CN1257585A - 光纤连接器和适配器 - Google Patents
光纤连接器和适配器 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3833—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
- G02B6/3847—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture with means preventing fibre end damage, e.g. recessed fibre surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/245—Removing protective coverings of light guides before coupling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/381—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres
- G02B6/3818—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres of a low-reflection-loss type
- G02B6/3821—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres of a low-reflection-loss type with axial spring biasing or loading means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/381—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres
- G02B6/3825—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres with an intermediate part, e.g. adapter, receptacle, linking two plugs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3873—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls
- G02B6/3874—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls using tubes, sleeves to align ferrules
- G02B6/3878—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls using tubes, sleeves to align ferrules comprising a plurality of ferrules, branching and break-out means
- G02B6/3879—Linking of individual connector plugs to an overconnector, e.g. using clamps, clips, common housings comprising several individual connector plugs
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/381—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3873—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls
- G02B6/3874—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls using tubes, sleeves to align ferrules
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3873—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls
- G02B6/3874—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls using tubes, sleeves to align ferrules
- G02B6/3878—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls using tubes, sleeves to align ferrules comprising a plurality of ferrules, branching and break-out means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3887—Anchoring optical cables to connector housings, e.g. strain relief features
- G02B6/3888—Protection from over-extension or over-compression
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/389—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs characterised by the method of fastening connecting plugs and sockets, e.g. screw- or nut-lock, snap-in, bayonet type
- G02B6/3893—Push-pull type, e.g. snap-in, push-on
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
Abstract
一种光纤连接器和适配器组件(10),包括一位于一适配器(14)中的光纤连接器(12)。连接器具有位于所述连接器罩壳(50)上的一盖(66)。此盖在打开位置和关闭位置之间枢转以分别露出或盖住连接器中的一根光纤(60)。连接器纵引导件(64)设置成与适配器纵引导件(42,42′)协作而使连接器与适配器对齐。一凸轮杆(46)位装于所述适配器上而与盖上的一凸轮杆容纳槽(68)相配合,当连接器插入适配器时可将盖推到关闭位置。
Description
I.发明背景
1.发明领域
本发明涉及用于光纤的连接器和适配器。具体地说,本发明涉及这样的一些连接器和适配器,该连接器和适配器包括当连接器未插入一匹配适配器时盖住连接器或适配器一端的端盖。
2.现有技术
光纤连接器从来都具有裸露的端部。而且,内装这些连接器的适配器一般都会露出内部部件。露出的端部和内部部件包括光纤末端。因此,这些末端可能受到碰撞之类的损坏。而且,通过光纤所传导的光可能意外地照到一工程师的眼睛中或其它看着光纤或适配器的人员的眼中。
现有技术已开发出在连接器不使用时盖住光纤的端盖。在1994年9月20日授予Marazzi等人的美国专利5,348,487中就揭示了这样一例端盖。′487专利的图5和图6示出了两种类型的端盖,当端盖处于一适配器中时它们可转到一打开位置。图7和8示出了一个实施例,其中一端盖6可枢转到一打开位置,然后向后滑以露出一铁箍5。在图9中示出了用于该连接器的一个适配器。该适配器包括一外壳16和一内壳15。内壳15包括一用于容纳端盖6上的销29的槽30。当连接器位于适配器中时,槽30可使端盖6转动和滑动。而且,适配器包括一内门32(示出在图10中),当一连接器1从适配器上拆除时它可盖住内铁箍2。当将一连接器1放入适配器中时,端盖转动并滑到一打开位置,而此门转到一打开位置。在美国专利5,420,951和5,363,460中也可发现这些结构的其它例子。这些专利都示出了连接在适配器中的光纤连接器。虽然不是SC适配器,但这些专利中所示的适配器的尺寸都制成为其横截面轮廓(例如足印)与所谓的SC适配器一样。在转让给本申请的美国专利5,317,663中示出了一SC适配器。
SC适配器都是标准的工业适配器,它们具有一固定的外部尺寸和几何形状。上述的′951,′487和′460专利的结构具有端盖和内门以阻挡光或保护连接器中的元件。然而,实现这些功能的方式都限制了光纤连接器的密度。即,在那些专利中,仅在一个适配器中光学地连接一对连接器。而在该产业中,需要在一个适配器光学连接两对连接器。所以本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于连接器和适配器的保护盖和门,其结构可使一个尺寸大小与标准尺寸SC适配器一样的适配器中连接两对连接器。
II.发明概述
根据本发明的较佳实施例,一光纤连接器和适配器组件包括一光纤连接器和设置在连接器罩壳中的一光纤。在连接器罩壳中置有一盖,该盖可在一打开和关闭位置之间转动。在关闭位置,盖可使连接器罩壳上的一个开口关闭。在打开位置,该盖可露出开口。连接器罩壳包括一与连接器罩壳纵轴线对齐的纵向导向件。该盖还包括一凸轮杆容纳槽。适配器包括一其尺寸大小可容纳连接器罩壳的适配器罩壳。一光纤连接机构可容纳在适配器内部以与一插入的连接器的光纤对齐。适配器罩壳还包括一纵向导向件,该导向件可具有一连接器纵导向件以使连接器与适配器光纤连接机构轴向对齐。适配器罩壳还包括一位于可容纳在凸轮杆容纳槽中的内部空间中的凸轮杆,当连接器罩壳插入适配器罩壳时可将盖从一关闭位置推到一打开位置。
III.附图的简述
图1是一连接器/适配器组件的立体图,包括含有两对光学连接的连接器的一SC适配器;
图2是图1所示连接器/适配器组件的端视图;
图3是沿图2中线3-3的视图;
图4是沿图3中线4-4的视图;
图5是用于图1所示组件中的连接器的前视图、俯视图和侧视图,并且端盖处于打开位置;
图6是与图5类似的视图,其中端盖处于关闭位置;
图7是图5所示连接器的分解立体图;
图8是图6所示连接器的前视图;
图9是沿图8中线9-9的视图;
图10是与图5类似的视图,示出了含有一铁箍的本发明连接器的另一实施例;
图11是图10类似的视图,其中端盖处于打开位置;
图12是图11所示连接器的端视图;
图13是沿图12中线13-13的视图;
图14是图10中连接器的分解立体图;
图15是图3类似的视图,示出了连接器和适配器的另一实施例;
图16是沿图15中线16-16的视图;
图17是图1组件中适配器的立体图;
图18是图17中适配器的端视图,并且一门处于关闭位置;
图19是沿图18中线19-19的视图;
图20是沿图19中线20-20的视图;
图21是与图19类似的视图,示出了适配器的另一实施例;
图22是沿图21中线22-22的视图;
图23是一侧视图,其中以阴影线示出刚开始插入图21所示适配器中的图11中连接器的内部元件;
图24是与图23类似的视图,表示连接器进一步插入到一端盖大致向一打开位置转动的位置处;
图25是与图24类似的视图,示出了连接器进一步插到一个位置,在该位置适配器的内门处于完全打开位置而端盖尚未转到一完全打开位置;
图26是与图25类似的视图,示出了进一步插入到门转开一半的位置;以及
图27是与图26类似的视图,表示连接器进一步插入到适配器中,并且适配器的门和连接器的端盖都处于完全打开位置。
IV.较佳实施例的描述
先参见图1-4,图中所示的一连接器/适配器组件10包括位于一个适配器14中的四个光纤连接器12(每个结构都相同)。适配器14的外部几何形状与美国专利5,317,663所示的相同。换言之,适配器14的横截面积与美国专利5,317,663所示的一标准SC适配器相同,这样适配器14可插入到位于美国专利5,317,663中容纳现有SC适配器的现有应用中。
请参见图17-20,适配器14分别示于这些图中。适配器14包括连接在一凸缘18处的两半16、16′。凸缘18可位于一金属片支撑件中,这样多个适配器14可在一金属板片中并排对齐地放置。较佳地,当两半16、16′连接在一起时,两半16、16′之间的分隔线采用超声波焊焊接在一起,这样两半16、16′形成一不可分离的牢固的适配器14。
适配器的顶、底壁20、21和侧壁36构成具有一纵轴线X-X的一适配器罩壳。适配器14具有与轴线X-X垂直的大致矩形的横截面,该矩形的长轴线为Y-Y,短轴线为Z-Z。一内壁22可沿纵线轴X-X延伸并且垂直于长轴线Y-Y。壁22可将适配器罩壳内部分为第一和第二对腔室24、24a和24′、24a′。插在相对腔室24、24a中的连接器都是光学连接的。同样,插入相对腔室24′、24a′的类似连接器也都是光学连接的。
腔室24、24′由含有光纤连接机构28、28′的内壁段26与相对腔室24a、24a′分开。在图17-20所示的实施例中,光纤连接机构28、28′是一位于一圆柱形罩壳31、31′中的毛细管套29、29′。毛细管套29、29′具有一容纳一光纤的内孔30、30′。毛细管套29、29′都与平行于纵轴线X-X的轴线对齐并且位于腔室24、24′中心(相对于长横贯轴线Y-Y而言)。毛细管套包括一用于容纳一种分度匹配液体的容器35、35′以在插进孔30、30′的相对光纤之间提供分度匹配。一O形环53、53′包围着壁26处的圆柱形罩壳31、31′的外部。O形环53、53′的外径尺寸大于连接器12的前开口58直径(图5)。
采用位于适配器14中的毛细管套29、29′是为了用于如图1-4所示的那些所谓的非铁箍式连接器。可以理解,本发明还可用于含有铁箍的连接器。在这样一个实施例中,光纤连接机构28并不是一个毛细管套,而是包括一用于容纳包含在连接器中的铁箍的分隔套29a、29a′。这一实施例示出在图21-22中。
门38都可以枢转固定于上壁20上以在一打开位置(如图18所示的在适配器右侧)和一关闭位置(如图18所示的在适配器左侧)之间枢转。门38的尺寸大小做成当处于关闭位置时门38可挡住适配器14开口端通向光纤连接机构28的直接视线。因此,当光纤连接器连接到光纤连接机构28的一侧时(例如图12所示的右侧),在相对侧关闭的门38可防止一工程师直接看到光纤连接机构28相对端的光线。门38由弹簧39作用到图18所示的关闭位置。装在壁36、22的相对内表面上的挡柱40可限制门38越过打开位置的运动。
适配器14还包括呈纵向延伸导轨的适配器纵引导件42、42′,这些导轨可靠近下壁21的纵轴线X-X平行延伸。在适配器14的开口端,上壁20具有内部延伸的突起44,以将一连接器如所述地锁定在位。同样,壁36、22的相对内表面包括凸轮杆46(其目的如下所述)。门38包括切口边,这样当门38枢转到关闭位置时,门38可自由地经过凸轮杆46和适配器纵引导件42。
参见图5-9,连接器12包括一外连接器罩壳50。连接器50具有一纵轴线X′-X′并具有一长横贯轴线Y′-Y′和短横贯轴线Z′-Z′的前端52。长横贯轴线Y′-Y′可从底壁54伸到一顶边56。前端52包括一连接器开口58,光纤60的末端可伸过其中。光纤60是一连接到连接器12上的光缆62所携带的一光纤的延伸段。
在连接器12中,光纤60经过一心轴51和一束缚件57而形成两个束缚区以束缚在电缆的加强光纤(未示)和内部9毫米光纤63上。一应力释放套65包围心轴51和电缆62。罩壳50内部包括一内腔67(图9),当相对连接器12光学连接而相对光纤紧靠在毛细管套29中时可允许光纤60有少量位移。
为了增加复位损失,光纤60是成角度劈开的。当相对光纤60配合在毛细管套29、29′的分度匹配液体中时,成角度的匹配表面可略微重叠(例如,有几微米的重叠)。由连接光纤所产生的机械应力可由腔室67中所容纳的光纤60的弹性来克服。
在前端52处的孔58是进入一圆柱形腔69(图9)的入口,其尺寸可使其与适配器的圆柱形罩壳31外径之间形成紧配合。一O形环55容纳在腔69中。O形环的外径大于腔69的内径。O形环53的内径小于圆柱形罩壳31的外径。O形环53的外径大于开口58的直径。如图3和4所示,当连接器12完全插入时,O形环53挤入开口58中。同时,O形环55挤入。O形环53、55可防止潮气或水进入光纤接头。参见图3和4,可以理解,O形环53、55协作而形成圆周向和轴向密封。
罩壳50的尺寸大小可容纳在适配器14的任一个腔室24、24a、24′和24a′中。连接器12包括一位于连接器罩壳50的相对侧上呈纵向延伸槽64形式的一连接器纵引导件。槽64都平行于纵轴线X′-X′并且与下壁54分开。当连接器12插入适配器14中并且基部54紧靠下壁21、以及连接器12的长横贯轴线Y′-Y′与适配器14的短横贯轴线Z-Z平行对齐时,槽64可容纳导轨42、42′。
一盖66枢转固定到连接器罩壳50上以绕一平行于轴线Z′-Z′并与前面52向后分开的轴线Z″-Z″枢转。图5示出了处于打开位置而露出开口58和光纤60的盖66。图6示出了当盖66转到使开口58关闭以及盖住光纤60的一关闭位置时的盖66。
盖66包括一位于轴线Z″-Z″处的凸轮杆容纳槽68。如下文进一步所述的,当盖66处于关闭位置、而连接器12插入适配器14时,槽68可容纳杆46。杆46可使盖66转到打开位置,在该处当进一步插入时杆46退出槽68。从适配器14拆除连接器12可使作用相反,这样杆46可使盖66枢转到关闭位置。
如图7所示,罩壳50包括两个门扣70、72。盖66包括一销74。门扣70、72和销74相互定位,这样当盖66处于关闭位置时,销74容纳在门扣72中。当盖66处于打开位置时,销74容纳在门扣70中。销74在门扣70、72中定位可起到将盖66保持在一固定位置上的作用(例如保持在打开位置或关闭位置)。
边56包括一向前伸出的凸轮表面76和一切口部位78。凸轮表面76设置成当连接器12插入适配器14中时可与盖38配合。当连接器12完全插入适配器14且盖66处于完全打开位置时,切口78可容纳枢转的盖66。
就现有的连接器而言,已设置了卡锁以将一连接器固定到一适配器上。然而,这些卡锁一般具有光纤可能会移入其中的空隙并且可能被卡住或夹住。本发明采用了连接夹80,该夹具有一自由端82和固定到罩壳50上的端部84。自由端82位于前端52和端部84之间,这样悬臂夹80是朝前的。夹80包括一在自由端82处的斜表面86以当完全插入时与适配器14的突脊44配合。夹80的压缩可使斜边86从凸脊44中退出,这样可拆出连接器12。
导轨42位于槽64中以引导和使连接器12沿着轴线X′-X′
的所需方向移动。自由端82包括一切口以使自由端82可以紧配合方式通过边56(在图9中所间隙83表示),这样边56和自由端82的相对表面可由一小于电缆62直径的间隙83分开。因此,电缆62不会意外地移入连接器罩壳50和夹80相对表面之间所形成的空间85中(图9)。
由于所述的结构,两个连接器12可并排置入一适配器14中。因此,连接器12可分别移动或插入。但时常需要连接相邻的连接器12,因此它们可同时插入或拆出。可设置一连接夹100(图1-4)。夹100包括一本体部分102,该本体部分的尺寸大小可与相邻连接器罩壳50之间的一空隙配合,其结构可与连接器罩壳50的相对表面配合。销104(图4)从本体部分102伸出并且伸入连接器罩壳50中的孔105中(图5)。夹100还包括一帽盖107以罩住相邻连接器12的上表面。因此,夹100可固定连接两个连接器12,这样它们可同时拆除或插入。可以理解,可以选择夹100以根据工程技术人员的意愿分别或同时拆除或更换连接器12。
由于如上所述的结构,两个连接器12可置于一个适配器14中,该适配器具有与现有结构的SC适配器相同的足印。而且,两个连接器12包括用于盖住位于连接器中的光纤60的枢转端盖66。适配器14包括一枢转门38,用于盖住内光纤部件上并且挡住工程技术人员看到这些部件的视线。
上文中涉及了一非铁箍式连接器12和匹配适配器14。本发明还可应用于一含铁箍连接器12′和匹配适配器14′。这些如图1-21所示。这一实施例与前述实施例中相同的部件在此不再重复描述,并且用相同的标号加上撇号以作区别。
连接器12′分别示于图10-14中。适配器14′示于图21和22中。图15和16示出了连接器12′和适配器14′的组件。
与连接器12不同,连接器12′包括一轴向布置于腔69′中并且伸出前端52′的铁箍13′。铁箍13′位于一套筒15′中,该套筒由一弹簧17′作用而与一心轴51′偏置。光纤60′穿过铁箍13′。适配器14′包含一分裂套筒29a、29a′以容纳铁箍13′并与相对的铁箍13′和光纤60′轴向对齐。在所有其它材料方面,连接器12、12′和适配器14、14′都是相同的。
在图23-27中清楚地示出了装置的操作顺序。在图23-27所示的实施例中,所示的含有一内铁箍13(如图13所示)的连接器12′被插在一适配器14′中。
在图23中,连接器12′先插入适配器14′。盖66′处于关闭位置并且已使门38′动而引起门38′枢转。杆46尚未位于槽68′中。图24表示进一步插入,即时杆46刚好位于槽68′中但尚未使连接器盖66′枢转。凸轮76′可与门38′配合。
当进一步插入时,图25表示凸轮边76′与门38′配合而使门转到一打开位置,这样盖66′可自由地枢转。此时,杆46′推在槽表面68′上而使盖66′枢转。当盖66′枢转时,销74′移出门扣72′。
在图26中表示进一步插入,其时凸轮边76′可将门38′保持在打开位置、而盖66′尚未处于完全打开位置、但铁箍13′露出并与连接机构28′对齐。此时,如所说明的,由于销74′处于门扣70′、72′之间的一半位置处,而盖66′处于其完全转动的一半处。
图27表示进一步插入,其时盖66′已移到其完全打开位置,而销74′位于门扣70′中、且盖66′刚好位于门扣78′中。在此连接器12′的进一步插入可使铁箍13′压入光纤连接机构28,并且夹具斜面86′在保持边44′下方滑动并由其挡住。当夹具80′松开时,连接器12′可按反操作顺序拆除并且使得杆46′将盖66′转到完全向下位置。弹簧39可使门38′枢转到一关闭位置。
以上对本发明的详细描述说明了本新颖连接器和适配器的新颖组合是如何来实现连接端盖以及适配器中的门的功能的,以及设计方案是如何使两个连接器以并排关系置于一具有与现有SC适配器一样横截面积的单个SC适配器中的。因此,可使现有的具有如美国专利5,363,460所述盖的现有连接器的密度翻番。
Claims (33)
1.一种光纤连接器和适配器组件,包括:
一光纤连接器,具有:
具有一连接器纵轴线的外连接器罩壳;
位于所述连接器罩壳中并且末端经由所述连接器罩壳前端处的一个开口而露出的光纤;
设置在所述连接器罩壳上并枢转连接于其上、以在一打开和关闭位置之间枢转的盖,所述盖在所述关闭位置时可盖住所述开口,在打开位置时可露出所述开口;
所述连接器罩壳包括一与所述连接器纵轴线对齐的连接器纵向引导件的所述连接器罩壳;以及
所述盖,包括一凸轮杆容纳槽;
一适配器具有:
一适配器罩壳,具有一适配器纵轴线,并具有构成一内部空间和一其尺寸大小可容纳所述前端的开口端的壁,所述连接器纵轴线与所述适配器纵轴线对齐;
容纳在所述内部空间中的光纤连接机构,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳并处于一完全插入位置时可连接所述光纤;
一适配器纵引导件,设置成与当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳并处于所述完全插入位置时,与所述连接器纵引导件协作而将所述连接器开口引入与所述光纤连接机构轴向对齐;以及
一设置在所述内部空间中以容纳在所述凸轮杆容纳槽中的凸轮杆,并用于当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳并处于所述完全插入位置时将所述盖从所述盖关闭位置推到所述盖打开位置。
2.如权利要求1所述的组件,其特征在于:
所述凸轮杆还设计成当所述连接器罩壳从所述适配器罩壳上拆除时,将所述盖从所述盖打开位置推向所述盖关闭位置。
3.如权利要求1所述的组件,其特征在于:
所述适配器罩壳包括一位于所述内部空间中并且可在门打开位置和门关闭位置之间移动的内门,在所述门打开位置,所述光纤连接机构可经由所述适配器开口端露出,在所述门关闭位置,所述门可将所述光纤连接机构盖住;
一装于所述连接器罩壳上的凸轮表面,该凸轮表面被设置成当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳并处于所述完全插入位置时将所述门从所述门关闭位置推向所述门打开位置。
4.如权利要求1所述的组件,其特征在于:
所述适配器罩壳具有一垂直于所述适配器纵轴线的大致矩形的横截面,所述横截面包括一长横贯轴线和一短横贯轴线;
所述适配器罩壳包括一平行于所述短横贯轴线延伸并将所述内部空间分隔成第一和第二连接器容纳腔的内壁,其中各腔的尺寸大小可容纳所述各个连接器罩壳并且各具有相应的光纤连接机构、所述适配器纵引导件和所述凸轮杆中的一些。
5.如权利要求4所述的组件,其特征在于:
所述连接器罩壳具有一垂直于所述连接器纵轴线和所述盖的一枢转轴线的连接器横轴线;
所述连接器引导件和所述凸轮杆容纳槽可设置成当所述连接器罩壳插入所述一个腔室、且所述连接器横轴线平行于所述短横贯轴线时,与所述适配器引导件和所述凸轮杆对齐。
6.如权利要求1所述的组件,其特征在于:
所述连接器罩壳包括一装于其上的、用于可释放地与所述适配器罩壳连接的保持夹;
所述保持夹包括一可移动端和一夹体,所述夹体具有一固定到所述连接器罩壳上的固定端,所述夹体与所述连接器罩壳分开以形成一空间;
所述保持夹设置成使所述移动端位于所述连接器开口和所述固定端之间。
7.如权利要求6所述的组件,其特征在于:
所述可移动端与所述连接器罩壳的相对表面分开的距离小于固定到所述连接器罩壳上的一光缆的厚度。
8.如权利要求1所述的组件,其特征在于:
所述适配器和所述连接器都包括O形密封环,以当所述连接器插入所述适配器时密封各相匹配的部件。
9.一种用于匹配一适配器的光纤连接器,其中所述适配器具有一有一适配器纵轴线的适配器罩壳,并具有构成一内部空间和一开口端的壁,一光纤连接机构位于所述内部空间中以连接一对齐的光纤,一适配器纵引导件与所述适配器纵轴线对齐,一凸轮杆位于所述内部空间中,所述连接器包括:
一外连接器罩壳,具有一连接器纵轴线且其尺寸大小可使所述连接器罩壳的一前端位于所述适配器开口端中,并且所述连接器纵轴线与所述纵向适配器轴线对齐;
一位于所述连接器罩壳中并具有一经由所述连接器罩壳前端上的一连接器开口露出的末端的光纤,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳中并处于完全插入位置时,所述光纤可使所述末端与所述光纤连接机构连接;
一装于所述连接器罩壳上并枢转连接于其上而在一盖打开和一盖关闭位置之间枢转的盖,所述盖在所述盖关闭位置可盖住所述开口,所述盖在所述盖打开位置可露出所述开口;
一设置成与所述纵向适配器引导件协作的连接器纵引导件,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳并处于所述完全插入位置时,该连接器引导件可使所述连接器开口与所述光纤连接机构轴向对齐;以及
一位于所述盖上并可容纳所述凸轮杆的凸轮杆容纳槽,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器并处于所述完全插入位置时,可使所述凸轮杆将所述盖从所述盖关闭位置推到所述盖打开位置。
10.如权利要求9所述的光纤连接器,其特征在于,所述适配器罩壳包括位于所述内部空间中并且在一门打开位置和门关闭位置之间移动的内门,在所述门打开位置,所述光纤连接机构通过所述适配器开口端露出,在所述门关闭位置,所述门可盖住所述光纤连接机构,所述光纤连接器还包括:
一装于所述连接器罩壳上的凸轮表面,该凸轮表面被设置成当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器并处于完全插入位置时可将所述门从门关闭位置推到所述门打开位置。
11.如权利要求9所述的光纤连接器,其特征在于:
所述连接器罩壳包括一装于其上的、可释放地与所述适配器罩壳连接的保持夹;
所述保持夹包括一可移动端一夹体,所述夹体和具有一固定到所述连接器罩壳上的一固定端,所述夹体与所述连接器罩壳分开而形成一空间;
所述保持夹设置成使所述可移动端位于所述连接器开口和所述固定端之间。
12.如权利要求11所述的光纤连接器,其特征在于:
所述可移动端与所述连接器罩壳隔开的距离小于固定到所述连接器罩壳上的光缆厚度。
13.如权利要求9所述的光纤连接器,其特征在于:
所述连接器罩壳包括一设置成当所述连接器插入所述适配器时可密封在所述光纤连接机构相对面上的密封环。
14.如权利要求9所述的光纤连接器,其特征在于:所述光纤的一个末端相对所述光纤纵轴线非直交。
15.如权利要求14所述的光纤连接器,其特征在于:所述连接器罩壳包括一其尺寸大小可供所述光纤挠曲的内腔。
16.一与一连接器匹配的光纤适配器,该连接器具有:一有一连接器纵轴线的外连接器罩壳,位于所述连接器罩壳中并具有可从所述连接器罩壳前壳上的一个开口露出的末端的一光纤,一装于所述连接器罩壳上并枢转连接于其上、以在一盖打开位置和盖关闭位置之间枢转的一盖,所述盖在所述盖关闭位置可盖住所述开口,所述盖在所述盖打开位置可露出所述开口,所述连接器罩壳包括一与所述连接器纵轴线对齐的连接器纵引导件,所述盖包括一凸轮杆容纳槽;所述适配器包括:
一适配器罩壳,具有一适配器纵轴线并具有构成一内部空间和一其尺寸大小可容纳所述前端的开口端的壁,所述连接器纵轴线与所述适配器纵轴线对齐;以及
一设置在所述内部空间中以容纳在所述凸轮杆容纳槽中的凸轮杆,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳并处于所述完全插入位置时将所述凸轮杆所述盖从所述盖关闭位置推到所述盖打开位置。
17.如权利要求16所述的适配器,其特征在于:
所述凸轮杆还设置成当所述连接器罩壳从所述适配器罩壳上拆除时可将所述盖从所述盖打开位置推到所述盖关闭位置。
18.如权利要求16所述的适配器,其特征在于:所述连接器罩壳包括一凸轮表面,其中:
所述适配器罩壳包括一位于所述内部空间中并且可在一门打开位置和一门关闭位置之间移动的内门,在所述门打开位置,所述光纤连接机构经由所述适配器开口端露出,在所述门关闭位置,所述门可将所述光纤连接机构盖住,所述凸轮表面设置成当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳并处于所述完全插入位置时将所述门从所述门关闭位置到所述门打开位置。
19.如权利要求16所述的适配器,其特征在于:
所述适配器罩壳具有一垂直于所述适配器纵轴线的大致矩形横截面,所述横截面包括一长横贯轴线和一短横贯轴线;
所述适配器罩壳包括一平行于所述短横贯轴线延伸并将所述内部空间分隔成第一和第二连接器容纳腔的内部分隔件,其中所述各腔室的尺寸大小可容纳各个连接器罩壳并且各具有对应的所述光纤连接机构、所述纵向适配器引导件和所述凸轮杆中的一些。
20.如权利要求19所述的适配器,其特征在于:所述连接器罩壳具有垂直于所述连接器纵轴线和一所述盖枢转轴线的连接器横轴线,其中:
所述连接器引导件和所述凸轮杆容纳槽设置成当所述连接器罩壳插入所述一个腔室中且所述连接器横轴线平行于所述短横贯轴线时可与所述适配器引导件和所述凸轮杆对齐。
21.如权利要求20所述的适配器,其特征在于:所述适配器罩壳具有一构成一SC适配器足印的的外部空间。
22.一光纤连接器和适配器组件,包括:
a.一光纤连接器,具有:
1.具有一连接器纵轴线的外连接器罩壳;
2.位于所述连接器罩壳中并且末端经由所述连接器罩壳前端处的一个开口而露出的光纤;
b.一适配器,具有:
1.一适配器罩壳,具有两条平行的适配器纵轴线,并具有构成一外部、内部和平行于所述适配器纵轴线延伸的壁,所述开口端构成两个腔室,各腔室同时沿所述适配器纵轴线延伸并且各腔室的尺寸大小可有选择地容纳所述前端,同时所述连接器纵轴线与一条所述适配器纵轴线对齐,所述外部构成一SC适配器足印;
2.一容纳在所述内部空间中的光纤连接机构,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳并处于一完全插入位置时可连接所述光纤。
23.如权利要求22所述的组件,其特征在于:
所述适配器罩壳具有一垂直于所述适配器纵轴线的大致矩形横截面,所述横截面包括一长横贯轴线和一短横贯轴线;
所述适配器罩壳包括一平行于所述短横贯轴线延伸并将所述内部空间分隔成第一和第二连接器容纳腔室的内部分隔件,其中所述腔室的尺寸大小可容纳各个所述连接器罩壳并且各具有相应的一些所述光纤连接机构。
24.如权利要求23所述的组件,其特征在于:
所述外连接器罩壳具有一长横贯轴线和一短横贯轴线,所述外连接器罩壳的各横轴线垂直于所述连接器纵轴线,所述外连接器罩壳的所述长横轴线延伸方向与所述适配器罩壳的短横贯轴线相同,并且所述外连接器罩壳的所述短横贯轴线延伸方向与所述适配器罩壳的长横贯轴线相同。
25.如权利要求24所述的组件,其特征在于:所述适配器罩壳的所述开口端是第一开口端,其中所述适配器罩壳包括一与所述第一开口端相对的第二开口端,所述第二开口端构成两个腔室,各腔室都沿所述适配器纵轴线延伸,并且还包括四个所述光纤连接器,各连接器都连接到所述适配器罩壳上,在所述每一腔室中都容纳有一个所述连接器。
26.一光纤连接器和适配器组件,包括:
a.一光纤连接器具有:
1.具有一连接器纵轴线的一外连接器罩壳,所述连接器罩壳包括一与所述连接器纵轴线对齐的纵向槽;
2.位于所述连接器罩壳中并且末端经由所述连接器罩壳前端处的一个开口而露出的光纤;
b.一适配器具有:
1.一适配器罩壳,具有一纵向适配器轴线,并具有构成一内部空间和一可容纳所述前端的一个开口端的壁,并且所述连接器纵轴线与所述适配器纵轴线对齐;
2.容纳在所述内部空间中的光纤连接机构,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳中并处于一完全插入位置时可连接所述光纤;
3.一向内伸的纵向导轨,设置成可与所述纵向槽协作,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述连接器罩壳并处于完全插入位置时,使所述连接器开口与所述光纤连接机构对齐。
27.一光纤连接器和适配器组件,包括:
a.一光纤连接器,具有:
1.具有一连接器纵轴线的一外连接器罩壳;
2.位于所述连接器罩壳中并且末端经由所述连接器罩壳前端处的一个开口而露出的一光纤;
3.装于所述连接器罩壳上并枢转连接于其上、以在一盖打开位置和一盖关闭位置之间枢转的一盖,所述盖在所述盖关闭位置可盖住所述开口,所述盖在所述盖打开位置可露出所述开口,所述盖包括一凸轮杆容纳槽;
b.一适配器,具有:
1.一适配器罩壳,具有一适配器纵轴线并具有构成一内部空间和一其尺寸大小一可容纳所述前端的一个开口端的壁,所述连接器纵轴线与所述适配器纵轴线对齐;
2.容纳在所述内部空间以当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳中并处于一完全插入位置时与所述光纤连接;
3.一设置在所述内部空间中以被容纳在所述凸轮杆容纳槽中的凸轮杆,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳并处于完全插入位置时所述凸轮杆将所述盖从所述盖关闭位置推到所述盖打开位置。
28.一用于与一光纤连接器匹配的光纤适配器,所述连接器具有:一有一连接器纵轴线的外连接器罩壳,以及位于所述连接器罩壳中并且末端由所述连接器罩壳的前端上的一个开口露出的末端的一光纤,所述适配器包括:
一适配器罩壳,具有两条平行的适配器纵轴线并具有构成一内部空间、一外部空间和平行于所述适配器纵轴线延伸的开口端的壁,所述开口端和一内部分隔件构成两个腔室,各腔室都沿所述适配器纵轴线延伸,并可有选择地容纳所述前端,同时所述连接器纵轴线与所述一条适配器纵轴线对齐,所述外部空间构成一SC适配器足印;
一容纳在所述内部空间中的光纤连接机构,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳并且处于一完全插入位置时可连接所述光纤。
29.如权利要求28所述的适配器,其特征在于:还包括两个向内伸的导轨,其设置成可与所述外连接器罩壳中的纵向槽配合,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳中并处于完全插入位置时使所述连接器开口与所述光纤连接机构对齐。
30.如权利要求28所述的适配器,其特征在于:所述连接器包括一装于所述连接器罩壳并且枢接到其上的盖,以在一盖打开位置和一盖关闭位置之间枢转,所述盖在所述盖关闭位置时可盖住所述开口,所述盖在所述盖打开位置时可露出所述开口,所述盖包括一凸轮杆容纳槽,其中:
所述适配器包括一位于所述内部空间中并被容纳在所述凸轮杆容纳槽中的凸轮杆,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳并处于所述完全插入位置时,所述凸轮杆将所述盖从所述盖关闭位置推到所述盖打开位置。
31.一用于与一适配器匹配的光纤连接器,所述适配器具有一适配器罩壳,所述罩壳具有两条平行延伸的适配器纵轴线,并且具有构成一外部空间、一内部空间和一开口端的壁,所述开口端和内部空间分隔件构成两个平行腔室,所述外部空间构成一SC适配器足印,以及一光纤连接机构位于所述内部空间中、以与一对齐的光纤连接,所述连接器包括:
具有一连接器纵轴线的外连接器罩壳,其中所述外连接器罩壳的尺寸大小可容纳在任一个所述腔室中,并且所述纵向连接器轴线与所述一个纵向适配器轴线对齐;
一位于所述连接器罩壳中并且末端经由所述连接器罩壳的一个前端处的开口而露出光纤,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳中并且处于完全插入位置时可与所述光纤连接机构连接。
32.如权利要求31所述的连接器,其特征在于,还包括在所述外连接器罩壳中的两个纵向槽,所述槽可配合所述适配器上的两条向内伸导轨,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳中并处于完全插入位置时使所述连接器开口与所述光纤连接机构轴向对齐。
33.如权利要求31所述的连接器,其特征在于:所述适配器包括一位于所述内部空间中的凸轮杆,其中:
所述连接器包括装于所述连接器罩壳上并枢转连接于其上的盖、以在一盖打开位置和一盖关闭位置之间枢转的一盖,所述盖在所述盖关闭可盖住所述开口,所述盖在所述盖打开位置可露出所述开口,所述盖包括一凸轮杆容纳槽,以容纳所述凸轮杆,当所述连接器罩壳插入所述适配器罩壳中并且处于完全插入位置时所述凸轮杆可将所述盖从所述盖关闭位置推到所述盖打开位置。
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