CN1174709C - 净化布 - Google Patents

净化布 Download PDF

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CN1174709C
CN1174709C CNB011012951A CN01101295A CN1174709C CN 1174709 C CN1174709 C CN 1174709C CN B011012951 A CNB011012951 A CN B011012951A CN 01101295 A CN01101295 A CN 01101295A CN 1174709 C CN1174709 C CN 1174709C
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cleaning cloth
filament yarn
continuous filament
cloth
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CN1316224A (zh
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��R������˹̹
R·格罗坦
J·沃斯钦
F·鲁道夫
ƶ��׿�
J·丹科尔
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Carl Freudenberg KG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/018—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the shape
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/016—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the fineness
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber
    • Y10T428/2907—Staple length fiber with coating or impregnation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2915—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including textile, cloth or fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
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    • Y10T428/298—Physical dimension
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    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
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    • Y10T442/635—Synthetic polymeric strand or fiber material
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Abstract

本发明涉及净化布，它是由单位面积重量为30至500g/m2的微细连续长丝非织造布组成的，其中非织造布由熔融纺丝、牵伸和直接铺成网的纤度为1.5至5dtex的多组分连续长丝组成的，且多组分连续长丝必要时在预固定后至少有80%剥离成纤度为0.05至1.0dtex的微细连续长丝，并将其固定。

Description

净化布
                       技术领域
本发明涉及单位面积重量为30-500g/m2的由微细长丝非织造布形成的净化布。
                       背景技术
由US-A4,298,649中已知由非织造布制的净化布，它是由至少两层具有不同平均长丝直径的微细长丝形成的。其中采用相容和可热熔的聚合物作为这两层的聚合物原料。这些聚合物通过带有一种粘接模的热轧方法处理，它使两层之间相互粘接。
                       发明内容
本发明的任务是，提供一种净化布及其制造方法，这种净化布在宽的单体面积重量范围内可用价格合理的方法制造。
按本发明此任务通过由单位面积重量为30-500g/m2的微细长丝非织造布形成的净化布予以完成，其中非织造布由熔纺的、牵伸的和直接铺成网的、纤度为1.5-5dtex的多组分连续长丝组成，多组分连续长丝必要时在预固定后至少80％剥离成纤度为0.05-1.0dtex的微细连续长丝并固定。这种净化布具有这样的表面结构，即灰尘和小纤维能很好地侵入其表面，并牢固保留其中，因此它可适用作净化布。
在优选的实施方案中，提供这样一种净化布，其中非织造布是由熔融纺丝的、空气动力牵伸的和直接铺成网的纤度为2-3dtex的多组分连续长丝组成的，多组分连续长丝在未经或经过预固定后至少80％剥离成纤度为0.1-0.5dtex的微细连续长丝，并将其固定。
                       具体实施方式
优选的是这样的净化布，在其中多组分连续长丝是由两种不相容的聚合物、特别是由聚酯和聚酰胺组成的双组分连续长丝。这种双组分连续长丝具有良好的可剥离成微细长丝的性能，导致有利的强度对单位面积重量的比例。
优选的还是这样的净化布，在其中多组分连续长丝具有桔子瓣状的截面或也称为“馅饼状”的多片段结构，其中片段通常交替地包含两种不相容聚合物之一。除了这种多组分连续长丝的桔子瓣状的多片段结构外，在多组分连续长丝中不相容聚合物带有两或三条狭长条并列排列，这最好是用于制造卷曲长丝。在多组分连续长丝中不相容聚合物这样的排列具有极好的可剥离性。
优选的还是这样的净化布，在其中至少一种形成多组分连续长丝的不相容聚合物含有至多10％的添加剂，如颜料，持久作用的抗静电剂，杀真菌剂、杀细菌剂、杀螨剂和/或影响其亲水性能或疏水性能的添加剂。由原液着色纤维组成的净化布具有非常好的洗涤牢度。此外可通过加入添加剂来减少或消除静电和改善输湿性。
按本发明制造上述净化布的方法是，纤度为1.5至5dtex的多组分连续长丝由熔融纺丝和牵伸形成并将其直接铺成非织造布网，必要时进行预固定，非织造布网的多组分连续长丝通过高压流体射流固定并同时将至少80％的多组分连续长丝剥离成纤度为0.05-1.0dtex的微细连续长丝。这样得到的净化布厚度非常均匀。具有各向同性的纤维分布，无脱层的倾向，和与参比短纤维非织造布相比达到较高的模量值。
具有优点的净化布制造方法如下，即多组分连续长丝的固定和剥离是将预固定的非织造布至少一次在每一面用高压水射流撞击。因此使净化布具有良好的表面均匀性和多组分连续长丝的剥离度大于80％。
特别优选的方法是，在其中多组分连续长丝进行原液染色。染料在聚合物纤维中牢固结合，使之具有突出的洗涤牢度。
优选将单位面积重量为40-240g/m2的净化布、它们必要时还要进行起绒、起毛、刷毛或点轧，用作为各种目的和/或洗涤用净化布。
单位面积重量为40-140g/m2的净化布、它们必要时还要进行印花，用作为卫生净化布。
单位面积重量为80-200g/m2的净化布，必要时还将其涂层，压花和/或印花，可用作窗帘布或擦镜布。
单位面积重量为100-250g/m2的净化布，必要时将其压花和用去污剂预浸渍，用作为建筑物净化布。
单体面积重量为100-280g/m2的净化布，必要时还将其起绒，研磨，刷毛和/或印花，用作为擦灰尘布。
单位面积重量为140-500g/m2的净化布，必要时还将其起绒，研磨，刷毛和/或印花，用作为擦地板布。
按本发明的净化布以其良好的吸水性，很短的干燥时间和很低的去污剂消耗为著称。因此产生良好的洗涤，卫生，和护理效果和适用于作净化布，因为由于快速干燥去除了使微生物赖以繁殖所需的水，因此在净化布上减少了细菌和/或霉菌菌落的繁殖。
具有优点的是净化布用去污剂和护理剂浸渍。作为去污剂可采用用量为0.1-1.0％(重量)的离子性或非离子性表面活性剂如磺基丁二酸钠或相应的二辛酯。作为护理剂特别可考虑采用含蜡或石蜡油的药剂。对于专门的领域的应用特别要考虑预浸渍，以便节约时间，因不需不断更新。另外避免意外的错误用量。
具优点的是本发明的净化布可多次用沸水(95℃)洗涤。因此在卫生毫无问题的条件下提高净化布使用周期和在专门的净化布领域的可利用性通过将使用过的净化布作机械清洗以及必要时用去污剂和/或护理剂预浸渍而简化。
实例1
由聚酯-聚酰胺(PES-PA)双组分连续长丝制造单位面积重量为130g/m2的长丝纤维网，用压力至250巴进行双面水射流点刺。双组分连续长丝在水射流点刺后(同时也导致原料长丝的剥离)，具有0.1dtex的纤度。对于由微细长丝制的净化布，测得轴向拉伸力为450N和径向拉伸力为340N。伸长为10％时模量值为在轴向为142N，在径向为55N。撕破强力在机器运转方向为15N，和横向为18N。
实例2
由聚酯-聚酰胺(PES-PA)双组分连续长丝制造单位面积重量为105g/m2的长丝纤维网和用至多250巴的压力进行双面水射流点刺。双组分连续长丝在水射流点刺后(水射流点刺同时也导致原料长丝的剥离)，具有0.1dtex的纤度。对于由微细长丝制的净化布，测得轴向拉伸力为336N和径向拉伸力为279N。在伸长为10％时模量值轴向为93N和径向为31N。
表1表示按本发明的实施例的机械值与两种由短纤维非织造布制的净化布的机械值比较。
按本发明的净化布在轴向的最高强度比用作比较的、单位面积重量为155g/m2的短纤维非织造布约高38％，比单位面积重量为80g/m2的短纤维非织造布约高55％。按本发明的净化布显示明显较高的模量值，和虽然单位面积重量较低，但达到同样好的撕裂强力值。
  实施例1约130g/m2   实施例2约105g/m2 短纤维非织造布约155g/m2 短纤维非织造布约90g/m2
断裂强度(轴向)     450N     336N     325N     289N
断裂强度(径向)     340N     279N     323N     177N
伸长(轴向)     49％     50％     45％     47％
伸长(径向)     53％     51％     66％     57％
模量10％(轴向)     142N     93N     67N     37N
模量10％(径向)     55N     31N     17N     10N
撕裂强力(轴向)     15N     -     17N     7N
撕裂强力(径向)     18N     -     17N     11N

Claims (25)

1.由单位面积重量为30-500g/m2的微细长丝非织造布组成的净化布，其中非织造布是由熔融纺丝、牵伸和直接铺成网的纤度为1.5至5dtex的多组分连续长丝组成的，多组分连续长丝在未经或经过预固定后至少80％剥离成纤度为0.05-1.0dtex微细长丝并将其固定。
2.按权利要求1的净化布，其特征在于，非织造布是由熔融纺丝的、空气动力牵伸的和直接铺成网的纤度为2-3dtex的多组分连续长丝组成的，多组分连续长丝在未经或经过预固定后至少80％剥离成纤度为0.1-0.5dtex的微细连续长丝，并将其固定。
3.按权利要求1的净化布，其特征在于，多组分连续长丝是由两种不相容的聚合物组成的双组分连续长丝。
4.按权利要求3的净化布，其特征在于，这两种聚合物是聚酯和聚酰胺。
5.按权利要求3或4的净化布，其特征在于，多组分连续长丝具有桔子瓣状的多片段结构或具有两或多条狭长条的并列片段结构，其中这些片段交替地各含有这两种不相容的聚合物之一。
6.按权利要求5的净化布，其特征在于，净化布的两面具有不同的片段结构。
7.按权利要求3的净化布，其特征在于，组成多组分连续长丝的不相容的聚合物中至少有一种含有添加剂，所述添加剂为颜料、持久作用的抗静电剂、杀真菌剂、杀细菌剂、杀螨剂或影响亲水或疏水性能的添加剂，所述添加剂加入量至多10％重量。
8.按权利要求1的净化布，其特征在于，净化布已用去污剂和/或护理剂浸渍。
9.按权利要求1的净化布，其特征在于，净化布可多次用95℃的沸水洗涤。
10.按权利要求1的净化布，其特征在于，净化布的单位面积重量为40-240g/m2，这种净化布用作洗刷用布。
11.按权利要求10的净化布，其特征在于，将净化布进行起绒、磨毛、刷毛或点轧。
12.按权利要求1的净化布，其特征在于，净化布单位面积重量为40-140g/m2，用作为卫生净化布。
13.按权利要求12的净化布，其特征在于，净化布是经过印花的。
14.按权利要求1的净化布，其特征在于，净化布单位面积重量为80-200g/m2，用作为窗帘布和/或擦镜布。
15.按权利要求14的净化布，其特征在于，将净化布进行涂层、压花和/或印花。
16.按权利要求1的净化布，其特征在于，净化布单位面积重量为100至250g/m2，用作建筑物净化布。
17.按权利要求16的净化布，其特征在于，净化布进行压花并用一种去污剂预浸渍。
18.按权利要求1的净化布，其特征在于，净化布的单位面积重量为100-280g/m2，用作擦灰尘布。
19.按权利要求18的净化布，其特征在于将净化布进行起绒、起毛、刷毛和/或印花。
20.按权利要求1的净化布，其特征在于，净化布的单位面积重量为140至500g/m2，用作擦地板布。
21.按权利要求20的净化布，其特征在于，将净化布进行起绒、起毛、刷毛和/或印花。
22.一种单位面积重量为30-500g/m2的微细长丝非织造布组成的净化布的制造方法，其特征在于，纤度为1.5至5dtex的多组分连续长丝是由熔融纺丝和牵伸形成的并直接铺成非织造布网，将多组分连续长丝进行预固定或不进行预固定，且非织造布网的多组分连续长丝通过高压流体射流进行固定，同时将至少80％的多组分连续长丝剥离成纤度为0.05-1.0dtex的微细连续长丝。
23.按权利要求22的方法，其特征在于，多组分连续长丝的固定和剥离是这样进行的，即将其中的多组分连续长丝未经或经过预固定了的非织造布网每一面至少一次用高压流体射流撞击。
24.按权利要求22或23的方法，其特征在于，多组分连续长丝的染色是用原液染色。
25.按权利要求22或23的方法，其特征在于，采用两个纺丝箱体，其中的一个箱体制造具有“馅饼状”片段结构的多组分连续长丝且另一个制造带有两或多条狭长条的并列片段结构的多组分连续长丝。
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