CN1514992A - 自动背光和用于控制自动背光的方法 - Google Patents

自动背光和用于控制自动背光的方法 Download PDF

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CN1514992A
CN1514992A CNA038003635A CN03800363A CN1514992A CN 1514992 A CN1514992 A CN 1514992A CN A038003635 A CNA038003635 A CN A038003635A CN 03800363 A CN03800363 A CN 03800363A CN 1514992 A CN1514992 A CN 1514992A
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P·H·迪茨
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/22—Illumination; Arrangements for improving the visibility of characters on dials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3406—Control of illumination source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
    • G09G2360/14—Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors
    • G09G2360/144—Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors the light being ambient light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/04—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions
    • G09G3/06—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/12—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources using electroluminescent elements
    • G09G3/14—Semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2219/00—Legends
    • H01H2219/036—Light emitting elements
    • H01H2219/038—Light emitting elements ambient light dependent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0261—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
    • H04W52/0267—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level by controlling user interface components
    • H04W52/027—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level by controlling user interface components by controlling a display operation or backlight unit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

自动背光仅在黑暗照明条件下在用户击键之前打开。电容性近程传感器检测装置的有效操作并且背光本身用作光传感器。该电路只需要单个附加电容器和三个自由I/O引脚在典型的基于微处理器的系统(如遥控器)上实现。由于系统采用当前的背光LED作为传感器，装置常常可经过升级而包含此特征，不用改变现有封装。

Description

自动背光和用于控制自动背光的方法
技术领域
本发明一般涉及发光二极管，更具体地说，涉及采用发光二极管既作为光传感器又作为光发射器。
背景技术
遥控器、个人数字助理(PDA)、寻呼机、蜂窝电话以及其它手持装置往往包括用于显示器、按键和控制按钮的背光，以便可在黑暗的环境中使用该装置。一般来说，用户必须按下按钮、打开盖子或者采取一些其它类型的动作来打开背光。但是，在黑暗中可能难以找到背光启动机构的位置。在无源显示板中也广泛地使用背光，这些显示板处于各种各样等级的环境光下，例如车辆和平面仪表面板。
一些常规机构通过任何用户动作都可打开背光。这提供了多种方式来激活背光，但是用户必须小心，以免在黑暗中错误地碰到不想用的功能键。更糟糕的是，这种机构甚至在不需要背光的明亮环境中也打开背光。由于电池使用寿命对于手持装置是至关重要的，所以一些设计者增加了光传感器来防止在明亮光照条件下启动背光，但是这增加了复杂性和成本。
另一先有技术机构采用加速计、电容性接触传感器以及红外近程传感器的组合来确定移动电话的操作状态，以便打开背光，参见Hinckley等人的“趋向于更敏感的移动电话”(Proceeding of ACM UIST，2001)。这些部件不仅昂贵，而且还耗费了大量电力，需要对装置机壳的设计进行大量的加工更改。较简单的机构采用简单的电容性近程传感器，如2001年5月24日由Dietz等人提交的题为“用于电话手持机的实时缓冲”、序列号为09/864812的美国专利申请中所述，但是其中稍经修改以检测运动而不是仅仅超过阈值。
发明公开
与传统系统不同，自动背光在用户击键之前、但仅在黑暗光照条件下打开。它成本低并且用电很少。电容性近程传感器检测装置的有效操作，并且背光本身还用作光传感器。电路仅需要单个附加的电容器和典型的基于微处理器的系统(如遥控器)的三个I/O引脚。因为系统还使用背光LED作为传感器，所以装置常常可经过升级以包括此特征，不需要改变现有的封装。
附图简介
图1是电容测量电路的原理图；
图2是先有技术的光发射器电路的原理图；
图3是根据本发明的LED发射器/检测器电路的原理图；
图4a-c表示分别在发光、反向偏置和放电模式下工作的图3的电路。
图5是根据本发明控制自动背光的过程的流程图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
电容测量电路
图1表示本发明采用的基本电容测量电路100。该电路使用标准微处理器(例如Microchip Technology Inc.的PIC16C系列微芯片)的两个标准数字I/O引脚101-102加上积分电容器CI103，用于测量与操作包含电路100的装置的用户105的电容耦合C用户104。
测量过程
为了进行测量，引脚I/O1和I/O2101-102最初设置成输出低电平，让电容器放电。接着，CI103被设置成输入，C用户104被设置成输出高电平。这让C用户充电到电源电压。然后，I/O1101设置成输入，I/O2102设置成输出低电平。这使CI101和C用户104分享电荷。如果CI＞C用户+，则这使CI103上的电荷有少量增加。重复让C用户充电并与CI分享的这种循环将缓慢地使CI101充电，步长按指数规律减小并且与C用户/CI成比例。当C用户充电时，I/O2是输入，并且可用来确定CI上的电荷水平何时使输入超过输入阈值T。通过计算需要多少充电-分享循环才会超过输入阈值T，获得对电容耦合C用户的高分辨率的测量。
给定这种基本电容测量电路100，现在甚至在带有少量噪声和缓慢的元件漂移时，也可能以健壮的方式检测电容变化。在每次测量后，与先前测量结果的绝对差经由单极点滤波器进行低通滤波，检查这种滤波器的输出，以查看它是否超过阈值T。
通过在印刷电路板上设置检测电极以形成随操作而改变的C用户电容，以及使用上述电路和过程，构造出敏感操作传感器。为了节省电力，让微处理器在大多数时间处于睡眠模式，定期唤醒以执行这种快速测量来确定操作状态。对于典型的遥控器微处理器，这种操作耗费几微瓦的电力，因而适合于连续操作取样。这个过程稍后会参照图5更详细地描述。
光的检测
用于装置的自动背光的另一种检测技术是使用光传感器。可以使用硫化镉(CdS)光敏元件或者一些其它独立的光检测器。但是，独立的检测器通常需要修改装置的外壳以及以不会被普通操作遮挡的方式引导光到达传感器的机构。
反而有可能采用背光LED本身作为光传感器。这只要求使用微处理器上的另外的I/O引脚，而不需要其它额外元件。作为一个优势，背光LED已经理想地光耦合到器件中要照明的区域。
LED是光电二极管，众所周知LED能够用作检测器，参见“Silicormections：Coming of Age in the Electronic Era”(ForrestMimms，1985)。但是，由于未知的原因，在先有技术的装置中很少开发用LED作为光检测器的这种能力。在先有技术中，LED几乎普遍仅用作光发射器。可能问题在于，缺少能够在发光和检测之间容易地切换的简单电路。
图2表示典型的先有技术的LED发射器电路200。微处理器控制器200的I/O引脚201用于通过LED 202与电阻203来吸收电流，从而限制电流。
图3表示根据本发明的LED发射器/检测器电路。这里，LED 302和电阻303以串联方式连接在微处理器300的两个I/O引脚301之间。现在LED/电阻电路的两端都由微处理器来驱动。
图4a-c说明这种电路如何分别在“发光”、“反向偏置”和“放电”这三种模式中工作。在发光模式中，LED以传统方式工作并且发光。在反向偏置模式中，把常规的发光极性切换到使二极管结反向偏置。通过把一端释放到放电模式，即把该端设置成输入，可以让光产生的光电流以与接收光量成比例的速率对结放电。可以如上所述测量电容性放电。在某个点，输入引脚上的电压超过输入阈值T。通过对此发生的时间计时，可以进行光级的高分辨率测量。
根据本发明的电路不需要附加的元件，在检测期间只耗费极少量电力。通过在发光和检测模式之间快速切换，即使按照周期性间隔把LED短暂地切换到检测模式，LED可以看上去象是连续地发光。
自动背光
如图5所示，图4的光传感器电路可单独使用或者与图1的操作传感器电路组合使用，从而构成用于手持装置的自动背光。
基本过程重复对操作传感器抽样510。如果检测到操作，则对光传感器抽样520。如果检测的环境光的等级低于预定阈值，则相应地调整背光的等级。在简单情况下，或者开灯或者关灯。或者，所发出的背光的等级是测量的环境光等级的某个函数。如果在预定的时间间隔内未操作装置，则关掉背光并且返回到常规的抽样状态。
此过程具有令人感兴趣的优点。如果装置未被有效地操作，则与用户的电容耦合未充电，背光自动关掉。这在用户仅仅手持该装置的情况下是有用的，例如该装置是遥控器，而且在稳定状态中，用户手拿遥控器在看电视。只要用户不相对于遥控器移动其手，则检测不到“操作”，背光关掉。只有在环境光低于预定阈值时，用户一移动来使用遥控器，背光就会再次打开。
装运
对于装运该装置，可能出现这样的情况：装置常常与导电包装材料碰撞。这可能激活背光。因此，专门查看这种扩大范围的“操作”情况并且有目的地提高操作时间间隔阈值对于保持电池使用寿命是有用的。
备用
应当指出，操作传感器和光传感器还可用于其它目的。在遥控器的情况中，操作传感器可用来立即发送“备用”信号给受控装置，使受控装置能够为用户发出的请求作准备。例如，投影电视和一些其它类型的设备具有相当长的预热时间。预期用户有可能打开电源，可以允许这些设备抢先开始启动过程，由此从用户的角度来看，减少了设备启动时间。
光传感器还可用来测量环境光的相对量，并且自动调整背光的亮度级以匹配环境光的等级。
虽然已经通过最佳实施例的各示例描述了本发明，但是应当理解，在本发明的精神和范围之内可以进行各种其它的调整和修改。因此，所附权利要求书的目的在于，涵盖在本发明的真实精神和范围之内的所有这种变更和修改。

Claims (7)

1.一种自动背光，它包括：
以串联方式与电阻相连的LED；
微处理器，具有连接到所述LED的第一I/O引脚和连接到所述电阻的第二I/O引脚；
用于以正向偏置周期性地驱动所述LED发光的装置；
用于以反向偏置周期性地驱动所述LED的装置；
用于在以反向偏置驱动所述LED之后使所述LED放电、以便测量环境光的等级的装置；以及
用于根据所测量的环境光的等级来调整所述发出的光的等级的装置。
2.如权利要求1所述的自动背光，其特征在于，所述发出的光的等级是打开或关掉。
3.如权利要求1所述的自动背光，其特征在于还包括：
用于测量与用户的电容耦合，并且仅当存在与所述用户的电容耦合时才驱动所述LED。
4.如权利要求1所述的自动背光，其特征在于还包括：
用于测量与用户的电容耦合的装置。
5.如权利要求4所述的自动背光，其特征在于，所述LED仅在与所述用户的所述电容耦合超过预定阈值时才被驱动。
6.如权利要求4所述的自动背光，其特征在于，当与所述用户的所述电容耦合超过阈值时向受控装置发送备用信号。
7.一种用于控制自动背光的方法，它包括：
把LED以串联方式与电阻相连；
把微处理器的第一I/O引脚连接到所述LED，第二I/O引脚连接到所述电阻；
以正向偏置周期性地驱动所述LED发光；
以反向偏置周期性地驱动所述LED；
在以反向偏置驱动所述LED之后使所述LED放电、以便测量环境光的等级；以及
根据所测量的环境光的等级来调整所述发出的光的等级。
CNA038003635A 2002-04-03 2003-03-28 自动背光和用于控制自动背光的方法 Pending CN1514992A (zh)

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US10/115,299 US6664744B2 (en) 2002-04-03 2002-04-03 Automatic backlight for handheld devices
US10/115,299 2002-04-03

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US7393128B2 (en) 2005-05-23 2008-07-01 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Planar light source device and display device using the same
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