CN1251513A - 吸收制品用非均匀激增液体缓冲控制材料 - Google Patents

吸收制品用非均匀激增液体缓冲控制材料 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1251513A
CN1251513A CN97199990A CN97199990A CN1251513A CN 1251513 A CN1251513 A CN 1251513A CN 97199990 A CN97199990 A CN 97199990A CN 97199990 A CN97199990 A CN 97199990A CN 1251513 A CN1251513 A CN 1251513A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
permeability
layer
buffer control
control material
liquid buffer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN97199990A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1170513C (zh
Inventor
R·N·道奇二世
C·J·艾利斯
C·L·赫茨勒
S·B·利特勒
E·S·克普纳
L·H·肖耶尔
C·D·克劳特克拉默
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Kimberly Clark Corp
Original Assignee
Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25034709&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CN1251513(A) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc filed Critical Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Publication of CN1251513A publication Critical patent/CN1251513A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1170513C publication Critical patent/CN1170513C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15203Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/903Microfiber, less than 100 micron diameter
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • Y10T428/24992Density or compression of components
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y10T442/621Including other strand or fiber material in a different layer not specified as having microdimensions
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/637Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • Y10T442/641Sheath-core multicomponent strand or fiber material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/647Including a foamed layer or component
    • Y10T442/651Plural fabric layers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659Including an additional nonwoven fabric

Abstract

提供一种个人护理制品用激增液体缓冲控制材料,它包含一种层合结构,由至少一个面朝穿戴者的渗透率较高的层与至少一个渗透率较低的层组成,其中所述结构的毛细张力为约1~5cm,且从上层到底层的毛细张力差值至少约1cm。该激增液体缓冲控制材料应包含渗透率至少是1000达西的高渗透率层和渗透率小于1000达西的低渗透率层。该激增液体缓冲控制材料还应包含渗透率比低渗透率层高出至少250达西的所述高渗透率层。这样一种层合结构应具有的第一次污染排液的流出量数值占以20ml/s提供的100ml污染排液中的最多30ml。这样的激增液体缓冲控制材料可用于个人护理制品,如尿布、训练裤。吸收性内裤、成人失禁用品、妇女卫生用品等。

Description

吸收制品用非均匀激增液体缓冲控制材料
发明领域
本发明涉及吸收制品,特别是用于诸如用即弃尿布、失禁护垫、幼儿护理训练裤或卫生巾之类个人护理制品的吸收结构体。更具体地说,本发明涉及一种吸收制品,其具有设计有以下功能的部分:迅速吸收反复出现的液体激增,暂时控制液体并随后释放给制品的其余部分。
发明背景
个人护理制品是一类吸收制品,包括尿布、训练裤、妇女卫生用品如卫生巾,以及失禁用具等。这类制品旨在用来吸收和保持身体排出物,一般为一次性使用或用即弃,即,在使用了一段较短的时间之后--通常为数小时--便丢掉,并不准备洗涤和再用。此类制品通常紧挨或靠近穿戴者的身体放置,以吸收并保持从身体排出的各种流出物。所有此类典型制品都包括可透液的体侧衬里或面料、不透液的外包覆层或背面层以及布置在体侧衬里与外包覆层之间的吸收结构。吸收结构可包括紧邻体侧衬里并与之处于液体联通接触的激增液体缓冲控制层(surge layer)以及吸收芯,后者通常由纤维素浆粕短绒纤维与吸收性凝胶颗粒的共混物或混合物构成,它紧挨在激增液体缓冲控制层并与之处于液体联通接触。
希望个人护理吸收制品表现出低的从制品的泄漏,使穿戴者有干爽感觉。据发现,排尿可以高达15~20毫升每秒的速率和以高达280厘米每秒的速度发生,而且,吸收服,如尿布,可能因出现从腿部或前后腰区域的泄漏而失去作用。吸收制品若不能迅速吸入液体还可造成这样的情况:在吸收结构尚未来得及将液体吸入之前体侧衬里面向身体的表面上积聚了过多的液体。此种积聚的液体会弄湿穿戴者的皮肤,还会顺着吸收制品的腿口和腰口泄漏,从而导致不适、潜在的皮肤健康问题和弄脏穿戴者的外衣或被褥。
泄漏和积液可由各种各样在制品设计或制品内各个材料的性能上的缺陷造成。导致此类问题的一个原因是,液体被吸入到起吸收并保持身体排出物作用的吸收芯内的速率不足。因此,一个给定吸收制品,特别是吸收制品中使用的体侧衬里和激增液体缓冲控制材料(surgematerials)的液体吸入,必须力图满足或超过预计输送到吸收制品的液体提供速率。吸入速率不足给承受第二、第三或第四次液体激增的制品性能所带来的负面影响尤其严重。另外,多次污染排液均贮存在目标部位,并导致潮湿、沉重的持液材料结构的塌陷和下沉,从而造成湿制品的不合身,此时便会出现泄漏。
已采取了各种各样的措施来减少或消除个人护理吸收制品的泄漏。例如,物理阻挡物,如弹性腿部开口和弹性封边,已被附加到此种吸收制品中。对典型的出现液流激增液体的吸收结构区域(有时称之为目标区)内的吸收材料数量和配置也做了改进。
其他旨在改进吸收制品总吸液能力的措施,集中在体侧衬里及其让液体迅速透入到吸收制品的吸收结构中去的能力上。非织造布材料,包括粘合梳理纤网及纺粘纤网,已被广泛用作体侧衬里。此种非织造布材料通常做成足够稀松和/或多孔以便让液体迅速通过,同时还起到保持使穿戴者皮肤与该衬里下面被打湿的吸收剂隔开的作用。还包括改进衬里材料吸液能力的努力,例如,在衬里材料上开孔,用表面活性剂处理构成衬里材料的纤维以提高衬里的可湿性,以及改变此种表面活性剂的耐久性。
另一项措施是引入一个或多个附加的材料层,典型地位于吸收芯与体侧衬里之间,以提高吸收制品的吸液性能并在吸收芯与紧贴穿戴者皮肤的体侧衬里之间提供隔离。一种此类附加层通常被称之为激增液体缓冲控制层,以采用厚而膨松的非织造布材料制作是合适的。激增液体缓冲控制层,特别是高膨松、高容积的耐压纤维结构,为尚未吸入到吸收芯中去的液体提供暂时保持或吸收的功能,它倾向于减少流体从吸收芯向衬里的倒流或反向浸湿。
尽管已做了这些改进,但是仍需要在吸收制品中使用的衬里材料吸液性能方面做进一步的改进。特别是,需要这样一种衬里材料,它能迅速吸入并随后控制污染排液(insult)向下层的散布过程。这样的改进处理对于狭窄的裆部吸收制品式样是至关重要的,因为它在目标区利用较少的持液贮存材料,并包括一种可将流体转移到较远部位去贮存的分配功能,以便缓解制品合身的问题,起到减少泄漏的作用。本发明提供一种非均匀激增液体缓冲控制材料,当用在吸收制品中时,可提供上述在吸液和控制的扩散方面的改善。
发明概述
本发明的目的是通过一种个人护理制品用激增液体缓冲控制材料达到的,它是一种层合结构,由至少一个渗透率较高的层与至少一个渗透率较低的层组成,其中该结构的毛细张力为约1~5cm且从顶面(穿戴者一侧)到底面的差值至少约1cm。此种层合结构第一次污染排液流出量值应占以20ml/s提供的100ml污染排液中的最多30ml。此种激增液体缓冲控制材料可用于诸如尿布、训练裤、吸收性内裤、成人失禁用品、妇女卫生用品之类个人护理制品中,并应具有小于3cm的厚度。本发明的激增液体缓冲控制材料尤其适合用于窄裆(最宽7.6cm)尿布。
附图简述
附图是一种MIST(多次污染排液试验)评价试验用的支架的侧视图。
定义
“用即弃”涵盖通常仅一次使用后便可丢弃,并不准备洗涤和再用。
“前面”和“后面”,在本文通篇被用来指相对于服装本身的关系,而不是指当服装穿在穿戴者身上时所取的位置。
“亲水”描写被接触到纤维的液体润湿的纤维或纤维表面。而材料的润湿度则又可以用所涉及的液体与材料之间的接触角和表面张力来描述。适合测量特定纤维材料的可湿性的设备及技术可由Cahn SFA-222表面力分析仅系统或基本相当的系统来提供。当采用这种系统测量时,接触角小于90°的纤维谓之“可湿”或亲水的,而接触角等于或大于90°的纤维则谓之“不可湿”或疏水的。
“向内”或“向外”是指相当于吸收性穿戴物的中心的位置,具体地说,指沿横向或纵向靠近或远离吸收性穿戴物的纵向及横向中心。
“层”,当用单数时,可具有单个元件或多个元件这双重涵义。
“液体”是指非气态物质和/或能流动并可呈现被倒入或置于其中的容器的内部形状的物质。
“液体联通”是指,诸如尿液之类的液体能够从一个部位移动到另一个部位。
“纵向”和“横向”的意义具有其惯用的涵义。纵轴位于制品被放在平面上并完全展开时的平面内,并且大致平行于当制品被穿在身上时将站立的穿戴者中分为左半边和右半边的垂直平面。横轴位于大致垂直于纵轴制品的平面内。
“颗粒”是指任何例如但不限于,球形颗粒、圆柱纤维或线料之类的几何形式。
“喷洒”及其各种变换说法涵盖借助于施加来自外加的空气或其他气体的压力、重力或离心力通过小孔或喷嘴等强制喷出液体,既可呈诸如螺旋丝状的流股,也可呈粉化颗粒状,喷洒,可以是连续的或非连续的。
“纺粘纤维”是指一种小直径纤维,它借助将熔融热塑性材料从纺丝板的许多细小、通常为圆形的毛细纺丝孔中挤出而成形为长丝,随后挤出的长丝(单丝)的直径被迅速拉细,拉细的方法例如公开在授予Appel等人的美国专利4,340,563及授予Dorschner等人的美国专利3,692,618、授予Matsuki等人的美国专利3,802,817、授予Kinney的美国专利3,338,992及3,341,394、授予Hartman的美国专利3,502,763以及授予Dobo等人的美国专利3,542,615中。纺粘纤维在沉积到凝聚表面上时通常不发粘。纺粘纤维通常为连续的,其平均直径(由至少10个试样测得)大于7微米,更具体地说在约10~20微米范围。这种纤维还可以具有诸如授予Hogle等人的美国专利5,277,976、授予Hills的美国专利5,466,410以及授予Largman等人的美国专利5,069,970和5,057,368中所描述的形状,这些文献描述了非传统形状的纤维。
“熔喷纤维”是指按如下方法制成的纤维:将熔融热塑性材料通过许多细小、通常为圆形的压出板毛细纺丝孔以熔融纤维或长丝形式挤出到会聚的高速的通常是热的气体(如空气)流中,气流将熔融热塑性材料长丝的单丝直径拉细,可达微米级直径。而后,熔喷纤维由高速气流夹带并沉积在凝聚面上,成形为无规散布的熔喷纤维的纤网。此种方法公开在,例如美国专利3,849,241中。熔喷纤维是微(米)纤维,可以是连续或不连续的,平均直径一般小于10微米,沉积到收集表面上时通常是发粘的。
本文所使用的术语“共成形”是指一种方法,其中有至少一个熔喷纺丝头布置在料斗旁,在成形期间,还有其他材料通过该料斗被加入到纤网中。所述其他材料例如可以是浆粕、超吸收剂颗粒、纤维素或短纤维。共成形方法可见诸于共同转让的授予Lau的美国专利4,818,464及授予Anderson等人的美国专利4,100,324。采用共成形方法生产的纤网通常称之为共成形材料。
“共轭纤维”是指一种纤维,其成形方法为:由至少两种聚合物源从分开的挤出机挤出但合在一起纺丝,形成一根纤维。共轭纤维有时也称作多组分或双组分纤维。各聚合物通常彼此不相同,虽然共轭纤维也可以是单组分纤维。各聚合物排列在共轭纤维断面上位置基本固定的、界限鲜明的区域内,并沿共轭纤维的全长连续地延伸。此类共轭纤维的构型,例如可以是皮芯排列的,其中一种聚合物被另一种聚合物包围着,或可以是并列排列的、扇形排列的或海/岛排列的。共轭纤维公开在授予Kaneko等人的美国专利5,108,820、授予Strack等人的美国专利5,336,552以及授予Pike等人的美国专利5,382,400中。对于双组分纤维,聚合物可以75/25、50/50、25/75或任何其它希望的比例存在。该纤维还可具有诸如授予Hogle等人的美国专利5,277,976及授予Largman等人的美国专利5,069,970及5,057,368中所描述的形状,这些专利描述了非传统形状的纤维并全文收作本文的参考。
“双成分纤维”是指由至少两种聚合物经同一挤出机以共混物形式挤出成形的纤维。术语“共混物”的定义见下文。双成分纤维的各种组分不排列在纤维断面上位置相对固定的区域内,该各种聚合物沿纤维的全长通常是不连续的,而通常是形成随机开始和结束的微纤或原纤。双成分纤维有时也称作多成分纤维。这一大类纤维在例如授予Gessner的美国专利5,108,827中有所讨论。有关双组分和双成分纤维的讨论还可见诸于教科书《聚合物共混物及复合物》,John A.Mnson及Leslie H.Sperling著,版权1976 Plenum出版社,Plenum出版公司(纽约)的一个分部,IBSN 0-306-30831-2,273~277页。
“粘合梳理纤网”是指这样制成的纤网:将短纤维送过精梳机或梳理机,将短纤维分梳或松开并使之沿机器方向排列,从而形成大致沿机器方向取向的纤维的非织造纤网。此种纤维通常以成包的形式购入,并被放入开松/混合机或清棉机中将纤维分开,然后再送入梳理机。纤网成形之后,随即采用几种已知粘合方法中的一种或多种予以粘合。此类粘合方法中的一种是粉末粘合,其中粉末状粘合剂被分散到整个纤网中,随后予以活化,通常采用以热空气加热纤网和粘合剂的办法实现。另一种合适的粘合方法是花纹粘合,其中采用加热的热轧辊或超声粘合设备将纤维粘合在一起,通常是沿着一定的区域化粘合花纹进行,虽然希望的话,纤网也可以沿着其整个表面都进行粘合。另一种合适且众所周知的粘合方法,特别是当使用双组分短纤维时,是穿透空气粘合。
“气流成网”是借以成形纤维非织造层的热知方法。在气流成网中,典型长度在约3~约19mm的短小纤维的束在空气流中分扩散来并夹带于其中,随即沉积到成形网上,通常在真空源的辅助之下。然后,无规分布的纤维在例如热空气或喷洒粘合剂的作用下彼此粘合在一起。
“个人护理制品”是指尿布、训练裤、吸收性内裤、成人失禁用品以及妇女卫生用品。
测试方法
多次污染排液试验(MIST评价):在该试验中,由两种或更多种材料组成的织物、材料或结构被置于一个聚丙烯酸支架上,以模拟诸如婴儿的使用者身体曲线。该支架如图2所示。该支架具有从附图所在版面朝里去的宽度33cm,且各端均已加上塞子,高度为19cm,上面二臂的内侧距离是30.5cm,上面二臂之间的交角是60°。支架在沿支架全长方向最低点处有一个6.5mm宽从版面朝里去的狭口。
待试验的材料被放在与试样相同尺寸的一片聚乙烯薄膜上,并一起放在支架上。100ml 8.5克氯化钠每升的盐水溶液以20cc/s的流率污染被测试样,其中喷嘴垂直于材料的中心并在与材料相距1/4英寸(6.4mm)的上方。记录流淌出来的量。将材料立刻从支架上取下,称重并放在密度为0.2g/cc、水平放置的干燥40/60浆粕/超吸收剂垫上,在0.01psi压力作用下,和在经过5、15和30min后称重,以确定从材料上解吸到超吸收剂垫的流体量以及保持在该材料中的流体量。该试验中使用的浆粕短绒和超吸收剂是Kimberly-Clark公司(达拉斯,德克萨斯)CR-2054浆粕和Stockhausen公司(Greensboro,NC 27406)的FAVOR870超吸收剂,不过,其他相当的浆粕和超吸收剂也可使用,条件是:它们能制成500gsm和0.2g/cc的解吸垫,该垫当在自由润胀条件下放在盐水中浸泡5min之后,再沿垫子的厚度方向经受约0.5psi(约3.45kPa)空气压差的作用,例如对其抽吸,5min之后,仍能保持至少20克的盐水溶液每克解吸垫。倘若试样是由其他成分构成的(例如是层合物),则应将各成分或层分开并分别称重以确定液体在各层之间的分配,在各自称重之后再重新装配起来,并放回到短绒/超吸收剂上。重复进行该试验,每次污染均使用新解吸垫,如此,在1.5h内总共引入3次污染,每次之间间隔30min,其间测定流体分配情况。建议,每种样品材料做5次试验。
渗透率:渗透率(k)可根据Kozeny-Carman方程算出。这是一种普遍采用的方法。参考文献包括R.W.Hoyland及R.Field的文章,期刊《纸技术及工业》,1976年12月,291~299页;以及F.A.L.Dullien,《多孔介质的流体传输及孔结构》,1979,学术出版公司,ISBN 0-12-223650-5。
                   要计算的变量         公式                     单位
Figure A9719999000101
Figure A9719999000102
Figure A9719999000103
Figure A9719999000104
Figure A9719999000106
Figure A9719999000107
Figure A9719999000108
Figure A9719999000109
Figure A9719999000111
其中
di=组分i的直径(微米)
ρi=组分i的密度(g/cm3)
xi=组分i在纤网中的质量分数
BW=单位面积试样重量(g/m2)
t=在0.05psi(23.9dyn/cm2)或2.39帕(N/m2)荷载下试样厚度(mm)。
渗透率计算实例
对于包含57%南方针叶木浆、40%超吸收剂及3%粘合纤维,且单位重量为617.58g/m2,在0.05psi下松厚度5.97mm的结构,进行了如下范例的渗透率计算。
组分性质如下(注意,形状是近似的)组分         形状    直径di(微米)  密度ρi,(g/cm3) 质量分数xi南方针叶木   圆柱    13.3          1.55               0.57超吸收剂     球形    1125          1.50               0.40粘合剂       圆柱    17.5          0.925              0.03
Figure A9719999000112
ρ平均(g/cm3)=0.1034 ϵ = 1 - Σ i x i ρ web ρ i ϵ = 1 - 0.57 0.1034 1.55 - 0.40 0.1034 1.49 - 0.03 0.1034 0.925 S v ( cm 2 / g ) = Σ i x i r i , off ρ i ϵ = 0.9309
Sv(cm2/g)= 0.57 ( 13.3 4 × 10 4 ) × 1.55 + 0.40 ( 1125 6 × 10 4 ) × 1.49 + 0.03 ( 175 4 × 10 4 ) × 0.925
Sv(cm2/g)=1194
Figure A9719999000123
ρ纤网(g/cm3)=1.496
S0(cm-1)=Svρ纤网
S0(cm-1)=1194×1.496
S0(cm-1)=1786 k = 3.5 ϵ 3 ( 1 - ϵ ) 0.5 [ 1 + 57 ( 1 - ϵ ) 3 ] k = 3.5 ( 0.9309 ) 3 ( 1 - 0.9309 ) 0.5 [ 1 + 57 ( 1 - 0.9309 ) 3 ]
K=10.94 k = ϵ 3 K S 0 2 ( 1 - ϵ ) 2 1 9.87 × 10 - 9 k = ( 0.9309 ) 3 ( 10.94 ) ( 1786 ) 2 ( 1 - 0.9309 ) 2 1 9.87 × 10 - 9
k=491达西
材料的卡规(厚度):材料的卡规是厚度的度量,在0.05psi下用Starret型膨松度测试仪进行测定,单位是mm。
密度:材料的密度是以每平方米的克数(gsm)为单位的试样单位面积重量除以在68.9帕下试样以毫米(mm)为单位的膨松度,得到的结果再乘上0.001,就换算为每立方厘米的克数(g/cc)表示的数值。总共测定3个样品,然后取平均,求得密度数值。
吸收结构的芯吸时间及垂直液体流率:约2英寸(5cm)×15英寸(38cm)材料的条形试样,垂直放置,以使试验开始时试验条垂直置于贮液器上方,试验条的下端恰好接触到液体的表面。所使用的液体是8.5g/l的盐水溶液。评估期间,相对湿度应保持在约90~约98%。试验条被置于已知重量和体积的液体上方,当试验条底边缘刚一触及到溶液表面,便启动停表。
记录在不同时间液体前沿在试验条上向上移动的垂直距离以及试验条所吸收的液体重量。用时间对液体前沿高度作图,以确定在约5cm和在约15cm处的芯吸时间。根据这些数据,还可计算出从评估开始到约5cm和到约15cm高度时试验条所吸收的液体重量。在特定高度处试验条垂直液体流率数值的计算方法是,逐一用试验条的单位重量(gsm),液体到达特定高度所需时间,min,以及试验条的宽度,英寸,去除试验条吸收的液体克数。不包含超吸收剂的材料(例如,激增液体缓冲控制材料)的毛细张力是简单地用30min后8.5g/l盐水溶液的平衡垂直芯吸高度来度量的。
详细描述
个人护理制品的传统吸收体系可概括为具有激增液体控制及持液(保持)或SC功能。
激增液体缓冲控制材料,即SC中的S,的作用是,用以迅速接受到来的污染排液,或者吸收、保持、转移或用其他方式控制住液体,不使其泄漏到制品外边。该激增液体缓冲控制层也可称之为吸入层、转移层、输运层等等。典型的激增液体缓冲控制材料,必须能够应付,例如婴儿,每次以大约5~20cc/s的体积流率排出的约60~100cc涌来的污染排液。
保持或持液材料,即SC中的C,必须迅速而有效地吸收污染排液。它们应能够从分配层吸入液体,并且在吸液过程中不发生明显的“凝胶阻液”或由于吸收剂外层的膨胀而阻止液体向吸收剂内部的进一步渗透。持液材料通常包含高速率超吸收剂材料,如聚丙烯酸酯超吸收剂与短绒的共混物。这类材料能够迅速吸入和保持液体。
上面已经提到,起激增液体控制和持液功能的传统吸收体系通常将绝大部分出现的污染排液保持在目标区,也就是裆部。这导致带有裆部的个人护理制品往往做得相当宽。各种市售尿布的持液能力和持液部位的例子载于美国专利申请号08/755,136的表3中,该申请与本申请同一天提交并转让给同一受让人,题为“具有可控储液布局的吸收制品”。
与传统吸收体系不同,专利申请“具有可控储液布局的吸收制品”提供一种吸收体系,它包括的组分经过了设计和安排,并组装在一起,能够在每次污染排液后的一定时间内使液体分布到吸收体系的规定区域,即远离目标区。当采用随意地分为5个区域的吸收体系时,此种吸收体系具有,位于中心目标区的一般在裆部内的流体克数与两端区域中每一区内的流体克数之间的“充满度比”,其在3次相隔30min的污染排液量100ml之后小于5∶1。优选该充满度比小于3∶1,最优选小于2.5∶1。许多目前市售供应的尿布的充满度比为20∶1,50∶1,或甚至更大,就是说,它们将大部分污染排液保持在裆部。
除了传统吸收体系中的激增液体缓冲控制及持液材料之外,最近的工作还引入了夹在S与C层之间的另一种层。这种新的层是一种分配层,从而生产出一种具有激增液体缓冲控制、分配和持液作用的,即“SDC”体系。
分配材料,即SDC中的“D”,必须能够将最初沉积点的流体转移到希望贮存的部位。分配,必须以可接受的速率完成,以便使目标污染排液区,通常即裆部,为下一次污染排液做好准备。所谓“为下一次做好准备”是指,已有足够数量的液体被转移出目标区,以致下一次污染排液仍将造成可接受体积范围内的吸收和外流。两次污染排液之间的时间可从只有数分钟到数小时,通常根据穿戴者的年龄决定。
吸收制品,例如尿布,通常还具有贴着穿载者身体的衬里以及在最外层的背面层。吸收制品还可包含其他层,例如专利申请号08/754,414中所描述的多功能层,该申请与本申请同一天提交并转让给同一受让人,题为“多功能吸收剂材料及由其制成的制品”。吸收制品中的持液材料还可分成区以提供特定的储液格局并将目标区的液体转移到远距离的贮存区,正如与本申请同一天提交、转让给同一受让人、题为“具有可控储液布局的吸收制品”的专利申请号08/755,136中所描述的。虽然看上去显而易见,但是仍应当指出,为了能够有效地发挥作用,个人护理制品吸收体系中使用的材料与材料之间必须有充分的接触,以便在它们间转移液体。
衬里有时被称之为体侧衬里或面料,它紧靠激增液体缓冲控制材料。沿制品的厚度方向,衬里材料是挨着穿戴者皮肤的那一层,因此是首先与液体或来自穿戴者的其他排出液相接触的层。衬里还起着将穿戴者的皮肤与吸收结构中保持的液体彼此隔开的作用,因此应当伏贴柔顺、手感柔软且无刺激作用。
有各种各样的材料可用来构成本发明的体侧衬里,包括开孔塑料薄膜、机织布、非织造纤网、多孔泡沫塑料、网状泡沫塑料等。已发现,非织造布材料特别适合用来制作体侧衬里,包括聚烯烃、聚酯、聚酰胺(或其他类似的成纤聚合物)长丝的纺粘或熔喷纤网,或者天然聚合物(如人造丝或棉纤维)和/或合成聚合物(如聚丙烯或聚酯)纤维的粘合梳理纤网。例如,体侧衬里可以是合成聚丙烯长丝的非织造纺粘纤网,长丝的平均纤维纤度(根据至少10个试样)为约12~约48微米,更具体地说在约18~约43微米之间。非织造纤网的单位重量,例如为约10.0克每平方米(gsm)~约68.0gsm,更具体地说,为约14.0gsm~约42.0gsm,膨松度或厚度为约0.13mm~约1.0mm,更具体地说,为约0.18mm~约0.55mm,密度为约0.025克每立方厘米(g/cc)~约0.12g/cc,更具体地说,为约0.068g/cc~约0.083g/cc。另外,此种非织造纤网的渗透率可为约150达西~约5000达西。非织造纤网可用选择用量的表面活性剂进行表面处理,例如用约0.28%Triton X-102表面活性剂,或者接受其他方式的加工,以获得要求水平的可湿性和亲水性。若使用表面活性剂,它可以是内添加剂,或者通过任何传统手段,如喷洒、印刷、浸渍、刷涂之类的方法施加到纤网上去。
在最典型的情况下,激增液体缓冲控制层置于体侧衬里和诸如分配或持液层之类的另一层之间并与这二者密切接触和彼此处于液体联通。激增液体缓冲控制层一般地直接在体侧衬里内(不外露)表面的下面。为了进一步提高液体转移能力,希望将激增液体缓冲控制层的上和/或下表面分别附着在衬里和分配层上。可使用合适的传统附着技术,包括但不限于,粘合剂粘合(用水基、溶剂基及热活化的粘合剂)、热粘合、超声粘合、针刺及戳孔,乃至以上方法的组合或其他合适的附着方法。在激增液体缓冲控制层,例如是用粘合剂粘合到体侧衬里上的情况下,粘合剂的施加量应足以提供要求的粘合牢度,而又不过分限制液体从衬里向激增液体缓冲控制层的流动。下面,将更详细地讨论本发明的激增液体缓冲控制层。
如同在前面提到的同一受让人的专利申请“多功能吸收剂材料及由其制成的制品”中所述,使用多功能材料,旨在对激增液体缓冲控制材料起辅助作用,这些作用包括:1)在强制流动,即在实际污染排液期间,接受部分体积的污染排液,2)在污染排液后,使激增液体缓冲控制材料的液体解吸,3)让部分体积的污染排液经由本身(多功能材料)通过,进入到分配材料,以及4)永久地吸收一部分液态污染排液。若使用此种多功能材料,则该多功能材料及激增液体缓冲控制材料应按照前面提到的同一受让人的专利申请“多功能吸收剂材料及由其制成的制品”所述的那样设计成一起发挥作用的。多功能材料的基本结构是一种独特的共混物,由超吸收剂材料、高膨松湿回弹性浆粕以及诸如聚烯烃粘合剂纤维之类的结构稳定成分组成。该多功能材料的渗透率为约100~10000达西,毛细张力为约2~15cm,流出比,在整个使用期限内小于25ml每100ml污染排液。多功能材料的“使用期限”考虑为3次污染排液,每次100ml,间隔30min。为了到达所要求的毛细张力和渗透率,优选的是,多功能材料包含30~75wt%低速超吸收剂、25~70wt%浆粕以及正量~最高约10%数量的粘合剂成分。该材料的密度应为约0.05~0.5g/cc。材料的单位重量将随制品的用途而有所不同,但一般应在约200~700gsm范围。多功能材料优选地位于激增液体缓冲控制与分配层之间。
分配层必须能够将流体从初始沉积点转移到所希望的贮存点。分配,必须以可接受的速率完成,以便使目标污染排液区,通常即裆部,为下一次污染排液做好准备。两次污染排液之间的时间可从只有数分钟到数小时,通常根据穿戴者的年龄决定。为了到达这种输运功能,分配层必须具有高毛细张力数值。分配材料中的毛细张力是根据“垂直液体流率试验”,简单地测定8.5g/ml盐水溶液的平衡垂直芯吸来度量的,不是采用针对包含超吸收剂的材料所给出的试验方法。成功的分配层必须具有比相邻层(朝穿戴者这一侧)大的毛细张力,并优选具有至少约15cm的毛细张力。由于通常在毛细张力与渗透率之间存在相反的关系,如此高的毛细张力表明,分配层通常具有低渗透率。
希望合适的分配材料所具备的另一项液体输运性质是,它在约15cm高度时应表现出的垂直液体流率的合适值是至少约0.002克液体每分钟每平方米(gsm)分配材料每英寸分配层断面宽度,g/(min*gsm*inch),最高值为约0.1g/(min*gsm*inch)。本文所使用的术语--分配材料的“垂直液体流率”数值是用来代表,每分钟每标准化量的分配材料越过某一与中心污染排液区相距规定的垂直高度的界面所输运的液体量。分配材料在约15cm高度的条件下的垂直液体流率可根据本文所描述的试验方法测定。
希望分配材料具有的另一项液体输运性质是,它在约5cm高度条件下表现出的垂直液体流率,以至少约0.01g/(min*gsm*inch)为宜,最高约0.5g/(min*gsm*inch)。一种吸收结构在高度约5cm条件下的垂直液体流率,可根据本文所描述的试验方法测定。
可用以构成分配层的材料包括织造布、非织造纤网。例如,分配层可以是由聚烯烃、聚酯、聚酰胺(或其他成纤聚合物)长丝的熔喷或纺粘纤网构成的非织造布层。此种非织造布层可包括短纤维或其他长度的共轭、双成分及均聚物纤维,或者此类纤维与其他类型纤维的混合物。分配层还可以是天然和/或合成纤维,或者二者的组合构成的粘合梳理纤网以及空气铺网纤网或湿法成网浆粕结构。分配层的单位重量可为35~300gsm,或者更优选地,80~200gsm,其密度为约0.1~0.5g/cc,渗透率为约50~1000达西。
典型的持液材料是纤维素材料或超吸收剂或者其混合物。此类材料通常旨在用来迅速吸收液体并保持液体,通常不将液体释放出去。超吸收剂可从许多制造商购得,包括陶氏化学公司,Midland,MI以及Stockhausen公司,Greensboro,NC。正如在前面提到并属于同一受让人的、题为“具有可控储液布局的吸收制品”的专利申请中所述的,持液材料可分成区,通过对其组成的选择,可将液体从目标区转移到较远的贮存部位。这样一种设计能更有效地利用整个吸收制品,且在例如尿布的情况下,有助于允许生产出更窄裆部的制品,这里所谓“窄裆”是指宽度最大7.6cm的尿布。采用“具有可控储液布局的吸收制品”说明书所建议的储液布局和材料,可使目标区内的液体重量,不足较远的贮存部位中的5倍,这是对先有技术设计的一项重大改进。
背面层有时也叫做外包覆层,是离穿戴者最远的一层。典型的外包覆层由热塑性薄膜构成,如聚乙烯薄膜,基本上不透液。外包覆层的功能是防止包含在吸收结构中的身体流出物打湿或弄脏穿戴者的衣服、被褥或其他与尿布接触的材料。外包覆层例如可以是初始厚度为约0.5密耳(0.012mm)~约5.0密耳(0.12mm)的聚乙烯薄膜。此种聚合物薄膜外包覆层可以经过压花和/或无光整理以提供美学上更令人愉快的外观。用于外包覆层的其他替代结构包括经制作或处理以赋予要求水平的不透液性质的织造布或非织造纤网,或者是织造布或非织造纤网与热塑性薄膜形成的层合物。外包覆层还可任选地由蒸汽或气体可透性微孔“透气性”材料构成,它对蒸汽或气体为可透的,然而对液体则基本上为不可透过的。赋予聚合物薄膜以透气性的方法,例如有,在薄膜聚合物配方中加入填料,将填料/聚合物配制物挤出为薄膜,然后对薄膜施以足够的拉伸以致在填料颗粒周围形成孔隙,从而制成透气性薄膜。一般而言,填料用量越多,拉伸程度越大,则透气程度就越大。背面层还可起机械加固件的配合件的作用,例如在非织造布作为该外表面时。
关于激增液体缓冲控制材料,各种各样的织造布及非织造纤网均可用来构成激增液体缓冲控制层。例如,激增液体缓冲控制层可以是由聚烯烃长丝的熔喷或纺粘纤网组成的非织造布层。此种非织造布层可包含短纤维或其他长度的共轭、双成分及均聚物纤维,或者此类纤维与其他类型纤维的混合物。激增液体缓冲控制层还可以是天然和/或合成纤维构成的粘合梳理纤网以及气流成网纤网或或穿透空气粘合的梳理纤网。粘合梳理纤网结构,例如是粉末粘合梳理纤网、红外粘合梳理纤网或穿透空气粘合梳理纤网。该粘合的梳理纤网还可任选地包括不同纤维的共混物或混合物,且纤维长度,在选择的纤网中还可在约3mm到约60mm之间变化。以往的激增液体缓冲控制层的单位重量至少约0.50盎司每平方码(约17克每平方米),68.9帕下的密度至少约0.010g/cm3,68.9帕下的膨松度至少约1.0mm,膨松度回复至少约75%,渗透率约500~约5000达西,以及单位孔隙体积表面面积至少约20cm2/cm3。激增液体缓冲控制材料的例子可见诸于授予Ellis等人的美国专利5,490,846及授予Latimer的美国专利5,364,382。均匀的激增液体缓冲控制材料公开在与本申请同一天提交并转让给同一受让人、题为“吸收制品用高效激增液体缓冲控制材料”的专利申请号08755,514中。激增液体缓冲控制层可由基本为疏水的材料构成,疏水材料可任选地用表面活性剂处理或其他方法加工,以获得要求程度的可湿性及亲水性。激增液体缓冲控制层可具有大致均匀的厚度和断面面积。
激增液体缓冲控制材料必须以排放污染排液的速率吸入排出液体的全部体积,方可避免上表面积液或流出,还必须将一旦吸入到材料结构内的液体保持住,以防止流出。传统的激增液体缓冲控制材料是低密度、高渗透率和低毛细张力的结构体,它有利于吸入并分散,尤其是在污染排液期问。但是,如此高渗透率、低毛细张力的结构对液体施加的控制力度很低,因此,逐渐扩散的液体能够迅速达到激增液体缓冲控制材料的周边并流出。这是在个人护理制品裆部区域发生泄漏的一个根源,因为在这一部位制品的宽度一般小于制品的长度,同时也是窄裆(小于7.6cm)个人护理制品特别关注的问题。
如果激增液体缓冲控制材料的孔隙体积维持一定,窄裆激增液体缓冲控制材料的厚度必须大于宽裆的式样,或者必须在制品长度方向上提供更多的激增液体缓冲控制材料。而除非额外增加的孔隙体积在溢出之前已充满了液体,否则附加的厚度和/或长度将没有好处。要使得较厚的激增液体缓冲控制材料在污染排液期间充满到较高的高度,就需要较低的渗透率,而要控制液体,就需要较高的毛细张力,这样,才能既将液体保持在结构中,又能够芯吸液体以便使沿制品长度的更多孔隙体积可得到利用。较低的渗透率起着增加液体高度和减缓平面扩散的速度,防止其到达材料的边缘的作用,同时,较高的毛细张力起着将液体保持在材料中,以便在充满期间和充满以后液体均不会从边缘跑出来的作用。
低渗透率、高毛细张力激增液体缓冲控制材料的优点展示在题为“吸收制品用高效激增液体缓冲控制材料”的专利申请中。但是,随着渗透率的降低,表面积液或液体从材料上表面流出的倾向就增加了,尤其是在高污染排液流率时,或者当污染排液沿锐角冲击激增液体缓冲控制材料表面时,限制了激增液体缓冲控制结构的液体渗透。这种效应与使用者的习惯及使用条件密切有关。据发现,一种沿z-方向具有递减渗透率梯度的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中也同时可赋予毛细张力梯度,将提供改善的吸入和控制性能,尤其是对窄裆制品在高流率和大体积污染排液条件下,在许多使用条件方面均有改善。
本发明的激增液体缓冲控制材料旨在用来解决吸液及扩散控制等多方面的关键问题。
液体的吸入是重要的,因为据发现,排尿可以高达15~20ml/s的体积流率和高达280cm/s的速度发生。若不能迅速将此液体吸入,便会造成从腿部或前后腰区域泄漏。吸收制品若不能迅速吸液,还可导致液体在被吸收结构吸收之前在体侧衬里面朝身体的表面上的过量积聚。此种积液会弄湿穿戴者的皮肤,从吸收制品的腿口和腰口泄漏,从而导致不适、潜在的皮肤健康问题,乃至弄脏穿戴者的外衣和被褥。
来自污染排液的液体有控制地扩散是重要的,尤其是在窄裆吸收制品中,因为它可增加激增液体缓冲控制层下面一层与到来的污染排液的接触面积。接触面积越大,便可使所有下面各层的物质得到更充分的利用。
本发明的吸入及控制的扩散目的是通过采用一种激增液体缓冲控制材料达到的,该材料具有沿z方向的渗透率梯度与z方向毛细现象程度递增的结合。更具体地说,本发明的激增液体缓冲控制材料在材料面朝穿戴者的一侧具有较高的渗透率,而在离开穿戴者并朝向以下各层的一侧则具有较低的渗透率。更进一步具体地说,本发明的激增液体缓冲控制层在面朝穿戴者的一侧具有大于1000达西的渗透率,而在离开穿戴者的一侧具有小于1000达西的渗透率。再进一步具体地说,本发明的激增液体缓冲控制层应在其上述层之间具有至少约250达西,特别是至少500达西的渗透率差值。
除了对本发明激增液体缓冲控制材料在渗透率方面的要求之外,此种激增液体缓冲控制材料还必须具有沿z方向的毛细张力梯度,其中激增液体缓冲控制材料在材料面朝穿戴者一侧具有较低的毛细张力,而在离开穿戴者并面朝下面各层的一侧具有较高的毛细张力。更具体地说,本发明的激增液体缓冲控制材料具有1~5cm的毛细张力,而从顶层到底层的差值至少约1cm。
成品激增液体缓冲控制材料的确切渗透率将取决于吸收制品的宽度以及激增液体缓冲控制材料层的厚度。例如,随着激增液体缓冲控制材料的高渗透率上层的厚度的减少,下层的渗透率也必须减少。随着激增液体缓冲控制材料的总宽度的减少,下层激增液体缓冲控制层的渗透率也必须减少。例如,若激增液体缓冲控制材料的宽度是7.6cm且上层的渗透率是1000达西,其厚度是1.1cm,则下层的厚度和渗透率就应分别为1.1cm和980达西。若激增液体材料的宽度减少到5.1cm,同时上层渗透率和厚度不变,则底层的厚度和渗透率应分别为4cm和74达西。若激增液体缓冲控制材料的宽度是7.6cm且上层渗透率是2000达西,且其厚度是0.77cm,则下层的厚度和渗透率应分别为1.4cm和590达西。
激增液体缓冲控制材料的各层还可以是取向的,取向按分别沿纵方向(MD)或横向(CD)的拉伸试验确定。各层可按至少3∶1或更高的MD∶CD取向。此种激增液体材料在实例6中给出。
上及下层激增液体缓冲控制层的渗透率和厚度可通过选择适当的纤维纤度和纤网密度的组合来控制。而且,构成激增液体缓冲控制层的材料可经过选择以保证在多次污染排液期间目标渗透率水平一直得到维持。另外,虽然为了讨论起来方便,一直把激增液体缓冲控制材料作为具有2层的,实际上,该激增液体材料可具有任意的层数,只要整个层合结构的渗透率和毛细张力在本发明权利要求的范围之内即可。
按照Mist评价试验对多种激增液体缓冲控制层做了试验以测定流出量。实例1~6中激增液体缓冲控制材料的宽度是5.1cm,长度是17.4cm,结果获得约100cc的可利用孔隙体积。污染排液是室温下以20ml/s的速率提供的,总量为100ml 8.5g/l的盐水溶液。数据载于表中,其中密度(Den.)的单位是g/cc;试样中的层数在“层数”一列给出;渗透率(Perm.)的单位是达西;毛细张力(C.T.是根据平衡垂直芯吸值给出的,单位是cm;试样总厚度(Thick.)的单位是cm;每次污染排液的流出量(1stR等等)是按ml给出的,每次污染排液之后的流体保持量(1stF等等),在右边的3列中给出,单位是克。注意,实例4和5是多层激增液体缓冲控制材料,正如渗透率和毛细张力列表明的,其中的数据是对每一组分层而言的。
在下面的实例中,计算所使用的组分性质如下:
  大致形状     旦   密度(g/cc)   直径(μm)
 1.5旦人造丝1.8旦BASF PE/PET3旦BASF PE/PET10旦BASF PE/PET     圆柱圆柱圆柱圆柱     1.51.8310     1.5501.1651.1651.165     11.7014.7819.0934.85
    聚合物 密度(g/cc)
    PETPE人造丝     1.380.951.55
注意,旦数与直径之间的关系如下:
直径(微米)=(旦数/π×纤维密度×9×105)1/2×104
对于本发明的激增液体缓冲控制材料,第一次污染排液的流出量数值应小于或等于以20ml/s的速率排出的100ml中的30ml,而其余2次每次应小于或等于30ml。在最优选的实施方案中,所有3次污染排液均具有流出量数值等于或小于25ml。
实例1~4中所描述的材料是穿透空气粘合梳理纤网结构,在双40英寸(102cm)梳理机中试生产线上生产的。该粘合梳理纤网结构是按照大约100gsm的单位重量制造的。实例1~4的试样长度和宽度尺寸分别为6英寸(15cm)×2英寸(5.1cm)。多层100gsm的材料按照表中所示叠合,结果获得如表中所示的要求厚度。制备好的试样包含约150cc按长乘宽乘厚算出的总体积。然而,试验配置导致在15.2cm长度中不到10.2cm为可达及和可用于污染排液,结果约有100cc可达及孔隙体积。经验表明,MIST试验支架中的试样利用了污染排液点两侧各约2英寸的长度,或总共4英寸(10.2cm),而不是整个试样长度,从而导致计算出的孔隙体积是100cc。
实例1
实例1是穿透空气粘合梳理纤网,包含90wt%1.8旦1.5英寸(3.8cm)共轭皮/芯-聚乙烯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PE/PET)纤维和10wt%1.5旦1.5英寸人造丝纤维。PE/PET纤维可从BASF纤维公司,6805 MorrisonBoulevard,Charlotte,NC 28211-3577购得,它是带有主要成分为聚乙二醇的油剂CS-2的共轭皮/芯-聚乙烯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PE/PET)纤维。人造丝纤维是1.5旦Merge(合股)18453根纤维,供应商:Courtaulds纤维公司,Axis,Alabama。
实例2
实例2是穿透空气粘合梳理纤网,包含90wt%3.0旦1.5英寸共轭皮/芯-聚乙烯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PE/PET)纤维和10wt%1.5旦1.5英寸人造丝纤维。PE/PET纤维可从BASF纤维公司,6805 MorrisonBoulevard,Charlotte,NC 28211-3577购得,它是带有主要成分为聚乙二醇的油剂CS-2的共轭皮/芯-聚乙烯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PE/PET)纤维。
实例3
实例3是穿透空气粘合梳理纤网,包含90wt%10.0旦1.5英寸共轭皮/芯-PE/PET纤维和10wt%1.5旦1.5英寸人造丝纤维。PE/PET可从BASF纤维公司,6805 Morrison Boulevard,Charlotte,NC 28211-3577购得,它是带有主要成分为聚乙二醇的油剂CS-2的共轭皮/芯-聚乙烯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PE/PET)纤维。
实例4
实例4是符合本发明标准的双组分梯度结构。上层组分如实例3中所给出,底层如实例1中所给出。
实例5
实例5是符合本发明标准的双组分梯度结构。上层组分如实例2中所给出,底层如实例1中所给出。
实例6
实例6是符合本发明标准的双组分梯度结构。上层组分是60wt%3.0旦1.5英寸共轭PE/PET纤维与40wt%6旦1.5英寸PET纤维的均匀共混物。各组分九层层合在一起制造试验用材料。
该上层组分纤维是由Hoechst Celanese公司,Charlotte,NC,提供的商品名分别为T256和T295的纤维。上层组分的单位重量为约1.5osy(盎司每平方码)(50gsm),密度为约0.014g/cc。上层组分共混纤维是采用备有Web-Master出布辊的Master梳理机,John D.Hollingworth ofWheels公司,Greenville,NC,梳理成网的。上层组分的MD∶CD纤维取向比,按照MD与CD拉伸强度比确定,为约3~5∶1。
底层组分是100wt%的2.2旦1.5英寸聚丙烯纤维,由Hercules化学公司,Wilmington,DE,按商品名T186购得,其单位重量为约1.0osy(35gsm)。经穿透空气粘合之后,该层的密度为约0.067g/cc。该层是采用备有Dof-Master出布辊的Master梳理机,John D.Hollingworth ofWheels公司,梳理成网的。底层组分的MC∶CD纤维取向比,按照拉伸强度比确定,为约12~15∶1。
上层组分的毛细张力为约0.6;底层的为约2.7cm。
实例7
实例7是符合本发明标准的类似于实例6的双组分梯度结构。上层组分是2种纤维的均匀共混物:30wt%3.0旦1.5英寸共轭PE/PET纤维与70wt%6旦1.5英寸PET纤维。底层组分是100wt%2.2旦1.5英寸聚丙烯纤维。每层的供应商及单位重量均与实例6中的相同。没有一层经过梳理来提高取向度。
                                        表实例  层数         密度 渗透率  毛细张力  厚度    1stR 2ndR 3ldR 1stF 2ndF3ldF1      10         0.056  500       3.0     1.93    18    38    28   29.6  23.0 23.22      7          0.036  1650      1.7     2.08    37    25    23   7.0   9.5  11.03      9          0.047  2500      1.2     2.03    36    34    31   3.1   3.9  4.44      4层实例3/5 0.052  2500/500  1.2/3.0 1.85    26    23    19   4.9   6.0  6.7
    层实例15      3层实例2/5 0.047  1650/500  1.7/3.0 1.85    29    20    20   6.3   7.7  8.5
    层实例16       18        0.024  7645/770  0.6/2.6 2.09    29    29    28   N/A   N/A   N/A7       2         N/A    3400/770  N/A     N/A    N/A    N/A   N/A  N/A   N/A   N/A
研究了表中的数据后可清楚地看出,厚度与单层激增液体缓冲控制材料大致相同的多层激增液体缓冲控制材料,具有较好(较低)的流(溢)出量结果。这可从实例3与实例4和5的比较看出,实施例4和5尽管整体稍微薄一些但具有比均匀的高渗透率的实例3低的流出量数值。这样的结果违反直觉。
虽然,上面仅详细描述了本发明的几个范例实施方案,但是,本领域技术人员很容易理解,在这些范例实施方案中尚存在许多可能的变换方案,它们在实质上均不偏离本发明的新技术内容和优点。因此,所有此类方案均应包括在如下面所附权利要求规定的本发明范围之内。在权利要求中,手段加上功能的权利要求被用来涵盖本文中为完成所提到的功能时所描述的各种结构,而且,不仅包括各种结构等价物,而且包括各种等价结构。譬如,虽然钉子和螺钉--就钉子采取圆柱表面将木材零件固定在一起而螺钉采取螺旋表面--这种意义上可能不是结构等价物,但是,就固定木材零件的意义上,钉子与螺钉可以是等价结构。

Claims (24)

1.一种个人护理制品用激增液体缓冲控制材料,它包含一种层合结构,由至少一个面朝穿戴者的渗透率较高的层与至少一个渗透率较低的层组成,其中所述结构的毛细张力为约1~5cm,且从顶层到底层的差值至少约1cm。
2.权利要求1的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中所述高渗透率层的渗透率至少是1000达西,而所述低渗透率层的渗透率小于1000达西。
3.权利要求2的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中所述高渗透率层的渗透率比所述低渗透率层的至少高250达西。
4.权利要求2的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中所述高渗透率层的渗透率比所述低渗透率层的至少高500达西。
5.一种个人护理制品,其选自包含权利要求1的材料的尿布、训练裤、吸收性内裤、成人失禁用品及妇女卫用品。
6.权利要求1的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中所述高渗透率层是取向的。
7.权利要求1的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中所述低渗透率层是取向的。
8.权利要求1的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中所述高及低渗透率层是取向的。
9.权利要求3的制品,其中所述个人护理制品是妇女卫生用品。
10.权利要求3的制品,其中所述个人护理制品是成人失禁用品。
11.权利要求3的制品,其中所述个人护理制品是尿布。
12.权利要求11的尿布,它具有最大7.6cm的裆部宽度。
13.权利要求2的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其厚度小于3cm。
14.权利要求1的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中第一次污染排液的流出量数值占以20ml/s提供的100ml污染排液中的最多30ml。
15.权利要求14的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中2次另外的污染排液的流出量每次最多是30ml。
16.权利要求15的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中所有3次污染排液均具有至多25ml的流出量数值。
17.一种个人护理制品用激增液体缓冲控制材料,它包含一种层合结构,由至少一个面朝穿戴者的渗透率较高的层与至少一个渗透率较低的层组成,其中所述较高渗透率层的毛细张力为约1~2.5cm,所述较低渗透率层的毛细张力为约2.5~5cm。
18.权利要求17的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中所述高渗透率层是取向的。
19.权利要求17的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中所述低渗透率层是取向的。
20.权利要求17的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中所述高及低渗透率层是取向的。
21.一种个人护理制品用激增液体缓冲控制材料,它包含一种层合结构,由至少一个面朝穿戴者的渗透率较高的层与至少一个渗透率较低的层组成,其中所述较高渗透率层由共轭皮/芯微纤维组成,其渗透率比所述低渗透率层大至少500达西,且毛细张力为约1~2cm;所述较低渗透率层包含均聚物微纤维,其毛细张力为约2.5~5cm,其中所述层中至少一层以MD∶CD至少3∶1取向。
22.权利要求21的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中所述高渗透率层是取向的。
23.权利要求21的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中所述低渗透率层是取向的。
24.权利要求21的激增液体缓冲控制材料,其中所述高及低渗透率层是取向的。
CNB971999902A 1996-11-22 1997-11-21 吸收制品用非均匀激增液体缓冲控制材料 Expired - Fee Related CN1170513C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/754,417 1996-11-22
US08/754,417 US5820973A (en) 1996-11-22 1996-11-22 Heterogeneous surge material for absorbent articles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1251513A true CN1251513A (zh) 2000-04-26
CN1170513C CN1170513C (zh) 2004-10-13

Family

ID=25034709

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB971999902A Expired - Fee Related CN1170513C (zh) 1996-11-22 1997-11-21 吸收制品用非均匀激增液体缓冲控制材料

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (2) US5820973A (zh)
EP (1) EP0952800B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR20000069073A (zh)
CN (1) CN1170513C (zh)
AR (1) AR010629A1 (zh)
AU (1) AU723912C (zh)
BR (1) BR9713392A (zh)
CA (1) CA2269805C (zh)
DE (1) DE69738541T2 (zh)
ID (1) ID23975A (zh)
PL (1) PL186431B1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2192834C2 (zh)
TR (1) TR199901138T2 (zh)
WO (1) WO1998022068A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (219)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6152904A (en) * 1996-11-22 2000-11-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles with controllable fill patterns
US6734335B1 (en) 1996-12-06 2004-05-11 Weyerhaeuser Company Unitary absorbent system
EP0941157B1 (en) * 1996-12-06 2004-02-04 Weyerhaeuser Company Unitary stratified composite
US20050090789A1 (en) * 1996-12-06 2005-04-28 Graef Peter A. Absorbent composite having improved surface dryness
US6383960B1 (en) * 1997-10-08 2002-05-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered absorbent structure
US6168849B1 (en) 1997-11-14 2001-01-02 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Multilayer cover system and method for producing same
US6710225B1 (en) 1998-06-15 2004-03-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered absorbent structure with a zoned basis weight
WO2000000129A1 (en) * 1998-06-29 2000-01-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Liquid transport member for high flux rates between two port regions
US6673057B1 (en) 1998-06-29 2004-01-06 The Procter & Gamble Company High flux liquid transport members comprising two different permeability regions
AU8271698A (en) * 1998-06-29 2000-01-17 Procter & Gamble Company, The High flux liquid transport members comprising two different permeability regions
EP1099030A1 (en) * 1998-06-29 2001-05-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Liquid transport member for high flux rates between a port region and an opening
WO2000000130A1 (en) * 1998-06-29 2000-01-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Liquid transport member for high flux rates against gravity
AU8378298A (en) * 1998-06-29 2000-01-17 Procter & Gamble Company, The Liquid transport member having high permeability bulk regions and high thresholdpressure port regions
US6727403B1 (en) 1998-06-29 2004-04-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article exhibiting high sustained acquisition rates
US6410823B1 (en) * 1998-06-30 2002-06-25 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Apertured film covers with localized wettability and method for making the same
US6248097B1 (en) 1998-08-06 2001-06-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with more conformable elastics
US6652693B2 (en) 1998-08-06 2003-11-25 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for applying adhesive in an article having a strand material
US6235137B1 (en) 1998-08-06 2001-05-22 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for manufacturing an elastic article
US6623853B2 (en) 1998-08-28 2003-09-23 Wellman, Inc. Polyethylene glycol modified polyester fibers and method for making the same
US6582817B2 (en) 1999-11-19 2003-06-24 Wellman, Inc. Nonwoven fabrics formed from polyethylene glycol modified polyester fibers and method for making the same
US6323388B1 (en) 1998-11-04 2001-11-27 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with an improved, wet-formed absorbent
US6706945B1 (en) 1998-11-04 2004-03-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with improved, wet-formed absorbent
US6231557B1 (en) 1999-09-01 2001-05-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent product containing an elastic absorbent component
DE69938008T2 (de) * 1998-12-09 2008-05-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc., Neenah Mehrschichtige einlage für körperpflegeprodukte
US6329565B1 (en) * 1998-12-24 2001-12-11 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent structure and method
US6245051B1 (en) 1999-02-03 2001-06-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with a liquid distribution, belt component
US6214274B1 (en) 1999-05-14 2001-04-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Process for compressing a web which contains superabsorbent material
DE19931192C1 (de) * 1999-07-07 2000-10-19 Sandler C H Gmbh Aufnahme- und Verteilungselement für Flüssigkeiten in absorbierenden Artikeln
US6663611B2 (en) * 1999-09-28 2003-12-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Breathable diaper with low to moderately breathable inner laminate and more breathable outer cover
US6783837B1 (en) 1999-10-01 2004-08-31 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fibrous creased fabrics
US6627789B1 (en) 1999-10-14 2003-09-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Personal care product with fluid partitioning
US6723892B1 (en) * 1999-10-14 2004-04-20 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Personal care products having reduced leakage
US6509091B2 (en) 1999-11-19 2003-01-21 Wellman, Inc. Polyethylene glycol modified polyester fibers
US20030018313A1 (en) * 1999-12-16 2003-01-23 Tanzer Richard Warren Absorbent structure and method
US6437214B1 (en) 2000-01-06 2002-08-20 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered absorbent structure with a zoned basis weight and a heterogeneous layer region
US6361634B1 (en) 2000-04-05 2002-03-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Multiple stage coating of elastic strands with adhesive
US6489534B1 (en) 2000-04-28 2002-12-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Disposable personal articles which conform and adhere
CN1443055A (zh) * 2000-05-19 2003-09-17 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 用于吸收制品的顶层片材和输送层
CN1476337A (zh) * 2000-12-07 2004-02-18 韦尔豪泽公司 具有改善的向存储层液体输送的分布层
US6664437B2 (en) 2000-12-21 2003-12-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Layered composites for personal care products
US6838590B2 (en) 2001-06-27 2005-01-04 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Pulp fiber absorbent composites for personal care products
US6759567B2 (en) 2001-06-27 2004-07-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Pulp and synthetic fiber absorbent composites for personal care products
JP3647797B2 (ja) * 2001-11-28 2005-05-18 コナミ株式会社 画像表示プログラム、画像表示方法及びビデオゲーム装置
US7615040B2 (en) * 2001-12-19 2009-11-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Thin, flexible, low capacity absorbent article with leakage protection
US6679104B2 (en) 2001-12-20 2004-01-20 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Matched material combinations for absorbent articles and the like
US20050101929A1 (en) * 2002-01-17 2005-05-12 Andrew Waksmundzki Absorbent core with three-dimensional sub-layer
US20030199219A1 (en) * 2002-04-19 2003-10-23 Hayes Heather J. Patterned nonwoven fabric
US8328780B2 (en) * 2002-11-21 2012-12-11 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with elastomeric bordered material
US7294593B2 (en) * 2002-11-21 2007-11-13 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article material with elastomeric borders
US7855316B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2010-12-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Preferentially stretchable laminates with perforated layers
US7727217B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2010-06-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc Absorbent article with unitary elastomeric waistband with multiple extension zones
US20040122408A1 (en) * 2002-12-24 2004-06-24 Potnis Prasad S. Dry-blend elastomer for elastic laminates
US7943813B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2011-05-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent products with enhanced rewet, intake, and stain masking performance
US8216203B2 (en) * 2003-01-01 2012-07-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Progressively functional stretch garments
ES2314137T3 (es) 2003-02-12 2009-03-16 THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY Pañal comodo.
US20050027267A1 (en) * 2003-07-31 2005-02-03 Van Dyke Wendy Lynn Absorbent article with improved fit and free liquid intake
US7160281B2 (en) 2003-10-21 2007-01-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having an absorbent structure secured to a stretchable component of the article
US20050119632A1 (en) * 2003-11-03 2005-06-02 Sierra Alisa K. Absorbent structure featuring high density and flexibility
US7073373B2 (en) * 2003-11-24 2006-07-11 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent structure having enhanced intake performance characteristics and method for evaluating such characteristics
US20050124948A1 (en) * 2003-12-08 2005-06-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with elastomeric bordered necked material bodyside liner and method of making
US7662745B2 (en) 2003-12-18 2010-02-16 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Stretchable absorbent composites having high permeability
US7344523B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2008-03-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Dual-layered disposable garment having tailored stretch characteristics
US8167861B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2012-05-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Disposable garment with stretchable absorbent assembly
US7648771B2 (en) * 2003-12-31 2010-01-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Thermal stabilization and processing behavior of block copolymer compositions by blending, applications thereof, and methods of making same
US7329794B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2008-02-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Disposable absorbent garment with elastic inner layer having multiple fasteners
US7658732B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2010-02-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Dual-layered disposable garment
US20050148975A1 (en) * 2003-12-31 2005-07-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Disposable garment having an elastic inner layer with a narrow width in the crotch region
US7297226B2 (en) 2004-02-11 2007-11-20 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Apparatus and method for degrading a web in the machine direction while preserving cross-machine direction strength
US7993319B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2011-08-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having an absorbent structure configured for improved donning of the article
US8246594B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2012-08-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having an absorbent structure configured for improved donning and lateral stretch distribution
US20050256757A1 (en) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-17 Sierra Alisa K Method of manufacturing and method of marketing gender-specific absorbent articles having liquid-handling properties tailored to each gender
US20050256758A1 (en) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-17 Sierra Alisa K Method of manufacturing and method of marketing gender-specific absorbent articles having liquid-handling properties tailored to each gender
US8066685B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2011-11-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Stretchable absorbent article having lateral and longitudinal stretch properties
US7772456B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2010-08-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Stretchable absorbent composite with low superaborbent shake-out
US8496638B2 (en) * 2004-06-30 2013-07-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles having a waist region and corresponding fasteners that have matching stretch properties
US8377023B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2013-02-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent garments with tailored stretch properties in the lateral direction
US7938813B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2011-05-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having shaped absorbent core formed on a substrate
US7718844B2 (en) * 2004-06-30 2010-05-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having an interior graphic
US20060069367A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2006-03-30 Andrew Waksmundzki Absorbent core having two or more types of superabsorbent
US20060069360A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2006-03-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with insult indicators
US20060069361A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2006-03-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article component having applied graphic, and process for making same
US7704589B2 (en) * 2004-09-30 2010-04-27 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent garment with color changing fit indicator
US20060135933A1 (en) * 2004-12-21 2006-06-22 Newlin Seth M Stretchable absorbent article featuring a stretchable segmented absorbent
US20060144503A1 (en) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of making absorbent articles with elastomeric end regions
US20060149208A1 (en) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with elastomeric end regions
US20060173432A1 (en) * 2005-02-01 2006-08-03 Laumer Jason M Absorbent articles comprising polyamine-coated superabsorbent polymers
US20060173431A1 (en) * 2005-02-01 2006-08-03 Laumer Jason M Absorbent articles comprising polyamine-coated superabsorbent polymers
US20060173433A1 (en) 2005-02-01 2006-08-03 Laumer Jason M Absorbent articles comprising polyamine-coated superabsorbent polymers
US7477156B2 (en) 2005-04-29 2009-01-13 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Connection mechanisms in absorbent articles for body fluid signaling devices
US20060247599A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Garment having an outer shell that freely moves in relation to an absorbent assembly therein
US7871401B2 (en) * 2005-04-29 2011-01-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with improved fit
US7394391B2 (en) * 2005-04-29 2008-07-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Connection mechanisms in absorbent articles for body fluid signaling devices
US20060246272A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 Zhang Xiaomin X Thermoplastic foam composite
US8377027B2 (en) 2005-04-29 2013-02-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Waist elastic members for use in absorbent articles
EP1915118A1 (en) * 2005-08-19 2008-04-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article
US7498478B2 (en) * 2005-08-31 2009-03-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of detecting the presence of an insult in an absorbent article
US7649125B2 (en) * 2005-08-31 2010-01-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of detecting the presence of an insult in an absorbent article and device for detecting the same
US7355090B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2008-04-08 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of detecting the presence of insults in an absorbent article
US7915476B2 (en) * 2005-08-31 2011-03-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article for interactive toilet training
US7322925B2 (en) * 2005-12-15 2008-01-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Apparatus and method for making pre-fastened absorbent undergarments
US7335150B2 (en) * 2005-12-15 2008-02-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Apparatus for making pre-fastened absorbent undergarments
US8491556B2 (en) 2005-12-15 2013-07-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent garments with multipart liner having varied stretch properties
US8304598B2 (en) * 2005-12-15 2012-11-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Garments with easy-to-use signaling device
US20070142797A1 (en) * 2005-12-15 2007-06-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Garments with easy-to-use signaling device
US7737322B2 (en) * 2005-12-21 2010-06-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Personal care products with microchemical sensors for odor detection
JP5109135B2 (ja) * 2006-02-01 2012-12-26 コモンウェルス サイエンティフィック アンド インダストリアル リサーチ オーガニゼイション ダイヤパー等のための湿分モニタシステム
US7790640B2 (en) * 2006-03-23 2010-09-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles having biodegradable nonwoven webs
US7489252B2 (en) * 2006-04-26 2009-02-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Wetness monitoring systems with status notification system
US7595734B2 (en) * 2006-04-26 2009-09-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Wetness monitoring systems with power management
US8378167B2 (en) * 2006-04-27 2013-02-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Array of wetness-sensing articles
US20070255241A1 (en) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with integrated themes
US20070255242A1 (en) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Wetness-sensing absorbent articles
US8440877B2 (en) 2006-05-31 2013-05-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Alignment aids for a sensing article
US8319004B2 (en) * 2006-08-17 2012-11-27 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Training article for delivering unique sensations
US20080052030A1 (en) * 2006-08-22 2008-02-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of predicting an incontinent event
US20080058740A1 (en) * 2006-08-29 2008-03-06 Sullivan Shawn J Sensing article for a home automation network
US7449614B2 (en) 2006-08-29 2008-11-11 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles including a monitoring system powered by ambient energy
US7504550B2 (en) * 2006-08-31 2009-03-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Conductive porous materials
US20080058747A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-06 Arvinder Pal Singh Kainth Absorbent articles comprising superabsorbent polymers having superior properties
US7834235B2 (en) * 2006-08-31 2010-11-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. System for interactively training a child and a caregiver to assist the child to overcome bedwetting
US20080054408A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Conduction through a flexible substrate in an article
US20080057693A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Electrical conductivity bridge in a conductive multilayer article
US8604268B2 (en) * 2006-09-29 2013-12-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Sensor and associated articles for toilet training
US8697933B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2014-04-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Toilet training using sensor and associated articles
US20080082068A1 (en) * 2006-10-02 2008-04-03 Jian Qin Absorbent articles comprising carboxyalkyl cellulose fibers having permanent and non-permanent crosslinks
US20080082069A1 (en) * 2006-10-02 2008-04-03 Jian Qin Absorbent articles comprising carboxyalkyl cellulose fibers having non-permanent and temporary crosslinks
US7875066B2 (en) * 2006-12-11 2011-01-25 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Thermal grill for heating articles
US8053625B2 (en) * 2006-12-14 2011-11-08 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles including a body fluid signaling device
US9078742B2 (en) 2006-12-15 2015-07-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Self-activated cooling device
US20080147152A1 (en) 2006-12-15 2008-06-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Self-activated warming device
US20080221539A1 (en) * 2007-03-05 2008-09-11 Jean Jianqun Zhao Absorbent core for disposable absorbent article
US7935860B2 (en) 2007-03-23 2011-05-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles comprising high permeability superabsorbent polymer compositions
US8383877B2 (en) 2007-04-28 2013-02-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent composites exhibiting stepped capacity behavior
US20080266122A1 (en) * 2007-04-30 2008-10-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Wetness sensor with audible signal for an absorbent article
US8264362B2 (en) * 2007-04-30 2012-09-11 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Embedded antenna for sensing article
US8334425B2 (en) 2007-06-27 2012-12-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Interactive garment printing for enhanced functionality of absorbent articles
US8058194B2 (en) * 2007-07-31 2011-11-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Conductive webs
US8372766B2 (en) * 2007-07-31 2013-02-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Conductive webs
US8697934B2 (en) 2007-07-31 2014-04-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Sensor products using conductive webs
US8383875B2 (en) 2007-08-30 2013-02-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Wetness indicator with hydrophanous element for an absorbent article
US7700821B2 (en) * 2007-08-30 2010-04-20 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method and device for determining the need to replace an absorbent article
US20090062756A1 (en) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-05 Andrew Mark Long Signaling Device For Disposable Products
US8226624B2 (en) * 2007-08-31 2012-07-24 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Elastic member for a garment having improved gasketing
US8039683B2 (en) 2007-10-15 2011-10-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent composites having improved fluid wicking and web integrity
US8497409B2 (en) * 2008-02-29 2013-07-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having an olfactory wetness signal
US20090247979A1 (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with graphic elements
JP2011518648A (ja) 2008-04-29 2011-06-30 ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー 耐歪み性のコアカバーを備える吸収性コアの作製プロセス
KR101608100B1 (ko) * 2008-05-29 2016-03-31 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. 전기 경로를 포함하는 전도성 웨브 및 이를 제조하는 방법
US7760101B2 (en) * 2008-06-20 2010-07-20 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of reducing sensor corrosion in absorbent articles
US7924142B2 (en) 2008-06-30 2011-04-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Patterned self-warming wipe substrates
US8628506B2 (en) 2008-06-30 2014-01-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Multifunctional monitoring device for absorbent articles
US8101813B2 (en) * 2008-10-30 2012-01-24 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Training progress indicator
US8361046B2 (en) * 2008-10-31 2013-01-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent garments with improved fit in the front leg area
US8172982B2 (en) 2008-12-22 2012-05-08 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Conductive webs and process for making same
US8866624B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2014-10-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Conductor-less detection system for an absorbent article
US20100168694A1 (en) 2008-12-31 2010-07-01 Sudhanshu Gakhar Infrared Wetness Detection System For An Absorbent Article
US8274393B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2012-09-25 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Remote detection systems for absorbent articles
EP2329803B1 (en) 2009-12-02 2019-06-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Apparatus and method for transferring particulate material
EP2415428A1 (en) 2010-08-04 2012-02-08 Polymer Group, Inc. Breathable laminate and method of making the same
USD656852S1 (en) 2010-08-06 2012-04-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Wetness indicator
US9018434B2 (en) 2010-08-06 2015-04-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles with intricate graphics
US8552251B2 (en) 2010-10-08 2013-10-08 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Article with health-benefit agent delivery system
US8698641B2 (en) 2010-11-02 2014-04-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Body fluid discriminating sensor
US8642832B2 (en) 2010-11-10 2014-02-04 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Apparatus and method for product and signaling device matching
US8956493B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2015-02-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Leg and flap elastic composite for an absorbent article and method of manufacturing same
US9220640B2 (en) 2010-12-30 2015-12-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article including two dimensional code made from an active graphic
US8764722B2 (en) 2011-04-28 2014-07-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with cushioned waistband
MX2013014588A (es) 2011-06-10 2014-01-24 Procter & Gamble Estructura absorbente para articulos absorbentes.
EP2532329B1 (en) 2011-06-10 2018-09-19 The Procter and Gamble Company Method and apparatus for making absorbent structures with absorbent material
RU2630211C1 (ru) 2011-06-10 2017-09-05 Дзе Проктер Энд Гэмбл Компани Одноразовые подгузники
EP3266432B1 (en) 2011-06-10 2019-04-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent structure for absorbent articles
PL2532328T3 (pl) 2011-06-10 2014-07-31 Procter & Gamble Sposób i urządzenie do wytworzenia struktur chłonnych z materiałem chłonnym
ES2484695T5 (es) 2011-06-10 2018-02-13 The Procter & Gamble Company Pañal desechable que tiene una unión reducida entre el núcleo absorbente y la lámina de respaldo
JP5940655B2 (ja) 2011-06-10 2016-06-29 ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー 使い捨て吸収性物品のための吸収性コア
US9339420B2 (en) 2011-06-23 2016-05-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Disposable absorbent article with side lying leakage improvement
US10562281B2 (en) 2011-08-02 2020-02-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Cooling signal device for use in an absorbent article
US9138358B2 (en) 2011-08-26 2015-09-22 Jenny K. CATOE Cloth diaper
US8911681B2 (en) 2011-09-12 2014-12-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Wetness indicator having varied hues
US9119748B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2015-09-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Electronic discriminating device for body exudate detection
US8816149B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2014-08-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. System for detection and monitoring of body exudates using a gas emitting substance for use in interactive toilet training
US8933292B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2015-01-13 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article with sensor array for body exudate detection
US9498384B2 (en) 2011-12-01 2016-11-22 Leigh E. Wood Assembled intermediate comprising staple fiber nonwoven web and articles
US9763837B2 (en) 2011-12-01 2017-09-19 Sca Hygiene Products Ab Absorbent article having fluid flow control member
US8754005B2 (en) 2012-08-28 2014-06-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Color-changing composition and material
WO2014033589A2 (en) 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of manufacture of article for delivering health-benefit agent
CA2994492C (en) 2012-11-13 2019-12-31 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels and signals
US9301884B2 (en) 2012-12-05 2016-04-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Liquid detection system having a signaling device and an absorbent article with graphics
US9216116B2 (en) 2012-12-10 2015-12-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels
US10639215B2 (en) 2012-12-10 2020-05-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels and/or pockets
US9216118B2 (en) 2012-12-10 2015-12-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels and/or pockets
US8979815B2 (en) 2012-12-10 2015-03-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels
US10441479B2 (en) 2013-05-03 2019-10-15 Knix Wear Inc. Absorbent garment
DE202014011107U1 (de) 2013-06-14 2017-12-15 The Procter & Gamble Company Bei Nässe Kanäle bildender absorbierender Artikel und absorbierender Kern
US9987176B2 (en) 2013-08-27 2018-06-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels
US10335324B2 (en) 2013-08-27 2019-07-02 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels
WO2015039062A1 (en) 2013-09-16 2015-03-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with channels and signals
US9339424B2 (en) 2013-10-24 2016-05-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having an absorbent assembly with integral containment flaps
US9820889B2 (en) 2013-10-31 2017-11-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of manufacturing an absorbent article having fully encircling bodyside and garment-side waistband
US9265669B2 (en) 2013-10-31 2016-02-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having fully encircling bodyside and garment-side waistband
US9320655B2 (en) 2013-11-27 2016-04-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of manufacturing an absorbent article having a fin seam
US10327963B2 (en) 2014-01-31 2019-06-25 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having a zoned attachment area for securing an absorbent assembly to a chassis
EP2905001B1 (en) 2014-02-11 2017-01-04 The Procter and Gamble Company Method and apparatus for making an absorbent structure comprising channels
US9789010B2 (en) 2014-03-31 2017-10-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having a tear away section
US9320657B2 (en) 2014-03-31 2016-04-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having interconnected waist and leg bands
EP2949299B1 (en) 2014-05-27 2017-08-02 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent core with absorbent material pattern
EP2949300B1 (en) 2014-05-27 2017-08-02 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent core with absorbent material pattern
US11154433B2 (en) 2014-10-31 2021-10-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Disposable article with reinforced handle
RU2666104C1 (ru) 2015-01-23 2018-09-05 Кимберли-Кларк Ворлдвайд, Инк. Способ изготовления впитывающих структур с перемычками
KR102587532B1 (ko) 2015-02-27 2023-10-11 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. 흡수 용품 누설 평가 시스템
US10736795B2 (en) 2015-05-12 2020-08-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article with improved core-to-backsheet adhesive
EP3302387B1 (en) 2015-05-29 2020-11-18 The Procter and Gamble Company Absorbent articles having channels and wetness indicator
MX2018006133A (es) 2015-12-02 2018-08-15 Kimberly Clark Co Laminado de distribucion de adquisicion mejorado.
US10660802B2 (en) 2015-12-30 2020-05-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article side panel method of fastening
MX2019010970A (es) 2017-04-05 2019-12-16 Kimberly Clark Co Prenda para detectar fugas en un articulo absorbente y metodos para detectar fugas del articulo absorbente usando la misma.
WO2020242475A1 (en) 2019-05-30 2020-12-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Apparatuses and methods for manufacturing absorbent structures including flexible masking media
US11154431B1 (en) 2020-11-06 2021-10-26 Mast Industries (Far East) Limited Absorbent garment and method of manufacture thereof
US11497263B1 (en) 2021-07-08 2022-11-15 Knix Wear Inc. Garments with moisture capture assemblies and associated methods
US11590034B2 (en) 2021-07-08 2023-02-28 Knix Wear Inc. Reusable absorbent accessories and associated methods
CA3135873C (en) 2021-10-25 2024-02-27 Knix Wear Inc. Garments with moisture capture assemblies and associated methods

Family Cites Families (130)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3338992A (en) * 1959-12-15 1967-08-29 Du Pont Process for forming non-woven filamentary structures from fiber-forming synthetic organic polymers
US3502763A (en) * 1962-02-03 1970-03-24 Freudenberg Carl Kg Process of producing non-woven fabric fleece
US3341394A (en) * 1966-12-21 1967-09-12 Du Pont Sheets of randomly distributed continuous filaments
US3542615A (en) * 1967-06-16 1970-11-24 Monsanto Co Process for producing a nylon non-woven fabric
US3849241A (en) * 1968-12-23 1974-11-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Non-woven mats by melt blowing
DE2048006B2 (de) * 1969-10-01 1980-10-30 Asahi Kasei Kogyo K.K., Osaka (Japan) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer breiten Vliesbahn
DE1950669C3 (de) * 1969-10-08 1982-05-13 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zur Vliesherstellung
US4100324A (en) * 1974-03-26 1978-07-11 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven fabric and method of producing same
US4540414A (en) * 1977-10-21 1985-09-10 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for absorbing moisture
US4340563A (en) * 1980-05-05 1982-07-20 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Method for forming nonwoven webs
DE3044631A1 (de) * 1980-11-27 1982-06-03 Fa. Carl Freudenberg, 6940 Weinheim Vliesstoff mit dochtwirkung
JPS57209054A (en) * 1981-06-18 1982-12-22 Lion Corp Absorbable article
US4397644A (en) * 1982-02-04 1983-08-09 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Sanitary napkin with improved comfort
US4500315A (en) * 1982-11-08 1985-02-19 Personal Products Company Superthin absorbent product
US4537590A (en) * 1982-11-08 1985-08-27 Personal Products Company Superthin absorbent product
US4636209A (en) * 1983-03-07 1987-01-13 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Sanitary napkin with fluid transfer layer
US4573988A (en) * 1983-06-20 1986-03-04 Personal Products Company Superthin absorbent product
US4938756A (en) * 1983-08-10 1990-07-03 Chicopee Auxiliary absorbent article
US4578070A (en) * 1983-08-15 1986-03-25 Personal Products Company Absorbent structure containing corrugated web layers
US4842594A (en) * 1983-08-24 1989-06-27 Chicopee Absorbent article with internal wicking means
US4880419A (en) * 1983-08-24 1989-11-14 Chicopee Absorbent article with internal wicking means
US4685914A (en) * 1983-09-23 1987-08-11 Personal Products Company Disposable urinary pad
US4681577A (en) * 1983-09-23 1987-07-21 Personal Products Company Disposable urinary and fecal waste containment product
US4531945A (en) * 1983-10-31 1985-07-30 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Multi layer sanitary appliance
US4670011A (en) * 1983-12-01 1987-06-02 Personal Products Company Disposable diaper with folded absorbent batt
US4755178A (en) * 1984-03-29 1988-07-05 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Sorbent sheet material
US4699619A (en) * 1984-08-31 1987-10-13 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Absorbent structure designed for absorbing body fluids
US5176668A (en) * 1984-04-13 1993-01-05 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Absorbent structure designed for absorbing body fluids
US4818464A (en) * 1984-08-30 1989-04-04 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Extrusion process using a central air jet
US4650479A (en) * 1984-09-04 1987-03-17 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Sorbent sheet product
US4723953A (en) * 1985-01-07 1988-02-09 Rocky Mountain Medical Corporation Absorbent pad
PH23956A (en) * 1985-05-15 1990-01-23 Procter & Gamble Absorbent articles with dual layered cores
US4637819A (en) * 1985-05-31 1987-01-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Macroscopically expanded three-dimensional polymeric web for transmitting both dynamically deposited and statically contacted fluids from one surface to the other
JPH0751142B2 (ja) * 1985-07-31 1995-06-05 メ−ルンリユ−ケ・ア−ベ− おむつ、衛生ナプキン等の如き使い捨て物品用吸収体
US5047023A (en) * 1986-07-18 1991-09-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent members having low density and basis weight acquisition zones
US4834735A (en) * 1986-07-18 1989-05-30 The Proctor & Gamble Company High density absorbent members having lower density and lower basis weight acquisition zones
US4908026A (en) * 1986-12-22 1990-03-13 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Flow distribution system for absorbent pads
US5162074A (en) * 1987-10-02 1992-11-10 Basf Corporation Method of making plural component fibers
US4798603A (en) * 1987-10-16 1989-01-17 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Absorbent article having a hydrophobic transport layer
US4935022A (en) * 1988-02-11 1990-06-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Thin absorbent articles containing gelling agent
US4950264A (en) * 1988-03-31 1990-08-21 The Procter & Gamble Company Thin, flexible sanitary napkin
US5009653A (en) * 1988-03-31 1991-04-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Thin, flexible sanitary napkin
US4883707A (en) 1988-04-21 1989-11-28 James River Corporation High loft nonwoven fabric
DK245488D0 (da) * 1988-05-05 1988-05-05 Danaklon As Syntetisk fiber samt fremgangsmaade til fremstilling deraf
US4988344A (en) * 1988-05-24 1991-01-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with multiple layer absorbent layers
US4988345A (en) * 1988-05-24 1991-01-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles with rapid acquiring absorbent cores
US5134007A (en) * 1988-05-24 1992-07-28 The Procter & Gamble Company Multiple layer absorbent cores for absorbent articles
US4904249A (en) * 1988-06-06 1990-02-27 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Absorbent undergarment with fluid transfer layer and elasticized crotch design
US4892534A (en) * 1988-12-30 1990-01-09 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven web useful as a bodyside liner for an absorption article
US5069970A (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-12-03 Allied-Signal Inc. Fibers and filters containing said fibers
US5972505A (en) 1989-04-04 1999-10-26 Eastman Chemical Company Fibers capable of spontaneously transporting fluids
JP2682130B2 (ja) * 1989-04-25 1997-11-26 三井石油化学工業株式会社 柔軟な長繊維不織布
US5108827A (en) * 1989-04-28 1992-04-28 Fiberweb North America, Inc. Strong nonwoven fabrics from engineered multiconstituent fibers
CA2014203C (en) * 1989-05-08 2000-03-21 Margaret Gwyn Latimer Absorbent structure having improved fluid surge management and product incorporating same
US5124197A (en) * 1989-07-28 1992-06-23 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Inflated cellulose fiber web possessing improved vertical wicking properties
US5062839A (en) * 1989-09-29 1991-11-05 Dora Anderson Disposable training panty with controlled wetness release
US5334176A (en) * 1991-07-23 1994-08-02 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent core for use in catamenial products
US5057368A (en) * 1989-12-21 1991-10-15 Allied-Signal Filaments having trilobal or quadrilobal cross-sections
US5030229A (en) * 1990-01-12 1991-07-09 Chicopee Disposable urinary pad
US5188624A (en) * 1990-01-16 1993-02-23 Weyerhaeuser Company Absorbent article with superabsorbent particle containing insert pad and liquid dispersion pad
US5360420A (en) * 1990-01-23 1994-11-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent structures containing stiffened fibers and superabsorbent material
US5217445A (en) * 1990-01-23 1993-06-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent structures containing superabsorbent material and web of wetlaid stiffened fibers
KR100198380B1 (ko) * 1990-02-20 1999-06-15 데이비드 엠 모이어 개방된 모관로 구조물, 모관로 구조물을 제조하기 위한 개선된 방법 및 그 방법에 사용하기 위한 압출 다이
SE501146C2 (sv) * 1990-03-26 1994-11-28 Moelnlycke Ab Absorberande alster, såsom dambinda och inkontinensskydd, innefattande en absorptionskropp uppbyggd av två skilda absorptionsskikt
US4994037A (en) * 1990-07-09 1991-02-19 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Absorbent structure designed for absorbing body fluids
US5037409A (en) * 1990-07-12 1991-08-06 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Absorbent article having a hydrophilic flow-modulating layer
US5248309A (en) * 1990-07-19 1993-09-28 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Thin sanitary napkin having a central absorbent zone and a method of forming the napkin
JP2810772B2 (ja) * 1990-08-01 1998-10-15 花王株式会社 吸収性物品
US5382245A (en) * 1991-07-23 1995-01-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles, especially catamenials, having improved fluid directionality
US5257982A (en) * 1990-12-26 1993-11-02 Hercules Incorporated Fluid absorbing article utilizing a flow control cover sheet
US5300054A (en) * 1991-01-03 1994-04-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article having rapid acquiring, wrapped multiple layer absorbent body
WO1992011830A2 (en) * 1991-01-03 1992-07-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article having rapid acquiring, multiple layer absorbent core
US5460622A (en) * 1991-01-03 1995-10-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article having blended multi-layer absorbent structure with improved integrity
US5486167A (en) * 1991-01-03 1996-01-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article having blended multi-layer absorbent structure with improved integrity
US5242435A (en) * 1991-01-04 1993-09-07 Johnson & Johnson Inc. Highly absorbent and flexible cellulosic pulp fluff sheet
MX9200798A (es) * 1991-02-26 1992-08-01 Weyerhaeuser Co Producto absorbente.
US5171391A (en) * 1991-02-26 1992-12-15 Weyerhaeuser Company Method of making an absorbent product
CA2073849C (en) * 1991-07-23 1997-12-23 Clemson University Research Foundation Fluid handling structure for use in absorbent articles
CA2073815C (en) * 1991-07-23 1998-05-05 Clemson University Research Foundation Absorbent articles, especially catamenials, having improved fluid directionality, comfort and fit
US5366451A (en) * 1991-08-02 1994-11-22 Johnson & Johnson Inc. Disposable absorbent product
US5147345A (en) * 1991-08-12 1992-09-15 The Procter & Gamble Company High efficiency absorbent articles for incontinence management
US5192606A (en) * 1991-09-11 1993-03-09 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Absorbent article having a liner which exhibits improved softness and dryness, and provides for rapid uptake of liquid
ZA92308B (en) 1991-09-11 1992-10-28 Kimberly Clark Co Thin absorbent article having rapid uptake of liquid
EP0539703B2 (en) 1991-09-11 2005-10-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article
US5330457A (en) * 1991-09-30 1994-07-19 Hercules Incorporated Enhanced core utilization in absorbent products
US5277976A (en) * 1991-10-07 1994-01-11 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Oriented profile fibers
US5514120A (en) 1991-12-18 1996-05-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Liquid management member for absorbent articles
US5342336A (en) * 1991-12-19 1994-08-30 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Absorbent structure for masking and distributing a liquid
US5514105A (en) 1992-01-03 1996-05-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Resilient plastic web exhibiting reduced skin contact area and enhanced fluid transfer properties
JP2702852B2 (ja) 1992-07-31 1998-01-26 花王株式会社 吸収性物品
US5382400A (en) * 1992-08-21 1995-01-17 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven multicomponent polymeric fabric and method for making same
US5336552A (en) * 1992-08-26 1994-08-09 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven fabric made with multicomponent polymeric strands including a blend of polyolefin and ethylene alkyl acrylate copolymer
USH1511H (en) * 1992-09-10 1995-12-05 Chappell; Charles W. Absorbent articles having improved longitudinal fluid movement
US5368926A (en) * 1992-09-10 1994-11-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Fluid accepting, transporting, and retaining structure
FR2698385B1 (fr) 1992-11-20 1995-02-10 Peaudouce Matériau non tissé composite et son application à tout article d'hygiène absorbant.
US5466513A (en) * 1992-12-18 1995-11-14 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Multi-layer absorbent composite
US5294478A (en) * 1992-12-18 1994-03-15 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Multi-layer absorbent composite
USH1377H (en) * 1993-02-25 1994-11-01 Perry; Bruce F. Absorbent article with multi-functional topsheet
US5342334A (en) * 1993-04-02 1994-08-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Coextruded three-dimensional fluid-pervious plastic web
US5348547A (en) * 1993-04-05 1994-09-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent members having improved fluid distribution via low density and basis weight acquisition zones
US5350370A (en) * 1993-04-30 1994-09-27 Kimberly-Clark Corporation High wicking liquid absorbent composite
TW329666U (en) * 1993-05-12 1998-04-11 Kimberly Clark Co Absorbent article having enhanced wicking capability
ES2128570T3 (es) 1993-06-28 1999-05-16 Procter & Gamble Articulo absorbente con medios para la distribucion direccional de los fluidos.
NZ268535A (en) 1993-06-30 1998-05-27 Procter & Gamble Absorbent article comprising layers of superabsorbent material
JP4176145B2 (ja) 1993-10-21 2008-11-05 ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー 月経吸収性構造
US5536264A (en) 1993-10-22 1996-07-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent composites comprising a porous macrostructure of absorbent gelling particles and a substrate
EP0729334B1 (en) 1993-11-17 2003-03-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Corrugated capillary substrate having selectively disposed discrete parts of osmotic absorbent material
CA2138584C (en) * 1993-12-30 2006-08-15 Wanda Walton Jackson Apertured film/nonwoven composite for personal care absorbent articles and the like
US5525407A (en) 1994-01-03 1996-06-11 Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. Integrated absorbent structures with density and liquid affinity gradients
US5562650A (en) * 1994-03-04 1996-10-08 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Absorbent article having an improved surge management
ES2136214T3 (es) 1994-03-04 1999-11-16 Kimberly Clark Co Tela no tejida fibrosa con control mejorado de derramamiento de liquido para articulos absorbentes de higiene personal y similares.
US5486166A (en) * 1994-03-04 1996-01-23 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Fibrous nonwoven web surge layer for personal care absorbent articles and the like
US5599335A (en) 1994-03-29 1997-02-04 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent members for body fluids having good wet integrity and relatively high concentrations of hydrogel-forming absorbent polymer
IN192766B (zh) 1994-04-29 2004-05-15 Clemson Niversit Res Foundatio
US5540979A (en) 1994-05-16 1996-07-30 Yahiaoui; Ali Porous non-woven bovine blood-oxalate absorbent structure
US5601545A (en) 1994-06-29 1997-02-11 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Disposable absorbent article with improved waist containment and gasketing
US5505719A (en) 1994-06-30 1996-04-09 Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. Multilayered absorbent structures
CA2147685A1 (en) 1994-08-10 1996-02-11 Rand Emil Meirowitz Fiber structure for transporting a liquid
US5527300A (en) 1994-08-31 1996-06-18 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Absorbent article with high capacity surge management component
JPH10505262A (ja) 1994-08-31 1998-05-26 キンバリー クラーク ワールドワイド インコーポレイテッド 吸上げおよび圧潰抵抗特性を有する薄い吸収性物品
WO1996015748A2 (en) 1994-11-23 1996-05-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent article having a composite absorbent core
MY116007A (en) 1994-12-28 2003-10-31 Kao Corp Absorbent sheet, process for producing the same and absorbent article
US5549589A (en) 1995-02-03 1996-08-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Fluid distribution member for absorbent articles exhibiting high suction and high capacity
US5643238A (en) 1995-09-29 1997-07-01 Paragon Trade Brands, Inc. Absorbent core structure comprised of storage and acquisition cells
US5658268A (en) 1995-10-31 1997-08-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Enhanced wet signal response in absorbent articles
US5665082A (en) 1995-11-01 1997-09-09 Johnson & Johnson Inc. Highly absorbent transfer layer structure
US5843852A (en) * 1995-12-21 1998-12-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent structure for liquid distribution
US5879343A (en) * 1996-11-22 1999-03-09 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Highly efficient surge material for absorbent articles
US5843063A (en) * 1996-11-22 1998-12-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Multifunctional absorbent material and products made therefrom
US5964743A (en) * 1997-02-27 1999-10-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Elastic absorbent material for personal care products

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0952800A1 (en) 1999-11-03
DE69738541D1 (de) 2008-04-17
ID23975A (id) 2000-06-14
US5820973A (en) 1998-10-13
DE69738541T2 (de) 2009-03-26
EP0952800B1 (en) 2008-02-27
WO1998022068A1 (en) 1998-05-28
RU2192834C2 (ru) 2002-11-20
CA2269805A1 (en) 1998-05-28
AR010629A1 (es) 2000-06-28
AU723912C (en) 2001-11-15
AU7297898A (en) 1998-06-10
USRE39919E1 (en) 2007-11-13
PL186431B1 (pl) 2004-01-30
TR199901138T2 (xx) 1999-07-21
BR9713392A (pt) 2000-03-21
CA2269805C (en) 2005-06-14
CN1170513C (zh) 2004-10-13
AU723912B2 (en) 2000-09-07
KR20000069073A (ko) 2000-11-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1170513C (zh) 吸收制品用非均匀激增液体缓冲控制材料
CN1217633C (zh) 吸收制品用高效激增液体缓冲控制材料
RU2183443C2 (ru) Многофункциональный абсорбирующий материал и изделия, изготовленные из него
RU2655241C2 (ru) Гидроспутанные волокнистые структуры
CN1223326C (zh) 吸收性物品
CN1929801A (zh) 一种包括含有吸液热塑性组合物的边缘阻挡元件的吸收制品
CN1599585A (zh) 具有提供用于改进流体分布的插入件的吸收制品
CN1230103A (zh) 改善储存低和中等粘度粪便的能力的一次性吸湿用品
CN1599587A (zh) 具有长丝和细纤维的顶片
KR20000069069A (ko) 조절가능한 충전 패턴을 갖는 흡수용품
CN1617696A (zh) 非编织的透气性复合垫料及其制造方法
CN109310554A (zh) 具有带开口的吸收系统的吸收制品
CN1246045C (zh) 用于个人护理产品的由木浆和合成纤维构成的吸收复合材料
CN108882998A (zh) 吸收制品
CN1913859A (zh) 吸收性物品
CN108472164A (zh) 具有通道的吸收制品
CN1231193C (zh) 多层衬垫以及含有所述多层衬垫的个人护理产品
US20220133555A1 (en) Absorbent structure comprising co-formed layer
JP3025259U (ja) 吸水性パッド
AU716607C (en) Highly efficient surge material for absorbent articles
MXPA99004376A (en) Heterogeneous surge material for absorbent articles
MXPA99004560A (en) Highly efficient surge material for absorbent articles
MXPA99004329A (en) Absorbent articles with controllable fill patterns
CN1210161A (zh) 无纺织物和由其制成的吸收性物品

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20041013

Termination date: 20161121

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee