CN1435051A - 分布式互动电视节目指南:系统及方法 - Google Patents

分布式互动电视节目指南:系统及方法 Download PDF

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CN1435051A
CN1435051A CN00819099A CN00819099A CN1435051A CN 1435051 A CN1435051 A CN 1435051A CN 00819099 A CN00819099 A CN 00819099A CN 00819099 A CN00819099 A CN 00819099A CN 1435051 A CN1435051 A CN 1435051A
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CN1255987C (zh
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B·比奇
A·沃特曼
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Tivo Solutions Inc
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Abstract

在一种互动式网络为基础的视频记录系统中，其所提供的使用者界面能让观众根据节目名称、索引化节目属性一如演员、导演等及关键字词来搜寻节目指南信息之数据库。观众互动藉助遥控装置来进行。

Description

分布式互动电视节目指南：系统及方法
发明领域
本发明通常系概括关于以网络为基础的视频记录系统。更确切而言，本发明系关于一种用于搜寻节目指南信息之客户机数据库以找出感兴趣之节目项目的方法及装置。
发明背景
电视观众所能使用的节目选择个数正持续增加，目前已能在大型电视网、有线电视频道、卫星、付费频道，以及社区专用电视等得到电视节目。在可得到的电视节目持续成长的同时，在休闲时间观看电视节目的观众人数却由于工作上的要求、时间耗费在通勤、家庭责任或类似因素等而减少。尽管电视娱乐已提供前所未有的便利性，但由于此等在时间安排上的严重限制，使得观众在有时间观看电视时普遍抱怨‘没有节目可观赏’。与其说由于电视节目编排的品质或可观看的情况所引发的抱怨，倒不如说上述抱怨是由于不容易使观众自己的时间安排能配合网络电视时间表所造成的。录放影机或其它记录装置所提供的电视节目自动化且毋须人力介入的记录功能，已使观众不受到电视网节目编排的支配。
然而，当想要找出感兴趣的节目时，观众仍会面临到在书面上检视实际上数百个电视频道之节目表而耗费时间的难题。因此，电子节目指南已被开发用于协助观众处理大量的节目编排信息。以典型情况而言，此种指南系提供于有线电视及卫星电视环境中。节目信息系以网格形式呈现，并以时间电和频道加以组织。此种指南在屏幕上滚动显示。然而，此等指南并非互动式；既无法加以搜寻，且观众亦无法以任何方式来控制信息的显示。观众只能被动地观看滚动的信息，同时希望某种感兴趣或有用的信息会经过。
目前已能使用可搜寻的节目指南。例如，S.Schein和J.Leftwich所获得之美国专利第6,133,909号(2000年10月17日)—利用节目特点搜寻指南的方法及装置(Method and apparatus for searching a guide using programcharacteristics)—描述一种可搜寻的节目指南，可让观众根据诸如演员或导演等节目属性进行搜寻。由Schein等人所描述的指南可减轻观众在寻找感兴趣的节目时的工作。遗憾的是，上述指南只能让使用者根据诸如演员或导演等索引化属性进行搜寻。然而，索引化属性经常无法预期使用者之搜寻行为。因此，Schein等人无法为使用者提供索引化属性以外的任何方式进行搜寻。
有鉴于上述情况，显然可知，一种能够让观众拥有更加灵活性搜寻选择的互动式节目指南将会是一项重大的技术进步。
发明概要
本发明系提供一种用于在互动式网络为基础的视频记录系统内搜寻节目信息数据库以找出感兴趣的节目的方法及装置。观众藉助遥控器并利用显示于观众界面的虚拟字母数字键盘来输入搜寻项目。观众可根据节目名称及诸如类型、演员和导演等索引化属性进行搜寻；或者，关键字词搜寻让观众能以节目内容或主题进行搜寻。字首匹配功能可提供键入前导字符特点，以便藉助键入一或数个搜寻项目之前导字符即能够在适当的索引中快速找到搜寻项目。
附图简述
图1图示根据本发明的互动式以网络为基础的视频记录系统之方块图；
图2图示根据本发明用于搜寻互动式节目指南的观众界面之顶层屏幕；
图3图示根据本发明从第2图之观众界面以名称进行搜寻的屏幕；
图4图示根据本发明字母数字键盘，用于以节目名称进行搜寻；
图5图示根据本发明字母数字键盘，用于以演员姓名进行搜寻；
图6图示根据本发明用于缩小演员姓名搜寻范围的类型列表；
图7图示根据本发明字母数字键盘，用于以关键字词进行搜寻；
图8图示根据本发明用于缩小关键字词搜寻范围的类型列表。
发明的详细说明
在一种互动式网络为基础的视频记录系统中，其提供能协助观众找出感兴趣节目的可搜寻式节目指南。如第1图所示，客户机装置3之观众界面1系提供一系列包含有界面元件的互动屏幕，所述界面元件包括文字框、可搜寻列表、选项条及字母数字键盘等。观众可浏览该界面并通常以手持遥控器4与系统进行互动；控制器4藉助数据信号5与客户机装置进行通讯。在该较佳实施例中，该数据信号内嵌于红外线载波信号内，但亦可利用其它为熟习此项技术之人士所熟知的无线数据传输信号。在典型情况下，上述界面显示于连接到客户机装置的电视机2之屏幕上。然而，其它显示装置亦适用。客户机装置与服务器7周期地接触6(提供网络连结的箭号以虚线表示，示出连结之周期性特性)，而在此段时间当中，来自于提供者的当前节目信息会被下载到客户机装置。下载完成之后，节目信息被输入位于固定储存媒体(如磁盘机)上的数据库应用内。本发明之实施例系运用面向对象数据库应用，但亦可运用其它类型的数据库应用，例如关系数据库。
现在参照第2图，图中显示搜寻界面之顶层屏幕20。选项条21高亮度显示出各种可供使用的搜寻选项。第一选项22让观众能根据节目名称来搜寻节目指南。第二选项23让使用者能建立搜寻概况，其可根据演员姓名、导演姓名、类型及关键字词进行搜寻。此外，亦可使用其它搜寻选项。举例而言，扩充的搜寻功能可包括对发行年度、语种、舞蹈演员，或其它任何一种可加以索引化的节目属性等索引。导览箭号24系告知观众可使用的导览选项。举例而言，在第2图中，‘右’箭号24a将观众指南至以名称进行搜寻的屏幕(图3)；‘下’箭号24b让观众能滚动经过被提供选项之列表；而‘左’箭号24c则将观众指南回到前一个画面。若选项条定位于选项列表之较下方，则‘上’箭号(未予以图示)让观众能向上滚动该列表。‘上’、‘下’、‘右’和‘左’箭号通过在手持遥控器4上按下对应的按键操作。在第2图之范例中，观众系选择‘以名称搜寻’22。
现在参照第3图，屏幕30所显示者系为观众提供根据节目类型或根据观众之需求或期望来缩小名称搜寻的选项。藉助选择‘所有节目’选项，将会在整个节目数据库内执行搜寻。选择类型32会将搜寻限定在所对应类型描述内容所定义的节目。当观众正在浏览特定类型的节目时，将搜寻限定在以类型进行将最为有用。若观众想要取得最多的信息，或其当时正在寻找至少知道部分名称的特定节目时，将搜寻限定在以节目类型进行将较无帮助。
选择某一类型之后，使用者会被指南至如第4图所示之屏幕。图中所示者系显示虚拟字母数字键盘41及文字框44的屏幕40。观众系利用遥控器上的导览控制(未予以图示)来定位选择字符周围的选项框48。当选项框正确地定位在所想要的字符上时，观众按下‘选择’键后，被选定字符会出现在文字框44内。观众会持续选择字符，直到其已将至少一部分的节目名称键入文字框内为止。分别提供‘清除’45、‘空格’46和‘删除’47等功能用于清除框格、在字词间插入空格，以及删除单一字符。字首匹配为屏幕提供键入学导字符功能。如此，当观众键入字符时，名称列表42会自动滚动到其字首匹配于观众所键入之字符串的节目项目。如上所述，方向箭头24a-d系告知使用者其可运用的导览选项。如第4图所示，选项框系位于键盘41之最右列字符’T’之周围。在此情况下，导览至右边将会使焦点从键盘移动到名称列表42。‘上’箭号43a和‘下’箭号43b表示观众可在名称列表中向上或向下滚动。
如上所述，观众可建立搜寻概况；在搜寻概况中，观众可根据索引化节目属性或关键字词进行搜寻。节目属性可包括演员姓名、导演姓名、类型、舞蹈演员、语种、发行年度及类似属性。图5显示了根据演员姓名进行搜寻的屏幕50。应注意的是，根据索引化属性或关键字词所进行的搜寻必须建立搜寻概况。当搜寻概况被建立后，其可被储存并加以命名。与搜寻屏幕50之间的互动类似于上述的名称项目屏幕，因而在此不再另外说明。如第6图所示在输入演员姓名之后，屏幕60让使用者依其所需根据类型来缩小搜寻范围。提供另一组屏幕(未予以图示)用于根据导演姓名进行搜寻。该组屏幕之外观及功能类似于根据演员姓名所进行之搜寻的屏幕外观及功能，因而在此不再另外说明。
第7图及第8是分别显示根据关键字词进行搜寻以及根据类型来缩小搜寻范围的屏幕70及80。如上所述，进行关键字词搜寻必须建立搜寻概况。如以下之说明，关键字词取自演员和导演姓名、节目名称及叙述式节目说明。
关键字词搜寻之特点，最大优点在于其提供传统节目指南所未能提供的重要的附加接入点。熟悉公共可接入的信息检索系统之设计技术之人士均了解，不可能完全预知使用者之搜寻行为。因此，无论库以何等精巧的方式予以索引化，仍然不可能适合所有使用者的信息搜寻行为。因此，为了提供一种能够为其所有用户提供最大程度服务的系统，非常需要提供尽可能多的不同的接入点。藉助纳入关键字词搜寻之特性，本发明提供一种重要且具高度灵活性的方法，用于除索引化属性以外存取节目内容及主题。
以关键字词搜寻屏幕所进行的互动方法完全类似于以上所说明的屏幕。因此，在此不另外说明所述屏幕。
索引
如上所述，本发明之视频记录系统以网络为基础，包含中央服务器及数个客户机装置，且各装置与该服务器进行周期性通讯。在本发明之较佳实施例中，网络连结系在公用电信网络上的拨号连线。然而，其它如无线连接等网络连结亦同样适用。在本发明之较佳实施例中，客户机在每一日与服务器进行短暂通讯。在每日的连结过程中，客户机下载当前的节目指南数据。已下载的节目信息被载入位于客户机面向的对象的数据库。如上所述，当观众搜寻数据库以寻找感兴趣的节目时，其可以节目名称进行搜寻、以索引化属性—例如演员姓名或导演姓名—搜寻；或以关键字词进行搜寻。在数据库对象中直接顺序地搜寻记录将会过度耗时且浪费系统资源，因而不当地影响节目指南之可用性。因此，数据库被索引化，且并在所提供的索引文件上执行搜寻，如此可大量提升搜寻效率。
虽然上述数据库可包含其它对象，但名称搜寻特性主要系关于‘系列’对象。属性搜寻及关键字词搜寻等特性主要系关于‘节目’对象。‘系列’对象包含各电视系列之记录。对名称搜寻而言，‘系列’对象最重要的字段系该系列之‘名称’字段。属性搜寻及关键字词搜寻主要系关于‘节目’对象。‘节目对象’包含各单独节目之记录，其中单独节目可以为一个系列中的某一集节目。‘节目’对象至少包含下列字段：
·名称；
·单集的名称；
·说明；
·演员；
·主持人；
·特邀演员；以及
·导演。
上述列表并非特意限定其范围。其它符合本发明之精神及范围的记录结构亦存在。信息从个别的记录中取得，并组合成一系列的索引文件。‘名称’索引为名称搜寻特性而被建构。‘演员’及‘导演’索引会为属性搜寻特性而被建构。最后会为关键字词搜寻提供‘关键字词’索引及‘名称字词’索引。
概括而言，数据库之索引化过程包含下列步骤：
·从数据库记录中提取索引项目；
·由提取出的索引项目建构中间文件；
·由所述中间文件建立原始且未经排序的索引化的文件；
·对所述原始索引文件进行分类；以及
·将所述经过分类的文件压缩成最终索引文件。
以下将详细说明索引化过程中的数个步骤。
对‘名称’索引而言，整个系列名称系从各‘系列’记录之‘名称’字段被提取而成为文字串列，且各文字串列构成一个单独的索引项目或键。
对‘演员’索引而言，各姓名系从‘节目’记录之‘演员’、‘主持人’、‘特邀演员’等字段提取出来，而来自于各个记录的各个姓名构成一个单独的演员键。同样地，对‘导演’索引而言，各姓名系从‘导演’字段被提取出来，而来自于各记录的各个姓名构成一个单独的导演键。
对‘名称字词’索引而言，来自于‘名称’及‘键集的名称’等字段之各名称的单独字词—其长度至少有两个字符—被提取出来，且各单独字词构成一个单独的名称字词。对‘关键字词’索引而言，长度至少有两个字符的各个单独字词系从‘说明’字段被提取出来，且各字词的每次出现构成一个单独的关键字词。
提取键之后，所述键被组成为中间文件：‘名称’、‘演员’、‘导演’、‘名称字词’及‘关键字词’均有其中间文件。‘名称’中间文件包含‘名称’键，‘演员’中间文件包含‘演员’、‘主持人’及‘特邀演员’键，‘导演’中间文件则包含‘导演’键，且‘演员’及‘导演’键中的姓名系以目录格式列出：姓和名以逗号隔开。‘名称字词’文件包含自‘节目’对象之‘名称’及‘集名称’字段所提取到的名称字词。然而，‘关键字词’文件系以不同方式由上述中间文件建构而成。各个关键字词构成‘关键字词’文件中的各个项。此外，演员名会并入‘关键字词’索引。演员名会被语法分析成分别的名和姓，而后再并入‘关键字词’中间文件内。因此，‘关键字词’文件包含来自于‘说明’字段的字词，以及来自于‘演员’、‘主持人’及‘特邀演员’的姓名字词。此步骤之最后结果系‘名称’、‘演员’、‘导演’、‘名称字词’及‘关键字词’之中间文件，而各个中间文件系由文字文件中的相应的键或索引项目之简易列表所构成。
上述中间文件系随后用于建构原始且未经分类的索引文件。上述中间文件之各提示系与节目识别符相互配对，而该节目识别符系对应该键所来自的记录。节目识别符系由系统所产生的字母数字化识别符，其不同于商业节目编排信息提供者—例如TRIBUNE MEDIA SERVICES—所指定的节目识别符。原始索引文件之格式为定界化文字文件；然而，其它数据结构—例如表格—亦同样适用。在本发明之较佳实施例中，上述文件被格式化如下：
          <KEY><TAB><PROG ID>
                ·
                ·
                ·
                ·
                ·
          <KEY><TAB><PROG ID>。
如以下将会详细说明，使用二分法搜寻算法来搜寻索引，且索引必须加以排序。如此，原始索引文件按键加以排序。
经过排序的索引文件藉助删除多余的键而被压缩，使得各个不同键可与节目识别符之列表相互配对，而所述节目识别符对应于数据库内键之各个事件。在本发明之较佳实施例中，经过压缩的索引文件亦为定界文字文件，其格式如下：
CAT        <TAB><ID1，ID2，...，IDN>
LASER      <TAB><ID1，ID2，...，IDN>
STAR       <TAB><ID1，ID2，...，IDN>
TREK       <TAB><ID1，ID2，...，IDN>。
其中，‘猫(cat)’、‘激光(laser)’、‘星体(star)’、‘旅行(trek)’可以为名称字词或关键字词，‘ID1，ID2，...，IDN’则为各单独  键之节目识别符列表。
搜寻演算法
吾人系利用运用二分法搜寻算法的搜寻引擎来搜寻各种不同的索引。一般而言，二分法算法系以涵盖整个搜寻空间的区间开始。搜寻空间系根据搜寻值与中间值的比较结果而重复被分成一半。若搜寻值小于区间内的中间数值，则该区间缩减成较小的一半；否则，缩减成另一半。此运算会持续进行，直到找到搜寻值或区间不存在为止。
如上所述，关键字词搜寻包含名称字词。因此，在关键字词搜寻过程中会执行‘关键字’索引及‘名称字词’索引两者之二分法搜寻。
虽然本发明已参照特定的较佳实施例予以说明，但熟习此项技术之人士当可轻易得知，其它应用可加以替换而仍不脱离本发明之精神及范围。因此，本发明应仅由下列申请专利范围加以限定。

Claims (54)

1.一种用于搜寻分布式互动电视节目指南数据库的系统，其中观众搜寻所述数据库藉以找出感兴趣的节目，所述系统至少包含：
服务器；
客户机，其中所述客户机与所述服务器进行周期通讯，且其中所述客户机从所述服务器下载当前节目信息；
节目指南数据库，其位于所述客户机，其中所述节目信息被载入所述数据库内；
互动式观众界面，其显示于与所述客户机通信的显示装置；
用于在所述观众与所述观众界面之间进行互动的装置；
用于根据节目名称来搜寻所述数据库的装置；
用于根据索引化节目属性来搜寻所述数据库的装置；以及
用于根据关键字词来搜寻所述数据库的装置。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统系互动式网络为基础的视频记录系统的部件。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述界面包含数个屏幕显示，所述屏幕显示具有导览、键入搜寻值及显示搜寻结果等界面单元。
4.如权利要求3所述的系统，其特征在于，所述用于与所述界面进行互动的装置包含一遥控装置，所述遥控装置借助于数据信号与所述客户机进行通讯。
5.如权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述数据信号系内嵌于载波信号内。
6.如权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述根据节目名称来搜寻所述数据库的装置包含用于选择性地选取节目类型的屏幕。
7.如权利要求5所述的系统，其特征在于，所述根据节目名称来搜寻所述数据库的装置还包含用于键入节目名称及显示节目名称列表的屏幕，所述用于键入节目名称的屏幕包含：
虚拟字母数字键盘，其用于键入字符以拼写所述节目名称；
文字框，其用于显示所述被键入的字符；以及
可滚动式节目名称列表，其特征在于，字首匹配特性致使所述节目名称列表自动地卷动至所述列表中具有匹配显示于所述文字框内之字串的字首的名称。
8.如权利要求7所述的系统，其特征在于，所述观众借助启动所述遥控装置上的控制而键入字符，所述控制系对应所述键盘上的虚拟控制。
9.如权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述用于根据索引化属性来搜寻所述数据库的装置包含：
用于根据演员姓名进行搜寻的屏幕；
用于根据导演姓名进行搜寻的屏幕；以及
在所述演员姓名屏幕与所述导演姓名屏幕之前的分别屏幕，其用于选择性地选取节目类型。
10.如权利要求9所述的系统，其特征在于，所述根据演员姓名进行搜寻的屏幕包含：
虚拟字母数字键盘，其用于键入字符以拼写所述演员姓名；
文字框，其用于显示所述被键入的字符；以及
可滚动式演员姓名列表，其特征在于，字首匹配特性致使所述演员姓名列表自动地卷动至所述列表中具有匹配显示于所述文字框内之字串的字首的演员姓名。
11.如权利要求10所述的系统，其特征在于，所述观众借助启动所述遥控装置上的控制而键入字符，所述控制系对应所述键盘上的虚拟控制。
12.如权利要求9所述的系统，其特征在于，所述根据导演姓名进行搜寻的屏幕包含：
虚拟字母数字键盘，其用于键入字符以拼写所述导演姓名；
文字框，其用于显示所述被键入的字符；以及
可滚动式导演姓名列表，其特征在于，字首匹配特性致使所述导演姓名列表自动地卷动至所述列表中具有匹配显示于所述文字框内之字串的字首的导演姓名。
13.如权利要求12所述的系统，其特征在于，所述观众借助启动所述遥控装置上的控制而键入字符，所述控制系对应所述键盘上的虚拟控制。
14.如权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述根据关键字词来搜寻所述数据库的装置包含用于选择性地选取节目类型的屏幕。
15.如权利要求14所述的系统，其特征在于，所述根据关键字词来搜寻所述数据库的装置还包含用于键入关键字词的屏幕，所述用于键入关键字词的屏幕包含：
虚拟字母数字键盘，其用于键入字符以拼写所述关键字词；以及
文字框，其用于显示所述被键入的字符。
16.如权利要求15所述的系统，其特征在于，所述观众借助启动所述遥控装置上的控制而键入字符，所述控制系对应所述键盘上的虚拟控制。
17.如权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述索引化属性包括下列任一：
演员姓名；
导演姓名；
主持人姓名；
特邀演员姓名；
舞蹈演员；
发行年度；
类型；以及
语种。
18.如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述节目指南数据库包含面向对象数据库应用，所述数据库应用包含至少：
‘序列’对象；以及
‘节目’对象。
19.  如权利要求18所述的系统，其特征在于，所述‘序列’对象包含一序列‘名称’字段。
20.如权利要求19所述的系统，其特征在于，所述节目指南数据库还包含一‘名称’索引，所述‘名称’索引由所述‘序列’名称字段中的项目构成。
21.如权利要求20所述的系统，其特征在于，所述根据节目名称来搜寻所述数据库的装置包含用于搜寻所述‘名称’索引的搜寻引擎。
22.如权利要求18所述的系统，其特征在于，所述‘节目’对象包含下列字段：
名称；
单集名称；
说明；
演员；
主持人；
特邀演员；以及
导演。
23.如权利要求22所述的系统，其特征在于，所述数据库还包含‘演员’索引，所述‘演员’索引由所述‘演员’、‘主持人’、‘特邀演员’等字段中的项目构成。
24.如权利要求23所述的系统，其特征在于，所述数据库还包含一‘导演’索引，所述‘导演’索引由所述‘导演’字段中的项目构成。
25.如权利要求24所述的系统，其特征在于，所述根据节目属性来搜寻所述数据库的装置包含用于搜寻所述‘演员’索引和所述‘导演’索引的搜寻引擎。
26.如权利要求18所述的系统，其特征在于，所述数据库还包含一‘名称字词’索引，所述‘名称字词’索引由所述‘名称’字段和所述‘单集名称’字段构成。
27.如权利要求26所述的系统，其特征在于，所述数据库还包含一‘关键字词’索引，所述‘关键字词’索引由所述‘说明’字段、所述‘演员’字段、所述‘主持人’字段和所述‘特邀演员’字段中的字词构成。
28.如权利要求27所述的系统，其特征在于，所述根据关键字词来搜寻所述数据库的装置包含用于搜寻所述‘名称字词’索引和所述‘关键字词’索引的搜寻引擎。
29.一种用于搜寻分布式互动电视节目指南数据库的方法，其特征在于，观众搜寻所述节目指南数据库以找出感兴趣的节目，所述方法至少包含下列步骤：
提供一服务器；
提供一客户机，其特征在于，所述客户机系与所述服务器进行周期通讯，且其特征在于，所述客户机从所述服务器下载当前节目信息；
提供一节目指南数据库，其位于所述客户机，其特征在于，所述节目信息被载入所述数据库内；
提供一互动式观众界面，其显示于与所述客户机通信的显示装置；
提供用于在所述观众与所述观众界面之间进行互动的装置；以及
所述观众根据下列至少其特征在于，之一来搜寻所述数据库：
节目名称；
索引化节目名称属性；以及
关键字词。
30.如权利要求29所述的方法，其特征在于，所述系统系互动式网络为基础的视频记录系统的部件。
31.如权利要求29所述的方法，其特征在于，所述界面包含数个屏幕显示，所述屏幕显示具有导览、键入搜寻值及显示搜寻结果等界面单元。
32.如权利要求31所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用于与所述界面进行互动的装置包含一遥控装置，所述遥控装置借助于数据信号与所述客户机进行通讯。
33.如权利要求32所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据信号内嵌于载波信号内。
34.如权利要求32所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据节目名称来搜寻所述数据库之步骤包含下列步骤：
在第一屏幕中选择性地选取节目类型；以及
在第二屏幕中键入节目名称，所述第二屏幕包含：
一虚拟字母数字键盘，其用于键入字符以拼写所述节目名称；
一文字框，其用于显示所述被键入的字符；以及
一可滚动式节目名称列表，其特征在于，字首匹配特性致使所述节目名称列表自动地卷动至所述列表中具有匹配显示于所述文字框内之字串的字首的名称。
35.如权利要求34所述的方法，其特征在于，所述观众借助启动所述遥控装置上的控制而键入字符，所述控制系对应所述键盘上的虚拟控制。
36.如权利要求32所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据索引化属性来搜寻所述数据库之步骤包含下列其特征在于，之一步骤：
根据演员姓名进行搜寻；
根据导演姓名进行搜寻；以及
根据演员姓名进行搜寻，或根据导演姓名进行搜寻的步骤之前，选择性地选取节目类型。
37.如权利要求36所述的方法，其特征在于，根据演员姓名进行搜寻的屏幕包含：
一虚拟字母数字键盘，其用于键入字符以拼写所述演员姓名；
一文字框，其用于显示所述被键入的字符；以及
一可滚动式演员姓名列表，其特征在于，字首匹配特性致使所述演员姓名列表自动地卷动至所述列表中具有匹配显示于所述文字框内之字串的演员姓名。
38.如权利要求37所述的方法，其特征在于，所述观众借助启动所述遥控装置上的控制而键入字符，所述控制系对应所述键盘上的虚拟控制。
39.如权利要求36所述的方法，其特征在于，根据导演姓名进行搜寻的屏幕包含：
一虚拟字母数字键盘，其用于键入字符以拼写所述导演名字；
一文字框，其用于显示所述被键入的字符；以及
一可滚动式导演名字列表，其特征在于，字首匹配特性致使所述导演名字列表自动地卷动至所述列表中具有匹配显示于所述文字框内之字串的的字首的导演名字。
40.如权利要求39所述的方法，其特征在于，所述观众借助启动所述遥控装置上的控制而键入字符，所述控制对应所述键盘上的虚拟控制。
41.如权利要求32所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据关键字词来搜寻所述数据库之步骤包含下列步骤：
从第一屏幕中选择性地选取节目类型；以及
在第二屏幕中键入关键字词，所述第二屏幕包含：
一虚拟字母数字键盘，其用于键入字符以拼写所述关键字词；以及
一文字框，其用于显示所述被键入的字符。
42.如权利要求41所述的方法，其特征在于，所述观众借助启动所述遥控装置上的控制而键入字符，所述控制对应所述键盘上的虚拟控制。
43.如权利要求32所述的方法，其特征在于，所述索引化属性包括下列任一：
演员姓名；
导演姓名；
主持人姓名；
特邀演员姓名；
舞蹈演员；
发行年度；
类型；以及
语种。
44.如权利要求29所述的方法，其特征在于，所述节目指南数据库包含面向对象数据库应用，所述数据库应用包含至少：
‘序列’对象；以及
‘节目’对象。
45.如权利要求44所述的方法，其特征在于，所述‘序列’对象包含一序列‘名称’字段。
46.如权利要求45所述的方法，其特征在于，所述节目指南数据库还包含一‘名称’索引，所述‘名称’索引由所述‘序列’字段构成。
47.如权利要求46所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据节目名称来搜寻所述数据库的装置包含用于搜寻所述‘名称’索引的搜寻引擎。
48.如权利要求44所述的方法，其特征在于，所述‘节目’对象包含下列字段：
名称；
单集名称；
说明；
演员；
主持人；
特邀演员；以及
导演。
49.如权利要求48所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据库还包含‘演员’索引，所述‘演员’索引由所述‘演员’、‘主持人’和‘特邀演员’等字段构成。
50.如权利要求49所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据库还包含一‘导演’索引，所述‘导演’索引由所述‘导演’字段中的项目构成。
51.如权利要求50所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据‘演员’或‘导演’来搜寻所述数据库的装置包含用于搜寻所述‘演员’索引和所述‘导演’索引的搜寻引擎。
52.如权利要求44所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据库还包含一‘名称字词’索引，所述‘名称字词’索引由所述‘名称’字段和所述‘单集名称’字段中的项目构成。
53.如权利要求52所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据库还包含一‘关键字词’索引，所述‘关键字词’索引由所述‘说明’字段、所述‘演员’字段、所述‘主持人’字段和所述‘特邀演员’字段中的字词构成。
54.如权利要求53所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据关键字词来搜寻所述数据库的装置包含用于搜寻所述‘名称字词’索引和‘关键字词’索引的搜寻引擎。
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