CN1448019A - 语音即时消息 - Google Patents

语音即时消息 Download PDF

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CN1448019A
CN1448019A CN01808212A CN01808212A CN1448019A CN 1448019 A CN1448019 A CN 1448019A CN 01808212 A CN01808212 A CN 01808212A CN 01808212 A CN01808212 A CN 01808212A CN 1448019 A CN1448019 A CN 1448019A
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main frame
recipient
transmitter
instant message
talk
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CN100401733C (zh
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吴舒武
詹姆斯·克劳福德
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Flying Book Co
Auergesellschaft GmbH
Historic AOL LLC
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America Online Inc
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/04Real-time or near real-time messaging, e.g. instant messaging [IM]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/04Real-time or near real-time messaging, e.g. instant messaging [IM]
    • H04L51/046Interoperability with other network applications or services
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/56Unified messaging, e.g. interactions between e-mail, instant messaging or converged IP messaging [CPM]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066Session management
    • H04L65/1083In-session procedures
    • H04L65/1094Inter-user-equipment sessions transfer or sharing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066Session management
    • H04L65/1101Session protocols
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80Responding to QoS
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/22Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing
    • H04M3/2236Quality of speech transmission monitoring
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/42Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
    • H04M3/50Centralised arrangements for answering calls; Centralised arrangements for recording messages for absent or busy subscribers ; Centralised arrangements for recording messages
    • H04M3/53Centralised arrangements for recording incoming messages, i.e. mailbox systems
    • H04M3/533Voice mail systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/42Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
    • H04M3/56Arrangements for connecting several subscribers to a common circuit, i.e. affording conference facilities
    • H04M3/567Multimedia conference systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/0003Interconnection between telephone networks and data networks
    • H04M7/0009Interconnection between telephone networks and data networks where voice calls remain entirely in the telephone network
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M2203/00Aspects of automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M2203/20Aspects of automatic or semi-automatic exchanges related to features of supplementary services
    • H04M2203/2066Call type detection of indication, e.g. voice or fax, mobile of fixed, PSTN or IP
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M2203/00Aspects of automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M2203/45Aspects of automatic or semi-automatic exchanges related to voicemail messaging
    • H04M2203/4536Voicemail combined with text-based messaging
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/22Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing
    • H04M3/26Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing with means for applying test signals or for measuring
    • H04M3/28Automatic routine testing ; Fault testing; Installation testing; Test methods, test equipment or test arrangements therefor
    • H04M3/30Automatic routine testing ; Fault testing; Installation testing; Test methods, test equipment or test arrangements therefor for subscriber's lines, for the local loop
    • H04M3/305Automatic routine testing ; Fault testing; Installation testing; Test methods, test equipment or test arrangements therefor for subscriber's lines, for the local loop testing of physical copper line parameters, e.g. capacitance or resistance

Abstract

本发明涉及语音即时消息,用于传输电子数据的系统和技术包括通过即时消息主机(604)在发送器(602a)和至少一个接受器(602b)之间实现即时消息通信。另外,通过即时消息主机(604)在发送器(602a)和接受器(602b)之间实现语音通信。

Description

语音即时消息
本专利申请提出对2000年3月17日提交的美国临时专利申请60/189974和2000年10月13日提交的美国临时专利申请60/239917的权利要求。
技术领域
本发明一般涉及在通信系统的订户之间传输数据,并更具体地涉及在即时消息主机的订户之间传输音频数据。
背景技术
在线服务供应商经常提供新的服务和更新现有的服务,以增加他们订户的在线经验。订户可随时访问新闻、天气、金融、体育和娱乐服务并且具有发送电子消息和参与在线讨论组的能力。例如,在线服务供应商如America Online或CompuServe的订户可以从遍布全球的服务器查看和检索主题广泛的信息。服务器可由服务供应商或第三方供应商维护,第三方供应商使信息和服务在组成所述在线服务的全球计算机网络上都有效。
America Online已向订户提供发送和检索即时消息的能力。即时消息是在已订购即时消息服务且已安装必要软件的两个或多个人之间的私人在线谈话。由于此种在线谈话几乎是实时发生的,因此即时消息能提供对所需信息的立即访问。即时消息正变为在线订户之间通信的优选方式。
发明内容
在一个总的方面中,通过即时消息主机在发送器和至少一个接受器之间实现即时消息通信,从而在通信系统的用户之间传输电子数据。另外,通过即时消息主机在发送器和接受器之间实现语音通信。
实施例包括一个或多个以下特征。例如,在即时消息主机上接收和验证来自发送器的文本即时消息;判断接受器的性能;报告接受器的性能;从发送器和/或接受器接收建立语音通信的请求;和/或验证所述请求。验证包括识别发送器和/或接受器的屏幕名称和/或IP地址。判断接受器的性能包括识别与接受器有关的硬件或软件。根据接受器的性能显示用户界面。
通过在发送器和接受器之间建立总信号界面信道、控制信道、以及音频信道而实现语音通信。在音频信道上尝试模式UDP测试。控制信道包括TCP/IP接口。音频信道包括UDP或TCP信道。
这些和其它的总的方面可由装置和/或由储存在计算机可读介质上的计算机程序来实施。计算机可读介质包括磁盘、客户机、主机和/或传播信号。
从以下结合附图的描述以及从权利要求中,其它的特征将显而易见。
附图说明
图1为通信系统的框图。
图2-5为图1框图的扩展。
图6为由图1-5系统实施的通信方法的流程图。
图7-10为由图1-5系统提供的不同图形用户界面示例。
具体实施方式
为了举例说明,图1-5描述用于实施电子数据传输技术的通信系统。为简便起见,在下面描述中,附图中的几个部件用单个实体表示。然而,本领域技术人员应理解,这些部件每一个都包括大量的互联计算机以及设计成执行一组特定操作和/或用于具体地理区域的组件。
参照图1,通信系统100能在客户机系统105和主机系统110之间通过通信链115传输和交换数据。客户机系统105一般包括一个或多个客户机120和/或客户机控制器125。例如,客户机系统105包括一个或多个通用计算机(如个人计算机)、一个或多个专用计算机(如为互相通信和/或与主机系统110通信而专门编程的器件)、或者一个或多个通用计算机与一个或多个专用计算机的组合。客户机系统105设置得在一个或多个其它系统内或结合其它系统操作,所述其它系统例如为一个或多个LAN(“局域网”)和/或一个或多个WAN(“广域网”)。
客户机120一般能在客户机控制器125的命令下执行指令。客户机120通过能传输数据的有线或无线数据通道130联接到客户机控制器125。
客户机120和客户机控制器125通常每一个都包括一个或多个硬件组件和/或软件组件。客户机120的实例是能以规定的方式响应和执行指令的通用计算机(如个人计算机)。其它实例包括专用计算机、工作站、服务器、器件、组件、其它设备或一些能响应和执行指令的器件组合。客户机控制器125的实例是安装在客户机120上用于命令和引导客户机120通信的应用软件。其它实例包括程序、代码段、指令、器件、计算机、计算机系统或它们的组合,用于独立地或共同地指示客户机120进行本文所述的互动和操作。客户机控制器125可以永久地或暂时地包含在能向客户机120提供指令的任何类型的机器、组件、设备、存储介质、或传播信号中。
通信链115一般包括在客户机系统105和主机系统110之间进行直接或间接通信的传输网络160,而与物理上的分离无关。传输网络160的实例包括互联网、全球网、WAN、LAN、模拟或数字有线和无线电话网络(如PSTN、ISDN或xDSL)、无线电、电视、电缆、卫星、和/或任何其它用于承载数据的传输机构。通信链115包括通过上述一个或多个传输网络160实现通信的通信通道150、155。每个通信通道150、155例如包括有线的、无线的、电缆或卫星通信通道。
主机系统110包括能在主机控制器140的命令和指导下执行指令的主机135。主机135通过能承载和传输数据的有线或无线数据通道145联接到主机控制器140。
主机系统110一般包括一个或多个主机135和/或主机控制器140。例如,主机系统1 10包括一个或多个通用计算机(如个人计算机)、一个或多个专用计算机(如为互相通信和/或与客户机系统105通信而专门编程的器件)、或者一个或多个通用计算机与一个或多个专用计算机的组合。主机系统110设置得在一个或多个其它系统内或结合其它系统操作,所述其它系统例如为一个或多个LAN(“局域网”)和/或一个或多个WAN(“广域网”)。
主机135和主机控制器140通常每一个都包括一个或多个硬件组件和/或软件组件。主机135的实例是能以规定的方式响应和执行指令的通用计算机(如个人计算机)。其它实例包括专用计算机、工作站、服务器、器件、组件、其它设备或一些能响应和执行指令的器件组合。主机控制器140的实例是安装在主机135上用于命令和引导主机135通信的应用软件。其它实例包括程序、代码段、指令、器件、计算机、计算机系统或它们的组合,用于独立地或共同地指示主机135进行本文所述的互动和操作。主机控制器140可以永久地或暂时地包含在能向主机135提供指令的任何类型的机器、组件、设备、存储介质、或传播信号中。
图2示出包括客户机系统205的通信系统200,其中客户机系统205通过通信链215与主机系统210通信。客户机系统205一般包括一个或多个客户机220以及一个或多个用于控制客户机220的客户机控制器225。主机系统210一般包括一个或多个主机235以及一个或多个用于控制主机235的主机控制器240。通信链215包括通过一个或多个传输网络260实现通信的通信通道250、255。
图2通信系统内每个部件的实例在以上结合图1进行了粗略的描述。具体地,主机系统210和通信链215的属性一般与结合图1中主机系统110和通信链115所述的相似。同样,图2的客户机系统205一般具有与图1中客户机系统105相似的属性,并且示出客户机系统105的一个可能实施例。
客户机220一般包括具有内部或外部存储器272的通用计算机270,存储器272用于储存诸如操作系统274(如DOS、WindowsTM、Windows95TM、Windows98TM、Windows2000TM、WindowsNTTM、OS/2或Linux)和一个或多个应用程序的数据和程序。应用程序的实例包括:能产生文档或其它电子内容的编辑应用软件276(如字处理软件、数据库软件、电子制表软件和图形软件);能与其它计算机用户通信、访问各种计算机资源、并且观看、创建或操作电子内容的客户应用软件278(如AOL客户软件、CompuServe客户软件、AIM客户软件、AOL TV客户软件或ISP客户软件);以及能再现标准互联网内容的浏览器应用软件280(如Netscape的Navigator和Microsoft的Internet Explorer)。
通用计算机270还包括执行响应客户机控制器225命令的指令的中央处理单元282(CPU)。在一个实施例中,客户机控制器225包括一个或多个安装在通用计算机270的内部或外部存储器272中的应用程序。在另一个实施例中,客户机控制器225包括由通用计算机270的一个或多个外部器件在外部储存和执行的应用程序。
通用计算机一般包括用于发送和接收数据的通信装置284。通信装置284的一个实例是调制解调器。其它实例包括收发器、机顶盒、通信卡、卫星抛物面天线、天线、或其它能通过有线或无线数据通道250在通信链215上发送和接收数据的另一网络适配器。通用计算机270还包括用于接收电视节目的TV(“电视”)调谐器286,电视节目的形式为广播、卫星、和/或有线TV信号。结果,客户机220可以有选择性地和/或同时地显示从通信装置284接收的网络内容以及从TV调谐器286接收的电视节目内容。
通用计算机270一般包括用于有线或无线地联接到各种外围器件290的输入/输出界面288。外围器件290的实例包括但不局限于鼠标291、移动电话292、个人数字助理293(PDA)、键盘294、具有或没有触摸屏输入的监视器295、用于从订户接收信息并再现信息的TV遥控器296、以及视频输入器件298。
尽管图2示出诸如移动电话292、PDA 293和TV遥控器296的器件,作为通用计算机270的外围器件,但在另一实施例中,这些器件本身就包括通用计算机270的功能,并且用作客户机220。例如,移动电话292或PDA 293包括计算和联网功能,并且通过访问传输网络260且与主机系统210通信而用作客户机220。进而,客户机系统205包括上述组件和器件中的一个、一部分或全部。
参照图3,通信系统300能通过通信链315在客户机系统305和主机系统310之间传输和交换信息。客户机系统305一般包括一个或多个客户机320以及一个或多个用于控制客户机320的客户机控制器325。主机系统310一般包括一个或多个主机335以及一个或多个用于控制主机335的主机控制器340。通信链315包括通过一个或多个传输网络360实现通信的通信通道350、355。
图3通信系统内每个部件的实例在以上结合图1和2进行了粗略的描述。具体地,客户机系统305和通信链315的属性一般与结合图1和2中客户机系统105和205及通信链115和215所述的相似。同样,图3的主机系统310一般具有与图1和2所示主机系统110和210相似的属性,并且示出主机系统110和210的一个可能实施例。
主机系统310包括主机335和主机控制器340。主机控制器340一般能发送指令给主机335的任何或所有部件。例如,在一个实施例中,主机控制器340包括一个或多个安装在主机335上的应用软件。然而,如上所述,在其他实施例中,主机控制器340包括任何几个其它的程序、机器和器件,它们用于独立地或共同地工作来控制主机335。
主机335包括登录服务器370,登录服务器370用于实现订户的访问并规定客户机系统305和主机335其它部件之间的通信路线。主机335还包括各种主机联合体,如所述的OSP(“在线服务供应商”)主机联合体380和IM(“即时消息”)主机联合体390。为了实现订户对这些主机联合体的访问,客户机系统305包括通信软件,如OSP客户应用软件和IM客户应用软件。OSP和IM通信应用软件设计成有利于订户与各个服务之间的互动,并且具体地,提供对各个主机联合体内全部现有服务的访问。
一般地,OSP主机联合体380支持不同的服务,如电子邮件、讨论组、聊天、新闻服务以及互联网访问。OSP主机联合体380一般设计成具有这样的架构,使得OSP主机联合体380内的机器能互相通信并且使用一定的协议(即标准、格式、约定、规则和结构)传输数据。OSP主机联合体380通常使用一个或多个OSP协议和定制拨号器,实现所选客户应用软件的访问。OSP主机联合体380基于公共的和基础的通用协议为每个服务确定一个或多个特定的协议。
IM主机联合体390一般独立于OSP主机联合体380,并且支持与订户网络或互联网访问无关的即时消息服务。因而,IM主机联合体390允许订户发送和接收即时消息,无论他们是否访问任何具体的ISP。IM主机联合体390支持相关的服务,如管理事务、广告、目录服务、聊天、以及与即时消息有关的利益群体。IM主机联合体390具有使IM主机联合体内所有机器互相通信的架构。为了传输数据,IM主机联合体390使用一个或多个标准的或排它的IM协议。
主机335包括联接并因此链接联合体的一个或多个网关,如OSP主机联合体网关385和IM主机联合体网关395。OSP主机联合体385网关和IM主机联合体网关395通过有线或无线的通道直接或间接地链接OSP主机联合体380与IM主机联合体390。通常,当用于促进联合体之间的链接时,OSP主机联合体网关385和IM主机联合体网关395对于与目标联合体所预期的协议类型有关的信息是隐蔽的,这使得将要执行的任何必要的协议转换对于从一个联合体到另一个的数据传输是容易的。例如,OSP主机联合体380与IM主机联合体390一般使用不同的协议,从而在联合体之间的数据传输被OSP主机联合体网关385和/或IM主机联合体网关395要求或应它们的请求进行协议转换。
参照图4,通信系统400能通过通信链415在客户机系统405和主机系统410之间传输和交换信息。客户机系统405一般包括一个或多个客户机420以及一个或多个用于控制客户机420的客户机控制器425。主机系统410一般包括一个或多个主机435以及一个或多个用于控制主机435的主机控制器440。通信链415包括通过一个或多个传输网络460实现通信的通信通道450、455。如图所示,客户机系统405通过主机系统410访问互联网465。
图4通信系统内每个部件的实例在以上结合图1-3进行了粗略的描述。具体地,客户机系统405和通信链415的属性一般与结合图1-3中客户机系统105、205和305及通信链115、215和315所述的相似。同样,图4的主机系统410一般具有与图1-3所示主机系统110、210和310相似的属性,并且示出主机系统110、210和310的一个可能实施例。然而,图4描述主机系统410的一个方面,主要集中在OSP主机联合体480的一个具体实施例上。为了与OSP主机联合体480通信,传输网络460一般是电话网络。
客户机系统405包括客户机420和客户机控制器425。客户机控制器425一般能建立与主机系统410的联接,包括与OSP主机联合体480、IM主机联合体490和/或互联网465的联接。在一个实施例中,客户机控制器425包括OSP应用程序,OSP应用程序使用排它的OSP协议与OSP主机联合体480中的服务器通信。客户机控制器425还包括应用软件,如IM客户应用软件和/或互联网浏览器应用软件,用于与IM主机联合体490和互联网465通信。
主机系统410包括主机435和主机控制器440。主机控制器440一般能发送指令给主机435的任何或所有部件。例如,在一个实施例中,主机控制器440包括一个或多个安装在主机435的一个或多个部件上的应用软件。然而,如上所述,在另一个实施例中,主机控制器440包括任何几个其它的程序、机器和器件,它们用于独立地或共同地工作来控制主机435。
主机系统410包括登录服务器470,登录服务器470用于实现客户机系统405对主机系统410各个部件的访问和验证,其中,主机系统410包括OSP主机联合体480和IM主机联合体490。登录服务器470执行一个或多个验证程序,以实现对OSP主机联合体480和IM主机联合体490的同时访问。OSP主机联合体480和IM主机联合体490通过一个或多个OSP主机联合体网关485和一个或多个IM主机联合体网关495联接。每个OSP主机联合体网关485和IM主机联合体网关495执行实现OSP主机联合体480、IM主机联合体490和互联网465之间通信所必需的所有协议转换。
OSP主机联合体480支持位于OSP主机联合体480内部或外部的一个或多个服务器的一系列服务。OSP主机联合体480外部的服务器一般可视为存在于互联网465上。OSP主机联合体480内部的服务器可设置成一个或多个配置。例如,服务器以集中的或局部化的簇布置,以便在OSP主机联合体480内分配服务器和订户。
在图4的实施例中,OSP主机联合体480包括路由处理器4802。一般而言,路由处理器4802将检查数据请求的地址域,使用映射表决定数据请求的合适目标,并且把数据请求引导至合适目标。在基于数据包的实施例中,客户机系统405产生信息请求,把所述请求转换成数据包,对数据包顺序化,执行错误检查和其它的数据包切换技术,并把数据包发送给路由处理器4802。在从客户机系统405接收数据包时,路由处理器4802直接地或间接地把数据包发送至OSP主机联合体480内部或外部的特定目标。例如,在客户机系统405的数据请求在局部地令人满意的情况下,路由处理器4802把此数据请求导向本地服务器4804。在数据请求不能局部地令人满意的情况下,路由处理器4802通过网关485把所述数据请求向外部引导到互联网465或IM主机联合体。
OSP主机联合体480还包括用于引导数据请求和/或有利于客户机系统405和互联网465之间通信的代理服务器4806。代理服务器4806包括用于把OSP协议的数据转换成标准互联网协议并把此数据传送给互联网465的IP(“互联网协议”)管道。IP管道还把从互联网接收到的标准互联网协议形式的数据转换回OSP协议,并且把转换的数据发送给路由处理器4802以便传送回客户机系统405。
代理服务器4806还允许客户机系统405使用标准互联网协议并格式化,以访问OSP主机联合体480和互联网465。例如,订户可使用安装在客户机系统405上的OSP TV客户应用软件以产生标准互联网协议形式的请求,如HTTP(“超文本传输协议”),其中,OSP TV客户应用软件具有嵌入的浏览器应用软件。在基于数据包的实施例中,数据包压缩在标准互联网管道协议如UDP(“用户数据报协议”)内,并发送到代理服务器4806。代理服务器4806包括能与客户机系统405建立点对点协议(PPP)对话的L2TP(“第二层管道协议”)管道。
代理服务器4806还用作在客户机系统405和互联网465之间的缓冲器,并且实施内容过滤和省时技术。例如,代理服务器4806可检查客户机系统405的母体控制设置,并根据此母体控制设置从互联网465请求和发送内容。另外,代理服务器4806包括一个或多个用于储存被频繁访问的信息的高速缓冲存储器。如果决定将所述请求数据储存在高速缓冲存储器内,代理服务器4806就从高速缓冲存储器发送信息给客户机系统405,并避免需要去访问互联网465。
参照图5,通信系统500能通过通信链515在客户机系统505和主机系统510之间传输和交换信息。客户机系统505一般包括一个或多个客户机520和一个或多个用于控制客户机520的客户机控制器525。主机系统510一般包括一个或多个主机535和一个或多个用于控制主机535的主机控制器540。通信链515包括通过一个或多个传输网络560实现通信的通信通道550、555。如图所示,客户机系统505通过主机系统510访问互联网565。
图5通信系统内每个部件的实例在以上结合图1-4进行了粗略的描述。具体地,客户机系统505和通信链515的属性一般与结合图1-4中客户机系统105、205、305和405及通信链115、215、315和415所述的相似。同样,图5的主机系统510具有与图1-4中所示主机系统110、210、310和410相似的属性,并且示出主机系统110、210、310和410的一个可能实施例。然而,图5描述主机系统510的一个方面,主要集中在IM主机联合体590的一个具体实施例上。为了与IM主机联合体590通信,传输网络560一般是电话网络。
客户机系统505包括客户机520和客户机控制器525。客户机控制器525一般能建立与主机系统510的联接,包括与OSP主机联合体580、IM主机联合体590和/或互联网565的联接。在一个实施例中,客户机控制器525包括IM应用程序,IM应用程序使用排它的IM协议与IM主机联合体590中的服务器通信。客户机控制器525还包括应用软件,如OSP客户应用软件和/或互联网浏览器应用软件,用于分别与OSP主机联合体580和互联网565通信。
主机系统510包括主机535和主机控制器540。主机控制器540一般能发送指令给主机535的任何或所有部件。例如,在一个实施例中,主机控制器540包括一个或多个安装在主机535的一个或多个部件上的应用软件。然而,如上所述,在另一个实施例中,主机控制器540包括任何几个其它的程序、机器和器件,它们用于独立地或协同工作来控制主机535。
主机系统510包括登录服务器570,登录服务器570用于实现客户机系统505对主机系统510各个部件的访问和验证,并且主机系统510包括OSP主机联合体580和IM主机联合体590。登录服务器570执行一个或多个验证程序,以实现对OSP主机联合体580和IM主机联合体590的同时访问。OSP主机联合体580和IM主机联合体590通过一个或多个OSP主机联合体网关585和一个或多个IM主机联合体网关595联接。每个OSP主机联合体网关585和IM主机联合体网关595执行实现OSP主机联合体580、IM主机联合体590和互联网565之间通信所必需的任何协议转换。
为了访问IM主机联合体590以开始即时消息对话,客户机系统505建立与登录服务器570的联接。登录服务器570一般通过验证订户标识符和密码来判断特定订户是否被授权访问IM主机联合体590。如果订户被授权访问IM主机联合体590,登录服务器570就在订户的屏幕名称上使用散列技术以识别用于订户对话过程中的特定IM服务器5902。登录服务器570向客户机系统505提供特定IM服务器5902的IP地址,赋予客户机系统505密钥(即网站文件)并中断联接。接着,客户机系统505使用IP地址通过通信链515建立与具体IM服务器5902的联接,并且用密钥获得对此IM服务器5902的访问。一般而言,客户机系统505配备有Winsock API(“应用编程界面”),Winsock API使客户机系统505能建立与IM服务器5902的开放TCP联接。
一旦建立与IM服务器5902的联接,客户机系统505就直接或间接地向IM服务器5902和一个或多个相关的域服务器5904发送数据并访问它们的内容。IM服务器5902支持基本即时消息服务,域服务器5904支持相关的服务,如管理事务、目录服务、聊天和利益群体。通常,域服务器5904的目的是通过对IM主机联合体590内的一些服务负责,而减轻加在IM服务器5902上的负担。通过访问IM服务器5902和/或域服务器5904,订户使用IM客户应用软件查看特定订户(“伙伴”)是否在线,与特定订户交换即时消息,参与集体聊天室,交换诸如图象、邀请函或文档的文件,寻找具有相似兴趣的其它订户,获得定制的新闻和股票价格,以及搜索Web。
在图5的实施例中,IM服务器5902直接或间接地联接到路由网关5906。路由网关5906例如通过用作链接最小化工具或用作把几个IM服务器联接到几个报警多路复用器5908的网络集线器,有利于IM服务器5902和一个或多个报警多路复用器5908之间的联接。通常,报警多路复用器5908保存报警记录和注册接收所述报警的订户。
一旦客户机系统505联接到报警多路复用器5908,订户可注册和/或接收一种或多种类型的报警。通过在IM服务器5902上使用另一散列技术而决定客户机系统505和报警多路复用器5908之间的联接通道,以识别用于订户对话的特定报警多路复用器5908。一旦已识别特定报警多路复用器5908,IM服务器5902向客户机系统505提供特定报警多路复用器5908的IP地址,并赋予客户机系统505密钥(即网站文件)。然后,客户机系统505使用此IP地址通过通信链515联接到特定报警多路复用器5908,并用该密钥获得对报警多路复用器5908的访问。
报警多路复用器5908联接到报警门5910,与IM主机联合体网关595一样,报警门5910能执行必需的协议转换以形成到OSP主机联合体580的桥。报警门5910是在IM主机联合体590和物理服务器如OSP主机联合体580内的服务器之间的界面,在此发生状态变化。通常,与状态变化有关的信息由IM主机联合体590汇集和使用。然而,报警多路复用器5908也通过IM网关595与OSP主机联合体580通信,例如,向OSP主机联合体580的服务器和订户提供从报警门5910汇集的某些信息。
报警门5910可能检测与特定类型报警相应的报警馈送。报警门5910包括能与物理服务器上另一段代码(报警广播代码)互相作用的一段代码(报警接收代码),其中,在物理服务器上发生状态变化。通常,在发生特定状态变化时,安装在报警门5910上的报警接收代码命令安装在物理服务器上的报警广播代码向报警门5910发送报警馈送。在检测到报警馈送时,报警门5910与报警多路复用器5908联系,报警多路复用器5908又通知检测到的报警馈送的客户机系统505。
在图5的实施例中,IM主机联合体590也包括联接到数据库5914的订户概况服务器5912,数据库5914用于储存大量的订户概况数据。订户概况服务器5912用于输入、检索、编辑、操作或处理订户概况数据。在一个实施例中,订户的概况数据例如包括订户的伙伴清单、报警参数选择、指定的股票、标识出的兴趣以及地理位置。订户可用安装在客户机系统505上的IM客户应用软件输入、编辑和/或删除概况数据,与订户概况服务器5912相互作用。
由于订户数据储存在IM主机联合体590内,因此在订户用新的或不同的客户机系统505访问IM主机联合体590的情况下,订户不必再次输入或更新这些信息。相应地,当订户访问IM主机联合体590时,IM服务器5902指令订户概况服务器5912从数据库5914检索订户概况数据,并例如向IM服务器5902提供订户伙伴清单且向报警多路复用器5908提供订户的报警参数选择。订户概况服务器5912还与OSP主机联合体590内的其它服务器通信,以便与其它服务共享订户概况数据。可替换地,用户概况数据可本地储存在客户机系统505上。
参照图6,发送器602a、接受器602b和主机604根据流程600相互作用,以传输音频数据。流程600可用任何适当类型的硬件、软件、器件、计算机、计算机系统、设备、组件、程序、应用软件、代码、存储介质或传播信号实施。
图6中每个部件的实例在以上结合图1-5进行了粗略的描述。具体地,发送器602a和接受器602b的属性一般与结合客户机120、220、320、420和520和/或客户机控制器125、225、325、425和525所述的相似。主机604的属性一般与结合主机135、235、335、435和535和/或主机控制器140、240、340、440和540所述的相似。发送器602a、接受器602b和/或主机604可直接或间接地通过已知的或描述的传输网络互联。
发送器602a和接受器602b每一个都与订户有关。为了实现文件传输,每个订户设置一定的参数选择,用于允许文件传输给其它订户或从其它订户接收文件。例如,发送器和接受器识别订户的屏幕名称,所述订户允许向发送器和接受器发送文件或从它们检索文件。一般而言,每个订户被提供图形用户界面,此界面允许在各种传输参数中进行选择。订户的传输参数选择可本地保存在客户机上或远程地保存在主机604上。
通常,发送器602a和接受器602b在开放联接上,如在通过主机604建立的开放TCP联接上通信。一般而言,发送器602a和接受器602b每一个都包括用于建立与主机604的开放TCP联接的WinsockAPI以及用于访问主机604的客户机应用程序。发送器602a和接受器602b联接到主机604,以建立所述联接。
发送器602a和接受器602b使用所述联接与主机604通信并互相通信。所述联接在发送器602a和接受器602b访问主机604时保持开放。为了访问主机604,发送器602a和接受器602b每一个都发送单独的请求给主机604。所述请求使用唯一的屏幕名称向主机604和其它订户标识有关的订户。主机604对比储存在订户数据库中的数据来验证订户信息(如屏幕名称和密码)。如果订户信息被验证,主机604就批准访问。如果订户信息未被验证,主机604就拒绝访问并发送错误消息。
在访问主机604时,“伙伴清单”显示给订户。通常,订户的伙伴清单是列出某些屏幕名称的在线状态和性能的用户界面,所述屏幕名称即订户识别的“伙伴”。具体地,主机604通知发送器所识别的伙伴是否在线,即是否正在访问主机604。主机604还通知所有已将发送器识别为伙伴的订户:发送器当前在线。伙伴清单还有利于订户之间的即时消息通信。订户通过在伙伴清单上简单地点击伙伴的屏幕名称,启动对伙伴预先编址的即时消息用户界面。如果接受器不是“伙伴”,第一订户必须启动空白的即时消息用户界面,然后把即时消息定址为预定接受器的屏幕名称。在必要时,订户可用预定接受器的电子邮件地址查找预定接受器的屏幕名称。
除了与在线伙伴交换即时消息以外,发送器还可参与集体聊天室,确定其它具有相似兴趣的订户的位置,获得定制的新闻和股票价格,搜索环球网,并向其它订户传送和接收文件。在一个实施例中,发送器602a、接受器602b和主机604根据流程600相互作用,以传输音频数据。
音频数据的传输通过允许发送器602a和接受器602b经音频即麦克风和扬声器对等通信,扩展即时消息的功能。在一个实施例中,发送器通过指定一个或多个接受器接收即时消息(即文本消息)来启动流程600。如果预定接受器是发送器602a的“伙伴”,发送器602a在通过查看“伙伴清单”而发送视频消息之前,确认每个接受器的在线状态和性能。在订户撰写即时消息并点击SEND按钮之后,即时消息从发送器602a发送到主机(步骤605)。
在从发送器602a接收即时消息之后,主机704验证即时消息(步骤610)。除了正文以外,即时消息还包括识别消息类型、发送器和接受器的屏幕名称和/或IP地址、以及随机产生的安全码的头部信息。例如通过使用反向查找表来匹配屏幕名称和/或IP地址是否为有效订户的,来验证即时消息。在发送器602a或接受器602b与有效订户无关的情况下,主机604报告错误消息。
一旦即时消息被验证,主机604就判断接受器的性能(步骤615)。例如,主机604实时监视和更新所有联接订户的在线状态、客户软件版本和器件类型。接收音频数据的性能取决于硬件(如器件类型)、软件(如客户软件版本)、和/或传输参数选择(如冻结的屏幕名称)。为了实现谈话,必须有谈话软件和音频设备。然后,主机604向发送器报告接受器的性能(步骤620)。
在从主机604接收到报告时,发送器602a根据发送器和/或接受器602b的性能显示UI(步骤625)。如果发送器602a不能谈话,就显示标准即时消息用户界面。如果发送器602a能谈话但接受器602b不能谈话,就显示具有灰色START TALK按钮的START TALK UI。如果发送器602a和接受器602b都能谈话,就显示具有有效STARTTALK按钮的START TALK UI。
流程600继续进行,主机604向接受器602b发送即时消息(步骤630)。接受器602b从主机604接收初始文本消息(步骤635),并根据发送器602a和/或接受器602b的性能显示UI(步骤640)。如果接受器602b不能谈话,就显示标准即时消息UI。如果接受器602b能谈话但发送器602a不能谈话,就显示具有灰色START TALK按钮的即时消息UI。如果接受器602b和发送器602a都能谈话,就显示具有有效START TALK按钮的即时消息UI。
如果双方都能谈话,发送器602a和接受器602b就都显示STARTTALK UI。当显示START TALK UI时,订户可以启动交谈。在一个实施例中,发送器602a通过向主机604发送谈话请求而启动交谈(步骤645)。谈话请求包括但不局限于以下信息:消息类型、发送器和接受器的屏幕名称和/或IP地址、以及随机产生的安全码。当发送器602a点击START TALK UI时,START TALK UI转变为END TALKUI。
在接收谈话请求时,主机604验证来自发送器602a的谈话请求(步骤650)。主机604例如通过使用反向查找表来匹配屏幕名称和/或IP地址是否为有效订户的,来验证谈话请求。在发送器602a或接受器602b与有效订户无关的情况下,主机604报告错误消息。
在验证谈话请求之后,主机604发送谈话请求给接受器602b(步骤655)。在接收谈话请求时,接受器602b显示的START TALK UI转变为CONNECT UI(步骤660)。CONNECT UI通知接受器602b:发送器602a想参加交谈。此时,接受器602b可忽略谈话请求、接受谈话请求、或终止即时消息对话。
如果接受器602b通过点击CONNECT UI而接受谈话请求(步骤665),CONNECT UI就转变为END TALK UI并且主机604建立交谈(步骤670)。当交谈处于活动状态时,用户可互相交谈。此时,发送器602a和接受器602b都显示END TALK UI。交谈(步骤675a-b)保持活动状态,直到一个用户点击END TALK UI为止。在一个用户点击END TALK UI之后,发送器602a和接受器602b都将显示START TALK UI,允许任何一方启动另一次交谈。
如果发送器602a在接受器联接之前断开交谈,接受器602b上的CONNECT UI就转变回START TALK UI。如果两个用户同时点击START TALK UI,主机将忽略一个START TALK UI点击,从而一个用户将显示END TALK UI,而另一个用户将显示CONNECT UI。如果发送器在接受器602b接受初始文本消息之前点击START TALKUI,那么接受器602b不显示START TALK UI而是立即显示CONNECT UI。
在一个实施例中,谈话工具使用三个信道建立有效交谈,三个信道为:总信号界面(GSI)信道、控制信道和音频信道。谈话工具使用GSI信道建立初始联接。在此联接过程中,交换本地IP地址。在完成初始联接阶段之后,就不再使用GSI信道。通过使用GSI信道,本地IP地址的交换仅在两个用户都允许此种交换时,即都点击CONNECT UI时才进行。这些动作在未经用户同意时保护本地IP地址不被自动获得。
控制信道为TCP/IP接口,通过GSI信道可为控制信道获得远程方的IP地址和端口号。控制信道用于发送/接收交谈的控制属性,同时对话保持有效。例如由于一些防火墙不允许外部联接到防火墙内部的接口,因此,谈话工具试图从对话的两端进行联接。如果所述联接内的一个防火墙有最大值,此动作就允许进行联接。如果在双方都有防火墙,就不能进行联接并且交谈失败。为了在两个防火墙上工作,用户必须获得谈话所用的端口范围,从而可修改一个防火墙以允许此范围通过防火墙。
音频信道为用于传输音频数据包的TCP/IP接口。此信道可以是UDP或TCP。通常,由于UDP使等待时间最短,因此使用UDP。然而,因为一些防火墙不能通过UDP数据包,音频信道就必须使用TCP。谈话工具指出所用模式(即TCP、UDP),或使用音频模式,在音频模式中谈话工具试图进行UDP测试并在UDP失败时恢复TCP。
谈话工具以全双工或半双工工作。全双工为两个用户同时交谈。半双工为在一个时刻只有一个用户谈话。例如,如果CPU太慢而不能同时压缩/解压缩音频和/或麦克风和扬声器不能同时打开,就判断客户机不能处理全双工。如果客户机被标记为半双工,那么客户机所用的任何交谈就变为半双工对话,而与另一客户机是否能处理双工模式无关。在一个实施例中,END TALK UI上的TALK/LISTEN按钮支持半双工操作。此按钮具有两种状态:LISTEN或TALK。如果交谈为全双工,此按钮就不显示。如果在发送器702a和接受器702b上此按钮为TALK(初始半双工),第一个点击TALK的用户允许谈话而另一用户被迫收听。正在收听的用户具有变淡的TALK按钮(半双工收听)并且正在谈话的用户具有LISTEN按钮(谈话半双工)。当点击LISTEN按钮时,正在谈话的用户允许正在收听的用户谈话。
具有音频传输(谈话)功能的谈话工具可以是安装在客户机上的任何类型的客户机控制器(如软件、应用软件、程序)。谈话工具支持使用不同的OSP和IM客户机。谈话工具负责响应用户界面并把用户命令翻译成客户机的适当动作。例如,谈话工具在音频所需的客户机上打开、阅读、写和关闭物理组件。谈话工具还用回叫来控制音频和控制信道,其中,执行所述回叫以便指示状态变化。当装入谈话工具时,谈话工具判断客户机是否能处理全双工。
谈话工具还允许用户控制扬声器和麦克风的音量。在一个实施例中,用户对着麦克风讲话,音频数据记录到存储器中。同时在记录模式中,扬声器声音的平均电平在谈话工具用户界面上显示的电平计上指示。滑动控制器用于把输入电平调整为最佳值。在扬声器停止谈话之后,扬声器存储的谈话通过计算机的音频输出器件播放。扬声器电平滑动控制器用于把输出电平调整为可接受的量。如果用户开始再次谈话,谈话工具还原为记录模式并且重复循环。一旦用户对设置满意,用户就可储存所述设置,以便用于后续的交谈。
谈话工具支持辅助的功能,辅助功能包括但不限于:多方会议、保持和静音。多方会议允许多于两个的用户参加交谈。保持允许挂起正在进行中的交谈,以便联接另一个交谈。静音关闭麦克风以防止用户在全双工模式过程中反馈/发出回声。
谈话工具还包括安全特征,以保护传输数据的完整性。例如,谈话工具可用专利算法压缩数据或用专利协议发送数据。为了进一步提供安全性,谈话工具可在大范围内随机选择端口号。
通常,即时消息交谈与电话会议相似,在电话会议中具有三个状态:未联接(挂断)、正在联接(响铃)、和已联接(谈话)。如上所述,这些状态和状态间切换的能力由相应的UI支持,所述UI即为START TALK UI(未联接)、CONNECT UI(响铃)和END TALKUI(已联接)。
图7示出START TALK UI的一个实例。如图7所示,START UI700包括即时消息盒705,即时消息盒705包括用于请求交谈的STARTTALK按钮710。
图8示出CONNECT UI的一个实例。如图8所示,UI800包括即时消息盒805,即时消息盒805包括用于接受请求的CONNECT按钮810以启动交谈。
图9示出END TALK UI的一个实例。如图9所示,UI900包括即时消息盒905,即时消息盒905包括用于终止交谈的END TALK按钮910。
图10示出半双工用户界面的一个实例。如图10所示,UI1000包括具有TALK按钮1010的即时消息盒1005。在其它方谈话时,按钮1010变淡或者禁用。
其它实施例在以下权利要求的范围内。

Claims (26)

1. 一种通信方法,包括:
通过即时消息主机在发送器和至少一个接受器之间实现即时消息通信;以及
通过即时消息主机在发送器和接受器之间实现语音通信。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括在即时消息主机上接收和验证来自发送器的文本即时消息。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法,其中,验证文本即时消息包括识别与至少一个发送器和接受器有关的屏幕名称。
4.如权利要求2所述的方法,其中,验证文本即时消息包括识别与至少一个发送器和接受器有关的IP地址。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括在即时消息主机上判断接受器的性能。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其中,判断性能包括识别与接受器有关的硬件。
7.如权利要求5所述的方法,其中,判断性能包括识别与接受器有关的软件。
8.如权利要求5所述的方法,进一步向发送器报告接受器的性能。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,其中,发送器根据接受器的性能显示用户界面。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括在即时消息主机上接收建立语音通信的请求。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述请求来自发送器。
12.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述请求来自接受器。
13.如权利要求10所述的方法,进一步包括验证所述请求。
14.如权利要求11所述的方法,其中,验证所述请求包括识别与至少一个发送器和接受器有关的屏幕名称。
15.如权利要求11所述的方法,其中,验证所述请求包括识别与至少一个发送器和接受器有关的IP地址。
16.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,实现语音通信包括在发送器和接受器之间建立总信号界面信道、控制信道、以及音频信道。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法,进一步包括在音频信道上尝试模式UDP测试。
18.如权利要求16所述的方法,其中,控制信道包括TCP/IP接口。
19.如权利要求16所述的方法,其中,音频信道包括UDP信道。
20.如权利要求16所述的方法,其中,音频信道包括TCP信道。
21.一种包括即时消息主机的通信装置,即时消息主机按以下配置:
在发送器和至少一个接受器之间实现即时消息通信;以及
在发送器和接受器之间实现语音通信。
22.一种储存在计算机可读介质上的计算机程序,计算机程序包括的指令用于:
通过即时消息主机在发送器和至少一个接受器之间实现即时消息通信;以及
通过即时消息主机在发送器和接受器之间实现语音通信。
23.如权利要求22所述的计算机程序,其中,计算机可读介质是磁盘。
24.如权利要求22所述的计算机程序,其中,计算机可读介质是客户机。
25.如权利要求22所述的计算机程序,其中,计算机可读介质是主机。
26.如权利要求22所述的计算机程序,其中,计算机可读介质是传播信号。
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US20110320553A1 (en) 2011-12-29
US20020023131A1 (en) 2002-02-21
US20130073649A1 (en) 2013-03-21
CN100401733C (zh) 2008-07-09
EP1264469A2 (en) 2002-12-11
US8429231B2 (en) 2013-04-23
EP1264469B1 (en) 2008-01-16
CA2403520A1 (en) 2001-09-27
AU2001245826A1 (en) 2001-10-03
DE60132433T2 (de) 2008-12-24
WO2001072020A2 (en) 2001-09-27
US8041768B2 (en) 2011-10-18
US9356891B2 (en) 2016-05-31

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