CN1343380A - Microstrip antenna arrangement in communication device - Google Patents
Microstrip antenna arrangement in communication device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1343380A CN1343380A CN00804685A CN00804685A CN1343380A CN 1343380 A CN1343380 A CN 1343380A CN 00804685 A CN00804685 A CN 00804685A CN 00804685 A CN00804685 A CN 00804685A CN 1343380 A CN1343380 A CN 1343380A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- radiator
- ground level
- communication device
- elements
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
- H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
- H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
- H01Q5/385—Two or more parasitic elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0471—Non-planar, stepped or wedge-shaped patch
Abstract
The invention relates to a microstrip antenna arrangement in a communication device comprising at least two resonance antenna elements (11, 12) resonating at mutually different wavelengths, said antenna elements being arranged in relation to at least one shared ground plane (14), each of the at least two antenna elements (11, 12) establishing a directional radiation pattern.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of microstrip antenna device in communication device and a kind of communication device according to claim 7 and 8 according to claim 1.
When determining the size of communication device, one of a plurality of important design parameter are the sizes of final products.Particularly in the technology of design mobile communication device, the size of product has changed into an important contention parameter.
A prior design parameter relates to and obtains firm structure.When design ambulatory handheld communication device, it is essential to obtain firm device, damage more or less because moving device is often accidental between the daily operating period of device.The moving device part of easy damage generally is an exterior antenna, for example whip antenna.
A kind ofly repay examination as what avoid this serious problems, some moving device designers have selected to depend on internal antenna design, as sticking patch shape antenna.Such antenna has such advantage, and all active antenna elements can be included in the housing of moving device, and therefore significantly improves the robustness of antenna element.
A shortcoming of inner sticking patch shape antenna is that it needs the designer of very high qualification, because the internal placement of antenna element occupies the big space that is suitable for than in the device.But might design very compact and device small, high-quality however.
In the past few years, a general considerations relevant with mobile telecommunication is the serious expansion of cellular telecommunication, because client's number needs of Zeng Daing is wanted the corresponding increase of transmission capacity always.Especially, the network operator has selected to set up the biobelt cellular network, as GSM and DCS1800.
Therefore, if his or his cell phone can transmit and receive peak nest network, then mobile client can obtain advantage from these measures fully.
In the past few years, polytype biobelt cell phone comes into the market.The cellular applicability of biobelt means on market, and phone has been equipped with the outer lead antenna, and these antenna is developed by a pilot wire is added on the original lead basically, rather than exploitation has the cell phone of an inside antenna.Such Antenna Design has made might keep traditional external antenna designs, because can keep cellular internal structure more or less with respect to the space hold element.
So far, with new many band strategies to more and more littler cellular market trend pairing, as if changed the strategy of mobile manufacturing company, even it is externally all the more so on the direction of antenna, because inside antenna, direction microstrip antenna particularly needs the considerable part of cell phone inner space.
One object of the present invention is, a kind of many bands cell phone with direction radiation is provided.
When a kind of microstrip antenna device in communication device is included in that at least two resonant antenna elements of resonance under the mutually different wavelength, described antenna element are arranged with respect at least one shared ground level and each of described at least two antenna elements when setting up a direction radiation pattern, obtained being suitable for a kind of multiband antenna device that many ribbon gymnastics are done.Particularly, the antenna assembly that obtains is suitable for being used in for mechanical arrangement to be provided in the purposes in very little space.Above-mentioned layout is allowed the certain difference between the radiation pattern of the directional aerial of arranging.
The minimum dimension of ground level should be more preferably greater than 0.095 times of main operation resonance frequency, thereby guarantees enough directivity and the minimum difference mutually of direction between antenna.
The present invention lectures, if ground level is shared by two or more antennas, then can obtain the directional performance of antenna, because need broad ground level, so that obtain being used for the directional characteristic of two antennas.In the above-described embodiments, the cost of biobelt direction radiation pattern is the little inclination between the direction of two characteristics.
When as described in claim 2, the direction φ of described radiation pattern
1, φ
2When to define one be not 0 ° angle φ, obtained an embodiment easily, because the mutual space between radiant element should alaply keep.
Should be noted that angle φ mainly is defined in the direction of radiation pattern and a horizontal angle between the ground level normal,, see Fig. 4 because φ is more crucial one in two angles with respect to normal.
Should also be noted that angle φ should broadly be interpreted as comprising angle θ, because can allow that according to the present invention ground level tilts longitudinally.
According to document, all should keep θ and φ as small as possible at the horizontal and vertical of ground level respectively.
When as described in claim 3, angle θ when being preferably between 0 ° and 50 °, obtains one of the present invention embodiment easily in addition between 0 ° and 170 °.
When as described in claim 4, in φ=0 ° down the radiation pattern of each antenna greater than under φ=180 ° at least during 3dB, obtain an embodiment easily in addition of the present invention, because the composite behaviour of all antennas should keep highly as much as possible in the positive half-plane of antenna, and low as much as possible in the negative half-plane of antenna.
When as described in claim 5, antenna assembly comprises two antenna elements, each is suitable for respectively basically under 900MHz and basically during the frequency band under 1800MHz, obtain the best of the present invention and embodiment easily, because physics requires a kind of biobelt pattern of GSM and DCS system to make up, have benefited to revise that existing GSM direction sticking patch is arranged and the fact of Change Example such as cellular mechanical system design not basically.
When as described in claim 6, each antenna is as TM 10 mode antenna work, when promptly having a leading driving frequency, obtains an other illustrated embodiments of the present invention.
Should be noted that multiple microstrip radiator shape is possible within the scope of the invention, as sticking patch, circular patches or the annular sticking patch of above-mentioned and best rectangle or substantial rectangular.The electrical thickness of the substrate by increasing patch antenna and select to have the substrate of low-k can obtain bigger bandwidth.
Other variations with respect to the microstrip design comprise a kind of stacked microstrip antenna within the scope of the present invention, and wherein parasitic sticking patch adds a kind of double-decker to load.
When as described in claim 7, the direction of at least two radiation patterns can obtain other illustrated embodiments of the present invention by the radiation of setting up away from user's orientation, thereby obtain minimum SAR value and maximal efficiency away from the user.
When as described in claim 8, a kind of communication device have that a multiband antenna, described multiband antenna have at least two radiator antenna elements sharing a ground level, described at least two radiator elements each be suitable for the radiation of electromagnetic wavelength λ j, described radiator antenna element and described ground level and comprise that the minimum effective dimensions W of a kind of electronic conductive material, described shared ground level is more than or equal to 0.095 λ
m, λ
mAs wavelength X
iLong wavelength, and more preferably greater than 0.1 λ
mThe time, obtain a convenient embodiment of the present invention.
Shared ground level is the wherein ground level shared by radiator of plane at least in part.
An importance of the present invention is that the shared ground level of multiband antenna provides the direction radiation characteristic of radiator antenna element.Should be noted that different radiators is suitable for different wavelength, and therefore have different physical sizes.Even when sharing the plane in the same manner be suitable for as a General Physics size of resonant element operation for each of many bands radiator, also recognize, might obtain directional characteristic for each of radiator.Even should be noted that different radiant elements is spaced from each other also obtains the directional characteristic of wishing, because little difference that can the feasible direction characteristic according to the present invention.
When sharing ground level, obtain a kind of antenna assembly of compactness, because it is make the effective dimensions minimum of ground level, special when comparing with the antenna assembly that separates.
According to the present invention, more antenna element can be arranged in the top on plane in the same manner, and do not need must be with respect to the relative positioning symmetry between ground level and antenna element, so that multi-direction radiation pattern is provided., all radiation patterns can refer in identical direction, promptly frequent head away from the user.
When as described in claim 9, antenna radiator element is during by means of a contiguous coupling feed, obtains an embodiment easily in addition of the present invention.
When as described in claim 10, when antenna radiator element is shared contiguous coupling feed by means of one, obtain a kind of very compact pattern of antenna, because can implement contiguous coupling by means of feed line only.
When as described in claim 11, when antenna radiator comprised at least two TM10 mode antenna radiator elements, each antenna element had a leading resonance frequency basically.
The described multiband antenna that has at least two radiator antenna elements has a shared ground level, and each radiant element is suitable for the radiation of electromagnetic wavelength,
Described radiator antenna element and described ground level comprise a kind of electric conducting material,
At least two of described radiator antenna element (11,12) for described ground level (14) ground connection, and the antenna element (11,12) that has the free harmonic vibration end extends in such a way, thereby described free harmonic vibration end (11A, 12A) is facing with each other basically, obtains convenient embodiment of the present invention.
Particularly the combination of the height on plane and free harmonic vibration end width is easily above Ground.
When as described in claim 12, when a kind of at least one from the radiator antenna element to coupling of described ground level has size than the little width of described radiator antenna element, might reduce the length of radiator antenna element.
Usually, the frequency of this length control antenna element wherein means the lower frequency radiation than vast of heaven line.By with electric approach part plane and antenna element discretely, can obtain lower frequency by antenna element, and without development length.
With reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention will be described, in the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 represents according to a kind of best patch antenna device of the present invention,
Fig. 2 represents the principle according to patch antenna inclination of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is the key diagram according to the layout of some key elements of the embodiment of the invention, and
Fig. 4 is illustrated in the directivity between two radiation patterns of the present invention in the cross section of antenna assembly.
With reference to Fig. 1, biobelt patch antenna device according to the present invention is illustrated in the stereogram.
Antenna assembly comprises ground level 14 being incorporated among the PCB and electroplates two patch antennas 11 and 12 that are coupled on the ground level 14 through two ground connection 17A and 17B.Preferably under the low-limit frequency that needs by antenna at least 0.095 times of signal wavelength of the width of ground level 14.
Each antenna 11,12 has a free harmonic vibration end 11A or 12A.These ends are facing with each other, and are separated by the raceway groove of dielectric 18B.The width of dielectric 18B, promptly from the distance of 11A to 12A among scope 0.1mm to 10.0mm, 2.0mm is as optimum width.
Feed line passes ground level 14 through a feed pin 16 and is connected on a reception and the radiating circuit (not shown).
Above-mentioned antenna element is arranged on the solid dielectric 15.The shape of solid dielectric 15 is wedges, gives two antennas 11,12 a kind of inclination.
Each of antenna 11,12 is suitable for dedicated frequency band.According to the most preferred embodiment of expression, antenna 11 is suitable for 900MHz GSM signal, and antenna 12 is suitable for 1800 MHz DCS signals, reaches free harmonic vibration end 11A and 12A and plays active radiator.
The inclination of antenna guarantees that the thickness of dielectric 15 is enough to guarantee the hope bandwidth for each antenna 11,12.
When shared ground level 14 and dielectric wedge 15, obtain the improvement bandwidth of antenna and the combination of improvement signal performance for two antennas, even because more remote between leading edge 12A and ground level 14, the capacitive couplings of antenna leading edge 12A in this embodiment also is like this when being slightly smaller than the capacitive couplings of antenna leading edge in 11A.
The microstrip antenna device of describing is the patch antenna device that has benefited from the conventionally form of antenna 11,12, and promptly preceding resonance edge 11A and 12A are the primary radiation sources.
In Fig. 2, show the principle of the above-mentioned inclination of patch antenna.
Basically, Fig. 2 shows the inclination of antenna 11 among Fig. 1 and 12.With respect to the resonance end 11A and the 12A of ground level 14 expression antennas 11,12, and be expressed as DH and DL to the corresponding vertical range of ground level 14.
Should be noted that the capacitive couplings that the free harmonic vibration of above-mentioned signal quality improvement end 11A and 12A are provided, because the difference between DH and DL is different.Though, coupling between ground level 14 and DH and DL is comparable respectively, and the capacitive couplings of antenna 12A is subjected to remote promptly low electric capacity to belong to the influence of the fact of the antenna with highest frequency, thereby causes the improvement for effective coupling of ground level 14.
According to most preferred embodiment shown in of the present invention, lower capacitive character is closed and is always belonged to the antenna with highest frequency.
In certain embodiments, the improvement of antenna assembly design is possible, because short antenna 12 can more tilt by ratio antenna 11, thereby causes the improvement capacitive couplings of short-wave antenna 12 front ends.
In Fig. 3, represent and show other key characters of the present invention by some key elements of above-mentioned biobelt patch antenna.
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of antenna among Fig. 1, wherein with respect to the cross section 311 of the cross section 314 expression antennas 11 of sharing ground level 14 and the cross section 312 of antenna 12.And, the cross section 313 of expression feed line 13.
Each pattern is set up has the counterparty to 111 and 112 direction radiation pattern φ
1, φ
2
The direction of element and expression is for the purpose distortion a little of the fundamental property of explaining antenna assembly.
Fig. 4 represents above-mentioned inclination, wherein the principal direction of direction 111 expression antennas 11 radiation patterns and the principal direction of direction 112 expression antennas 12 radiation.
Should be noted that angle φ in this explanation only is by the bidimensional angle between the radiation pattern direction in the plane of the cross section definition of the antenna assembly of Fig. 1.
Test shows, the inclination of being represented by the angle φ between two aerial radiation directions is to exchange the less cost of wishing the biobelt directional patterns for, because dual band antenna according to the present invention on the meaning of two radiation patterns with respect to reception and launch mass and directional performance, provides a kind of even spoke pattern of satisfaction.
The present invention has lectured, if ground level is shared by two or more antennas, then can obtain the directional performance of antenna, because need broad plane, so that obtain being used for the directional characteristic of two antennas.In the above-described embodiments, the cost that is used for biobelt direction radiation pattern is the less inclination between two characteristic directions.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that other embodiment of the present invention are possible.An embodiment comprises each possibility facing to the end of radiator antenna element that makes the resonance end.Coupling for ground level is shared by the radiator antenna element then, and the solid dielectric wedge is divided into two parts.
An additional embodiments comprises by rear end or front end facing to the solid dielectric wedge makes the possibility of each resonance end face facing to same routes.Coupling to ground level is carried out at the place, opposite end then.
Claims (12)
1. the microstrip antenna device in communication device comprises:
At least two resonant antenna elements (11,12), resonance under mutually different wavelength,
Described antenna element arranges with respect at least one shared ground level (14),
Each of described at least two antenna elements (11,12) is set up a direction radiation pattern.
2. microstrip antenna device according to claim 1, the direction φ of wherein said radiation pattern
1, φ
2Defining one is not 0 ° angle φ.
3. microstrip antenna device according to claim 1 and 2, wherein angle θ is preferably between 0 ° and 50 ° between 0 ° and 170 °.
4. according to the described microstrip antenna device of claim 1 to 3, wherein in φ=0 ° down the radiation pattern of each antenna greater than 3dB at least under φ=180 °.
5. according to the described microstrip antenna device of claim 1 to 4, wherein antenna assembly comprises two antenna elements (11,12), and each is applicable to respectively basically under 900MHz and the frequency band under 1800MHz basically.
6. according to the described microstrip antenna device of claim 1 to 5, wherein each antenna promptly has a leading incentive mode as the work of TM10 mode antenna.
7. communication device, preferably cell phone has a kind of multiband antenna according to claim 1-6, and wherein the direction of at least two radiation patterns is away from the user.
8. the communication device that has multiband antenna,
The described multiband antenna that has at least two radiator antenna elements (11,12) has a shared ground level (14), and each of described at least two radiator elements (11,12) is suitable for the radiation of electromagnetic wavelength λ i,
Described radiator antenna element (11,12) and described ground level (14) comprise a kind of electric conducting material,
The minimum effective dimensions W of described shared ground level (14) is more than or equal to 0.095 λ
m, λ
mAs wavelength X
iLong wavelength, and more preferably greater than 0.1 λ
m
9. communication device according to claim 8, wherein antenna radiator element is by means of at least one contiguous coupling feed.
10. according to Claim 8 or 9 described communication devices, wherein antenna radiator element is shared contiguous coupling feed by means of one.
11. described communication device according to Claim 8-10, wherein antenna radiator comprises at least two TM10 mode antenna radiator elements, and each antenna element has a leading resonance frequency basically,
The described multiband antenna that has at least two radiator antenna elements (11,12) has a shared ground level (14), and each radiant element (11,12) is suitable for electromagnetic wavelength λ
iRadiation,
Described radiator antenna element (11,12) and described ground level (14) comprise a kind of electric conducting material,
At least two of described radiator antenna element (11,12) for described ground level (14) ground connection, and the antenna element (11,12) that has the free harmonic vibration end extends in such a way, thereby described free harmonic vibration end (11A, 12A) is facing with each other basically.
12. communication device according to claim 11, wherein at least one coupling (17A) to described ground level (14) from radiator antenna element (11,12) has size than the little width of described radiator antenna element (11,12).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DKPA199900319 | 1999-03-05 | ||
| DKPA199900319 | 1999-03-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1343380A true CN1343380A (en) | 2002-04-03 |
Family
ID=8092224
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00804685A Pending CN1343380A (en) | 1999-03-05 | 2000-03-03 | Microstrip antenna arrangement in communication device |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1157440A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1343380A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2903600A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2364445A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000054367A1 (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100477376C (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2009-04-08 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Antenna device |
| CN101958454A (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2011-01-26 | 苹果公司 | Electronic equipment with the passive antenna resonant element that reduces near-field thermal radiation |
| US8781420B2 (en) | 2010-04-13 | 2014-07-15 | Apple Inc. | Adjustable wireless circuitry with antenna-based proximity detector |
| US8947305B2 (en) | 2009-07-17 | 2015-02-03 | Apple Inc. | Electronic devices with capacitive proximity sensors for proximity-based radio-frequency power control |
| US9379445B2 (en) | 2014-02-14 | 2016-06-28 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device with satellite navigation system slot antennas |
| US9398456B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2016-07-19 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device with accessory-based transmit power control |
| US9444425B2 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2016-09-13 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device with adjustable wireless circuitry |
| US9559425B2 (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2017-01-31 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device with slot antenna and proximity sensor |
| US9583838B2 (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2017-02-28 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device with indirectly fed slot antennas |
| US9728858B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2017-08-08 | Apple Inc. | Electronic devices with hybrid antennas |
| US10218052B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2019-02-26 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device with tunable hybrid antennas |
| US10290946B2 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2019-05-14 | Apple Inc. | Hybrid electronic device antennas having parasitic resonating elements |
| US10490881B2 (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2019-11-26 | Apple Inc. | Tuning circuits for hybrid electronic device antennas |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10148370A1 (en) * | 2001-09-29 | 2003-04-10 | Philips Corp Intellectual Pty | Miniaturized directional antenna |
| US7639198B2 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2009-12-29 | Andrew Llc | Dipole antenna array having dipole arms tilted at an acute angle |
| US7605763B2 (en) | 2005-09-15 | 2009-10-20 | Dell Products L.P. | Combination antenna with multiple feed points |
| GB2437567B (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2008-06-18 | Motorola Inc | Radiator for an RF communication device |
| US8558740B2 (en) | 2009-06-29 | 2013-10-15 | Viasat, Inc. | Hybrid single aperture inclined antenna |
| JP2014064084A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2014-04-10 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | Patch antenna and radio communication apparatus |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2190792C (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1999-10-05 | Koichi Tsunekawa | Antenna device having two resonance frequencies |
| US5734350A (en) * | 1996-04-08 | 1998-03-31 | Xertex Technologies, Inc. | Microstrip wide band antenna |
| DE19646100A1 (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 1998-05-14 | Fuba Automotive Gmbh | Flat antenna |
-
2000
- 2000-03-03 CA CA002364445A patent/CA2364445A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-03-03 EP EP00907459A patent/EP1157440A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-03-03 WO PCT/DK2000/000091 patent/WO2000054367A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-03-03 CN CN00804685A patent/CN1343380A/en active Pending
- 2000-03-03 AU AU29036/00A patent/AU2903600A/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100477376C (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2009-04-08 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Antenna device |
| CN101958454A (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2011-01-26 | 苹果公司 | Electronic equipment with the passive antenna resonant element that reduces near-field thermal radiation |
| US8466839B2 (en) | 2009-07-17 | 2013-06-18 | Apple Inc. | Electronic devices with parasitic antenna resonating elements that reduce near field radiation |
| CN101958454B (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2013-10-16 | 苹果公司 | Electronic devices with parasitic antenna resonating elements that reduce near field radiation |
| US8947305B2 (en) | 2009-07-17 | 2015-02-03 | Apple Inc. | Electronic devices with capacitive proximity sensors for proximity-based radio-frequency power control |
| US8781420B2 (en) | 2010-04-13 | 2014-07-15 | Apple Inc. | Adjustable wireless circuitry with antenna-based proximity detector |
| US9071336B2 (en) | 2010-04-13 | 2015-06-30 | Apple Inc. | Adjustable wireless circuitry with antenna-based proximity detector |
| US9179299B2 (en) | 2010-04-13 | 2015-11-03 | Apple Inc. | Adjustable wireless circuitry with antenna-based proximity detector |
| US9379445B2 (en) | 2014-02-14 | 2016-06-28 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device with satellite navigation system slot antennas |
| US9398456B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2016-07-19 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device with accessory-based transmit power control |
| US9559425B2 (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2017-01-31 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device with slot antenna and proximity sensor |
| US9583838B2 (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2017-02-28 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device with indirectly fed slot antennas |
| US9728858B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 | 2017-08-08 | Apple Inc. | Electronic devices with hybrid antennas |
| US9444425B2 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2016-09-13 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device with adjustable wireless circuitry |
| US10218052B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2019-02-26 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device with tunable hybrid antennas |
| US10490881B2 (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2019-11-26 | Apple Inc. | Tuning circuits for hybrid electronic device antennas |
| US10290946B2 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2019-05-14 | Apple Inc. | Hybrid electronic device antennas having parasitic resonating elements |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2364445A1 (en) | 2000-09-14 |
| WO2000054367A1 (en) | 2000-09-14 |
| AU2903600A (en) | 2000-09-28 |
| EP1157440A1 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
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