CN1301184A - 一种病人用来进行糖尿病药物自疗的医疗设备 - Google Patents

一种病人用来进行糖尿病药物自疗的医疗设备 Download PDF

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CN1301184A
CN1301184A CN99806349A CN99806349A CN1301184A CN 1301184 A CN1301184 A CN 1301184A CN 99806349 A CN99806349 A CN 99806349A CN 99806349 A CN99806349 A CN 99806349A CN 1301184 A CN1301184 A CN 1301184A
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施戴芬·拉夫
贞斯·奥格·蒙克
布赖恩·里琴
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Novo Nordisk AS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于糖尿病自疗的设备。该设备的特别优点在于包括多个装置,每个装置具有其专门的功能,这些功能与糖尿病人必须自己完成的多个动作相对应。这些单独的装置可以相互连接,并且该组合体包括至少一个体液分析器和一个用于给病人供给一预定剂量胰岛素的定量装置。每种装置可有几个尺寸,这样,使用者本人就可以根据当前需要而把相应尺寸的相应装置组合起来。这减少了忘记装置部件的危险,并且因为它对于使用者来说显然是一个完整的设备,其由统一标准的部件所构成,所以提高了使用该设备的可信度。

Description

一种病人用来进行糖尿病药物自疗的医疗设备
本发明涉及一种病人用来进行糖尿病药物自疗的医疗设备，该治疗包括一个第一操作和至少一个第二操作，该设备包含一个用于实施所述第一操作的第一装置和一个用于实施所述第二操作的第二装置。
许多年来，已经可以买到各种用于治疗糖尿病的装置，例如用于注射胰岛素的装置、用于测量血糖的装置(这种装置在下面被称为BGM)、用于抽取血样的装置、以及其它附件，其目的在于，使得病人能够独立地并以一个高的卫生标准来照顾他的病情。许多糖尿病病人是很容易对医疗设备产生不安全感的老人，而且还有许多年轻人也需要确定该设备状况良好，即，所有情况都很正常。或者如任何人都会常常对他的孩子说：你都准备好了，是吗?
还曾尝试把几个必要装置合并在一起组成一个单一的整体设备，参见例如美国专利No.5,536,249。这也不是理想的解决方案，因为这种多功能装置通常不好操作。在手中拿着器具的病人也许并不完全保证并完全确信他已经精确地给设备设定了通过可编程的计算机而要完成的功能。设备越复杂，则出现故障的危险就越大，这就意味着实际上应该有两个这样的多功能装置可供使用。
可以配置各种装置，以用于实现与糖尿病治疗有关的各种相应的功能，如：刺血针装置、体液分析器、用于将预定剂量的药物供给病人的定量装置。另外，还有糖尿病人使用的许多其它辅助装置，例如用于血液分析器的试条、用于擦掉血的布巾、额外的胰岛素药物容器(carpoule)、葡萄糖片、废物容器等。
通常不会把两个单独装置组合在一起，因为本行业的制造商倾向于专门制造一种单一装置。然而，美国专利No.4,469,110公开了一种刺血针装置以及一种简单形式的BGM(比色测量方法)，其可以与一个单一的手持设备互相连接。
本发明的目的在于使单独的装置能够相互进行物理地连接，以便完善糖尿病的自疗。
另一个目的在于构制这些单独的可相互连接的装置，从而使最佳的治疗尽可能地与使用者的特定情况无关。
本发明进一步的目的在于提供一种用于糖尿病自疗的该类型的设备，这样，一方面，使用者肯定他具有与未来时间范围相关的所有装置，并且另一方面，使用者对该设备的使用有信心。
该目的可以通过使至少一个BGM和一个胰岛素测剂量装置可与一个单一装置相互连接来达到。该组合体确实能促进胰岛素治疗，因为对于使用者来说，如果他刚测量了他的血糖的话，他就能更明白地调节胰岛素平衡；或者如果使用者知道他要服用胰岛素的话，那么显然首先要测血糖含量。该组合体和通常观点的不同之处在于，这两个装置不是合成整体，这可能是因为制造商们专门生产其中一种或另一种装置。
本发明并不局限于BGM和胰岛素定量装置的组合体，因为这些装置可以与其它在胰岛素治疗中所用的装置配合。
单独的装置可以组合在一起，以使该设备正好符合一个给定的需要，这意味着该设备占据小空间是可能的，同时即使对于有视力缺陷的用户来说也容易辨认出每个单独的装置，这样，他们就会非常确信这些装置组合在一起。当这些装置物理地组合在一起的时候，使用者们也将确信例如所用的测量装置是一样的。这就改善了使用本发明设备的可靠性。
通常血糖测量装置包括一个温度监控装置，并且在一个优选的实施例中，该温度监控装置是这样设置的：当按照本发明将血液分析器和胰岛素注射装置组合在一起的时候，它靠近胰岛素药物容器。该温度控制装置因此就不仅可以用来调节血糖的测量，而且如果该设备处于一个太热的温度环境中并且胰岛素已被破坏的话还可以用来提醒使用者。把BGM和测剂量装置精确地组合在一起是一个特别的技术优点。
除了根据需要而将各种装置组合在一起的可能性之外，对于一种或更多种装置，还可能有几个尺寸。这可能尤其对胰岛素注射装置以及存储装置有关，让使用者能够精确地把在一个给定情况中所需要的有关尺寸的装置组合起来，例如在一个晚会上、一个工作日中、一个周末或在假期中。由本发明的设备所获得的最佳治疗因此就更加与使用者所处的特定情况无关，而在这些情况中不便用已知的单独装置进行治疗。
在本发明中，这些装置具有使用者知道的其自身易于识别的功能。本发明不排斥用使用者的其它旧的(即，已知的和安全的)装置与本发明结合使用，这鼓励使用者利用按照本发明安装在一起的装置来扩展他的自疗设备。
最后，本发明的基本特征在于：所述的优点对于把BGM测量和胰岛素定量看作紧密联合的行为的使用者的感觉和习惯来说是非常重要的，这就产生了更好的自疗。
图1所示为一种具有一个普通盖子的现有技术的测剂量装置；
图2所示为安装有一个BGM的测剂量装置和盖子；
图3所示为安装有一个BGM和一个刺血针装置的测剂量装置和盖子；
图4所示为安装有一个BGM、一个刺血针装置和一个试条容器的测剂量装置和盖子；
图5所示为具有一个BGM、一个刺血针装置、一个试条容器和一个附加容器以及有用的/所要求的附件的盖子；
图6所示为一个盖子，其具有BGM、刺血针装置、试条容器和一个小型测剂量装置、以及一个缩小一半的容器和有用的/所要求的附件；
图7所示为在图1-6中出现的零件的第一组合体；
图8所示为在图1-6中出现的零件的第二组合体；
图9所示为在图1-6中出现的零件的第三组合体。
下面将参照图1-6对本发明的一个实施例进行详细描述。图7-9显示出一些有用的组合体，这些组合体说明了本发明的使用。
本发明还开发出使组合体类型加宽的可能性，即每个所述装置都可以具有几个尺寸。优选的胰岛素测剂量装置例如可以用两个一半尺寸的胰岛素注射笔来代替，并且废物容器可以代替这些笔之一而插入。
图1显示出一个测剂量装置20和一个盖子10。该测剂量装置20包括一个转轮21，以便用电子学方法或用手动方法来调节所要供给的药剂的水平/数量，还包括一个显示器22，该显示器显示了所要供给的药剂的当前选择的数量。测剂量装置20具有处理装置和存储装置，象一个CPU和RAM一样，用来存储数据，如时间、日期和最后两次供给的药剂数量。这些信息按照要求会显示在显示器22中。测剂量装置20还包括一个药物容器(未示出)，其装有药剂并安装有一根针27，通过该针来将药剂引入机体。测剂量装置20具有一个透明的窗口25，这样，就能容易地看出在药物容器中剩余的药剂量。盖子10可以安装在测剂量装置20上，这样就可以获得一个单一紧凑的设备，并能保护测剂量装置20、针27等。
图2显示出一个对应于图1中的测剂量装置的测剂量装置20。还显示出一个盖子部件10和一个BGM30。本发明基于这种情况，即，测剂量装置20和BGM30非常频繁地一起使用，本发明的一个实施例可以是一个盖子，其中BGM30为一个组成部件。另一个实施例在图2中示出并且在后面进行描述，它可以是一个这样的装置：其中，BGM30可通过锁紧装置31而以这样一种方式可拆卸地安装在盖子部件上，即，形成一个作为盖子的单一部件35。其优点在于，当盖子部件35安装在测剂量装置20上的时候，就能以一种非常紧凑和简便的形式得到在功能上相关的一组部件。通过这种安排而适用于使用者的另一个选择方案为：如果在特定的情况中在一个给定情况下不需要BGM30的话，使用者只要把BGM30留在家里，从而减小该装置的尺寸并把该尺寸保持在一个绝对最小值。
BGM30具有用于插入含有血样的试条52(未示出，参见图4)的装置34，以便通过操纵按纽36用BGM30进行分析。分析的结果显示在显示器32中。
盖子部件35还可以设有一个温度传感器12，该传感器在BGM30工作期间测定外界的温度。这个温度对于在血样分析之前对BGM30进行校准来说是必需的。该温度传感器12可以安放在药物容器旁边，这样，当该盖子部件35安装在测剂量装置20之上时，除了用在校准之外，可以获得一个额外的好处。在这个位置上，传感器12可以监控装在药物容器内部的药剂的温度。如果药剂对温度敏感并且在药剂温度超出给定范围的情况下会破坏或毁坏的话，这个额外的特征就非常有用。因此，如果药剂处于一个不利的温度下的话，BGM30就可以提醒使用者，这就改善了使用者的安全性，尤其在药剂为胰岛素的情况中，在这种情况中使用/注射已损坏的药物会产生危及生命的情况。
图3显示了一个测剂量装置20和一个盖子装置35，其最好象图2中的盖子装置一样包括盖子10和BGM30，但是还具有额外的特征，即，具有一个通过锁紧装置31而可拆卸地安装在BGM30上的刺血针装置40。该刺血针装置40是这样使用的，即，首先通过夹具44而使该刺血针装置加载，然后按下按纽42，这就松开了刺血针，刺血针刺入皮肤中，这样就能获得一个血样。采用这样的结构，该刺血针装置40总是在手边。其优点在于，总是会有一个刺血针装置40可用来取血样并把该血样提供给一个试条52。然后可借助于装置34把试条52插进BGM30中，BGM30将开始分析该血样，并且在完成血样分析之后将在显示器32中显示出结果。把BGM30和刺血针装置40一起安装在一个紧凑装置中是非常有用的，这是由于通常不会在没有刺血针装置40的情况下使用BGM30，从而避免了使用多个不同装置时可能出现的忙乱和不确定。另一方面，如果使用者已经有一个刺血针装置并且习惯于而且熟悉于使用这个特定的刺血针装置的话，他可以仍然使用这个原来的刺血针装置，并且只使用剩下的部件，这将会是一种包括一个测剂量装置20和一个BGM30在内的紧凑装置。因此会降低成本。
图4显示了来自图3的一个测剂量装置20和一个盖子装置35，但是其中可以通过锁紧装置31来增加/安装一个试条容器50的附加特征，该容器用来在空间55中安全地保存/存储试条52。采用这个附件，将总是会有一试条52可以利用。当盖子装置35安装在测剂量装置20上的时候，这个附件还加强了所获得的紧凑装置的用途。现在使用者不仅可以具有一个单一紧凑的装置，其中包括所有的用于取血样和分析血样的装置，还可以只用必要的零件(例如用一个BGM30加上一个试条容器50或一个刺血针和测剂量装置20)得到一个甚至更小的紧凑装置，这取决于特定的情况。
图4显示了可以用本发明的设备来得到的许多可能的组合体中的一种。其它有用的组合体的例子如图7-9中所示。在图4中所示的组合体的总的优点在于，它可以引导使用者做一些辅助的血糖测量，并在这些部件被组装成一个装置的时候合理地控制胰岛素的注射。还有一些情况，在这些情况中需要进行许多血糖测量和注射，即，与所谓的胰岛素类似物有关，它们是非常快的反应物质，在10分钟的数量级内。
图5显示出一个对应于图4中的盖子装置的盖子装置35。其没有测剂量装置20，而是设有一个容器装置60，其具有一个用于存储每天自疗所需要的物品的相对较大的空间69。对于一个糖尿病人来说，例如，这些物品可以是用于在取血样之后擦掉过多的血的布巾61、一个用于容纳用过的物品的废物容器62、一个可以装其它类型胰岛素的附加的药物容器63、用于测剂量装置的备用针27、用于刺血针装置40的备用刺血针65、呈葡萄糖药片64形式的一些葡萄糖，等等。在一些情况中以及在某种形式的糖尿病中，可以通过服用存储在容器中的药丸来替代胰岛素的注射，因此这就替代了上述的测剂量装置。所有这些物品，或者用于一种给定情况的最相关的物品，都可以放在容器空间69中，以便在需要的时候容易取出。以前，使用者必须带着一个用于每个装置(BGM、测剂量装置、刺血针装置等)的袋子和相应的附件。因此，当盖子装置35安装在容器装置60上的时候，就获得一个单一紧凑的容易携带的装置，这就可以按照用户要求定做，以满足特殊日子或情况的特殊要求。
当然，这些单独的装置也可以根据本发明而相互连接，并且不把BMG和测剂量装置连接在一起。如果不需要测剂量装置20的话-在所有情况中，糖尿病人并不总是需要测剂量装置，因为有时候他只需要观察他血液中的葡萄糖水平并通过饮食来调节这一水平-那么也可获得一个具有所有必要物品的紧凑装置。如果需要测剂量装置20的话，那么该测剂量装置20可以与普通的盖子10安装在一起，因此，将有两种这样的装置，该装置以一种非常紧凑和方便的形式包含有在每种情况中所需要的每种物品。
图6显示了一个对应于图5中的装置和附件的盖子装置35和附件61-65以及27。还显示出一个简单的小型的(如一次性的)测剂量装置80(如一支胰岛素注射笔)，其带有一个转轮85，用来调节所要使用的药物的水平/数量。在调节期间，显示器84显示了当前所选择的所要使用的药物数量。在已设定好合适的药物水平之后，使用者就可以按下释放按纽82，这样就通过针87而手工地注射/服用所选择数量的药物。测剂量装置80还包括一个装有该药物的药物容器(未示出)。测剂量装置80有一个透明的窗口88，这样，可以容易地知道在药物容器中剩余的药物数量。这个实施例还包括一个容器装置70，该装置的尺寸为图5中容器装置60的一半。这些小尺寸的装置70、80可以安装进盖子装置35中，从而就能形成一个紧凑的自疗装置。
因此，用这套组件，就可以按用户需要定做一种具有在给定情况中所需要的物品的最佳紧凑组件。该组件不仅可以设计成满足需要所有物品的情况，从而最后得到两种紧凑装置，即，具有一个普通盖子10的测剂量装置20和一个具有大容器60的盖子装置35，该容器含有附件61-65以及27中的一部分或全部，该组件也可以设计成一种只包含在一个单一情况中所需要的物品的微型组件，例如：小的测剂量装置80、安装在具有或不具有BGM30的盖子装置35中的尺寸缩小一半的容器70、刺血针装置40和试条容器50，这取决于特定的情况。
图7显示出盖子10、BGM30和存储容器60的一个组合体。这种装置的组合体适合于例如服用呈药片形式的胰岛素调节药物的类型2的糖尿病人。在这里，存储容器60可以装有备用刺血针65(其可以属于另一种刺血针装置的构造，它没有在图7中的组合体中显示出来)、试条52、呈葡萄糖药片64形式的葡萄糖以及呈药片形式的胰岛素调节药物。在图7中所示的该组合体的另一种用途是非冷冻地存储附加的胰岛素，而通过温度监控装置12来监测温度。
在图8中所示的组合体可以被称为合而为一。胰岛素注射装置由尺寸缩小一半的胰岛素注射笔替代，这就为容器70腾出了空间(为图7中容器60尺寸的一半)。
图9显示出另一种可能的组合体，其采用了两根胰岛素注射笔，这样，使用者就不但可以携带慢反应的胰岛素，而且还可以携带快速反应的胰岛素。其中一支笔也可以包含上述非常快反应的胰岛素类似物中的一种。很显然，图9中的组合体也可添加如图8中所示的刺血针装置。
现在将可以理解，存在许多可行的组合体，这让使用者能够精确地对在给定情况中所需要的设备进行组合。在优选的实施例中，将单独的装置并排组合在一起，并且在更大或更小的实施例中在侧面方向上显示出存储容器和胰岛素注射装置。很显然，根据本发明的设备也可以包括可以在纵向方向上相互连接和改变的装置。

Claims (10)

1．一种由病人用来进行糖尿病药物自疗的医疗设备，所述治疗包括一第一操作和至少一第二操作，该设备包括一个用于进行第一操作的第一设备和一个用于进行第二操作的第二设备，其特征在于，第一设备和第二设备能可拆卸地安装在一起，以形成一个可由病人携带的单一装置，并且所述设备至少包括一个体液分析器和一个用于为病人供给一个预定剂量的胰岛素的测剂量装置。
2．如权利要求1所述的医疗设备，其特征在于，所述体液分析器是一种血糖监测器。
3．如权利要求1所述的医疗设备，其特征在于，所述测剂量装置是一种胰岛素注射装置。
4．如权利要求1所述的医疗设备，其特征在于，该设备具有存储空间，用于存放体液分析器所用的一些刺血针。
5．如权利要求1所述的医疗设备，其特征在于，该设备具有存储空间，用于存放体液分析器所用的一些试条。
6．如权利要求3所述的医疗设备，其特征在于，该设备具有存储空间，用于存放额外的胰岛素供给源(药物容器)。
7．如权利要求2所述的医疗设备，其中血糖监测器包括一个温度监控装置，其特征在于，当血糖监测器和胰岛素注射装置安装在一起的时候，温度监控装置将会监测胰岛素注射装置中的胰岛素温度。
8．如上述权利要求之一所述的设备，其特征在于，所述装置中的任何一种可以以不同尺寸出现，以便与其它装置相互连接。
9．如权利要求8所述的设备，其特征在于，胰岛素注射装置包括两根作为一对而安装在所述盖子中的胰岛素注射笔。
10．如权利要求8所述的设备，其特征在于，该设备包括作为一对而安装在所述盖子中的一根胰岛素注射笔和一个存储装置。
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