CN1166312A - 计算机层析x射线摄影机 - Google Patents

计算机层析x射线摄影机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1166312A
CN1166312A CN97104908A CN97104908A CN1166312A CN 1166312 A CN1166312 A CN 1166312A CN 97104908 A CN97104908 A CN 97104908A CN 97104908 A CN97104908 A CN 97104908A CN 1166312 A CN1166312 A CN 1166312A
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detector
ray
anode
detected material
ray source
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埃里克·海尔
彼得·沙德特
冈特·施维茨
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/40—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4021—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving movement of the focal spot
    • A61B6/4028—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving movement of the focal spot resulting in acquisition of views from substantially different positions, e.g. EBCT
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02—Devices for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03—Computerised tomographs
    • A61B6/032—Transmission computed tomography [CT]

Abstract

一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，它由一X射线源(2)和一探测器(D)这样构成，使得可在较短时间内扫描被检测物(1)的体积。X射线源(2)包括一个沿Z向伸长的阳极(12)，焦点(F)可在其上移动。同步于该焦点的运动，对初级射线光阑(14)进行调节。该初级射线光阑(14)使角锥形的X射线束(3、4、5)被这样遮挡投影，使得全部X射线束均撞击到探测器(D)上却没有过度照射它。探测器(D)由一探测元件矩阵构成。

Description

计算机层析X射线摄影机
本发明涉及一种计算机层析X射线摄影机。
在已公开的计算机层析X射线摄影机中，对被检测物的扫描是通过一束扇形X射线束来进行的，该射线束由X射线源发出并撞击在由一系列探测元件构成的探测器上。为扫描被检测物的多个平行层面，在应用面探测器(探测器矩阵)时，在X射线源内设有一延长了的阳极，它沿系统轴线方向延伸，而X射线源和探测器可绕该轴线转动。在这类阳极上，焦点可沿系统轴线(Z轴)进行调节。
在DE3222030A1中记载了一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，其中，为从不同的方向透射被检测物，由X射线源和探测器构成的测量装置绕系统轴线进行的转动，可由此取消，即采用一位置固定的条状探测器和具有延长阳极的X射线源，在阳极上，可利用电子方法移动焦点，因此，由不同方向发射出的平面X射线束都可以到达探测器。这篇论文没有说明如何实现被检测物的体积扫描。
本发明的目的在于提供一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，其中借助于一个在Z轴方向上具有延长阳极的X射线源，快速地实现对被检测物的体积扫描。
本发明的目的是这样实现的，即采用一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，其具有一X射线源和一探测器，为能够在不同方向透射被检测物，该X射线摄影机可绕系统轴线转动，其中，X射线源具有一个沿系统轴线方向伸长的阳极，焦点在阳极上可通过一移动磁场沿其长度方向偏转，因而可扫描被检测物的体积，其中同步于焦点运动，对将X射线束遮挡投影成角锥形的初级射线光阑进行调节，使得穿透被检测物出来的X射线束全部撞击到探测器上，且该探测器由一个矩阵的探测元件构成，使得不必移动病人，就可对体积进行扫描。
采用这种计算机层析X射线摄影机能够获取体积(信息)，而患者在扫描期间不必进行移动。因此仅转动射线源和探测器就可以进行体积拍摄。
下面借助于附图所示实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，附图中：
图1为本发明计算机层析X射线摄影机的主要部分；
图2为图1所示计算机层析X射线摄影机中的X射线束的透视图。
在图1中示出一个被检测物1，它是经一个由一X射线源2和一探测器D构成的测量系统来进行检测的。在此，X射线源2发射出一角锥形的、穿过被检测物1并且撞击到探测器D上的X射线束3或4、5。探测器D沿系统轴线6(Z轴)方向上延展，并且由一探测元件矩阵组成。为了扫描被检测物1，X射线源2和探测器D可绕系统轴线6转动，计算机把探测器D的探测元件构成的输出信号转换成图像信息，因而，所检测的躯体部分的图像可以在监视器上再现。
在壳体7内，X射线源2包含有一个电子枪8，它所发射出的电子射线9利用一偏转磁场10回转约18O°，并贯穿通过线圈装置11。线圈装置11由一列可单独控制的磁性线圈构成，因而可产生一个移动磁场，借助它，阳极12上的焦点F可沿其长度方向偏转。射线捕集器13可以防止电子射线9由X射线源2内逸出。
借助于移动磁场，焦点F可在阳极12的整个长度上移动。相对于该焦点移动同步地对初级射线光阑14进行调节，该光阑14将X射线束遮挡投影成角锥形，这样射线束不会过度照射探测器D。在调节初级射线光阑14时，要使在阳极12的端点处的X射线束4、5被这样遮挡投影，使得即使在那儿，辐射也不会超出探测器D。
在图2中精确地示出了中部的X射线束3。图2表明，射线束呈角锥形伸展，并全部撞击到探测器D上，没有过度照射它。

Claims (1)

1一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，其具有一X射线源(2)和一探测器(D)，为能够在不同方向透射被检测物(1)，该X射线摄影机可绕系统轴线(6)转动，其中，X射线源(2)具有一个沿系统轴线(6)方向伸长的阳极(12)，焦点(F)在阳极上可通过一移动磁场沿其长度方向偏转，因而可扫描被检测物(1)的体积，其中同步于焦点运动，对将X射线束(3)遮挡投影成角锥形的初级射线光阑(14)进行调节，使得穿透被检测物(1)出来的X射线束全部撞击到探测器(D)上，且该探测器(D)由一个矩阵的探测元件构成，使得不必移动病人，就可对体积进行扫描。
CN97104908A 1996-05-09 1997-03-26 计算机层析x射线摄影机 Pending CN1166312A (zh)

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DE19618749.4 1996-05-09

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CN102150036A (zh) * 2008-09-10 2011-08-10 欧姆龙株式会社 X射线检查装置及x射线检查方法
CN101228553B (zh) * 2005-05-23 2012-10-24 健康与环境慕尼黑德国研究中心赫姆霍茨中心(有限公司) 用于成像断层造影的方法和装置

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CN102150036A (zh) * 2008-09-10 2011-08-10 欧姆龙株式会社 X射线检查装置及x射线检查方法

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US5841831A (en) 1998-11-24
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