CN1298413C - 封装方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于为一排中空纤维膜片形成一封装件的方法，包括步骤：把纤维膜片(7)的端部(6)放置在一模具(5)中；由可硬化的树脂材料在非硬化状态下在纤维膜片端部(6)形成第一层(20)；在第一层(20)完全硬化之前，把由第二材料形成的第二层(21)贴敷到第一层上；第二层的材料与第一层的材料发生化学反应，以便在第一层和第二层之间形成一胶合层；至少使所说的两层都部分硬化，并把所形成的封装件从模具(5)上拆卸下来，其中，当每层都被完全硬化时，第二层的材料比所说第一层的材料具有更高的柔性。本发明还公开了用于执行这种方法的装置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及对在过滤系统中常用的多孔中空纤维膜片进行封装的方法(potting method)。
背景技术
用于支撑和固定一排多孔中空纤维膜片的封装材料通常是一种折衷的材料，即，这种材料即具有足够的刚硬度，以便能提供足够支撑，但又具有的柔软性和柔度，以便能避免纤维在进入封装件处发生破裂。如果所用的材料太刚硬，那么在这种封装附近很快就会发生破裂，如果所用的材料太柔软，那么这种材料就不会有足够的机械强度，从而不能对纤维提供足够的支撑。此外，对这些材料还进行这样选择，即，使所选择的材料在经受各种类型的输送以及暴露于维护所说纤维所用的清洗流体时，不会被损坏。
已知的一些过滤系统都采用由环氧树脂、聚氨酯或硅材料形成的单个的层，可是，每种层都具有上面所描述的一些缺陷。
本发明旨在克服或至少减轻上面所描述的现有技术中的一个或多个缺陷，或者旨在提供一种有用的可供选用的方案。
发明的内容
根据本发明的一个方面，本发明提供了一种为一系列中空纤维膜片形成一封装件的方法，每个纤维膜片都具有一端，该方法包括下述步骤：把所述纤维膜片的端部放置在一模具中；由可硬化的树脂材料在非硬化状态下在所述纤维膜片端部周围形成第一层，其中形成该第一层的步骤还包括检测该第一层的硬化过程的步骤，该检测步骤用以确定将一第二层贴敷到所述第一层的最佳时间；在所述第一层完全硬化之前，把一聚氨酯树脂材料的第二层贴敷到所述第一层上，所述聚氨酯树脂材料与所述可硬化的树脂材料是可发生化学反应的，以便在第一层和第二层之间形成粘接键，完全硬化的聚氨酯树脂材料比完全硬化的可硬化树脂材料具有更高的柔性；至少使所述第一层和第二层部分硬化，从而形成一封装件；以及把所形成的封装件从模具上拆卸下来。
应当知道，在上面所描述的封装过程之前，可以采用已知的任何方法来密封敞口的纤维。
优选地是，可硬化的树脂材料是环氧树脂。已经发现，当对那些通常含有吸水性液体的纤维膜片进行封装时，采用环氧树脂是很有利的，而如果采用聚氨酯树脂，那么在纤维和封装件之间则会产生一些密封缺陷。
在一种优选的方式中，通过向用于形成较低柔性的第一层的材料组分中添加一种或多种柔化剂来制造具有较高柔性的层。
优选地是，所说的方法包括步骤：监测第一层的硬化过程，以便确定出把第二层贴敷到第一层上的最佳时间。优选地，所说的监测步骤包括：监测所说第一层内的温度变化，以便确定出硬化过程的状态。
重要地是，应当在第一层硬化完成之前把第二层贴敷到第一层上，以便可以获得足够的活性位点来进行把第一层粘接到第二层上所需的化学反应。要求所说的两层进行适当的粘合，以便防止供给料进入这些层之间以及在这些层之间滋生细菌等，如果在这些层之间进入一些供给料或滋生出一些细菌，那么就会导致纤维的损坏和破裂，从而也就会使过滤系统受到污染。此外，采用这种方法就无需利用专用的粘合剂和底层涂料在所说的这些层之间形成粘接。
把所说的这两层粘合起来的一个必要条件是在这两个不同层的一些组分之间要发生化学反应。对于环氧树脂层/聚氨酯层来说，理想地是，环氧树脂组分中的一种组分与聚氨酯的异氰酸酯基团(优选地是胺或酰胺)发生化学反应。
根据本发明的第二个方面，本发明提供了一种用于对中空纤维膜片进行封装的装置，这种装置包括：一模具，用于接收所说中空纤维膜片的端部；用于在所说模具内利用可硬化的树脂材料在非硬化状态下在所说纤维膜片端部周围形成第一层的装置；用于在所说第一层完全硬化之前把由聚氨酯树脂材料的第二层贴敷到所说的第一层上的装置，所说第二层的聚氨酯树脂材料与所说第一层的材料发生化学反应，以便在所说的第一层和第二层之前形成粘接键，当每一层都被完全硬化时所说第二层的聚氨酯树脂材料比所说第一层的材料具有更高的柔性。
优选地是，所说模具包括分别使所说的第一层的材料和第二层的材料流入模具内的分开的装置。优选地，所述两种材料在沿着管道或软管流入到模具中之前被喂入到一个离心机中。优选地是，可以利用单个的离心机，该离心机具有分开的一些部分，用于分别接收所说的第一层的材料和第二层的材料。
尽管离心机是这种方法中所用的一种优选的工具，但是，应当知道，其它诸如静电封装(static potting)之类的技术同样适用于本发明中这种具有创造性的方法。
附图简述
下面将只通过举例的方式并参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施例。在这些附图中：
图1是根据本发明一个优选实施例用于执行封装方法的封装装置的示意图；
图2表示出了纤维的被封装的一端的剖面图，用于说明本发明的一个实施例。
优选实施例的描述
参照图1，封装装置包括一模具5，该模具5用于接收纤维膜片7的端部6。模具5包括用于接收纤维膜片7的一圆筒形腔8。圆筒形腔8具有扩径基部9，用于固定住预封装件10，该预封装件用于在封装过程期间支撑着纤维。一管道或软管11把一离心机13的一个转筒12与模具腔8的基底相连。一第二管道15把离心机13的第二个转筒16与模具腔8的上部17相连。
在使用时，把用于形成这种封装件的相对坚硬的第一层的材料分配到离心机13的转筒12内，并且使这些材料沿着管道或软管11流入到模具腔8的下部14内，以围绕着纤维端部6形成第一层。在这些材料完全硬化之前，把用于形成较软的第二层的第二材料分配到转筒16内，并且使这些第二材料沿着管道或软管15流入到模具腔8内，以便把第二层的材料贴敷到第一层上。这些层发生化学反应，从而在第一层和第二层之间形成粘接键。在硬化的适当阶段，把封装好的纤维从模具5上拆卸下来。
在一些应用中，可以利用单一的转筒和管道来使材料依次流入到模具内，以形成所说的两层。
为了确定在第一层硬化期间贴敷第二层的最佳时间，可以至少在初始设定过程期间对第一层的材料的温度变化情况进行监测。所说的温度变化情况可指示出在硬化期间的各个阶段，并且指示出何时可以贴敷第二层，以便确保在所说的两层之间可获得足够的自由位点来进行化学粘接。一旦确定出具体材料结合的最佳时间，就无需进一步监测了。
温度的急剧上升表明大部分硬化反应正在进行。已发现，施加第二层的最佳时间是在温度上升时的±5分钟内，优选地是在±2分钟内。
图2所示的实施例说明了利用封装套筒23来增强封装层20，21之间的表面间粘合力。对封装材料的数量或封装套筒23的宽度进行选择，以便确保所说两层的分界面24位于封装套筒23之内。封装套筒23是由这样的材料来制成的，即，这种材料能确保封装套筒的内表面和两封装材料之间具有良好的粘合力。除了对封装套筒材料进行选择之外，通过把套筒23的内表面弄粗糙也能增强封装材料与套筒23之间的接合力。此外，通过在封装套筒23中形成一些槽25，也能增强接合力。由于封装材料和封装套筒23之间存在粘合力，这种粘合力可以减小所说的两封装层20，21在分界面24处发生任何移动或分离，于是这种粘合力能增强所说两封装层20，21的接合。
与现有技术相比，上面所概述的封装方法具有许多优点，这些优点包括改善了对纤维的支撑，从而减小在纤维/封装件分界面处发生破裂。在一些应用中，还可以省去通常用的封装套筒，因为由这种方法制成的封装件具有足够的刚硬度，能进行自支撑。这样就可以节约制造成本，因为在一些情况中，封装材料相对于封装套筒会发生收缩，从而会形成一些间隙，这些间隙是很不利的，因为在这些间隙处会发生泄漏和滋生细菌。当发生这种产生间隙的情况时，这种封装件就必须被废弃。
应当知道，在不脱离本发明的构思和范围的情况下，本发明还可以采用其它的实施例和范例。
Claims (14)
1.一种为一系列中空纤维膜片形成一封装件的方法，每个纤维膜片都具有一端，该方法包括下述步骤：
把所述纤维膜片的端部放置在一模具中；
由可硬化的树脂材料在非硬化状态下在所述纤维膜片端部周围形成第一层，其中形成该第一层的步骤还包括检测该第一层的硬化过程的步骤，该检测步骤用以确定将一第二层贴敷到所述第一层的最佳时间；
在所述第一层完全硬化之前，把一聚氨酯树脂材料的第二层贴敷到所述第一层上，所述聚氨酯树脂材料与所述可硬化的树脂材料是可发生化学反应的，以便在第一层和第二层之间形成粘接键，完全硬化的聚氨酯树脂材料比完全硬化的可硬化树脂材料具有更高的柔性；
至少使所述第一层和第二层部分硬化，从而形成一封装件；以及
把所形成的封装件从模具上拆卸下来。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述可硬化的树脂材料是环氧树脂。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一层包含至少一种柔软剂。
4.一种根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述监测步骤包括：检测所述第一层内的温度变化，以确定出硬化过程的状态。
5.一种为一系列中空纤维膜片形成一封装件的方法，每个纤维膜片都具有一端，该方法包括步骤：
把所述纤维膜片的端部放置在一模具中；
由可硬化的树脂材料在非硬化状态下在所述纤维膜片端部周围形成第一层；
在所述第一层完全硬化之前，把一聚氨酯树脂材料的第二层贴敷到所述第一层上，所述聚氨酯树脂材料与所述可硬化的树脂材料是可发生化学反应的，以便在第一层和第二层之间形成粘接键，完全硬化的聚氨酯树脂材料比完全硬化的可硬化树脂材料具有更高的柔性；
在所述模具内提供一封装套筒，用于容纳所述第一层和第二层，所述封装套筒具有有助于把所述可硬化树脂材料和所述聚氨酯树脂材料至少之一粘合到该封装套筒上的粘合促进装置；
至少使所述第一层和第二层部分硬化，从而形成一封装件；以及
把所形成的封装件从模具上拆卸下来。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述封装套筒与所述可硬化树脂材料和所述聚氨酯树脂材料至少之一接触的表面是经过粗糙化的。
7.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述封装套筒包括至少一个突起形成于该封装套筒与所述可硬化树脂材料和所述聚氨酯树脂材料至少之一接触的表面上。
8.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述封装套筒包括至少一个凹部形成于该封装套筒与所述可硬化树脂材料和所述聚氨酯树脂材料至少之一接触的表面上。
9.一种为一系列中空纤维膜片形成一封装件的方法，每个纤维膜片都具有一端，该方法包括步骤：
把所述纤维膜片的端部放置在一模具中；
由可硬化的树脂材料在非硬化状态下在所述纤维膜片端部周围形成第一层，其中所述可硬化的树脂材料包括环氧基；
在所述第一层完全硬化之前，把一聚氨酯树脂材料的第二层贴敷到所述第一层上，所述聚氨酯树脂材料包括胺基或酰胺基，所述聚氨酯树脂材料的胺基或酰胺基与所述可硬化的树脂材料是可发生化学反应的，以便在第一层和第二层之间形成粘接键，完全硬化的聚氨酯树脂材料比完全硬化的可硬化树脂材料具有更高的柔性；
至少使所述第一层和第二层部分硬化，从而形成一封装件；以及
把所形成的封装件从模具上拆卸下来。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一层包括至少一种柔软剂。
11.如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，在由可硬化树脂材料形成所述第一层的步骤中还包括检测该第一层的硬化过程，用以确定将第二层贴敷到所述第一层的最佳时间。
12.如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括下述步骤，即，在所述模具内提供一封装套筒，用于容纳所述第一层和第二层，所述封装套筒具有有助于把所述可硬化树脂材料和所述聚氨酯树脂材料至少之一粘合到该封装套筒上的粘合促进装置。
13.如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括下述步骤，即，在所述模具内提供一封装套筒，用于容纳所述第一层和第二层，所述封装套筒具有至少一个突起形成于该封装套筒与所述可硬化树脂材料和所述聚氨酯树脂材料至少之一接触的表面上。
14.如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括下述步骤，即，在所述模具内提供一封装套筒，用于容纳所述第一层和第二层，所述封装套筒包括至少一个凹部形成于该封装套筒与所述可硬化树脂材料和所述聚氨酯树脂材料至少之一接触的表面上。
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| AUPR4215A AUPR421501A0 (en) | 2001-04-04 | 2001-04-04 | Potting method |
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- 2002-04-04 JP JP2002579098A patent/JP2004529758A/ja active Pending
- 2002-04-04 AT AT02712648T patent/ATE352367T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-04 CN CNB028076869A patent/CN1298413C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-04 WO PCT/AU2002/000436 patent/WO2002081065A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-04-04 DE DE60217848T patent/DE60217848T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105107387A (zh) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-02 | 天津华清健坤膜科技有限公司 | 一种中空纤维柱式膜的多层浇铸方法 |
| CN105107387B (zh) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-12-15 | 天津华清健坤膜科技有限公司 | 一种中空纤维柱式膜的多层浇铸方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1500001A (zh) | 2004-05-26 |
| DE60217848D1 (de) | 2007-03-15 |
| AUPR421501A0 (en) | 2001-05-03 |
| US7931463B2 (en) | 2011-04-26 |
| EP1385605B1 (en) | 2007-01-24 |
| US8518256B2 (en) | 2013-08-27 |
| NZ528713A (en) | 2005-11-25 |
| US20110192783A1 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
| EP1385605A4 (en) | 2005-03-23 |
| ATE352367T1 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
| US20060110486A1 (en) | 2006-05-25 |
| EP1385605A1 (en) | 2004-02-04 |
| WO2002081065A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
| KR20040020049A (ko) | 2004-03-06 |
| DE60217848T2 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
| US20050087898A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
| JP2004529758A (ja) | 2004-09-30 |
| KR100830315B1 (ko) | 2008-05-16 |
| US6974554B2 (en) | 2005-12-13 |
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