CN1308539C - High strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
High strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1308539C CN1308539C CNB2005100420333A CN200510042033A CN1308539C CN 1308539 C CN1308539 C CN 1308539C CN B2005100420333 A CNB2005100420333 A CN B2005100420333A CN 200510042033 A CN200510042033 A CN 200510042033A CN 1308539 C CN1308539 C CN 1308539C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to high-strength superfine emulation fiber leather which is prepared by the method that a sea island type superfine fiber base fabric is infused with polyurethane through extraction treatment and post treatment. The used base fabric is prepared by compounding two blank fabrics of a sea island type compound fiber weaving fabric and a non-woven fabric by a needle punching method or a bonding compounding method, and a compound base fabric with two layers or more than two layers is formed. The base fabric is infused with polyurethane and is solidified. Then, the base fabric is put in a solvent which can remove sea components from sea island fibers to extract sea components, and a semi-finished product of high-strength superfine emulation compound fiber leather is prepared. Finally, post finishing technology of expanding forming, leather kneading, dyeing, roughing or film sticking and the like are carried out according to different requirements to obtain emulation compound leather products with different surface structures of napped surfaces or grain surfaces, etc. The high-strength superfine emulation compound fiber leather has the characteristics of high strength, good elasticity, small tensile strength difference in the warp direction and the weft direction, ventilation performance, humidity permeable performance, slipperiness, stiffness and the like, and is especially suitable for the requirements of the fields of high-grade clothes, shoes, sofas, suitcases, chairs of vehicles, sport articles, military articles, etc.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to simulation composite lether and manufacture method thereof, specifically, relate to a kind of high strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether and manufacture method thereof that contains composite bed.
Background technology:
Substitute as natural leather---synthetic leather because its outward appearance high conformity, non-maintaining, easily advantage such as cut out gradually by the consumer acceptance, but because its ventilative poor, poor development that influenced of wetting thoroughly.In recent years, owing to invented sea-island composite fiber, and the fibre fineness of sea-island composite fiber is below 0.01 DENIER, so the synthetic leather made from the sea-island composite fiber nonwoven fabric exactly likes natural leather, its soft and smooth property, surface aesthetic, gas permeability, poisture-penetrability, intensity, service life almost can match in excellence or beauty with natural corium, particularly bright-coloured, the quality homogeneous of pattern, anti-damage by worms, easily cut out etc. be better than natural corium, so this new product once appearance, just is subjected to consumers in general's favor.But because the manufacturability characteristics that the sea-island composite fiber nonwoven fabric is made determined that tensile strength differs greatly on the both direction of nonwoven fabric warp-wise and broadwise, and deflection are also different after standing external force on this both direction.Also have prior art to be mostly to pursue the fineness of superfine fibre and the surface treatment effect of manufactured goods, make it have good surface appearance and sense of touch, ignore the problem of high strength, high resilience deficiency, restricted the performance of high-grade synthetic leather combination property, application is restricted.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of existing advantage that can either keep existing sea-island composite fiber nonwoven fabric synthetic leather product, can solve simultaneously longitude and latitude the make progress high strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether and the manufacture method thereof of the big and high strength of tensile strength difference, the not enough problem of high resilience again, to satisfy the demand of market to high-grade simulated leather goods.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
High strength ultrafine fiber simulation of the present invention leather be by sea-island composite fiber base cloth dipping elastomeric polymer through extract out handle and after put in order and make, it is characterized in that used base cloth is by islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre woven cloths and two kinds of grey cloths of nonwoven fabric, be combined with each other by acupuncture or bonding composite algorithm, constitute two-layer or two-layer above composite construction; Treated, make contain elastomeric polymer 20～60% (weight %), the fibre single thread fiber number is the compound imitation leather of superfine fibre that the space is arranged between 0.01～0.0005 DENIER and fiber.
Above-mentioned compound base cloth can adopt multiple composite construction form, and the inventor thinks that following several version is comparatively desirable version: (a) be combined with each other by acupuncture or bonding by layer of non-woven fabric (1) and one deck woven cloths (2); (b) be combined with each other by acupuncture or bonding by layer of non-woven fabric (1) and in its positive and negative two sides compound one deck woven cloths of difference (2); (c) by middle one deck woven cloths (2) be combined with each other by acupuncture or bonding in its double-edged two-layer nonwoven (1); (d) be superimposed by two-layer or two-layer above woven cloths (2) and nonwoven fabric (1), be combined with each other by acupuncture or bonding.
The manufacture method of high strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether of the present invention comprises that manufacturing islands-in-sea type fibre, manufacturing woven cloths and nonwoven fabric, two kinds of grey cloths are combined into operations such as base cloth, dipping polyurethane, extraction " sea " composition and back arrangement.
At first adopting two or more immiscible high molecular polymer is raw material, makes islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre by the blend melt spinning technology; Adopt hatching and non-woven method more respectively, islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre is processed into woven cloths and nonwoven fabric grey cloth; Two kinds of grey cloths are combined with each other by acupuncture or mull technique, form the compound base cloth of two-layer or two-layer above structure; With the base cloth dipping elastomeric polymer polyurethane of making, and make its curing; The base cloth that will contain polyurethane is then put into the solvent that can remove islands-in-sea type fibre " sea " composition, extracts out and separates " sea " composition, makes " island " composition form superfine fibre, promptly makes the high strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether semi-finished product; Carry out the expanding typing, rub the simulation composite lether product that postfinishing process such as skin, dyeing, sanding or pad pasting obtain different surfaces structures such as matte or grain according to different needs at last.
In the technique scheme, the high molecular polymerization raw material of said making islands-in-sea type fibre, preferred polyamide or polyester are the composition on " island ", and polyethylene or polyvinyl alcohol are " sea " composition: elastomeric polymer optimization polyurethane resin; Preferred hot toluene of solvent or hot alkali water; That hatching mainly comprises is woven, knitting, through volume, weft-knitted technology etc.; Back finishing technique mainly comprises the expanding typing, rubs skin, dyeing, sanding, pad pasting, split etc.
In the technique scheme, said woven cloths also can adopt cloth woven, knitting, that be made into through technologies such as volume, weft knittings to substitute with other traditional fibre.
The concrete manufacture process and the condition of high strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether of the present invention are as follows:
(1), will make high molecular polymerization raw material " island " the composition polyamide of islands-in-sea type fibre or polyester and " sea " composition polyethylene or polyvinyl alcohol with 80～50%: 20～50% weight ratio batch mixings, adopt two component blend melt spinning technology to make the islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre of (3～7) D * (30～65) mm.
(2), utilize the weaving weaving technology, (1) item islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre is made woven cloths, thickness is 0.2～2.0mm.Or make woven cloths with existing other satisfactory traditional fibre.
(3), utilizing the nonwoven fabric manufacturing technology that (1) fabric of island-in-sea type composite short fiber is obtained average grammes per square metre through shredding, combing, lapping, acupuncture is 120g/m
2～800g/m
2, thickness 0.3～3.0mm nonwoven fabric.Require surfacing, even, the needling density 〉=1000 pins/cm of thickness
2Perhaps on the woven cloths basis, directly acupuncture becomes satisfactory nonwoven fabric.
(4) woven cloths that (2) and (3) item is obtained and nonwoven fabric carry out the compound or compound base cloth that makes that bonds of acupuncture according to different-thickness and specification and the number of plies.The acupuncture compound tense, needling density 〉=1000 pins/cm
2The bonding compound tense can adopt non-woven bonding mode, and preferred cellular polyurethane carries out bonding.As adopting direct needle punched non-woven fabrics on woven cloths, can economize step (4).
(5) the compound base cloth of (4) is carried out the vacuum impregnation processing with the polyurethane impregnated liquid of 10～25% concentration, the pickup of polyurethane is 20～76% of a base cloth weight, be that 20～60% temperature are that 20～60 ℃ the DMF aqueous solution solidifies polyurethane with concentration again, remove DMF with 30～50 ℃ of WATER-WASHING METHOD then, obtain containing the base cloth of polyurethane.
(6) base cloth that contains polyurethane with (5) item carries out the adverse current extraction with 80～90 ℃ hot toluene or 30～80 ℃ hot alkali water, separate " sea " composition polyethylene or polyvinyl alcohol, after washing with water totally again, make the compound imitation leather semi-finished product of superfine fibre, its filament number is between 0.01～0.0005 DENIER and fiber the space to be arranged.
(7) at last the superfine fibre composite lether semi-finished product of (6) are carried out that expanding typing, chemical softening and/or machinery are soft, dyeing and sanding ornamenting handle, and also can carry out sheet as required and cut processing, makes high strength ultrafine fiber matte simulation composite lether.
(8) if need the grain high strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether, then to handle and carry out the pad pasting processing on the basis in (7) item parts, rete is a polyurethane, thereby makes the high strength ultrafine fiber grain simulation composite lether of different colours and lines.
High strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether of the present invention has intensity height, good springiness,, air-moisture-permeable little through broadwise difference, smooth characteristics such as well-pressed, is specially adapted to the demand in multiple fields such as high-grade clothing, footwear, sofa, case and bag, vehicle seat, sports goods, military project articles for use
Compared with the prior art high strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether of the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) owing to adopted the high woven cloths of tensile strength to do the base cloth skeleton, improved the tensile strength and the tearing toughness of product, tensile strength and tearing toughness reach 20MPa respectively, more than the 120N.
(2) owing to woven cloths warp, broadwise difference as this product skeleton are little, remedied the warp-wise and the powerful difference of broadwise of nonwoven fabric, tensile strength and extension rate difference are reduced greatly.Tensile strength difference≤2MPa, extension rate difference≤5%.
(3) owing to each layer structure difference of product composite bed, it is little to be subjected to external force to influence deflection, and shaping performance is good, can keep the rerum natura of product and physical dimension stable.
(4) because product carries out the otherness of elasticity processing and two kinds of structures, comprehensive shock resistance resilience is good, and kishke feel is strong.
(5) owing to adopt same materials, technology is simple, and treatment effect is good, has kept the excellent characteristic of superfine fibre.
(6) manufacture method is reliable, and technology is ripe relatively, constant product quality, and good combination property, of many uses.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the profile of layer of non-woven fabric (1) and one deck woven cloths (2) base fabric structure;
Fig. 2 is the profile of layer of non-woven fabric (1) and two layers of woven cloths (2) base fabric structure;
Fig. 3 is the profile of two layers of nonwoven fabric (1) and one deck woven cloths (2) base fabric structure;
Fig. 4 is the profile of multi-layer nonwoven fabrics (1) and multi-layer woven cloth (2) base fabric structure;
(1) is that nonwoven fabric (2) is woven cloths among the figure.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Nylon-6 and polyethylene are pressed 70: 30 parts by weight mixed meltings, reel off raw silk from cocoons, make the islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre of (3～7) D * (30～65) mm through spinning machine; Utilize textile technology, above-mentioned islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre is made the woven cloths that thickness is 0.3mm; Utilize the nonwoven fabric weaving technology that above-mentioned fabric of island-in-sea type composite short fiber is made average grammes per square metre and be 160g/m
2, thickness 0.5mm nonwoven fabric; Again that the layer of non-woven fabric and one deck woven cloths that make is superimposed by the mode of accompanying drawing 1, at needling density 1200 pins/cm
2The compound base cloth of making of acupuncture under the condition.Carrying out vacuum impregnation with 18% concentration polyurethane impregnated liquid handles, pass through maceration extract with speed equably, make polyurethane impregnated in fibre gap, the pickup of polyurethane is 25% of a base cloth weight, again with concentration be 40%, temperature is that 50 ℃ the DMF aqueous solution solidifies polyurethane, remove dimethyl formamide (DMF) with 40 ℃ of hot water wash then, make the base cloth that contains polyurethane; Extract polyethylene " sea " composition out with 90 ℃ hot toluene adverse current again, clean with water rinse, make layer of non-woven fabric (1) and one deck woven cloths (2), contain elastomeric polymer 26% (weight %), the fibre single thread fiber number is compound imitation leather half product of superfine fibre that the space is arranged between 0.01～0.0005 DENIER and fiber; Carry out expanding typing, chemical softening and machinery softness, dyeing and sanding ornamenting again and handle, promptly make the compound imitation leather of the painted bundle superfine fibre polyurethane of matte.
This product is through broadwise tensile strength difference 1.8MPa, extension rate difference 4.5%.
Embodiment 2:
Nylon-6 and polyethylene are pressed 65: 35 parts by weight mixed meltings, reel off raw silk from cocoons, make the islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre of (3～7) D * (30～65) mm through spinning machine; Utilize weaving technology, above-mentioned islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre is made the woven cloths that thickness is 0.5mm; Utilize the nonwoven fabric manufacturing technology that above-mentioned fabric of island-in-sea type composite short fiber is made average grammes per square metre and be 300g/m
2, thickness 1.0mm nonwoven fabric; The above-mentioned two layers of nonwoven fabric that makes and one deck woven cloths is superimposed by the mode of accompanying drawing 3, at needling density 1500 pins/cm
2The compound base cloth of making of acupuncture under the condition; Carrying out vacuum impregnation with 20% concentration polyurethane impregnated liquid handles, pass through maceration extract with speed equably, make polyurethane impregnated in fibre gap, the pickup of polyurethane is 35% of a base cloth weight, again with concentration be 45%, temperature is that 40 ℃ the DMF aqueous solution solidifies polyurethane, be that 50 ℃ of hot water wash are removed dimethyl formamide (DMF) with temperature then, make the base cloth that contains polyurethane; Carry out adverse current with 80 ℃ hot toluene again and extract the polyethylene sea component out, clean with water rinse, promptly make in the middle of one deck woven cloths (2) and in its double-edged two-layer nonwoven (1), contain elastomeric polymer 35% (weight %), the fibre single thread fiber number is compound imitation leather half product of superfine fibre that the space is arranged between 0.01～0.0005 DENIER and fiber; Carry out expanding typing, chemical softening and machinery softness, dyeing and sanding ornamenting again and handle, promptly make the compound imitation leather of the painted bundle superfine fibre polyurethane of matte.
This product is through broadwise tensile strength difference 1.5MPa, extension rate difference 4%.
Embodiment 3:
Polyester and polyvinyl alcohol are pressed 80: 20 parts by weight mixed meltings, reel off raw silk from cocoons, make the islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre of (3～7) D * (30～65) mm through spinning machine; Utilize weaving technology, above-mentioned islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre is made the woven cloths that thickness is 0.5mm; Utilize the nonwoven fabric weaving technology that above-mentioned fabric of island-in-sea type composite short fiber is made average grammes per square metre and be 300g/m
2, thickness 1.0mm nonwoven fabric; The above-mentioned layer of non-woven fabric that makes and two layers of woven cloths is superimposed and make compound base cloth with the cellular polyurethane bonding by the mode of accompanying drawing 2; Carrying out vacuum impregnation with 25% concentration polyurethane impregnated liquid handles, pass through maceration extract with speed equably, make polyurethane impregnated in fibre gap, the polyurethane impregnated amount is 20% of a base cloth weight, again with concentration be 60%, temperature is that 50 ℃ the DMF aqueous solution solidifies polyurethane, be that 40 ℃ of hot water wash are removed dimethyl formamide (DMF) with temperature then, make the base cloth that contains polyurethane; Extract the polyvinyl alcohol sea component out with 80 ℃ hot alkali water adverse current again, with water rinse totally promptly make layer of non-woven fabric (1) and in the two-layer woven cloths in its positive and negative two sides (2), contain elastomeric polymer 20% (weight %), the fibre single thread fiber number is compound imitation leather half product of superfine fibre that the space is arranged between 0.01～0.0005 DENIER and fiber; Carrying out expanding typing, chemical softening and machinery softness, dyeing and sanding ornamenting again handles; Promptly manufacture the compound imitation leather of the painted bundle superfine fibre polyurethane of grain through pad pasting again.
This product is through broadwise tensile strength difference 1.2MPa, extension rate difference 2.5%.
Embodiment 4:
Nylon-6 and polyethylene are pressed 50: 50 parts by weight mixed meltings, reel off raw silk from cocoons, make the islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre of (3～7) D * (30～65) mm through spinning machine; Utilize weaving technology, above-mentioned islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre is made the woven cloths that thickness is 1.5mm; Utilize the nonwoven fabric manufacturing technology that the fabric of island-in-sea type composite short fiber is made average grammes per square metre and be 150g/m
2, thickness 3mm nonwoven fabric; Above-mentioned two layers of nonwoven fabric and two layers of woven cloths that make are superimposed by the mode of accompanying drawing 4, at needling density 1800 pins/cm
2The compound base cloth of making of acupuncture under the condition; Carrying out vacuum impregnation with 12% concentration polyurethane impregnated liquid handles, pass through maceration extract with speed equably, make polyurethane impregnated in fibre gap, the pickup of polyurethane is 76% of a base cloth weight, again with concentration be 20%, temperature is that 50 ℃ the DMF aqueous solution solidifies polyurethane,, be that 50 ℃ of hot water wash are removed dimethyl formamide (DMF) with temperature then, make the base cloth that contains polyurethane; Extract polyethylene " sea " composition out with 90 ℃ hot toluene adverse current again, totally promptly make two-layer woven cloths (2) and two-layer nonwoven (1) is superimposed, contains elastomeric polymer 60% (weight %), the fibre single thread fiber number is compound imitation leather half product of superfine fibre that the space is arranged between 0.01～0.0005 DENIER and fiber with water rinse; Carry out expanding typing, chemical softening and machinery softness, dyeing, split and sanding ornamenting again and handle, promptly manufacture the compound imitation leather of the painted bundle superfine fibre polyurethane of matte.
This product is through broadwise tensile strength difference 1MPa, extension rate difference 2%.
Claims (3)
1. high strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether, it comprises: with the non-woven fabric layer of superfine fibre preparation; Tissue layer that the yarn made from superfine fibre is woven or knitted into and polyurethane resin; Wherein the superfine fibre of non-woven fabric layer and superfine fibre woven or the knit goods layer tangle each other by acupuncture, and superfine fibre is to be made by islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre, it is characterized in that: this composite lether polyurethane content is 20-60 weight %; Superfine fibre monfil fineness is: the 0.01-0.0005 DENIER; And the space is arranged between fiber; Its compound fabricbase adopts following version: (a) be combined with each other by acupuncture or bonding by layer of non-woven fabric (1) and in its positive and negative two sides compound one deck woven cloths of difference (2); (b) by middle one deck woven cloths (2) be combined with each other by acupuncture or bonding in its double-edged two-layer nonwoven (1); (c) be superimposed by two-layer or two-layer above woven cloths (2) and nonwoven fabric (1), be combined with each other by acupuncture or bonding; Its manufacturing technique and condition are as follows:
(1) will make high molecular polymerization raw material " island " the composition polyamide of islands-in-sea type fibre or polyester and " sea " composition polyethylene or polyvinyl alcohol with 80～50%: 20～50% weight ratio batch mixings, adopt two component blend melt spinning technology to make the islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre of (3～7) D * (30～65) mm;
(2) utilize the weaving weaving technology, (1) islands-in-sea bicomponent fibre is made woven cloths, thickness is 0.2～2.0mm, or makes woven cloths with existing other satisfactory traditional fibre;
(3) utilizing the nonwoven fabric manufacturing technology that (1) fabric of island-in-sea type composite short fiber is obtained average grammes per square metre through shredding, combing, lapping, acupuncture is 120g/m
2～800g/m
2, thickness 0.3～3.0mm nonwoven fabric.Require surfacing, even, the needling density 〉=1000 pins/cm of thickness
2, perhaps on the woven cloths basis, directly acupuncture becomes satisfactory nonwoven fabric;
(4) woven cloths that (2) and (3) item is obtained and nonwoven fabric carry out the compound or compound base cloth that makes that bonds of acupuncture, acupuncture compound tense, needling density 〉=1000 pins/cm according to different-thickness and specification and the number of plies
2, the bonding compound tense adopts cellular polyurethane to carry out bonding;
(5) the compound base cloth of (4) is carried out the vacuum impregnation processing with the polyurethane impregnated liquid of 10～25% concentration, the dipping weight of polyurethane is 20～62% of base cloth weight, be that 20～60% temperature are that 20～60 ℃ the DMF aqueous solution solidifies polyurethane with concentration again, remove DMF with 30～50 ℃ of WATER-WASHING METHOD then, obtain containing the base cloth of polyurethane;
(6) base cloth that contains polyurethane with (5) item carries out the adverse current extraction with 80～90 ℃ hot toluene or 30～80 ℃ hot alkali water, separate " sea " composition polyethylene or polyvinyl alcohol, after washing with water totally again, make the compound imitation leather semi-finished product of superfine fibre, its monfil fineness is between 0.01～0.0005 DENIER and fiber the space to be arranged;
(7) at last the superfine fibre composite lether semi-finished product of (6) are carried out that expanding typing, chemical softening and/or machinery are soft, dyeing and sanding ornamenting handle, or carries out sheet and cut processing, makes high strength ultrafine fiber matte simulation composite lether.
2. the manufacture method of high strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether according to claim 1 is characterized in that said woven cloths adopts cloth woven, knitting, that be made into through volume, weft-knitted technology to substitute with traditional fibre.
3. the manufacture method of high strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether according to claim 1, the grain rete that it is characterized in that forming behind the pad pasting grain surface structure is a polyurethane.
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| CNB2005100420333A CN1308539C (en) | 2005-01-18 | 2005-01-18 | High strength ultrafine fiber simulation composite lether and its manufacturing method |
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| CN1651644A CN1651644A (en) | 2005-08-10 |
| CN1308539C true CN1308539C (en) | 2007-04-04 |
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| CN1306903A (en) * | 2000-01-06 | 2001-08-08 | 可乐丽股份有限公司 | Artificial leather shoes and artificial leather suitable for making shoes |
| WO2003064756A1 (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2003-08-07 | Kolon Industries, Inc | A composite sheet used for artificial leather with low elongation and excellent softness |
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| CN1651644A (en) | 2005-08-10 |
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