CN1249674A - 外置式治疗用鼻扩张器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种鼻扩张器(100),包括一个长的基片(30)、一个放置在基片(30)上的压敏性粘结剂层(32)、一个粘结在基片(30)上的弹性件(60)和放置到扩张器的一部分上的芳香类或者经皮渗透类药物(50)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于使得病人呼吸更容易的扩张器，特别是涉及一种在治疗病人时防止鼻腔外壁组织在呼吸时瘪向鼻腔的医疗用鼻扩张器。
背景技术
鼻扩张器已经被建议用于协助通过鼻子进行呼吸。传统上有两种类型的被人们有效使用的扩张器。一种类型就是使用连接到弹性结构上的小的环或者支撑架。这些环被塞入到每一个鼻孔中，弹性结构伸展以提供无障碍的呼吸。这些扩张器受到普遍的谴责，因为这些扩张器带起来经常感到不舒服。由于支撑架或者小环的塞入，它们直接与敏感的鼻组织接触，众所周知会导致刺激和瘙痒。这种装置公开在授权给Caballero的US3710799专利以及是公开在D310565中的NOZOVENT扩张器。
最近，在鼻扩张器方面取得了一些进展，那就是把鼻扩张器固定到鼻子的外壁组织上，有助于防止内鼻组织在呼吸时缩向鼻腔。该扩张器包括一个柔性材料的带，通过粘结方式固定到一个基片上。该扩张器被固定到鼻子上，其中的弹性材料的作用就是保持左右鼻孔在呼吸时不缩向鼻腔或者瘪缩。这种情况的发生通常是由于鼻子畸形例如鼻中隔偏曲或者由于在过敏反应时导致充血膨胀等类似情况。可以以粘结方式固定到人鼻子的外侧皮肤上的鼻扩张器的例子公开在Doubek等人的US5533503专利和Muchin的US5546929专利中。
尽管常规的鼻扩张器已经被许多人所使用，但仍有必要更大程度地改进这些人的呼吸情况，使这些人的呼吸改善程度比单纯用机械手段控制鼻组织所能达到的程度更强。
本发明概述
本发明提供一种使得呼吸更容易的鼻扩张器和方法。第一组最佳的鼻扩张器包括一个具有一对纵边、一对横向端部、顶表面和底表面的长的基片。在该基片的底表面上放置有压敏粘结剂。该基片还包括粘结到其表面上的弹性件，用于当扩张器被以粘结方式固定到鼻子上时对鼻壁组织提供一个轻柔的膨胀力。本发明相对于现有技术的一个重要改进就是芳香类药物被放置到扩张器的一部分上，从而使得配戴者在呼吸时能够通过鼻子将这些药物吸入。
本发明把鼻扩张器以粘结方式施加的弹性作用与可吸入的芳香类药物相结合。这种结合对对非治疗扩张器或者非处方减充血剂药物的效果不完全满意的人有能力产生一种协同作用，其中所说的某些减充血剂药物可能会使人困倦。
在本发明的另外一个实施方案中，提供了一种主要用于防止鼻壁组织在呼吸时缩向鼻腔的方法。该方法包括提供一个鼻扩张器，该鼻扩张器包括一个具有放置在其第一平面上的压敏粘结剂层和粘结到第二表面上的一个弹性件。一种芳香类药物被浸渍在基片内，用于协助病人更容易地进行呼吸。该方法还包括在鼻子横向上使用一种压敏粘结剂层，从而当所述芳香类药物被吸入时可以使得所述弹性件为鼻壁组织提供一个轻柔的膨胀力。
本发明的第三个实施方案包括经皮渗透药物和粘结到基片上的弹性纱布或者弹性薄片层，从而最大程度地减少本发明的扩张器的连续生产处理的费用。
附图的简要描述
下面的附图用于说明本发明的最佳实施方案，同时也作为本发明的公开信息的一部分，其中：
图1：是一个配戴本发明的优选鼻扩张器的人的部分的立体正视图。
图2：是本发明的鼻扩张器的一个平面俯视图，其中的粘结剂层被部分撕开。
图3：是图2的鼻扩张器的正视的、分解剖面图。
图4：是一个优选的弹性件的平面俯视图，包括假想的鼻扩张器的基片的周边。
图5：是另外一种弹性件的平面俯视图，包括具有加强件的纱布，同时也表示出假想的基片的周边。
本发明的详细描述
本发明提供一种主要防止鼻子的鼻壁组织在呼吸时瘪向鼻腔的鼻扩张器和方法。在本文中，“芳香类”药物是指可以通过鼻子吸入而消耗的物质或者化合物，例如治疗蒸汽或者治疗气体。这些物质应该具有一些使得病人能够呼吸得更容易或者更好的功效。
参照附图特别是图1-3，其中表示一个最佳的鼻扩张器100，其尺寸适合横向安置在配戴者的鼻子上，从而与配戴者的左鼻孔和右鼻孔的外侧的鼻壁组织配合。如图2-3所示，该鼻扩张器100包括一个长条形的基片30，该长条形的基片30具有一对纵边、一对横向端部和顶表面与底表面。粘结剂层32放置在基片30的底表面上，从而保证鼻扩张器可以很容易地固定到配戴者的皮肤上。弹性件60也固定到基片上，当鼻扩张器以粘结方式固定到鼻子上时，该弹性件可以给鼻壁组织提供轻柔的膨胀力。最后，芳香类药物50被放置在鼻扩张器的一部分上，在呼吸时通过配戴者的鼻子可以吸入这些药物。
在本发明的第二个实施方案中，鼻扩张器100可以包括一个支撑层40。该支撑层40和弹性件60需要利用压敏粘结剂层42、62而粘结到基片30上。如图3所示芳香类药物可被放置到鼻扩张器100的任何一个表面上。作为优选的一种选择，将芳香类药物50放置到鼻扩张器100的一个具有吸附性的层部分上。该吸附性层部分可以是一个独立的吸附性层或者是基片30或者支撑层40的一部分。作为另外一种选择，芳香类药物可以以与粘结剂混合或者分离的形式放置到其中的一个粘结剂层中。最终，在包装用于销售之前把一个可剥离纸带10加到压敏粘结剂层32上。
本发明的长条形的基片30可以包括任何薄的、柔性并最舒服的能透气的材料。这种材料最好允许空气和湿水蒸气例如汗液通过。例如，该长的基片可以包括织造或者非织造织物，例如非织造的聚酯纤维。Dupont E.I.de Nemours公司生产的商标名为Sontara的纤维是较好的例子。作为另外一种选择，所述长的基片30可以包括热塑性织造或者非织造织物，例如纺粘型聚乙烯或者聚丙烯纤维。该基片30还可用本发明的芳香类药物50连同用于吸收或者排斥选定基础上的汗液或者水汽的亲水性或者疏水性添加剂进行处理。
基片30在朝向鼻子皮肤的侧面或者基片30的底表面上固定有一个粘结剂层32。该粘结剂层32连同可以选择的粘结剂层62、42可以由一种压敏、生物相容性粘结剂材料制成。这里，“压敏”是指任何可剥离的粘性或者粘滞性物质。适合用于鼻扩张器的粘结剂成分包括水基压敏性粘结剂例如丙烯酸酯粘结剂、热塑性“热熔”粘结剂、双面粘结胶带、弹性胶基粘结剂和丙烯酸粘结剂。由位于明尼苏达州的St.Paul市的3M公司生产的治疗用双面胶带3M1509是较好的例子。该产品为双面透明的聚乙烯薄膜，在其两侧涂敷有低变应原性、压敏性丙烯酸酯粘结剂，它们被固定在一个纸制衬管上。当然，粘结剂层62和42可以不是压敏粘结剂类型，因为一旦弹性件60和支撑层40被粘结到基片30上后，再在鼻子上使用或者从鼻子上去除鼻扩张器的过程中，这些层就不再需要分离。
本发明的弹性件60最好包括一个或者多个弹性带60a，该弹性带可以从弹性缎带材料上模切下来。好的弹性缎带材料的例子包括双轴取向的聚酯，其厚度为约0.01英寸，类似厚度的聚乙烯和聚丙烯弹性缎带也可以为鼻扩张器100提供膨胀力。在弹性带60a的树脂内加入纤维例如玻璃、石墨、碳和硼纤维会改善弹性带的弹性。
如图5所示，作为另外一种选择，一个弹性层例如纱布60b可以放置在基片30的周边11之内、或者沿着基片30的周边11放置或者沿着鼻扩张器100的外侧周边区域放置。弹性层可以是织造取向垫(wovenoriented mat)、纤维或者材料，或者是纤维的非织造垫材料，其中非织造垫材料中的纤维以粘合方式或者熔结方式粘结在一起。这样的纤维可以包括热塑性或者热固性聚合物。这样的例子包括热塑性纤维例如尼龙、聚乙烯和聚酯纤维，例如由Allied Signal公司出售的SPECTRA或者由COMPET纤维，或者由DuPont出售的商标名为Kevlar29、49或者149的芳香类聚酰胺纤维，例如象E一玻璃纤维和S一玻璃纤维、石墨纤维、碳纤维、硼纤维或者这些纤维的组合物之类的玻璃。该弹性件，无论是包括弹性带60a还是弹性纱布60b或者弹性薄层(未示出)，最好通过织网操作将它们织造在一起，所述织网操作包括熔结、粘结或者超声波粘结。在常规的作业中，当弹性缎带材料和基片材料给进到钢模或者辊的叠置位置时就通过粘结方式将它们粘结在一起。粘结剂层42和62用于在模切形成鼻扩张器100的最终周边11前将支撑层、弹性件60和长的基片30粘结在一起。粘结剂层42、62和32可以通过喷涂、滚压或者刮刀(knife)施加到鼻扩张器上，这些技术是织网工业中的常规技术。
弹性层例如弹性纱布60b或者弹性薄层的重要优点是不必在模切之前小心地进行放置作业，所述的弹性纱布60b与本发明中的分离的一对弹性带60a相对。由于弹性层最好与最终模切出的鼻扩张器的周边11的形状保持一致，因此该成本高昂的小心放置步骤就不再需要了。这可以消除浪费，降低织造作业的成本。这也使得在鼻扩张器100的表面的大部分或者全部表面上具有更为均一的弹性。
另外，就弹性件60或弹性层而言，本发明考虑在支撑层40和基片30内使用热塑性材料。当使用热塑性材料时，本发明可通过热和压力很经济地将材料熔结在一起，从而制得了鼻扩张器的复合结构。熔结可以避免使用附加的粘结剂层42和62，因此鼻扩张器不管使用什么形式的弹性件，其结构都更加具有整体性。然而，由于弹性纱布60b具有孔眼允许软化的热塑性材料在纤维或者长丝之间粘结，从而在不需要太多材料的情况下可以增加鼻扩张器100的强度，所以对于层的热塑性粘结使用弹性纱布60b是比较合适的。
在本发明的另外一个重要方面中，鼻扩张器可以包括芳香类药物50、经皮渗透类药物或者两者。较好的芳香类药物的例子包括樟脑、桉树油、薄荷油、薄荷醇、水杨酸甲酯、醋酸冰片酯、熏衣草油或者上述各种物质的组合。也可以使用经皮渗透类减充血剂和抗组胺类药例如苯海拉明、经皮渗透类抗组胺剂苯丙烯啶，这些药剂可以从位于俄亥俄州Cincinnati市的Proctor and Gamble公司获得；其它的药包括麻黄素、二甲茚定、依匹斯汀、艾米德斯汀(emedastine)和氯压定。这些芳香类药物和经皮渗透类药物可以混合在粘结剂层32中，例如，一个由丙烯酸酯共聚物粘结剂或者卵磷脂胶基基质制成的分散型经皮渗透的膏药配方。作为另外一种选择，可以使用一个速率控制膜例如Eudragit RL-100。
如上所述可以看到，本发明改进了鼻扩张器，该扩张器可能产生机械结构与治疗用的芳香类药物或经皮渗透类组合物的协同治疗效果。而且对本发明所使用的材料的改进改善了产品的功能性，从整体上降低了成本。本发明的鼻扩张器和方法可以用于帮助具有鼻中隔偏曲的人和在比赛时需要更多氧气的运动员。尽管这里已经描述了不同的实施方案，但是这只是为了说明的目的，这些实施方案并不构成对本发明的限制。各种不同的改进对于本领域的普通技术人员是显而易见的，这些改进均在所附的权利要求的保护范围之内。
按PCT19条的修改 权利要求书
1.一个用于在呼吸时基本上防止鼻壁组织缩向鼻内的外置式鼻扩张器(100)，其特征在于包括：
一个长的柔性的弹性件，该弹性件具有顶表面和底表面；
一个压敏性粘结剂层(32)，被放置在所说的弹性件的所述底表面上；
当所说的鼻扩张器(100)通过所说的压敏粘结剂层(32)以粘结方式固定到所说的鼻子上时，所说的弹性件为所述的鼻壁组织提供一个轻柔的膨胀力；以及
放置在所说的鼻扩张器上的芳香类物质或者经皮渗透类物质(50)或者其两者。
2.权利要求1所述的鼻扩张器，其中所说的弹性件包括缎带、纤维、织物层、非织造织物层、纱布、复合材料、薄片层或者上述各种材料的组合。
3.权利要求1所述的鼻扩张器，其中所说的芳香类药物包括下述物质中的一种或者多种：樟脑、桉树油、薄荷油、薄荷醇、水杨酸甲酯、醋酸冰片酯、熏衣草油或者上述各种物质的组合。
4.权利要求1的鼻扩张器，其中所说的芳香类或者经皮渗透类物质包括抗组胺剂或者减充血剂。
5.权利要求1的鼻扩张器，其中所说的弹性件包括吸附性纤维层部分。
6.权利要求1-5中任意一个权利要求所述的鼻扩张器，其中所说的芳香类或经皮渗透类物质被混合在所说的粘结剂层中。
7.权利要求1的鼻扩张器，其中所说的芳香类或经皮渗透类物质可以由体热加温而基本上激活。
8.一种使得病人呼吸更容易的方法，包括：以粘结方式把一个柔性长基片(30)粘结到病人的外部鼻壁组织上，所说的基片(30)具有一对纵边、一对横向端部和一个顶表面与底表面，所说的基片(30)包括放置在所说的底表面上的压敏粘结剂层(32)；该方法的特征在于：在所说的基片(30)上放置使得病人呼吸更容易的芳香类或者经皮渗透类物质(50)。
9.权利要求8的方法，其中将所说的物质(50)放置在所说基片的一个吸附性部分、分散型经皮渗透类膏药制剂、凝胶基基质或者速率控制膜内。
10.权利要求8的方法，其中所说的药物包括抗组胺剂、减充血剂或者芳香类药物。
Claims (10)
1.一个用于防止鼻壁组织在呼吸时缩向鼻腔的鼻扩张器(100)，其特征在于包括：
一个长的基片(30)，该长的基片(30)具有一对纵边、一对横向端部和一个顶表面与底表面；
一个压敏性粘结剂层(32)，被放置在所说的基片的所述底表面上；
一个弹性件(60)，被粘结到所说的基片(30)上，当所说的鼻扩张器(100)以粘结方式固定到所说的鼻子上时，所说的弹性件(60)为所述的鼻壁组织提供一个轻柔的膨胀力；以及
一个放置在所说的鼻扩张器(100)的一部分上的芳香类药物(50)，呼吸时通过鼻子吸入所说的芳香类药物(50)。
2.权利要求1所述的鼻扩张器，其中所说的弹性件包括弹性带、弹性纤维或者弹性层。
3.权利要求1所述的鼻扩张器，其中所说的芳香类药物包括下述物质中的一种或者多种：樟脑、桉树油、薄荷油、薄荷醇、水杨酸甲酯、醋酸冰片酯、熏衣草油或者上述各种物质的组合。
4.权利要求1的鼻扩张器，还包括芳香类抗组胺剂或者减充血剂。
5.权利要求1的鼻扩张器，还包括粘结到所说的基片上的吸附性纤维层。
6.权利要求5的鼻扩张器，还包括经皮渗透类抗组胺剂或者减充血剂。
7.权利要求1-6中任意一个权利要求所述的鼻扩张器，其中所说的芳香类药物被混合在所说的粘结剂层中。
8.权利要求1的鼻扩张器，其中所说的芳香类药物可以由体热的加温而基本上激活。
9.一个用于在呼吸时基本上防止鼻壁组织缩向鼻腔的鼻扩张器(100)，其特征在于包括：
一个长的基片(30)，该长的基片(30)具有一对纵边、一对横向端部和一个顶表面与底表面；
一个压敏性粘结剂层(32)，被放置在所说的基片的所述底表面上；
一个弹性件(60)，被粘结到所说的基片上，当所说的鼻扩张器(100)以粘结方式固定到所说的鼻子上时，所说的弹性件(60)为所述的鼻壁组织提供一个轻柔的膨胀力；和
经皮渗透类药物(50)，该药物被放置在所说的底表面上，以使得病人呼吸轻松。
10.权利要求9的鼻扩张器，其中所说的经皮渗透类药物包括抗组胺剂或者减充血剂。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/791,760 US5706800A (en) | 1997-01-29 | 1997-01-29 | Medicated nasal dilator |
| US08/791,760 | 1997-01-29 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1249674A true CN1249674A (zh) | 2000-04-05 |
| CN1259893C CN1259893C (zh) | 2006-06-21 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB988030713A Expired - Lifetime CN1259893C (zh) | 1997-01-29 | 1998-01-28 | 外置式治疗用鼻扩张器 |
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| US (2) | US5706800A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1011552B1 (zh) |
| JP (2) | JP4574753B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1259893C (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE218311T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU738977B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9807099A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2278714C (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69805814T2 (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK1011552T3 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2178151T3 (zh) |
| PT (1) | PT1011552E (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1998032403A1 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA98144B (zh) |
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- 1998-01-28 BR BR9807099-1A patent/BR9807099A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-28 AT AT98903748T patent/ATE218311T1/de active
- 1998-01-28 EP EP98903748A patent/EP1011552B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-28 DE DE69805814T patent/DE69805814T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-28 ES ES98903748T patent/ES2178151T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-28 PT PT98903748T patent/PT1011552E/pt unknown
- 1998-01-28 WO PCT/US1998/001513 patent/WO1998032403A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-01-28 DK DK98903748T patent/DK1011552T3/da active
- 1998-01-28 CN CNB988030713A patent/CN1259893C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-28 JP JP53222098A patent/JP4574753B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-28 AU AU60436/98A patent/AU738977B2/en not_active Expired
- 1998-01-28 CA CA002278714A patent/CA2278714C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-09-02 US US09/388,591 patent/US6276360B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2008
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101312762B (zh) * | 2005-11-07 | 2012-03-21 | Cns股份有限公司 | 用于鼻扩张器的延迟作用的弹簧力部件 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2008188421A (ja) | 2008-08-21 |
| CA2278714C (en) | 2007-02-13 |
| EP1011552A1 (en) | 2000-06-28 |
| ES2178151T3 (es) | 2002-12-16 |
| DK1011552T3 (da) | 2002-09-16 |
| US6276360B1 (en) | 2001-08-21 |
| AU738977B2 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
| US5706800A (en) | 1998-01-13 |
| PT1011552E (pt) | 2002-11-29 |
| DE69805814D1 (de) | 2002-07-11 |
| ZA98144B (en) | 1999-05-03 |
| ATE218311T1 (de) | 2002-06-15 |
| CN1259893C (zh) | 2006-06-21 |
| BR9807099A (pt) | 2001-09-18 |
| AU6043698A (en) | 1998-08-18 |
| EP1011552A4 (en) | 2000-12-13 |
| JP4574753B2 (ja) | 2010-11-04 |
| EP1011552B1 (en) | 2002-06-05 |
| WO1998032403A1 (en) | 1998-07-30 |
| JP2001511032A (ja) | 2001-08-07 |
| JP4795370B2 (ja) | 2011-10-19 |
| DE69805814T2 (de) | 2003-02-13 |
| CA2278714A1 (en) | 1998-07-30 |
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