CN1290067A - Method for encoding and decoding to objects in images by field data - Google Patents

Method for encoding and decoding to objects in images by field data Download PDF

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CN1290067A
CN1290067A CN00126057A CN00126057A CN1290067A CN 1290067 A CN1290067 A CN 1290067A CN 00126057 A CN00126057 A CN 00126057A CN 00126057 A CN00126057 A CN 00126057A CN 1290067 A CN1290067 A CN 1290067A
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data
scan pattern
coding
segment
degree
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CN100568742C (en
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郑济昌
全炳宇
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/90—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
    • H04N19/91—Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/12—Selection from among a plurality of transforms or standards, e.g. selection between discrete cosine transform [DCT] and sub-band transform or selection between H.263 and H.264
    • H04N19/122—Selection of transform size, e.g. 8x8 or 2x4x8 DCT; Selection of sub-band transforms of varying structure or type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/124—Quantisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/13—Adaptive entropy coding, e.g. adaptive variable length coding [AVLC] or context adaptive binary arithmetic coding [CABAC]

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for coding and decoding the objects divided into segments inside of the image. The coding method comprises the steps of finding out the segment data of the objects divided into segments, wherein the segment data is relative to plural data segment of plural objects; and scanning and coding the obtained data by a mode adapted to the distribution characteristics of the segment data; and outputting the coded data and the scanning mode data. The decoding method comprises the steps of receiving and decoding the coded data; arranging the decoded data according to the position determined by the scanning mode data to reconstitute plural two-dimensional data. The coding and decoding method of the present invention can adopt variable length mode, Huffman mode or arithmetic mode.

Description

The method that object in the image is encoded and deciphered by segment data
The application is that to be called " Variable Length Code and length changable decoding method and device ", application number be dividing an application of 97101046.3 application for a patent for invention for the name submitted in Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd on January 24th, 1997.
The present invention relates to the coding and the decoding system of numerical data, particularly relate to the method that the destination object in the image is encoded and deciphered with the numerical data of the section of being divided into, so that further improve the compression ratio of storage or transmission data.
Recently, in the system of transmission and receiver, video, sound signal, occurred recently that video, sound signal in the medium is encoded into numerical data and for reproducing the video sound signal the several different methods of encoded digital data decoding transmitting or being stored in.But people have sought further compression and have transmitted or stored the technical method of data volume to improve the data-transmission efficiency in coding and the decoding system.Example as the coding method that is transmitted or is stored numerical data has, transition coding method, differential pulse code modulation method (DPCM), vector quantization method and Variable Length Code method etc.These coding methods come all data amount is further compressed by removing the redundant data that transmits or store in the numerical data.
Aforesaid existing compress mode all adopts 8 * 8 or 16 * 16, and to wait a certain size square block be that base unit carries out data processing.And the processing mode of view data involved in the present invention to be not limited to the piece be all images frame of unit, but only significant object in the image is handled by section.That is, the video data of each frame is divided into the section of preseting length, for storage, transmission and the reception of vision signal, carries out data processing in coding and decoding system.Differential data between each segment data or segment data is by orthogonal transform, and video data is transformed into the conversion coefficient of frequency domain.Well-known segment data transform method has, discrete cosine transform (DCT), Walsh-Hadamard transform (Walsh HadamardTransform:WHT), discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and discrete sine transform (DST) etc.The conversion coefficient that obtains with these transform methods is coding according to the characteristic of coefficient data and suitably, and compression efficiency is improved.Because people's vision is responsive more to low frequency comparison high frequency, high-frequency data is reduced through data processing.Thereby, can reduce the data volume that is encoded.
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of coding method at prior art.This coding method adopts the scan pattern of the most suitable each segment data distribution character that the data of the destination object section of being divided in the image are encoded, and the segment data of described object is corresponding to a plurality of data segments of a plurality of objects.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of interpretation method, this interpretation method adopts carries out arithmetically decoding to the destination object in the image by segment data coded data with the identical scan pattern of selecting for use in each segment data encoding process, and the segment data of described object is corresponding to a plurality of data segments.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of numerical data and carry out Methods for Coding the object section of being divided in the image, the method includes the steps of: try to achieve the segment data of described object, this segment data is a plurality of data segments corresponding to a plurality of objects; The segment data of above-mentioned object is tried to achieve its conversion coefficient; According to selected scan pattern scans the data of being tried to achieve in the above-mentioned steps with the segment data distribution character that is suitable for described object, and the data that are scanned are encoded; The scan pattern data of the scan pattern that is adopted when exporting above-mentioned coded data and encoding these data, wherein, that described segment data is represented to be selected by the object in the image, with the size and the shape of the corresponding image sections of this object pixel value.
Aforesaid the present invention, in its coding step not only to scan, coded data is corresponding to a plurality of segment datas of a plurality of objects, and only cover the distributed areas of this segment data by selected its sweep limits of the pattern of retouching of the distribution character of segment data, so that more effectively the image digitization data are carried out encoding process.
In the above-mentioned data of trying to achieve gained in its conversion coefficient step is a kind of coefficient of having set, and corresponding to the corresponding to a plurality of 2-D datas of the segment data distribution character of described object.
According to the distribution character of segment data and selected scan pattern, its scanning direction both can be horizontal direction or vertical direction, also can be for having the scanning direction at 30 degree or 45 degree inclination angles.
For the selected aforesaid scan pattern that is suitable for the segment data distribution character most, in above-mentioned coding step, the data of being tried to achieve are scanned respectively, encode by given multiple scan pattern, select corresponding to the corresponding scan pattern of minimum value in the cumulative length value of each coded data.
Not only have the flexibility that the distribution character with segment data changes by the selected scan pattern of this mode, and be suitable for the scanning of this segment data most.According to the requirement that numerical data is handled, in above-mentioned coding step, promptly can adopt the mode of Variable Length Code or Huffman encoding to the data that scanned, also can adopt the mode of arithmetic coding.
Be to realize another object of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of method that coded data is deciphered, the method includes the steps of: receive above-mentioned coded data and decipher; With the above-mentioned data based scan pattern data of having deciphered that provide and arrange fixed position, wherein, the coded data that is received is corresponding to a plurality of data segments, and described coded data is by a section coded data to the object in the image.
In the aforesaid interpretation method, the coded data that is received both can be a plurality of data segments corresponding to an image, also can be a plurality of data segments corresponding to a plurality of images; And described scan pattern data are for providing with coded data, and represent the scanning information that this coded data adopts.That is, be expressed as scan pattern that is suitable for described object segment data distribution character and adopts and the information that only in this segment data distribution, scans.Therefore, in above-mentioned alignment step according in specified scanning direction of scan pattern data and the sweep limits decoding data being arranged.
Furtherly, the scan address correspondingly takes place in the scanning direction and the sweep limits that determine according to the scan pattern data that provided, and the data of decoding are arranged on specified position, this scan address one by one.By in the above-mentioned steps through arrangement and data actually set coefficient for constituting a plurality of 2-D datas or a plurality of two dimension, and this 2-D data or two dimension to have set the distribution character of coefficient consistent with the distribution character of each segment data of described object before encoding.
Therefore, scan address that takes place according to above-mentioned scan pattern data or the scan pattern that is provided, its scanning direction both can be horizontal direction or vertical direction, also can be for having the scanning direction at 30 degree or 45 degree inclination angles.Moreover, in described decoding step,, correspondingly adopt the mode of variable length decoding, Huffman decoding or arithmetically decoding according to the type of the coded data that is received.
The present invention can be used for the data that transmit or be stored in semiconductor memory, tape, disk, read-only optical disc, digital video disk or other mediums are reached the purpose of encoding and deciphering from the data of its recovery.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of embodiment that adopts the existing encoder of variable length coder.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of embodiment that adopts the existing decoder of variable length decoder.
Fig. 3 A to 3C is the existing methods instance graph of explanation the cutting apart of numerical data, scan pattern and encoding process.
Fig. 3 D to 3G be explanation according to the numerical data of multiple object cut apart, another instance graph of existing methods of scan pattern and encoding process.
Fig. 3 H is based on the flow chart of any morphological transformation of POCS.
Fig. 4 illustrates the block diagram of the data distribution of Variable Length Code.
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of expression according to the embodiment of variable length coder of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of expression according to the embodiment of variable length decoder of the present invention.
Fig. 7 A to 7C is the figure that contact Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 illustrate employed scan pattern.
Fig. 8 A to 8C is the simple instance graph of expression according to multistage scanning of the present invention.
Fig. 8 D to 8E is the simple instance graph of expression according to multistage scan pattern of the present invention.
Below, most preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram that the existing code device of video data of variable-length coding method is adopted in slightly expression.Input 10 receive with the corresponding data segment of cutting apart with block mode of image sections or with by the corresponding data segment of the image sections of Object Segmentation.General size Expressing piece shape section with M1 * M2, but for convenience of explanation, suppose M1=M2=M3.Segment data by input 10 input in first adder A1 with the feedback data addition of having set, calculate the differential data between two groups of data (promptly importing data and feedback data).The differential data of 11 pairs of inputs of quadrature transformer carries out discrete cosine transform, differential data is transformed into the coefficient of frequency domain.Quantizer 12 is altered to multi-level typical value to conversion coefficient through the quantification treatment of having set.At this moment, quantizer 12 quantizes from the data of quadrature transformer 11 outputs changeably according to the quantization level Q from buffer 14 inputs.Variable length coder 13 is carried out Variable Length Code and is generated the data V that has compressed segment data according to the statistical property of quantization parameter CDVideo data being carried out the process of Variable Length Code narrates in the back.The packed data that buffer 14 receives from variable length coder 13 outputs to the transmission passage to these data with fixed rate.At this moment, quantization level Q becomes output, its objective is for the overflow that prevents data and underflow and controls compressed data volume.
In general, there is similar pattern between the consecutive frame of video data.Thereby image is slight when mobile, and the motion of its image can relatively inferring according to present frame and past frame.The calculating of motion vector MV depends on the result that motion is inferred, motion compensation can obtain from past frame according to motion vector.Because the differential data amount between segment data that obtains from motion compensation and the segment data that is input to input 10 is considerably less, with the further packed data of the method for above-mentioned encoding process.The feedback control loop of using for move deduction and motion compensation is made of inverse quantizer 15, inverse orthogonal transformation device 16, frame memory 17, motion estimator 18 and motion compensator 19.Inverse quantizer 15 re-quantizations are from the quantization parameter of quantizer 12 outputs, and inverse orthogonal transformation device 16 becomes the dateout of inverse quantizer 15 video data of spatial domain through inverse discrete cosine transform.Second adder A2 deferent segment data, this segment data result from the video data from inverse orthogonal transformation device 16 output are added to the result who obtains from the feedback data of second switch SW2 input.Sequentially be stored in the frame memory 17 from the segment data of second adder A2 output, thereby reconstruct frame.The frame data of motion estimator 18 from be stored in frame memory 17 are tried to achieve and segment data amount by the input 10 input segment data of close pattern, calculate from these two segment datas to be used for the motion vector MV that image motion is inferred.For motion vector MV can be used, send it to receiver and motion compensator 19 in decoding system.Motion compensator 19 is read the corresponding segment data with motion vector MV from the frame data in the frame memory 17, and the data of reading are added to first adder A1.As aforementioned, first adder A1 calculates from the differential data between the segment data of the segment data of input 10 inputs and motion compensator 19 inputs, this differential data coding and be sent to receiver.Have, two switch SW 1 among Fig. 1 and SW2 upgrade switch again, its objective is in order to prevent that accumulation by differential data from producing the difference between coded frame data and the not processed frame data, becomes to have set the frame or the section unit of size to Data Update.
Coding video frequency data V CDPerhaps be stored in the medium, perhaps in receiver, be sent in the decoder that is input to as shown in Figure 2.Variable length decoder 21 passes through the inverse process of Variable Length Code to inputting video data V CDDecipher.22 pairs of quantization parameters from 21 inputs of variable length decoder of inverse quantizer are deciphered, then the conversion coefficient in output frequency territory.Inverse orthogonal transformation device 23 is transformed into the conversion coefficient of the frequency domain of importing from quantizer 22 video data of spatial domain.Be input to the motion compensator 24 of decoder from the motion estimator 18 output movement vector MV of encoder.The frame data of motion compensator 24 from be stored in frame memory 25 are read and the corresponding segment data of motion vector, and the data of reading are added among the adder A.Adder A is added to the differential data from contrary positive interchanger 23 outputs from the segment data of motion compensator 24 inputs, and output is from its resultant reconstituted segment data.Switch SW is connected to the output of motion compensator, and its effect is identical with renewal switch in above-mentioned Fig. 1 encoder.
For reaching the purpose of Variable Length Code, existing coded system is used Huffman (Huffman) coding techniques method.The Huffman encoding method is to give the code of input data allocations different length according to the probability of setting symbol.That is to say that the high more assigned code of probability is short more, the low more assigned code of probability is long more.Adopt in the coding of Huffman algorithm, the different symbol that has One's name is legion, when special symbol had low probability, when giving the symbol of the One's name is legion that seldom occurs long assignment of code according to the Huffman algorithm, data processing became complicated more in coding and decoding processing.In order to address this problem, if can distribute the fixed length code of having set for the range of distribution (hereinafter referred to as the escape territory) of many symbols seldom occurring, even then mean code length is higher than the mean value of Huffman code, the data processing complex degree also can reduce significantly.
Fig. 3 A represents to be divided into the example of data structure of the section of 8 * 8 sizes; Fig. 3 B represent 8 * 8 segment datas to the conversion of frequency domain and according to quantization transform 8 * 8 quantization parameters that produce of data; Fig. 3 C represents in view of a large amount of quantization parameters to be " 0 " of frequency domain, from low frequency to high frequency to the zigzag scan of quantization parameter and the coefficient that is scanned coding to [stroke, level] symbol.In stroke level coding technical method, the generation number of times of " 0 " between meaning right and wrong " 0 " coefficient of " stroke ", the absolute value of meaning right and wrong " 0 " coefficient of " level ".Among Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 C under 8 * 8 data conditions, the value of " stroke " be from " 0 " to " 63 ", when quantizing output device integer value from " 255 " to " 255 " is arranged, the value of " level " is to " 255 " from " 1 ".Its code is represented in addition.
Fig. 3 D represents the another kind of method with the corresponding to mode divided image data of cutting apart with variation of another kind of object.In general, each data segment is corresponding with the object that is shaped alone.Fig. 3 E represents the coding example with the corresponding data segment of object.Because the shape of object is arbitrarily, just seem necessary on the rectangle of given object, carrying out this special transform method of traditional block-based orthogonal transform.Suitably select to be in outside the given object and the pixel value within its rectangle, just can reconstruct given object best according to the selection number of conversion coefficient.Fig. 3 F illustrates the example of selecting conversion coefficient.Can there be L significant conversion coefficient in the occasion of data segment that has the image section of L pixel in expression in the transform domain.According to selection to the outside pixel value of Fig. 3 E, formation 0 of the coefficient of Fig. 3 F dash area or given value.Adopt run length encoding and Variable Length Code, can further compress the L that has selected among Fig. 3 F pixel individual or more peanut and become 0 conversion coefficient.
Based on the flow chart of Fig. 3 H, can further specify the selection and the extrapolation process of conversion coefficient.
Can adopt the outside pixel value of selecting given object based on the iterative manner of POSC.In first time iteration, can set outside pixel value arbitrarily, known this to iteration or reflect that inner pixel value is effective [S.F.Chang and D.G.Messerschmitt, " Transform Coding of an Arbitrarily-shaped Image Segment (transition coding of arbitrarily shaped image section) Proceedings ofACMMultimedia; August, 1993].In case selected outside pixel value, just rectangular blocks carried out direct transform in the hope of obtaining L or being less than the conversion coefficient of this number.Because the size of each conversion coefficient is corresponding with the energy that is associated with its coefficient, the method that coefficient is selected is to select the conversion coefficient of L (or set be less than this number) maximum.
In case coefficient is selected, non-selected other coefficient is set to " 0 ".These coefficient reset meetings cause the signal skew of spatial domain, so after the inverse transformation of the coefficient of not selected position reset, the inside of object and borderline pixel value are replaced to original value.
The influence of having only outside pixel value replaced by direct transform, inverse transformation and inner pixel, the coefficient value of non-selected position no longer becomes " 0 ".Therefore, " direct transform → zero setting → inverse transformation → inner pixel is replaced " of repeating in the past handled until convergence.Known convergence can be guaranteed [as H.H.ChenM.R.Civanlar and B.G.Haskell, " A Block Transform Coder for Arbitrarily ShapedImage Segments (the block transform coding device that is used for the arbitrarily shaped image section) " Proceedings of IEEEInternational Conference on Image Processing, 1994, Vol.l is shown in 85～89].If convergence, the conversion coefficient of having finished suitable fractal transform is just passable, and the same example with stroke level coding and Variable Length Code shown in Fig. 3 F and Fig. 3 G is further compressed.Transformation coefficient block among Fig. 3 F scans by zig-zag scan and carries out the stroke level coding.Can further compress [stroke, level] symbol with Variable Length Code.
Fig. 4 illustrates escape (escape) territory and the regular territory by probabilistic classification according to [stroke, level] symbol.From the statistics aspect, the probability that [stroke, level] symbol has big value " stroke " and/or " level " is very low.The territory of just escaping in low probability symbol distribution territory, symbol table is shown as fixed length escape sequence, and it is regular territory that regular Huffman code is then distributed to other territory.Such as, the occasion of 8 * 8 segment datas, the escape sequence is made of 6 " strokes " of 6 escape symbols, expression from " 0 " to " 63 ", 8 " level " and the 1 bit sign position of expression from " 1 " to " 255 ".Thereby the escape sequence has totally 21 regular length.
In existing Variable Length Code system, the concentration of energy of vision signal is at the lower frequency region at the center that constitutes AC (interchange) composition, so in the Variable Length Code of video data, for N * N quantization parameter has used zigzag scan pattern (seeing Fig. 3 A to Fig. 3 C).But because of the difference of vision signal pattern, the energy of vision signal may be distributed in the frequency content of level or vertical direction more widely.Thereby existing zigzag scan pattern is not to be the optimum scanning pattern of carrying out the video data Variable Length Code.Thereby for carrying out the decoding of Variable Length Code and variable length, the scan pattern that tilts to level or vertical direction is desired, so that the flexibility that has the distribution character with video data to change.
Fig. 5 represents the variable length coder according to the embodiment of the invention.Encoder shown in Figure 5 is by constituting with lower member: store the coefficient storage parts CM that quantizes the such quantization parameter that quantizes segment data of segment data shown in Fig. 3 B and Fig. 3 F respectively 1～CM NDividing other scan address to offer N scan address output block SAG of coefficient storage parts respectively 1～SAG NEach coefficient of each memory unit of coefficient is carried out N stroke level coding device CD of journey level coding according to scan pattern one by one 1～CD N[stroke, the level] symbol from each stroke level coding device output is carried out N variable length coder VLC of Variable Length Code according to the Variable Length Code mapping 1～VLC NN buffer BF of each Variable Length Code data of storage variable length coder 1～BF NN the integrating instrument ACCM that length from the data of the Variable Length Code of each variable length coder output is added up respectively 1～ACCM NFrom the length that has added up at N integrating instrument, select the minimum value selector of minimum value; Select and be transmitted in the selector switch 54 of the buffer output of that selected in the minimum value selector 52 Variable Length Code passage.
At first, be quantized into the quantization parameter of setting big segment and be stored in N coefficient storage parts CM respectively 1～CM N1st, the 2nd and N coefficient storage parts receive respectively from the 1st, the 2nd and N kind scan address output block the 1st, the 2nd and the N kind scan address of exporting respectively.Narrate the coding pass of the 1st coefficient storage parts in N the coefficient depositing element that scans according to N kind scan address below.
Be stored in the 1st coefficient storage parts CM according to the 1st kind of scan address with the scanning direction scanning of having set 1In quantization parameter, at the 1st stroke level coding device CD 1In with long [stroke, the level] symbol of this quantization parameter coding.The 1st variable length coder VLC 1Shine upon Variable Length Code from the 1st stroke level coding device CD according to the Variable Length Code of having set 1[stroke, level] symbol of output is exported the data D behind the Variable Length Code singly VLCWith the data length L behind the Variable Length Code VLCFrom the 1st variable length coder VLC 1The data of the Variable Length Code D of output VLCBe stored in the 1st buffer BF 1In; The length L of Variable Length Code data VLCBe input to accumulative total by the 1st variable length coder VLC 1The long L of coding VLCThe 1st integrating instrument ACCM 1In, add up.The 1st integrating instrument ACCM 1By adder A 1With the 1st cumulative length memory unit LM 1Constitute.At adder A 1, from the 1st variable length coder VLC 1The length L of the data of Variable Length Code of input VLCWith from the 1st cumulative length memory unit LM 1The cumulative length addition of feedback.The 1st cumulative length memory unit LM 1Storage is from adder A 1The cumulative length that output has been upgraded.
This is applicable to the 2nd, the 3rd and N coefficient storage parts CM by a succession of coding pass of forming 2, CM 3, CM 4Quantization parameter.But,, can use other pattern in order to scan the quantization parameter that is stored in a section in N the coefficient storage parts singly.Fig. 7 represents the realization example of a plurality of other scan patterns.Fig. 7 A shows the scan pattern with 0 degree scanning direction, and Fig. 7 B shows the scan pattern with 30 degree scanning directions, and Fig. 7 C shows the scan pattern with 45 degree scanning directions.
Corresponding with the object of any shaping and with the occasion of the rectangle that is centered on being carried out the corresponding data segment of image sections of map function, scan pattern needn't cover whole frequency contents.
In Variable Length Code passage, being stored in N integrating instrument ACCM respectively according to multiple scan pattern 1～ACCM NThe cumulative length data of cumulative length memory member offer N input of minimum value selector 52 singly, minimum value selector 52 determines the minimum value of cumulative lengths.Storage is according to N buffer BF of the data of the scan pattern Variable Length Code of N type 1～BF NEach output be connected respectively to N input of selector switch 54.Minimum value selector 52 is from N cumulative length memory unit LM 1～LM NSelect minimum value in Shu Ru the cumulative length data respectively.Minimum value selector 52 output scanning mode data D SCAN, this data representation has the scan pattern of that Variable Length Code passage of selecting minimum cumulative length in the cumulative length, with cumulative length in the selection control signal SEL of the corresponding regulation of minimum value selected offer selector switch 54.Selector switch 54 is selected the data D of Variable Length Code VLCAnd exported these data D VLCBe consistent with the minimum value of cumulative length in the input data that are input to N input singly.
Whenever having selected minimum value, just when the Variable Length Code of each segment data was finished, minimum value selector 52 produced reset signal RST, and N buffer BF resets 1～BF NWith N cumulative length memory unit LM 1～LM NVariable Length Code data D VLCWith scan pattern data D SCANFrom variable length coder output as numerical data or storage or be sent to the receiver of deciphering usefulness.
Fig. 6 represents the embodiment according to variable length decoder of the present invention.With reference to figure 6, be input to the Variable Length Code data D of variable length decoder 61 VLCBecome [stroke, level] symbol according to variable length decoding mapping transformation.And, the scan pattern data D that sends from decoder SCANBe input to scan pattern selector 62, this scan pattern selector 62 is used for storage and corresponding each scan address of multiple scan pattern as shown in Figure 7 (the 1st to the scanning of N kind).Scan pattern selector 62 is selected the scan pattern data D with input SCANCorresponding scan address ADDRs is also exported.Stroke level decoder 63 becomes two-dimentional quantization parameter to [stroke, the level] sign reversing from 61 inputs of variable length decoder according to the scan address ADDRs from 62 inputs of scan pattern selector.After this, quantization parameter is provided for inverse quantizer.
As aforementioned, complying with Variable Length Code system of the present invention or transmitting according to diversified scan pattern is minimum scan pattern and the data that transmit according to this scan pattern Variable Length Code to making the Variable Length Code data length after each segment data Variable Length Code, perhaps for carrying out later decoding it is stored in the digital record medium.According to variable length decoding system of the present invention, adopt with used same scan pattern in the Variable Length Code process of the Variable Length Code data of storing or transmitting and decipher.Its result, the system of Variable Length Code and variable length decoding can further compress the transmission data.
In the present invention, each segment data is suitable for the diversified size and dimension of image section.Just, no matter numerical data is divided into segment data in which way, the present invention may be used to the coding and the decoding of segment data.Based on Fig. 3 D to Fig. 3 H, can further understand this point.If suitable fractal transform is finished as described above, then the conversion coefficient in the rectangular blocks is scanned by the multiple scaaning order, adopts then with the same method of Fig. 5 explanation and selects specific scanning sequency.Thereby how the present invention that contact Fig. 5 has illustrated can expand to the image section of the general more occasion with diversified size and form actually, and this point just has been perfectly clear.
More than with variable length coder/decoder illustration and the present invention has been described, but the encoder/decoder of other types also can use in the present invention.For example, can replace with Huffman or arithmetic encoder/decoder.Furthermore, advantage of the present invention is that the type of not considering encoder/decoder obtains with only scan pattern, and therefore, the present invention can use under the situation of variable length coder/decoder not having.
And then although get in touch the 2-D data illustration and the present invention has been described, the present invention is also applicable to the coding and the decoding system that adopt multidimensional data.
Expansion to multidimensional can realize according to carrying out common method for scanning to a plurality of sections.Fig. 8 A represents to obtain a plurality of sections particular case from same width of cloth image.But, as in Fig. 8 B, representing as an example, also can scan the section of other time simultaneously.Shown in Fig. 8 C, two kinds of situations of Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B can not have and anyly restrictedly mix.Fig. 8 D and Fig. 8 E represent to be used for the example of multiple section scan pattern.Numeral shown in Fig. 8 D and Fig. 8 E is illustrated in the scanning sequency of data segment among Fig. 3 A or Fig. 3 C.
The present invention can not have any occasion that restrictedly often is applicable to multidimensional.

Claims (30)

1, a kind of numerical data to the object section of being divided in the image is carried out Methods for Coding, it is characterized in that the method includes the steps of: try to achieve the segment data of described object, this segment data is a plurality of data segments corresponding to a plurality of objects; The segment data of above-mentioned object is tried to achieve its conversion coefficient; According to selected scan pattern scans the data of being tried to achieve in the above-mentioned steps with the segment data distribution character that is suitable for described object, and the data that are scanned are encoded; The scan pattern data of the scan pattern that is adopted when exporting above-mentioned coded data and encoding these data, wherein, that described segment data is represented to be selected by the object in the image, with the size and the shape of the corresponding image sections of this object pixel value.
2, coding method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in described coding step, the scope that the selected scan pattern of foundation scans only covers the distributed areas of this segment data.
3, coding method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, tries to achieve in its conversion coefficient step described, and the data of gained are a kind of coefficient of having set, and corresponding to the corresponding to a plurality of 2-D datas of described object segment data distribution character.
4, coding method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, tries to achieve in its conversion coefficient step described, and the data of gained are the corresponding to a plurality of two-dimentional quantization parameters of the distribution character of a kind of and described object segment data.
5, as each described coding method in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, in described coding step, the data that scanned are carried out Variable Length Code.
6, as each described coding method in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, in described coding step, the data that scanned are carried out Huffman encoding.
7, as each described coding method in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, in described coding step, the data that scanned are carried out arithmetic coding.
As each described coding method in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that 8, in described coding step, the scanning direction of selected scan pattern is a horizontal direction.
As each described coding method in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that 9, in described coding step, the scanning direction of selected scan pattern is a vertical direction.
As each described coding method in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that 10, in described coding step, selected scan pattern has the scanning direction at 30 degree or 45 degree inclination angles.
11, as each described coding method in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that, in described coding step, the data of being tried to achieve are scanned respectively, encode by given multiple scan pattern, and corresponding to being selected scan pattern with the corresponding scan pattern of minimum value in the cumulative length value of each coded data.
12, coding method as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, described given multiple scan pattern can contain have respectively 0 the degree (level), 30 the degree, 45 the degree (Z type) and 90 the degree (vertically) inclination directions scan pattern.
13, a kind of method that coded data is deciphered is characterized in that the method includes the steps of: receive above-mentioned coded data and decipher; With the above-mentioned data based scan pattern data of having deciphered that provide and arrange fixed position, wherein, the coded data that is received is corresponding to a plurality of data segments, and described coded data is by the section coded data to the object in the image.
14, interpretation method as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, described scan pattern data are for providing with coded data, and represents the scanning information that this coded data adopts.
15, interpretation method as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, in described alignment step, arrange on the fixed position and the data that constitute are consistent with the distribution character of each segment data of described object before encoding.
16, interpretation method as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, in described decoding step, the coded data that is received is corresponding to a plurality of data segments of an image.
17, interpretation method as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, in described decoding step, the coded data that is received is corresponding to a plurality of data segments of a plurality of images.
18, interpretation method as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, described decoding step is reception Variable Length Code data, and this coded data is carried out variable length decoding.
19, interpretation method as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, described decoding step is the reception huffman coded data, and this coded data is carried out Huffman decoding.
20, interpretation method as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, described decoding step is reception arithmetic coding data, and this coded data is carried out arithmetically decoding.
21, as each described interpretation method in the claim 13 to 20, it is characterized in that, in described alignment step, according to the scan pattern data and fixed scanning direction is a horizontal direction.
22, as each described interpretation method in the claim 13 to 20, it is characterized in that, in described alignment step, according to the scan pattern data and fixed scanning direction is a vertical direction.
23, as each described interpretation method in the claim 13 to 20, it is characterized in that, in described alignment step, according to the scan pattern data and fixed scanning direction be have 30 the degree or 45 the degree inclination angles the scanning direction.
24, as each described interpretation method in the claim 13 to 20, it is characterized in that, in described alignment step, the scanning direction and the corresponding generation of the sweep limits scan address that determine according to the scan pattern data, and on specified position, this scan address, arrange the data of having deciphered one by one.
25, interpretation method as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, the scan address that is taken place is by corresponding selected a kind of according to the scan pattern data that provided in the multiple scan address.
26, interpretation method as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that, described multiple scan address can contain have respectively 0 the degree (level), 30 the degree, 45 the degree (Z type) and 90 the degree (vertically) inclination directions the scan address.
27, as each described interpretation method in the claim 13 to 20, it is characterized in that, in described alignment step, through arrangement and data be a kind of a plurality of 2-D data.
28, interpretation method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that, described 2-D data is the 2-D data of a plurality of conversion coefficients.
29, interpretation method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that, described 2-D data is a plurality of two-dimentional quantization parameters.
30, interpretation method as claimed in claim 29 is characterized in that, also comprises the step of described quantization parameter being carried out re-quantization.
CNB00126057XA 1996-01-25 1997-01-24 Object in the image is encoded and interpretation method by segment data Expired - Fee Related CN100568742C (en)

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CN100454339C (en) * 2001-09-14 2009-01-21 诺基亚有限公司 Method and system for context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding
WO2011050641A1 (en) * 2009-10-28 2011-05-05 Mediatek Singapore Pte. Ltd. Video coding methods and video encoders and decoders with localized weighted prediction
CN101647284B (en) * 2007-04-20 2011-09-14 汤姆逊许可公司 Method and apparatus for selecting a scan path for the elements of a block in spatial domain picture encoding and decoding
CN102158704B (en) * 2004-11-09 2013-05-08 松下电器产业株式会社 Two step arithmetic decoding with conversion into an intermediate format
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100454339C (en) * 2001-09-14 2009-01-21 诺基亚有限公司 Method and system for context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding
CN102158704B (en) * 2004-11-09 2013-05-08 松下电器产业株式会社 Two step arithmetic decoding with conversion into an intermediate format
CN101647284B (en) * 2007-04-20 2011-09-14 汤姆逊许可公司 Method and apparatus for selecting a scan path for the elements of a block in spatial domain picture encoding and decoding
WO2011050641A1 (en) * 2009-10-28 2011-05-05 Mediatek Singapore Pte. Ltd. Video coding methods and video encoders and decoders with localized weighted prediction
CN106878719A (en) * 2010-07-31 2017-06-20 M&K控股株式会社 Picture coding device
CN106878719B (en) * 2010-07-31 2019-08-30 M&K控股株式会社 Picture coding device
CN107635137A (en) * 2011-11-08 2018-01-26 株式会社Kt The method decoded using decoding apparatus to vision signal
CN107635137B (en) * 2011-11-08 2020-10-16 株式会社Kt Method for decoding video signal by using decoding device

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GB2309613B (en) 1997-12-10
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KR100242635B1 (en) 2000-02-01
CN1178396C (en) 2004-12-01
CN1290069A (en) 2001-04-04
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GB2309613A (en) 1997-07-30
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CN100568742C (en) 2009-12-09
CN1290070A (en) 2001-04-04

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