CN1391680A - 用于光学阅读器的成像组件 - Google Patents

用于光学阅读器的成像组件 Download PDF

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CN1391680A
CN1391680A CN00815975A CN00815975A CN1391680A CN 1391680 A CN1391680 A CN 1391680A CN 00815975 A CN00815975 A CN 00815975A CN 00815975 A CN00815975 A CN 00815975A CN 1391680 A CN1391680 A CN 1391680A
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assembly
circuit board
framework
imageing sensor
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查尔斯·P·巴伯
卡尔·W·格斯特
维维安·L·亨特
麦尔文·D·麦卡尔
布鲁斯·L·哈恩
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Hand Held Products Inc
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Welch Allyn Data Collection Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10544Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • G06K7/10712Fixed beam scanning
    • G06K7/10722Photodetector array or CCD scanning
    • G06K7/10742Photodetector array or CCD scanning including a diffuser for diffusing the light from the light source to create substantially uniform illumination of the target record carrier
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10544Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • G06K7/10712Fixed beam scanning
    • G06K7/10722Photodetector array or CCD scanning
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10544Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • G06K7/10712Fixed beam scanning
    • G06K7/10722Photodetector array or CCD scanning
    • G06K7/10732Light sources
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10544Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • G06K7/10821Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices
    • G06K7/10881Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices constructional details of hand-held scanners
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10544Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • G06K7/10821Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices
    • G06K7/10881Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices constructional details of hand-held scanners
    • G06K7/109Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices constructional details of hand-held scanners adaptations to make the hand-held scanner useable as a fixed scanner
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10544Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • G06K7/10821Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices
    • G06K7/1098Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum further details of bar or optical code scanning devices the scanning arrangement having a modular construction
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/14Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation using light without selection of wavelength, e.g. sensing reflected white light
    • G06K7/1404Methods for optical code recognition
    • G06K7/1408Methods for optical code recognition the method being specifically adapted for the type of code
    • G06K7/14172D bar codes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K2207/00Other aspects
    • G06K2207/1011Aiming

Abstract

本发明提供一个成像组件(10),该成像组件(10)具有用于支承各种光学部件和电路板(14)的框架(12),在一个实施例中,该电路板(14)承载了该组件全部的照明(16)和瞄准(18)LED。框架可具有弹性钩爪(48),弹性钩爪(48)能使框架以卡装配结构安装某些光学部件。另外,该组件的结构可以设置为使其外壁(31)和(31′)提供一个保护壳、以避免组件内的灵敏和易碎部件被损坏。

Description

用于光学阅读器的成像组件
发明领域
本发明总的来说涉及光学阅读装置,尤其涉及用于封装光学阅读器的照明光学元件、接收光学元件、和信号处理元件的设备。
发明背景
目前所使用的光学阅读器包括被设置在一个以上的电路板的上的照明元件、电信号处理电路、摄像电路和解码电路。例如,US5,780,834中所示的光学阅读器具有多个电路板,它们包括用于设置照明LED的LED板、用于设置图像传感器和处理图像传感器所产生信号的电路的“成像板”、和用于设置摄像和解码电路的“母板”。US5,521,366描述了具有后印刷电路板、前印刷电路板和安装有LED的LED电路板的组件壳体。
现有技术的阅读器的装配要求将分离的电路板安装到阅读器的分离的内部结构上、并提供多个电路板之间的电连接。除了装配困难之外,多个电路板的设计要求增大集成有电子器件的光学阅读器壳体的尺寸。
所以,需要提供一种制作更容易、成本更低的用于封装光学阅读器的电子和光学器件的封闭设备。
发明方案
根据本发明的主要方面,一般来说,本发明是一个用于封装光学阅读器的光照明、光接收、和电信号处理器件的组件。
该组件包括用于设置印刷电路板、优选设置印刷电路板(PCB)和各种光学器件的框架。在一个实施例中,该框架包括具有用于安装光学镜头筒的保持架的背板、和用于安装及准直由PCB承载的图像传感器的凹槽。该框架还可包括弹性钩爪,能使框架以不粘结的卡式装配结构安装该组件的某些光学器件。
根据用于装配该组件的优选装配方法,先将PCB安装到框架的背板上,以使PCB的图像传感器由背板的凹槽容纳并准直。而后,将照明和瞄准LED焊接到PCB上以安装LED。作为节省空间尺寸的方法,安装LED以便在其安装好时使照明LED的后表面的一部分与图像传感器顶面的一部分相对。
在将LED安装到PCB之后,将其它器件安装到组件中。在优选实施例中,镜头筒安装在保持架中,而后将具有用于使发自瞄准LED的光线成形的圆顶形孔径的孔径板设置在LED上面。最后,将具有用于使发自照明LED的光线扩散的扩散器的光学板卡装到框架中。
除了具有用于扩散照明光的扩散器之外,光学板还可包括用于将来自孔径的光束成像到阅读器视场所限定的目标上的光学元件。在本发明的一个实施例中,瞄准LED及其相关光学部件将单个的水平瞄准线投射到视场中的目标上。
印刷电路板可以是全功能印刷电路板,其设置有固态图像传感器和用于支持由安装有该组件的光学部件所执行的几乎所有处理和控制操作所需的几乎全部电子电路。安装在单个PCB中的电路包括用于处理图像传感器所产生信号的信号处理电路、用于储存图像数据的摄像电路、和用于解码和/或识别存在于已经储存的图像数据中的标记的解码和/或识别电路。
为了容纳全功能电路板,框架背板的后表面上设置有用于准直和安装图像传感器的中心凹槽、和用于容纳诸如电子件和/或可从全功能印刷电路板的前表面引出的导线的电路元件的周围凹槽。
下述优选实施例的详细描述将使本发明的这些和其它细节优点和好处变得更加清楚。
附图说明
为了更全面地理解本发明的本质和目的,下面将结合附图对本发明的优选实施方式进行说明,在附图中:
图1A是本发明摄像组件的前透视装配图;
图1B是本发明摄像组件的后透视装配图;
图1C是已装配的本发明摄像组件的前透视图;
图1D是已装配的本发明摄像组件的后透视图;
图1E表示本发明的组件所投射的优选照明和瞄准图案;
图1F是表示本发明的功能和控制特性的方框图;
图2A-2I是安装有本发明的各种光学阅读器的透视图;
图3是现有技术阅读器的侧视图,显示了现有技术中的多个电路板结构。
对本发明的具体说明
图1A-1D示出了本发明成像组件10的实施例。成像组件10专门用于诸如条形码阅读器、光字符识别(OCR)阅读器、或具有条形码和OCR阅读能力的阅读器的标记阅读器。但是可以理解,组件10的结构也可用于包括摄像机、数字照相机、和医学观察仪器等需要拍摄图像的其它装置。
组件10包括安装框架12,安装框架12可安装电子器件和成像系统的光学部件。具体地,安装框架12安装诸如印刷电路板(PCB)14的电路板、照明LED16、瞄准LED18、孔径板24和光学板26。
更具体地,框架12包括背板30和包含顶部和底部侧壁31以及旁侧壁31的侧壁。背板30包括用于安装固态图像传感器芯片32的凹槽34和多个用于安装由LED16和18提供的照明和/或瞄准光源的导线38的销孔36。背板30还包括用于安装例如镜头筒的接收光学镜头组件41的保持架40,该镜头筒可在以下详述的任何装配步骤之前或之后安装到保持架40。
在装配组件10时,先用螺钉56将PCB14安装到背板30上、并使框架12定向以使开口13露出。当PCB14被安装到背板30时,由PCB14支承的图像传感器32被中心凹槽容纳并准直,中心凹槽34的形状与所示的图像传感器32的形状互补。在将PCB14安装到框架12之后,装配者将照明LED16和瞄准LED18安装到PCB14上。
为了将LED16和18安装到PCB14,将LED16和18的导线38推入背板30和PCB14的销孔36和54,之后将LED16和18焊接到PCB14。优选地,在焊接之前,将所有的LED16和18定位在它们的相应销孔中。在焊接LED16和18时,PCB14的后表面15将被定向以便装配者接近。为了在焊接期间使LED16和18保持所需的方位,即基本垂直于PCB14,用于安装LED16和18的标准的已知夹紧装置(未示出)可通过焊接处理而暂时地施加到LED16和18上。
成像组件的一个重要特征是照明LED16的导线38以几乎邻接图像传感器32侧面33的方式安装,以使LED16的后表面19的一部分在LED16安装好时与图像传感器32的前表面33的一部分相对。这种结构减小了成像组件12的尺寸,使得能够在尺寸较小的光学阅读器中装配。
在以上述方式将LED16和18安装到PCB14之后,孔径板24被安装进框架12,该框架具有装配在瞄准LED18上的圆顶42。圆顶最好是不透明的、以便除通过长条孔径43出射的光之外基本上阻挡发自瞄准LED18的全部光线。长条孔径43应做成使所需形状的照明瞄准图案被投射到目标T上。优选地,长条孔径43被制成长方形,以使水平直线图案投射到目标上。
孔径板24还包括多个切口部分46,切口部分46提供使孔径板装配到照明LED16的空隙。将圆顶42和切口部分46做成不接触LED16。在所示的实施例中,每个LED在被焊接的同时保持所需的方位,以便在装配过程中使LED底座17的平面向背板30的平面偏压。另一方面,孔径板24包括遮板58,用于防止由LED16和18发出的光受到组件的光接收系统干扰。
在孔径板24被放置到LED16和18上并被移向背板30之后,将光学板26卡装到框架12的开口113。光学板26包括用于扩散照明LED所发射的光的扩散器27。除了具有形成在其前表面上的扩散器27之外,光学板26还可具有形成在其内表面上的光楔28。光楔28将来自LED16的光导向目标T的角部,以改善目标照明的均匀性。
具有钩端49的弹性钩爪48形成在框架12的顶部或旁侧壁31、以便将光学板26卡装到框架12。在所示实施例中,通过向后拉动弹性钩爪48,并将光学板推向背板30,之后放开钩爪48以将光学板26锁定在组件10内的位置上,从而将光学板26卡装到框架12。孔径板24包括隔片52,用于在光学板26被卡装到框架12上时将孔径板24向背板30偏置。隔片52还将钩爪48作用在光学板26上的力传递到孔径板24、以便不使用粘结剂或诸如螺钉或销钉的外部机械紧固装置而锁定框架12内的孔径板24和光学板26。
可由组件10的发光系统投射的照明图案和瞄准图案示于图1E中。在图1E中,区域72表示由照明LED16及其相关光学装置所照明的目标区域T的范围,而区域74表示由瞄准LED18及其相关光学装置高亮度显示的目标区域的范围。在图1E的实施例中,瞄准LED18及其相关光学装置将单个的水平瞄准线74投射到目标区域T上。
图1E的直线瞄准图案可通过制作板26形成,以使水平定向的柱面透镜25形成在光学板26的外表面上,如图1A所示。水平定向的柱面透镜25的设置使当板26被施加到LED18上时、透镜25相对长条孔径43正向地彼此准直,以便对准且进而使来自长条孔径43的光成像于由组件视场所限定的目标T上。
本发明的重要特征是使用组件10的阅读器的所有照明元件均设置在如所示的由PCB所提供的单个电路板上。这与图3所示的照明元件和图像传感元件分布在多个电路板上的现有技术的阅读器形成明显的反差。在图3所示的现有技术的器件中,瞄准照明源53安装到第一电路板54,照明LED安装到第二电路板56,而图像传感器32安装到第三电路板58。这个现有技术设计组件的装配困难,并且需要设置本发明设计不需要的材料部件包括电路板54、56,和电路板之间的诸如连接器57的电连接器。提供可设置图像传感器、照明LED、和瞄准LED的单个电路板可明显地简化装配并减小材料消耗、因而减小生产该组件的整体成本。
在一个实施例中的本发明的另一个重要方面是,支持组件10所需的数据处理操作的所有主要的电路均位于单个的全功能PCB14上,这些电路包括用于处理图像传感器32产生的信号的电路、用于将图像数据收集到存储器件中的电路、用于解码和/或识别表示为所收集的图像数据的标记的电路。用于支持串行传送数据到外围设备的电路也可由PCB14携带。
本发明的合用PCB结构与现有技术的传统设计形成明显的区别,在现有技术中把用于处理来自图像传感器的信号的电路、用于收集和解码图像数据的电路、和支承与外围设备串行连接的电路分布在多于一个的电路板上。
在图3所示的现有技术阅读器的设计中,第一垂直定向的电路板56用于承载可处理图像传感器32所产生的信号的电路,第二水平定向的电路板60、即所谓的“母板”用于承载可储存图像数据和解码符号体系的电路。
本发明的单个PCB设计与现有技术的双PCB设计相比具有很多优点。现有技术的多电路板结构要求复杂的装配程序,其中,第一电路板58安装到阅读器中所用的第一内部结构,第二电路板安装到阅读器的第二内部结构,而后两个电路板被连接。分离的水平和垂直定向的两个电路板58、60在空间使用上不充分、并增大了对装有阅读器光电部件的壳体的限制。本发明的合一功能PCB设计不会出现这些问题。
为了使全部所需的光学阅读器的电路能封装到单个印刷电路板上,框架背板30的背面应当设置成可容纳从PCB14的前表面15向前伸展的电子元件。因此可见,背板30的后表面包括用于准直和安装固态图像传感器32的中心凹槽34、和用于容纳诸如可从PCB14的前表面凸出的部件和或导体的电路的周围凹槽35。
除了上述的特征之外,显然,与组件10的整体形状和结构有关的特征还能产生其它的优点。如图1C-1D所示,框架12的侧壁31和31′与PCB14和板26一起限定基本上具有长方体形状的组件。与现有技术的某些光学阅读器成像组件相比,长方体形状具有高的空间效率。再参看图3可知,现有技术的成像组件52的形状很不规则,因为它包含诸如从组件52的主体向外伸出的部件53和56的部件。与现有技术的不规则成像组件设计相比,本发明组件的长方体结构的体积易于使组件安装到较小内部体积的光学阅读器壳体中。除了易于使组件安装到较小体积的光学阅读器中之外,组件的长方体体积还能使组件较容易地封装到容纳多个组件的容器中。
与组件10的外部结构有关的另一个特征是,组件10的限定外壁被用作保护和避免组件中的较脆和较灵敏的内部元件损坏的保护壳。在图1A-1D所示的实施例中,包括所有组件10的光源和图像传感器32的几乎全部的易碎灵敏元件被设置在由侧壁31、31′和PCB14以及侧壁31、31′与光学板26的组合所限定的刚性保护壳结构内。
由侧壁31、31′与PCB14的组合和/或侧壁31、31′与光学板26的组合所提供的组件灵敏内部元件的刚性保护壳消除了在运输过程中必须用诸如气泡纸或泡沫块的防震材料包装组件的必要、并可使组件的灵敏内部元件基本上不受损坏地从一个地点运输到另一地点。
重要的是,用于限定保护壳结构的两个刚性平面、即PCB14和光学板26给组件10的操作提供了比保护壳的功能更重要的功能。PCB14和光学板26的设置使它们提供除相应电信号处理和光学功能之外的保护壳功能,从而与设置分离的刚性部件以提供由组件10的PCB14和/或板26提供的保护壳功能的组件相比可减小组件10的成本。
下面,参阅图1F说明可使用本发明的一种光学阅读装置的方框图。
光学阅读器110包括:照明组件120,用于照明诸如1D或2D条形码符号的目标物体T;成像组件130,用于接收物体T的图像并产生表示其中被光学编码的数据的电输出信号。照明组件120例如可包括:诸如一个或多个LED的照明源组件122;以及照明光学组件124,例如一个或多个透镜、反射器或诸如扩散器和光楔27和28的其它光学元件;照明组件120用于将光源122的光沿目标物体T的方向引导。图1A-1D所示实施例中的照明组件全部由LED16提供。如果环境光水平高到足以允许获得高质量的物体T的图像,则可删除照明组件120。成像组件130可包括:诸如1D或2D CDD、CMOS、NMOS、PMOS、CID或CMD固态图像传感器的图像传感器132、和用于接收并将物体T的图像聚焦到图像传感器132的成像光学组件134。图1F所示的成像组件阵列可由包含多个激光源、扫描机构、发射和接收光学装置、至少一个光检测器和附加信号处理电路的成像组件激光器阵列替换。
图1F的光学阅读器还包括可编程的控制单元140,可编程的控制单元140最好包括集成电路微处理器142和专用集成电路(ASIC)144。ASIC144的功能也可由现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)提供。处理器142和ASIC144均是能根据储存在存储单元145中的存储程序而接收、输出和处理数据的可编程控制装置,存储单元145可包括诸如读/写随机存取存储器或RAM146和可擦除只读存储器或EROM147这样的存储元件。RAM146一般包含至少一个易失性存储装置、但可包含一个或多个长期非易失性存储装置。处理器142和ASIC144还均连接于公共总线148,包含地址数据的程序数据和工作数据可通过公共总线148被接收并沿双向传送到也连接到公共总线148的任何电路。处理器142和ASIC144不论是在如何制作和如何使用方面彼此都不相同。
具体地,处理器142优选为常用的现有VLSI集成电路微处理器,该微处理器具有对图2电路的整体控制,但是它花费了其大部分时间来解码根据EROM147中储存的程序数据储存在RAM146中的图像数据。另一方面,处理器144优选为诸如可编程逻辑或门阵列的专用VLSI集成电路,该VLSI集成电路花费时间执行功能而不是解码图像数据,因此解除了处理器142执行这些功能的负担。
处理器142与144之间工作的实际区分自然取决于可得到的现有微处理器的类型、所用的图像传感器的类型、由成像组件130所输出成像数据的速率等等。但是,原则上要求在处理器142与144之间不应存在任何特定的区分、或根本不应产生这种区分。这是因为如果常用处理器142能快速和强大地足以执行本发明所预期的所有功能,则专用处理器144可被完全删除。因此,可以理解,不论是所用处理器的数量、还是处理器之间的分工对本发明的目的都不具有明显的意义。
下面,结合图1F所示类型的处理器结构,说明处理器142与144之间典型的工作区分。处理器142最好主要用于这样的任务,如:当图像数据存在RAM146中时解码该图像数据;根据光学字符识别(OCR)方案来识别在已储存图像数据中表示的字符;处理菜单选项和重编程序功能;处理从控制/数据输入单元139接收的命令和数据,控制/数据输入单元139可包括诸如触发器174和键盘178的元件;和提供总系统级的协调。处理器144最好主要提供对包括经DMA通道对存储器146和147存取的能力的图像采集处理、AD转换处理和图像数据的储存的控制。处理器144还可执行许多定时和通信操作。处理器144可控制例如:LED122的照明;图像传感器132和模数(A/D)转换器136的定时;数据通过RS-232、诸如以太网的网络、或如USB的串行总线、(或其它)兼容I/O接口137从阅读器110以外的处理器发送或接收数据或将数据发送和接收到该处理器;用户可感知数据经输出装置138诸如音响信号装置、良好的阅读LED和/或可由如显示器182的液晶显示器提供的显示监视器的输出。当由总线驱动器I/O和输出/显示装置137′和138′建议时,输出控制、显示和I/O功能也可在处理器142和144之间分担;或者当由微处理器串行I/O端口142A和142B和I/O及显示装置137″和138′建议时,输出控制、显示和I/O功能可被重复。如前述的说明,这种特别的工作分配对本发明并无显著意义。
根据参看图1A-1D所述的本发明一个实施例的特征,参看图1F所述的所有主要电信号处理部件可被设置在单个电路板PCB14上,如图1F的虚线边界14所示。为将图1F的所有主要电信号处理部件安装到单个PCB14上,通常必需把多个电部件集成为较少数量的电部件。例如,可使用已知的集成电路制作技术将部件142、144、146和147以及接口137、137′和137″合并在压缩尺寸的单个集成电路芯片上。另外,如Eric R.Fossum所著的题目为“芯片上的数字照相机系统”(IEEE计算机学会(IEEE Micro)18卷,3期,1998.5月/6月)所述,图像传感器132,信号处理部件135、136,部件142、144、146、147、137、137′和137″可被合并到压缩尺寸的单个集成电路上。
图2A-2H表示安装有本发明的壳体种类的实例。图2A和2B表示一维的光学阅读器110-1,而图2C-2H表示二维的光学阅读器110-2、110-3和110-4。其中安装有光学阅读器110-1到110-4的每一个的壳体112均适于人手抓握、并至少具有一个启动摄像和解码和/或摄像和字符识别操作的触发器开关174。阅读器110-1、110-2和110-3包括与诸如其它数据连接装置或主机处理器的外部装置连通的硬连线通信链路178,而阅读器110-4包括提供与诸如其它数据连接装置或主机处理器的外部装置进行无线通信的天线180。
除了上述元件之外,阅读器110-3和110-4均具有用于向用户显示信息的显示器182、和用于使用户向阅读器输入指令和数据的键盘184。
参看图2A-2H所述的任何一个阅读器可被安装到固定位置上如图2I所示的普通光学阅读器110安放在扫描座190中。扫描座190适于使便携式光学阅读器110进行显示模式扫描。在显示模式中,阅读器110被保持在固定位置、且带有标记的物体横跨阅读器110的视场而移动。
虽然结合优选实施例具体地说明了本发明,但应该理解本发明不限于具体的实施例。相反,本领域的技术人员在不脱离本发明的范围和构思的前提下,根据本发明的所述最佳模式能够作出如所附权利要求书所限定的许多改型和变化。

Claims (28)

1.一个成像组件,它具有:框架,安装在所述框架上的电路板,由所述电路板承载的图像传感器,和至少一个用于照亮目标区的照明光源;所述组件的特征在于,所述图像传感器和所述至少一个照明光源均安装在所述电路板上。
2.如权利要求1的组件,还包括背板,用于安装和准直由所述电路板承载的所述图像传感器。
3.如权利要求1的组件,还包括用于安装所述图像传感器的背板,其中,所述的至少一个照明光源包括通过所述背板伸展的导线。
4.如权利要求1的组件,其中,至少一个光源包括四个垂直和水平隔开地安装到所述电路板的LED。
5.如权利要求1的组件,其中,所述组件的顶面、底面和侧面由所述框架的侧壁限定,所述组件的背面由所述电路板限定。
6.一个成像组件,它具有:框架,安装在所述框架上的电路板,图像传感器,至少一个照明光源,和至少一个瞄准光源;所述组件的特征在于,所述的图像传感器、至少一个照明光源和所述至少一个瞄准光源均安装在所述电路板上。
7.如权利要求6的组件,还包括背板,用于安装和准直由所述电路板承载的所述图像传感器。
8.如权利要求6的组件,还包括用于安装所述图像传感器的背板,其中,所述的至少一个照明光源包括通过所述背板伸展的导线。
9.如权利要求6的组件,其中,至少一个光源包括四个垂直和水平隔开地安装到所述电路板上的LED。
10.如权利要求6的组件,其中,所述组件的顶面、底面和侧面由所述框架的侧壁限定,所述组件的背面由所述电路板限定。
11.一个成像组件,它具有:框架,安装在所述框架上的电路板,图像传感器,和至少一个用于照亮目标区的照明光源;所述组件的特征在于,所述组件至少包括一个平面光学部件,其中,所述框架包括侧壁,所述侧壁上设有将所述框架中的光学部件安装和固定在所述框架的固定位置上的弹性钩爪。
12.如权利要求11的组件,其中,所述的一个平面光学部件安装有将来自所述至少一个照明光源的光扩散的扩散器。
13.如权利要求11的组件,其中,所述至少一个光源包括四个垂直和水平隔开的LED,所述平面光学部件安装有四个扩散器,每个扩散器扩散来自一个所述LED的光。
14.一个成像组件,它具有:框架,安装在所述框架上的电路板,图像传感器,和至少一个用于照亮目标区的照明光源;所述组件的特征在于,所述电路板设置有使用所述组件的光学阅读器的所述图像传感器、所有的主要图像传感器信号处理电路、和解码电路。
15.一个成像组件,它具有:框架,安装在所述框架上的电路板,图像传感器,和至少一个用于照亮目标区的照明光源;所述组件的特征在于,所述框架包括基本上是刚性的顶面、底面和侧面的侧壁,其中,所述侧壁和所述电路板限定所述组件的外壁。
16.如权利要求15的组件,其中,所述侧壁和所述板基本上构成长方体结构。
17.如权利要求15的组件,其中,所述侧壁和所述电路板限定局部封闭的容纳区,其中,所述图像传感器和所述至少一个照明光源被设置在所述容纳区内,以使所述图像传感器和所述至少一个照明光源被所述侧壁和所述电路板保护。
18.一个成像组件,它具有:框架,安装在所述框架上的电路板,图像传感器,和至少一个用于照亮目标区的照明光源;所述组件的特征在于,所述框架包括背板,该背板具有用于安装和准直所述图像传感器的中心凹槽。
19.如权利要求18的成像组件,其中,所述背板还包括至少一个用于容纳从所述电路板向前伸出的电子部件的周围凹槽。
20.一个成像组件,它具有:框架,安装在所述框架上的电路板,图像传感器,和至少一个用于照亮目标区的照明光源;所述组件的特征在于,所述组件还包括一对瞄准光源、和在所述瞄准光源前面设置的一对长条孔。
21.如权利要求20的成像组件,其中,所述组件包括限定所述长条孔的孔径板,所述孔径板设置在所述瞄准光源的上部。
22.如权利要求20的成像组件,其中,所述组件包括孔径板,该孔径板具有可装配在所述瞄准光源上的圆顶,其中,所述长条孔被限定在所述的圆顶中。
23.如权利要求20的成像组件,其中,所述组件包括一对设置在所述一对长条孔前面的透镜元件,用于使所述长条孔成像到目标上。
24.如权利要求20的成像组件,其中,所述透镜元件形成在被所述框架容纳的光学板上。
25.一个成像组件,它具有:电路板;由所述电路板承载的图像传感器;和具有导线的光源;其特征在于,所述导线基本上邻接所述图像传感器的侧面、并被安装到所述电路板,于是所述光源的一部分与所述图像传感器的顶表面相对,因此,所述组件所使用的空间被减小。
26.一个光学阅读器包括成像组件,该成像组件具有限定目标的视场和照明组件,其特征在于,所述照明组件包括:
至少两排LED,每排LED至少包括两个LED;
一个设置在所述LED前面的照明光学组件,其中,所述照明光学组件包括用于扩散来自所述LED的光的扩散器、和用于将来自所述LED的光引导到所述目标角部的光楔。
27.如权利要求26的阅读器,其中,所述光学组件设置在具有光入射和光出射表面的光学板上,所述扩散器形成在所述光出射表面上,所述光楔形成在所述光出射表面上。
28.如权利要求26的阅读器,其中,所述照明组件的扩散器与LED之间一一对应。
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