CN1610286A - Equipment structure and operating method for control processing unit in optical network - Google Patents

Equipment structure and operating method for control processing unit in optical network Download PDF

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CN1610286A
CN1610286A CNA2003101233301A CN200310123330A CN1610286A CN 1610286 A CN1610286 A CN 1610286A CN A2003101233301 A CNA2003101233301 A CN A2003101233301A CN 200310123330 A CN200310123330 A CN 200310123330A CN 1610286 A CN1610286 A CN 1610286A
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burst
data burst
contention
control
wavelength
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CN1610286B (en
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S·奥瓦迪亚
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Intel Corp
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Intel Corp
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Abstract

The present invention discloses the method and equipment for controlling data burst selection route in WDM photon burst exchange network. In one embodiment, only control burst and network management label perform photo-electronic-photo conversion inside photon burst switching (PBS) module. The controlling and processing unit inside PBS module may include I/O buffer, control burst analyzer, burst despatcher, PBS configuration and control block, contention solving block, transmission engine, network management controller, control burst creater and queue manager. The contention solving block is used in solving resource contention among data bursts through the following modes: adding additional delay to one of the data bursts, changing one of the data bursts to a substitution wavelength, or discarding some data bursts according to various criterions of, say, relative priority and wavelength.

Description

The device structure of the controlled processing unit in the optical-fiber network and method of operation
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to optical network system, more specifically relate to the optical network system of operating with the photonic burst switch mode.
Background technology
The transmission bandwidth demand of communication network (for example, the internet) constantly increases, thereby needs to seek the solution of supporting this bandwidth demand.A solution of this problem is to use fiber optic network, uses the next ever-increasing demand of supporting in optical-fiber network for higher data rate of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology in this fiber optic network.
The common use of traditional optical switching network need be in the wavelength Route Selection technology of the light-electrical-optical (OEO) of the enterprising traveling optical signal of optical switch conversion.Very slow (being about 10 milliseconds usually) not only operated in OEO conversion in the optical-fiber network on each switching node, and cost is very high, and produces the traffic carrying capacity bottleneck of optical switching network probably.In addition, current light switching technology can not be supported in " burst " traffic carrying capacity that packet communication is used frequent experience in (for example, internet) effectively.
Big access network can utilize some access sub-networks to realize.For example, support the big access network of internet service can be divided into the less access network of operating by Internet service provider (ISP) in a large number, these less access networks are connected to a plurality of smooth metropolitan area networks (light MAN), and light MAN is connected to bigger light " main line " wide area network (WAN) again.Although Local Area Network may have lower bandwidth, light MAN and WAN need high bandwidth usually, so that the grade of service of their high-end user demand is provided.
Description of drawings
Illustrate the present invention by way of example rather than ways to restrain in subsidiary accompanying drawing, wherein similarly Reference numeral is represented similar elements.
Fig. 1 is the simplified block diagram that illustrates the photonic burst switching network according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the simplified flow chart that illustrates the operation of photonic burst switching network according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram that illustrates the core switching node module that is used for the photonic burst switching network according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B are the schematic diagrames that illustrates the form of the light data burst that is used for the photonic burst switching network and photocontrol burst according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart that illustrates the operation of core switching node module according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that illustrates the supply of time domain multiplexer channel according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that illustrates the supply of multi-wavelength time domain multiplexer channel according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the block diagram that illustrates the core switching node module of supporting common multi-protocols control burst-switched (GMPLS) according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the block diagram that illustrates the core switching node module with tunable wavelength conversion according to one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the block diagram of a part that illustrates the core switching node module with light buffer of Fig. 9 according to one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11 is the flow chart of operation that illustrates the core switching node module of Figure 10 according to one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 12 is the block diagram that illustrates the core switching node module with adjustable delay light buffer according to one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 13 is the flow chart that illustrates the core switching node module operation of Figure 12 according to one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 14 is a simplified block diagram of controlling the structure of burst processing unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 15 is the simplified block diagram of some part of edge router according to an embodiment of the invention, has shown various functional parts such as traffic shaping device (traffic shaper) and a plurality of formation;
Figure 16 is the flow chart of operation that illustrates the control burst processing unit of Figure 14 according to one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Following discloses have illustrated the technology of selecting route in the photonic burst switching network for data burst.In the following description, enumerated a large amount of details,, understood more fully of the present invention so that provide as logic enforcement, software module allocation, signaling bus technology and details of operation.Yet those skilled in the art will appreciate that does not have these details can realize the present invention yet.In other examples, specifically do not show control structure, gate level circuit and full software instruction sequences, so that do not make the present invention fuzzy.Use the description that is comprised, those skilled in the art need not too much to test just can realize appropriate functional.The present invention is open with the example, in hardware in the microprocessor system.Yet the present invention also can adopt other processor forms such as digital signal processor, minicom or mainframe computer to implement.
Fig. 1 illustrates photonic burst switching network 10 according to an embodiment of the invention.The term photonic burst is used to refer to the grouping (for example, Internet Protocol (IP) grouping) of the statistical multiplexing with similar Route Selection demand here.Photonic burst generally includes: contain header and ' the photon control burst of other routing informations of grouping and contain the Payload of the data segment of grouping.
This embodiment of photonic burst switching network 10 comprises: light MAN11, Local Area Network 13 1-13 N, main line light WAN (not shown).In addition, this embodiment of light MAN11 comprises: inlet switching node 15 1-15 M, core switching node 17 1-17 L, the outlet switching node 18.Light MAN11 can comprise other inlet and the core switching node (not shown) with switching node interconnection shown in Figure 1.In this embodiment, inlet, outlet and core switching node adopt intelligent object to realize.
In this embodiment, the switching node 15 that will enter the mouth 1-15 MBe embodied as the LSR (LSR) with suitable UFIU UMSC Fiber Interface Unit or module, wherein each UFIU UMSC Fiber Interface Unit or module are configured to receive IP grouping (receiving via LSR (LSR) in certain embodiments) and from the core switching node 17 of light MAN11 from LAN 1-17 MReceiving optical signals.In addition, inlet switching node 15 1-15 MBe configured to core switching node 17 to light MAN11 1-17 MThe emission light signal.In one embodiment, the inlet switching node is carried out photoelectricity (OE) conversion of the light signal that is received, and comprises that being used to cushion the signal that is received is sent to the electronic memory of suitable LAN until them.In another embodiment, the inlet switching node sends to the core switching node 17 of light MAN11 at the signal of telecommunication that will be received 1-17 LThey are carried out electric light (EO) conversion before.Further specify the embodiment of inlet switching node below.
Outlet switching node 18 adopts light crosspoint or module to realize, and is configured to route to light WAN from other node receiving optical signals of light MAN11 and with its selection.Outlet switching node 18 can also and send it to the suitable node of light MAN11 from light WAN receiving optical signals.In one embodiment, 18 pairs of light signals that received of outlet switching node are carried out the OEO conversion, and comprise that being used to cushion the signal that is received is sent to the electronic memory of the suitable node of light MAN11 (or light WAN) until them.Further specify the embodiment of outlet switching node 18 below.
Core switching node 17 1-17 LAdopt light crosspoint or module to implement, each light crosspoint or module are configured to from other switching node receiving optical signals, and suitably the light signal that is received are selected to route to other switching nodes of light MAN11.As described below, the core switching node is carried out the OEO conversion of photocontrol burst and network management control label signal.In certain embodiments, these photocontrol bursts and control label are only propagated on preselected wavelength.In this embodiment, even described burst and network management control label may comprise the necessary information that is used for one group of specific light data burst, also not propagates light " data " burst of preselected wavelength (opposite with the control label) with the control burst.In another embodiment, photocontrol burst, network management control label and light data burst signals use different encoding schemes (as different modulating form etc.) to propagate on identical wavelength.In any scheme, photocontrol burst and control label and its pairing smooth data burst signals asynchronous transmission.In another embodiment, the photocontrol burst is propagated with different transmission rates as the light data-signal with control signal.
Although core switching node 17 1-17 LCan carry out the OEO conversion of optical control signal, but in this embodiment, the core switching node is not carried out the OEO conversion of light data burst signals.On the contrary, the core switching node 17 1-17 LOnly carry out the light exchange of light data burst signals.Therefore, the core switching node can comprise the electronic circuit that is used to store and handle the photocontrol burst of input and is converted into the network management control label of electronic form, and use this information to dispose photonic burst exchange (PBS) setting, and can correctly be to select route corresponding to the light data burst signals of photocontrol burst.The new routing information of new control burst basis substitutes the control burst of front, and this new control burst is converted into optical control signal, and is launched into next core or exports switching node.Further specify the embodiment of core switching node below.
The element of exemplary photon burst exchange network 10 interconnects in the following manner.LAN13 1-13 NBe connected to the inlet switching node 15 of light MAN11 1-15 MIn a respective nodes.
Among light MAN11, inlet switching node 15 1-15 MBe connected to core switching node 17 with outlet switching node 18 via optical fiber 1-17 LIn some nodes.In net structure, core switching node 17 1-17 LAlso interconnect each other, so that entering the mouth between the switching node and inlet switching node 15 via optical fiber 1-15 LAnd form relatively large light path or link between the outlet switching node 18.Ideally, the core switching node 17 1-17 LBetween each end points (that is, inlet switching node and outlet switching node 18 are the end points within the light MAN11) of light MAN11, provide more than one light path.Route and protection exchange have been realized when one or more nodes break down, reselecting apace at many light paths between core switching node, Ingress node and the Egress node.
As described below in conjunction with Fig. 2, the inlet of light MAN 11, outlet and core switching node are configured to send and/or receive photocontrol burst, light data burst and other control signals, these bursts and signal by wavelength multiplexing so that on preselected wavelength, propagate the photocontrol burst and control label, and on different preselected wavelength propagates light data burst or Payload.In addition, the light data burst can be by time division multiplexing (TDM) on given wavelength.In addition, when data were sent bright dipping MAN11, the end point of light MAN11 can send the photocontrol burst.
Fig. 2 illustrates the operating process of photonic burst switching network 10 according to one embodiment of the invention.Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, photonic burst switching network 10 carries out following operation.
Light MAN 11 receives from LAN13 1-13 NGrouping.In one embodiment, light MAN 11 is at inlet switching node 15 1-15 MReceive the IP grouping.The grouping that is received can be electronic form rather than light form, perhaps receives with the light form and converts electronic form then to.In this embodiment, inlet switching node electricity is stored the grouping that is received.Frame 20 is represented this operation.
For the sake of clarity, the remaining explanation of the operating process of photonic burst switching network 10 concentrates on from inlet switching node 15 1Information transfer connection to outlet switching node 18.From inlet switching node 15 2-15 MInformation transmit substantially the same.
Photocontrol burst and Payload (that is light data burst) are to be made of the grouping that is received.In one embodiment, inlet switching node 15 1Use statical multiplexing from received ' (Internet protocol) grouping constitutes the light data burst, wherein the IP that is received (Internet protocol) grouping is stored in inlet switching node 15 1In.For example, by inlet switching node 15 1Receive and to the path of destination, must can be assembled into a smooth data burst through the grouping that exports switching node 18 at it.Frame 21 is represented this operation.
Bandwidth is reserved, to transmit the light data burst by photonic burst switching network 10.In one embodiment, inlet switching node 15 1In light data signal path, reserve time slot (for example, the TDM channel of TDM system) by photonic burst switching network 10.In addition, in one embodiment, reserve time period of described bandwidth, this time period is enough to described light burst is delivered to described outlet switching node from described inlet switching node.For example, in certain embodiments, inlet, core and outlet switching node keep the renewal tabulation of all used and available time slots.Can on a plurality of wavelength and optical fiber, distribute and the described time slot that distributes.Thereby, the time slot of being reserved (also is referred to as the TDM channel here, can be fixing-duration (duration) or variable duration TDM channel in different embodiment) can on a wavelength of an optical fiber, perhaps can expand on multi-wavelength and the many optical fiber.Frame 22 is represented this operation.
When inlet and/or outlet switching node bandwidth reserved, perhaps when discharging bandwidth after the light data burst is transmitted, the network controller (not shown) upgrades this tabulation.In one embodiment, network controller and inlet or outlet switching node use various bursts or packet scheduling algorithm to carry out this renewal processing according to available network resource and business model.Sent on the wavelength identical by the available variable duration TDM channel of periodic broadcasting, perhaps on the different public preselected wavelength of overall optical network, send with the photocontrol burst to all inlets, core and outlet switching node.The network controller function can reside on one of entrance and exit switching node, perhaps can be distributed on two or more entrance and exit switching nodes.In this embodiment, network controller also resides in the core switching node (for example, the processor 82 or 83 of Fig. 8).
In the variable duration TDM channel of reserving, transmit photocontrol burst, network management control label and light data burst then by photonic burst switching network 10.Just, the time slot of each reservation can have the different time persistence length that depends on data burst length.In one embodiment, inlet switching node 15 1Sign switching path (OLSP) to next switching node emission control burst along the cursor of determining by network controller.In this embodiment, network controller uses Constraint-based Routing to select agreement (for example, multiprotocol label switching MPLS) to determine to arrive the best available OLSP of outlet switching node on one or more wavelength.In one embodiment, inlet switching node 15 1Subsequently via core switching node 17 1-17 LLaunch the light data burst asynchronously to the destination Egress node, a small amount of time delay that causes because of buffering or OEO conversion wherein on each core switching node, occurs or time delay does not take place.
In certain embodiments, the core switching node can be carried out the OEO conversion of photocontrol burst, is contained in the routing information of controlling in the burst so that this node can extract with pack processing.In addition, in certain embodiments, at the identical wavelength propagation variable duration TDM channel that is used for propagating the control burst.As an alternative, can on the same wavelength of same optical fiber, use different modulation formats to modulate control burst and Payload.For example, the photocontrol burst can use non-return-to-zero (NRZ) modulation format to launch, and the light Payload uses (RZ) modulation format that makes zero to launch.The core switching node of photonic burst from same light MAN is transmitted into another core switching node, until stopping photonic burst at outlet switching node 18.Frame 23 is represented this operation.
The operating process here depends on that objective network is light WAN or LAN.Frame 24 is represented this branch in the operating process.
If objective network is light WAN, then form new photocontrol burst and Payload signal.In this embodiment, outlet switching node 18 is prepared new photocontrol burst and Payload signal.Frame 25 is represented this operation.
Subsequently to new photocontrol burst and the Payload of objective network (being WAN promptly) emission in this situation.In this embodiment, outlet switching node 18 comprises the optical interface to light WAN emission photocontrol burst and Payload.Frame 26 is represented this operation.
Yet,, decompose the light data burst to extract the IP grouping if the objective network in frame 24 is LAN.In this embodiment, outlet switching node 18 converts the light data burst to the signal of telecommunication, and this signal of telecommunication can be handled to be used to recover the data segment of each grouping by outlet switching node 18.Frame 27 is represented this operation.
The IP packet of extracting is carried out the combination processing with corresponding IP label, and selection routes to objective network (that is LAN in the case) then.In this embodiment, outlet switching node 18 constitutes these new IP groupings.Frame 28 is represented this operation.(that is, LAN) the new IP grouping of emission is shown in frame 26 to objective network then.
Photonic burst switching network 10 can be provided by the extra flexibility that is provided by the TDM channel by the bandwidth efficiency that increases.Although this above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment comprises that one has the light MAN that a plurality of LAN is connected to inlet, core and the outlet switching node of light WAN main line, in other embodiments, described network is LAN, light MAN or WAN main line not necessarily.Just, light MAN 11 does not need to serve one " metropolitan area ".But photonic burst switching network 10 can comprise a large amount of relatively little networks, and they are connected to a big relatively network, and this big relatively network is connected to an arterial grid.
Fig. 3 illustrates module 17 as the core switching node in the photonic burst switching network 10 (Fig. 1) according to one embodiment of the invention.In this embodiment, module 17 comprises that one group of light wave divides demultiplexer 30 1-30 A, wherein the A representative is used for propagating to this module the quantity of the input optical fibre of Payload, control burst and other Internet resources.For example, though input optical fibre can carry the wavelength of varying number in other embodiments, in this embodiment, each input optical fibre can carry one group of C wavelength (that is WDM wavelength).Module 17 also comprises one group of N * N photonic burst switch 32 1-32 B, wherein N is the quantity of the input/output end port of each photonic burst switch.Therefore, in this embodiment, the maximum quantity of the wavelength on each photonic burst switch is AC, wherein N 〉=AC+1.For the embodiment of N, can use extra input/output end port to return the light signal that is used to cushion greater than AC.
In addition, although photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BBe shown as the unit of separation, but also can utilize any suitable switch architecture to be implemented as N * N photonic burst switch.Module 17 also comprises: one group of light wave division multiplexing device 34 1-34 A, one group of photoelectric signal converter 36 (for example, photodetector), a control interface unit 37 and one group of electro-optical signal converter 38 (for example, laser).
The element of this embodiment of module 17 interconnects in the following manner.Optical demultiplexer 30 1-30 ABe connected to one group of A input optical fibre, this input optical fibre is propagated the input optical signal (Figure 10) from other switching nodes of photonic burst switching network 10.The output lead of optical demultiplexer is connected to one group of B core light switch 32 1-32 BAnd optical signal converter 36.For example, optical demultiplexer 30 1Has the photonic burst of being connected to switch 32 1-32 BB output lead (that is optical demultiplexer 30, of input lead 1Output lead be connected to an input lead of each photonic burst switch), and at least one output lead is connected to optical signal converter 36.
Photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BOutput lead be connected to optical multiplexer 34 1-34 AFor example, the photonic burst switch 32 1Have the A output lead, it is connected to optical multiplexer 34 1-34 AInput lead (that is, the photonic burst switch 32 1An output lead be connected to an input lead of each optical multiplexer).Each optical multiplexer also has an input lead, and it is connected to an output lead of electro-optical signal converter 38.Control unit 37 has an input lead or port, and it is connected to the output lead or the port of photoelectric signal converter 36.The output lead of control unit 37 is connected to photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BControl lead-in wire with electro-optical signal converter 38.Described as following flow chart in conjunction with Fig. 5, module 17 is used for receiving and emission photocontrol burst, light data burst and network management control label.In one embodiment, light data burst and photocontrol burst has the transformat shown in Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B.
Fig. 4 A illustrates the form of the light data burst that uses for photonic burst switching network 10 (Fig. 1) according to one embodiment of the invention.In this embodiment, each light data burst has: initial guard band 40, an IP Payload data segment 41, an IP preamble segment 42, one Payload sync sections 43 (normally a small amount of bit) and end guard band 44, and shown in Fig. 4 A.IP Payload data segment 41 comprises the statistical multiplexing IP packet that is used for forming burst.Although Fig. 4 A shows continuous Payload, module 17 is with TDM form emission Payload.In addition, in certain embodiments, data burst can segmentation on the TDM of a plurality of variable duration channel.Should be pointed out that in this embodiment light data burst and photocontrol burst only have local importance on light MAN, will lose their importance on light WAN.
Fig. 4 B illustrates the form of the photocontrol burst of using for photonic burst switching network 10 (Fig. 1) according to one embodiment of the invention.In this embodiment, each photocontrol burst has: initial guard band 46, one IP label data sections 47, one label sync sections 48 (normally a small amount of bit) and finish guard band 49, shown in Fig. 4 B.In this embodiment, label data section 45 comprises the institute's Route Selection that is necessary and the timing information of the IP grouping that forms photonic burst.Although Fig. 4 B shows the successive control burst, in this embodiment, module 17 happens suddenly according to the emission control of TDM scheme.
In certain embodiments, optical network management control label (not shown) also is used for photonic burst switching network 10 (Fig. 1).In such an embodiment, each optical network management control label comprises: one is similar to the initial guard band of initial guard band 46; One is similar to the network management data section of data segment 47; One is similar to the network management sync section (normally a small amount of bit) of label sync section 48; With the end guard band that is similar to end guard band 44.In this embodiment, the network management data section comprises and is used for the required network management information of coordination network transmission.In certain embodiments, optical network management control label sends according to the TDM scheme.
Fig. 5 illustrates the operating process of module 17 (Fig. 3) according to one embodiment of the invention.Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, module 17 operations are as follows:
Module 17 receives the light signal with TDM control burst and data-signal.In this embodiment, module 17 receives photocontrol burst and light data burst signals on one or two optical demultiplexer.For example, can be by optical demultiplexer 30 AModulation photocontrol burst on first wavelength of the light signal that receives simultaneously can be by optical demultiplexer 30 ALight modulated data burst signals on second wavelength of the light signal that receives.In certain embodiments, first optical demultiplexer can receive the photocontrol burst, and second optical demultiplexer receives the light data burst signals.In addition, in some cases, only received the network management control label.Frame 51 is represented this operation.
Module 17 converts the photocontrol burst to the signal of telecommunication.In this embodiment, the control burst is the photocontrol burst, and optical demultiplexer is separated it from the light signal that is received, and sends to photoelectric signal converter 36.In other embodiments, the photocontrol burst can be network management label (as in conjunction with explanation before Fig. 4 B).Photoelectric signal converter 36 converts the photocontrol burst to the signal of telecommunication.For example, in one embodiment, each part of TDM control burst is converted into the signal of telecommunication.The electric control burst that is received by control unit 37 forms new control burst through handling.In this embodiment, control unit 37 storages and processing controls burst.Frame 53 is represented this operation.
Module 17 selects to route to optical multiplexer 34 according to the routing information that comprises in the control burst with the light data burst signals then 1-34 AOne of.In this embodiment, control unit 37 processing controls bursts extracting Route Selection and timing information, and sends to one group of B photonic burst switch 32 with suitable PBS configuration signal 1-32 B,, exchange corresponding Payload signal to reconfigure each core switch.Frame 55 is represented this operation.
The electric control burst that module 17 will have been handled subsequently converts new photocontrol burst to.In this embodiment, control unit 37 provides TDM channel alignment, so that generate again photocontrol burst conversion or new in the wavelength of hope and TDM channelling mode.New control burst can be modulated on wavelength and/or TDM channel, and this wavelength and/or TDM channel are different from described wavelength and the TDM channel of the control burst that receives in frame 51.Frame 57 is represented this operation.
Module 17 sends to light signal next switching node in this path subsequently.In this embodiment, electro-optical signal maker 38 sends to optical multiplexer 34 with new photocontrol burst 1-34 ASuitable optical multiplexer to realize this route.Frame 59 is represented this operation.
Fig. 6 illustrates the supply of variable duration TDM channel according to one embodiment of the invention.In this embodiment, control wavelength X via selected output optical fibre one according to the routing information that comprises in the photocontrol burst C1The Broadcast Control system of uploading burst, and in a data wavelength X D1The last light data burst signals of propagating correspondence.In certain embodiments, emission photocontrol burst before the light data burst signals, the time that shifts to an earlier date is enough to allow the one or more nodes on the light path before the selection route described control burst being handled on first switching node at described data burst signals.Can be called shift time this pre-set time in the following description.In this way, Switching Module can dispose their photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BWith minimum delay Data transmission burst.As shown in Figure 6, in this example, the control burst is in the control wavelength X C1On E part in the TDM of emission.Although do not illustrate, other photocontrol bursts also can be in wavelength X C1Difference continue to carry out on the time slot TDM emission.Light data burst signals in this example is in the data wavelength X D1F part in the TDM of emission.Each F part of light data burst signals can have the different duration, and this depends on the bandwidth of how to distribute reservation.Stream or sequence that the light data burst of emission can be arranged in the distribution of TDM channel in certain embodiments.
When being received by module (for example module 17 of Fig. 3), photocontrol burst experience OE conversion is so that described control burst can be processed to extract control burst information (for example, Route Selection and timing information).The control burst experience EO conversion of having handled is launched from described module via output optical fibre then, and described output optical fibre is to select according to the routing information that extracts from the control burst that is received.In this embodiment, the photocontrol burst can be in the control of the difference shown in Fig. 6 example wavelength (for example, wavelength X C2) go up and launch.In other examples, described module can be launched new control burst on the control wavelength identical with receiving described control burst.
When being received by module, light Payload signal does not carry out the OEO conversion.On the contrary, the photonic burst Switching Module exchanges light Payload signal in suitable variable duration TDM channel, and according to the new routing information that comprises in the new control burst Payload signal is selected to route to next switching node.Variable duration TDM channel is positioned at the identical data wavelength (wavelength X shown in Fig. 6 example D1) on, but wavelength is by being propagated by the selected optical fiber of photonic burst switch of module.In certain embodiments, the photonic burst Switching Module can use fibre delay line to change available TDM channel.
Fig. 7 illustrates the supply of multi-wavelength variable duration TDM channel according to one embodiment of the invention.In this embodiment, the control burst is in the control wavelength X C1And λ C2The TDM of last propagation.After the OE conversion, newly controlling burst can be the TDM that propagates on different wave length and/or TDM channel.As shown in Figure 7, some TDM part of control burst is in wavelength X C1The TDM channel in propagate, and other parts are in wavelength X C3The TDM channel in propagate.In other embodiments, can use different control wavelength.
Similar, the TDM of Payload signal partly is distributed on a plurality of wavelength.In this embodiment, the TDM of light Payload signal part is exchanged on the identical wavelength and the TDM channel as reception of selected output optical fibre by light.Yet in other embodiments, the TDM of light Payload signal part can be launched in different TDM channels.
Fig. 8 illustrates the module 17 of the core switching node of realizing photonic burst switching network 10 (Fig. 1) according to one embodiment of the invention, and this switching network 10 is supported common multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS).This embodiment is similar to the embodiment of Fig. 3, and difference is that control unit 37 is comprised in the control interface unit 81, and this control interface unit 81 also comprises one group of photoelectric signal converter 36 and one group of electro-optical signal maker 38.In addition, control unit 37 adopts processor controls 82, network processing unit 83, memory 84 and gluing logic 85 to realize.The module 17 of this embodiment also comprises the light buffer 87 that utilizes accurate fibre delay line to realize.
In this embodiment, the photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BUtilize quick polysilicon trench guide technology to realize, this technology is disclosed in the U.S. Patent application of following two common pending trials and common " method and apparatus of guiding light beam in Semiconductor substrate " by name transferred the possession of, one is applied for March 16 calendar year 2001 by people such as Ansheng Liu, sequence number is 09/811,171, its two by people such as Ansheng Liu in March 27 calendar year 2001 application, sequence number is 09/819,160.In another embodiment, can use different technologies to realize the photonic burst switch.Photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BN * N exchange is provided under the control of control interface unit 81.
The embodiment of this module 17 operates in top mode in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 explanation with basic identical.For this embodiment more particularly, processor controls 82 can receive GMPLS information from network controller 88 (shown in the dotted line).In a kind of like this embodiment, network controller can be the hardware handles unit, as processor controls 82, and/or resides in the processor controls 82 or the software module in the network processing unit 83.In this embodiment, network controller 88 is configured to use known GMPLS agreement that unitized control plane signaling is provided.Like this, network controller 88 can keep the tabulation of the renewal of available TDM channel, Internet resources and constraint, and determines to transmit the active path of light data burst.In another embodiment, network controller can be used as a software module and resides in the network processing unit 83.
Network processing unit 83 can be carried out many different packet-processing functions, such as framing/frame decomposition, assembling/decomposition, network management control and other household functions of label exchange, the control of TDM channel, control burst.In certain embodiments, it is inner that the control burst can be nested in other control bursts, rises to control burst system.Nested control burst can have practicality, in a single day because set up OLSP, it just can be used for the follow-up data burst transfer.Network processing unit 83 can provide synchronously and control signal to gluing logic 85, with operation and the switch configuration setting of controlling many photonic burst switches, thereby handles the routing information that extracts from receive control burst.Network processing unit 83 can also be controlled the photonic burst switch so that (for example, because contention) selects to route to light buffer 87 with signal when expection variable duration TDM channel is unavailable.Be used for the instruction of photonic burst switching network 10 (Fig. 1) according to the embodiment of the invention, the length of light buffer 87 (for example, the length of fibre delay line) can be significantly less than the required length of enforcement of traditional photonic burst or packet switching network.
Similar, this embodiment of module 17 may be modified as: realize inlet module by increasing electric input interface and electro-optical conversion circuit, the IP that wherein said electric input interface is used to receive and store from access network divides into groups, and described electro-optical conversion circuit carries out the electric light conversion to form the light burst to packet header that combines and the data segment of being stored.The module 17 of this embodiment can also be modified to: realize outlet module by increasing electric output interface and photoelectric switching circuit, wherein said electric output interface is used for storing IP grouping and it is transmitted into access network, and described photoelectric switching circuit converts the photocontrol that received and data burst and network management label to the IP grouping.Any one that it should be noted that these modifications all is two-way.For example, inlet module also should receive light data and control burst, and converts them to divide into groups as the IP that sends access network back to electric form.
Fig. 9 illustrates the core switching node module 90 with tunable wavelength converter according to one embodiment of the invention.This embodiment of module 90 is similar to the embodiment of module 17 (Fig. 8), and difference is that module 90 does not have light buffer 87, still comprises being connected photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BWith demultiplexer 30 1-30 ABetween tunable wavelength converter (TWC) 92.In addition, the photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BAt least one standby output port is provided.As in preceding explanation, photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BN * N exchange is provided under 81 controls of control interface unit.
In this embodiment, each demultiplexer 30 1-30 AEach " light Payload " output lead be connected to the input lead of corresponding TWC92.The output lead of TWC92 is connected to photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BTherefore, the demultiplexer 30 among this embodiment of module 90 1-30 ATo be connected to photonic burst switch 32 with the identical mode of module 17 (Fig. 8) 1-32 B, only each of these connections in module 90 carried out through TWC.In addition, although do not illustrate for fear of bluring in Fig. 9, each of TWC92 has the control section that connects control interface unit 81.
In basic operation, an embodiment of module 90 operates in the following manner.When not having contention, module 90 is operated in the described mode of module 17 (Fig. 8).Yet when Payload signal that variable duration TDM channel can not be used for arriving on one of input of module 90, control interface unit 81 will detect this situation.
When response, when the data burst of input optical signal did not also arrive the photonic burst switch of module 90, control interface unit 81 changed photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BConfiguration so that will import light Payload handshaking to photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BOne of standby output port.In addition, control interface unit 81 make the light Payload signal that receives this delay TWC92 with its wavelength Conversion to another wavelength available.Photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BCan within available variable duration TDM channel, exchange the light Payload signal of " changing ", thereby walk around " obstruction " TDM channel.In one embodiment, but become the time spent when another variable duration TDM channel, the Payload of the conversion signal of output can be converted back to former wavelength at next switching node.In another embodiment, the photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BAnother TWC (not shown) can use on identical switching node on the output port, so that switched Payload conversion of signals is got back to former wavelength.
Yet, in this embodiment of module 90,, the data burst of light signal arrived the photonic burst switch when detecting the contention situation if importing, abandon these data bursts.In addition, in this embodiment, control interface unit 81 sends network management messages to sending node, to resend the grouping that abandons.
Figure 10 illustrates the TWC92 in the part of module 90 (Fig. 9) according to one embodiment of the invention.In this embodiment, this TWC92 comprises: an optical coupler 100, a circulator 101, a light delay 102, a tunable optical filter (TOF) 103, another optical coupler 104, a photodetector 105, an electrical buffer 106, a tunable laser 107 and a processor controls 82.
In one embodiment, light delay 102 is constant time lag optical delay circuits.For example, light delay 102 can be the Fabry-Perot calibrator in fixed delay embodiment.In another embodiment, light delay 102 can be to utilize to be clipped in the variable time delay optical circuit that one group of different length optical fiber between optical fiber combination machine and the splitter is realized.
In addition, in this embodiment, TOF103 is a tunable optical filter, it be configured in response to control signal come by or reflect the light signal of selected wavelength.In this embodiment, TOF 103 has the centre wavelength (that is the wavelength that reflects by filter) that can regulate.Therefore, " by " in the pattern, TOF 103 should carry out tuningly replacing a wavelength that obtains from the wavelength that will pass through, in " reflection " pattern, TOF103 is tuning on will reflection wavelength.In other embodiments, TOF 103 can use other conditioned circuits to implement.
The element of TWC92 shown in Figure 10 interconnects in the following manner.Coupler 100 has three ports: connect demultiplexer (that is demultiplexer 30 shown in Figure 9, 1-30 AOne) first port of output port; Second port that connects the port of circulator 101; The 3rd port with the output port that is connected light delay 102.Circulator 101 has three ports: the port that connects the input port of light delay 102; Second port that connects the input port of TOF103; The 3rd port that connects coupler 100.More particularly, coupler 100 is connected with circulator 101, so that with wavelength X iThe Payload signal be transferred to TOF103 from optical demultiplexer.
TOF103 has the output port of the port that is connected to coupler 104.Coupler 104 has two other ports: be connected to photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BA port of input port; Another port from tunable laser 107 receiving optical signals.Tunable laser 107 has the digital input port that is connected to buffer 106 output ports, and this buffer has the input port of the output port that is connected to photodetector 105.Photodetector 105 is connected so that from photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BOne of " standby " output port receiving optical signals.Processor controls 82 is connected to light delay 102, TOF103, buffer 106 and tunable laser 107, so that the operation of these elements can be controlled or monitor to processor controls 82.This part operation below in conjunction with Figure 11 specification module 90.
Figure 11 illustrates the operating process of the part with TWC of module 90 (Figure 10) according to one embodiment of the invention.Although the operation for a TWC only has been described, module 90 is substantially similar for the operation of other TWC.Referring to Figure 10 and Figure 11, this embodiment of module 90 operates as follows.
During operation, module 90 monitors wavelength X iThe availability of bandwidth reserved (for example, TDM channel).In one embodiment, network processing unit 83 (Fig. 9) monitors the availability of bandwidth reserved, and with this message transmission to processor controls 82.For example, if the control that is received burst comprises the information of reserving specific T DM channel, then network processing unit 83 (Fig. 9) will be determined photonic burst switch 32 subsequently 1-32 BWhether can be configured to provide the TDM channel of reservation.In another embodiment, processor controls 82 is directly carried out this operation.For example, processor controls 82 can be implemented by network processing unit 83 (Fig. 9).Frame 110 is represented this operation.
If the variable duration TDM channel of reserving is available, then module 90 is operated by the described mode of module 17 (Fig. 8), with the Payload handshaking to the TDM channel of reservation.More particularly, TWC92 allows input Payload signal (promptly in wavelength X iOn) pass and arrive photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BTherefore, in this embodiment, the Payload signal arrives TOF103 by coupler 100 and circulator 101, and TOF103 is configured to the Payload signal is transferred to the photonic burst switch, so that the Payload signal can be switched to the TDM channel of reservation.Frame 111 is represented this operation.
Yet,, and on the photonic burst switch of module 90, also arrive the grouping of importing light Payload signal, photonic burst switch 32 if variable duration TDM channel is unavailable in frame 110 1-32 BBe configured to input light Payload handshaking to photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BA standby output port.In addition, TOF103 is configured to circulator 101 is returned in the signal reflex of input Payload.In this embodiment, processor controls 82 configuration photonic burst switch and TOF103.
As a result, a part of light Payload signal (within the specific T DM channel) is selected routes to standby output port.In addition, the further part of input Payload signal is recycled device 101 and light delay 102 recirculation.After these parts that postpone the input data burst signals, coupler 100 is guided in light delay 102 decay part into, and decay part turns back to circulator 101 via coupler 100.In addition, via circulator 101, light delay 102 and coupler 100 recirculation decay part continuously, be conditioned to pass through λ until TOF103 i Wavelength signals.Frame 112 is represented this operation.
Yet, as mentioned above, in certain embodiments, if one or more groupings of input light Payload signal have arrived the photonic burst switch of module 90, then module abandons these groupings, and a piece of news is sent to sending node to retransmit the grouping that has abandoned.
The part that selection routes to the data burst signals of standby output port is converted into the signal of telecommunication subsequently.In one embodiment, photodetector 105 receives this part light Payload signal, and converts thereof into the signal of telecommunication.The corresponding signal of telecommunication is cushioned device 106 bufferings, is used for directly modulating tunable laser 107 then.Frame 113 is represented this operation.
From the backup network wavelength, select a wavelength subsequently.In this embodiment, standby wavelength is used for such as the special-purpose that cushions for any node in the network by idle, and this standby wavelength does not use for light data burst and control burst usually.In this embodiment, processor controls 82 selects standby wavelength (to be shown as λ from available standby wavelength (having the wavelength that is different from the Payload signal wavelength) j).Frame 114 is represented this operation.
The bandwidth of selected standby wavelength is reserved.In this embodiment, processor controls 82 sends the photocontrol network management signals by other nodes in network and reserves this bandwidth (for example, variable duration TDM channel).When processor controls 82 did not have the enough time to select standby wavelength and bandwidth reserved, abandon this data burst (as mentioned above) before the light data burst signals arrives.In addition, in this embodiment, control interface unit 81 sends to sending node with network management control message, so that retransmit the data burst that has abandoned.Frame 115 is represented this operation.
Module 90 is used for standby wavelength X to be similar to frame 110 described modes of operation supervision jThe availability of bandwidth reserved (for example, TDM channel).Frame 116 is represented this operation.
The photonic burst switch is configured to standby wavelength signals is exchanged on the bandwidth reserved subsequently.In this embodiment, processor controls 82 configuration photonic burst switches 32 1-32 B, with standby wavelength X jExchange to bandwidth reserved (that is variable duration TDM channel).Frame 117 is represented this operation.
Modulation wavelength λ then jLight signal, make it contain the information that is derived from the signal of telecommunication that generates by photodetector 105.In one embodiment, tunable laser 107 receives the signal of telecommunication that is generated by photodetector 105 via buffer 106, and tunable laser 107 uses this signal of telecommunication (as mentioned above) to modulate to have wavelength X subsequently jThe output light signal.Coupler 104 receives this signal and it is turned back to photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BDescribed in conjunction with Fig. 9 as the front, the photonic burst switch is configured to select route for new wavelength signals within available variable duration TDM channel, thereby has avoided contention problem.In such an embodiment, network has the one or more standby wavelength that can use in whole network.Frame 119 is represented this operation.At λ jAfter the transfer of data, operating process turns back to frame 110.
This embodiment has some advantages.For example, use TWC92 that additional degrees of freedom can be provided when avoiding possible professional contention problem.In addition, be configured to transmit λ at the photonic burst switch jThe λ that receives after the wavelength signals iThe part of wavelength Payload signal is transferred in the light delay, thereby does not lose.
Figure 12 illustrates the part of the core switching node module 120 with Variable delay light buffer according to one embodiment of the invention.In this embodiment, module 120 is similar substantially to module 90 (Fig. 9 and Figure 10), and that only module 120 comprises is Variable delay light buffer (VDOB) 121 rather than TWC.In addition, the photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BOther input ports have the VDOB (not shown) similar substantially to VDOB 121.In one embodiment, VDOB 121 comprises: coupler 100, circulator 101, TOF103 and as the processor controls 82 among the TWC92 (Figure 10).In addition, VDOB 121 comprises: a pair of steady-state light device (BOD) 122, one image intensifers 123, one optical combiners 125, optical delay line 126 1-126 M, an optical splitter 128 and a laser 129.
In this embodiment, BOD 122 is gated devices, only output light signal when the intensity of input signal surpasses the threshold intensity level.This device is well known in the art.InGaAsP/InP Multiple Quantum Well (MQW) material that for example is clipped in the Fabry-Perot calibrator can and compare under the low input power condition and operate with the time that turns on and off of nanosecond in room temperature.
The element of this embodiment of VDOB 121 interconnects in the following manner.Coupler 100 has three ports: connect demultiplexer (for example, demultiplexer 30 shown in Figure 9 1-30 AOne of) first port of output port; Second port that connects the output port of BOD122; The 3rd port that connects the port of circulator 101.Circulator 101 has two other ports: be connected to a port of the input port of optical splitter 128, be connected to the another port of the input port of TOF103.More particularly, coupler 100 and circulator 101 are connected, with wavelength X iThe Payload signal be transferred to TOF103 from optical demultiplexer.
Optical splitter 128 has via optical delay line 126 1-126 MBe connected to M output port of M input port of optical combiner 125.In this embodiment, optical delay line 126 1, 126 2..., 126 MT is provided respectively, 2T ..., the time of delay of MT.In other embodiments, optical delay line can provide distribute uneven time of delay.In one embodiment, optical delay line 126 1-126 MAdopt the optical fiber of different length to realize.The output port of optical combiner 125 is connected to the input port of image intensifer 123, and image intensifer 123 has the output port of one of two input ports of connection BOD122.Connect other input ports of BOD 122 so that receive the light signal that generates by control laser 129.Processor controls 82 connects TOF 103, photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BWith control laser 129, so the operation of these elements can be controlled or monitor to processor controls 82.This part operation below in conjunction with Figure 13 specification module 120.
Figure 13 illustrates the operating process of the part of the module 120 (Figure 12) with VDOB according to one embodiment of the invention.Although the operation for a VDOB only has been described, also be similar substantially for the operation of the module 120 of other VDOB.Referring to Figure 12 and Figure 13, this embodiment of module 120 operates in the following manner.
During operation, module 120 monitors the availability of bandwidth reserved (for example TDM channel).In one embodiment, network processing unit 83 (Fig. 9) monitors the availability of bandwidth reserved and transmits this information and gives processor controls 82.For example, if the control that is received burst comprises the information of reserving specific T DM channel, then network processing unit 83 (Fig. 9) will be determined photonic burst switch 32 1-32 BWhether can be configured to provide the TDM channel of reservation.In other embodiments, processor controls 82 is directly carried out this operation.For example, processor controls 82 can be realized by processor 83 (Fig. 9).Frame 110 is represented this operation.
If it is available reserving variable duration TDM channel, then module 120 is operated by the mode of above-mentioned module 17 (Fig. 8), is reserving exchange Payload signal within the TDM channel.More particularly, input light Payload signal is (that is, in wavelength X iOn) arriving TOF103 by coupler 100 and circulator 101, TOF103 is configured to input light Payload signal is transferred to photonic burst switch 32 1-32 B, so that input light data burst signals can be switched to the variable duration TDM channel of reservation.Frame 111 is represented this operation.
Yet if variable duration TDM channel is unavailable, the light data burst signals of reflection input makes it can not arrive the input port of photonic burst switch.In one embodiment, TOF 103 is configured to the signal reflex of input Payload to circulator 101.In this embodiment, processor controls 82 configuration photonic burst switch and TOF 103.Frame 130 is represented this operation.
Yet, if before TOF 103 can be configured to reflect one or more data bursts of input light data burst signals, described data burst has arrived the input port of photonic burst switch, then module 120 abandons these data bursts and network management control message is sent to sending node, the data burst that is dropped with repeating transmission.
The data burst signals that has reflected is divided into M component signal subsequently.In this embodiment, each component signal has essentially identical energy and phase place.In this embodiment, optical splitter 128 is divided into this signal the luminous power component signal of M " equating " then via the data burst signals that circulator 101 receives by the TOF103 reflection.Frame 132 is represented this operation.
Postpone M component signal subsequently, each is delayed the different time amount.In this embodiment, as aforementioned, optical delay line 126 1To 126 MProvide delay T to M component signal, 2T ... MT.Frame 133 is represented this operation.
Make up the component signal that has postponed then.In this embodiment, optical combiner 125 combinations are from optical delay line 126 1-126 MM the component signal that receives.The duration of T is selected on setted wavelength (depend on many parameters usually, such as the specific transactions pattern, PBS network topology, the quantity of wavelength etc.) in one embodiment greater than the given minimum light data burst duration.In this way, when by optical combiner 125 combinations, the component signal that has postponed can not overlap.Frame 134 is represented this operation.
Amplify the signal that is made up then.In this embodiment, image intensifer 123 amplifies the signal that is made up.Can use any suitable image intensifer to realize image intensifer 123.For example, can use semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA).Frame 136 is represented this operation.
TOF 103 being configured to make wavelength then is λ iSignal pass through, and the selected component signal of the composite signal of amplifying is selected to route to the photonic burst switch.In one embodiment, processor controls 82 control TOF 103 make λ iThe signal of wavelength by and make control laser 129 output light signals to BOD122.Select the intensity of control laser signal, with box lunch it during with the output signal combination of image intensifer 123, BOD 122 will effectively connect and from image intensifer 123 output signals, launch via coupler 100 then.
In addition, in this embodiment, processor controls 82 is calculated will become required time of delay available, that be used for the TDM channel, select that then in the component signal which M postponed and will postpone fully, but so that become the time spent at the TDM channel this component signal can be used.Processor controls 82 makes control laser 129 generate its laser output signals subsequently, makes BOD 122 " gate " be opened or close from image intensifer 123 to coupler 100 selected delay component signal.Frame 138 is represented this operation.Then operating process turn back to frame 111 (as preceding in conjunction with as described in Figure 11).
Figure 14 illustrates control burst processing unit 1400 according to one embodiment of the invention.Control burst processing unit 1400 can be used as network processing unit 83 and/or the processor controls 82 of Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 in one embodiment usually.In one embodiment, the time slot of mentioning below can be a variable duration TDM channel.In another embodiment, time slot can be fixing-duration T DM channel.
Control burst processing unit 1400 can receive the control burst of electric form in the input 1450 that is connected to input buffer 1402.In one embodiment, the control burst can present the photocontrol burst format of Fig. 4 B.Then can processing controls burst in control burst analyzer 1406.In one embodiment, control burst analyzer 1406 can carry out the frame decomposition to the control burst of input, analysis and Control burst then.In one embodiment, the form of this analysis can be rendered as: the type of extracting information from the photocontrol burst of Fig. 4 B.The control burst information can comprise data burst length, burst initial sum time of advent, arrives wavelength, source and destination way address, be equal to and transmit class (FEC), burst priority, the control burst offset time routing information relevant with other.In another embodiment, control burst analyzer 1406 can be controlled to happen suddenly to this input according to the information of being extracted before sending to burst schedule device 1430 and classify will import control.
In another embodiment, control burst analyzer 1406 can be carried out Cyclic Redundancy Check extraly to input control burst.If the CRC failure in the specific control burst, control burst analyzer 1406 can generate a Negative Acknowledgement (NACK) so, and its transmission is turned back to the originator of photon control and data burst.In one embodiment, such originator can be the inlet switching node 15 of Fig. 1 embodiment.In a single day originator receives NACK, just can resend the control burst of failure.In one embodiment, NACK can be top Control Network Management label in conjunction with Fig. 4 B discussion in form.
In one embodiment, synchronizer 1404 can be connected to output buffer 1402 and control burst analyzer 1406.Compare by the time mark in the inspection control burst and with itself and local clock, synchronizer 1404 just can determine to control the synchronous of burst.Synchronizer 1404 can keep importing synchronous between control burst and the newly-generated output control burst subsequently.
Another function of synchronizer 1404 can keep in one embodiment with the adjacent core switching node synchronously.In one embodiment, this can keep by sending special synchronization message to the adjacent core switching node synchronously.The adjacent core switching node can respond this special synchronization message by returning an acknowledge message.
At last, in one embodiment, synchronizer 1404 can be assisted the light MAN11 of initialization Fig. 1.This work can be thus completed: the router at initialization and retentive control burst processing unit 1400 and the edge of light MAN 11 synchronously, for example with inlet switching node 15 or outlet switching node 18 synchronously.This router at light MAN 11 edges can be generically and collectively referred to as " edge router ".
Burst schedule device 1430 can arrive next core switching node with the transmitting and scheduling of data burst.It can at first be identified for the PBS32 of the wavelength of asking and variable duration TDM channel 1-32 BConfiguration is provided with.Burst schedule device 1430 can be launched the PBS configuration setting of being asked to PBS configuration and control module 1422 then.In one embodiment, PBS configuration and control module 1422 can be checked suitable substance P BS32 simply 1-32 BWhether configuration is arranged within the variable duration TDM channel of being asked and the wavelength is that be allowed to and available (that is, not having contention for this configuration).Exchange control signal 1452 can be used for controlling PBS32 in one embodiment 1-32 BConfiguration.PBS configuration and control module 1422 can send acknowledge message to burst schedule device 1430 in one embodiment, confirm that the PBS configuration of being asked is provided with.
Yet may exist such situation: PBS configuration and control module 1422 to be identified for the wavelength of being asked and the PBS32 that is asked of variable duration TDM channel 1-32 BPerhaps, configuration setting can not be used for given data burst.In this case, PBS configuration and control module 1422 can send NACK message to burst schedule device 1430.In one embodiment, NACK message can be the Control Network Management label of discussing in conjunction with Fig. 4 B.In one embodiment, PBS configuration and control module 1422 can be checked NACK message, and definite unavailability is by PBS32 1-32 B(promptly with the irrelevant fault of contention, as power supply or software fault) that fault causes is still by causing with another data burst contention.If be used for the PBS32 of the wavelength of asking and variable duration TDM channel 1-32 BThe unavailability that configuration is provided with is by PBS32 1-32 BFault cause, then burst schedule device 1430 can generate a network management control message, and send it to the edge router that starts, request uses different OLSP to retransmit, and walks around out of order PBS node.
If be used for the wavelength of being asked and the PBS32 that asks of variable duration TDM channel 1-32 BThe unavailability that configuration is provided with is owing to cause with the contention of other data bursts, and then burst schedule device 1430 can utilize contention to solve piece 1424 to determine the wavelength of being asked that is used to specify data burst and the PBS32 that is asked of variable duration TDM channel 1-32 BThe replacement path that configuration is provided with.
Contention solves the whole bag of tricks or its combination that piece 1424 can realize being used to solve contention between data burst in certain embodiments.In one embodiment, contention solves the fibre delay line that piece 1424 can assign PBS configuration and control module 1422 to insert in the input port of being asked that is connected in the face of output port.The use of fibre delay line moves to the time that does not have contention afterwards with the transmission of one of data burst.In one embodiment, fibre delay line can use the VDOB 121 of Figure 12 embodiment to realize.
In another embodiment, contention solves piece 1424 and can assign PBS configuration and the control module 1422 access PBS32 that ask 1-32 BWavelength Conversion module in one of configuration setting.Then, the use of this wavelength Conversion module moves to the different wave length that does not have contention with the transmission of one or more data bursts.In one embodiment, the wavelength Conversion module can use the TWC92 of Figure 19 embodiment to realize.
In the 3rd embodiment, contention solves piece 1424 and can assign PBS configuration and control module 1422 that data burst is exchanged to the core switching node of replacement, and is not switched over to next the core switching node on the preferred OLSP.Contention solves piece 1424 can send a message subsequently to burst schedule device 1430, replaces core switching node transmission one new control burst to start to this, and request is carried out Route Selection to follow-up data burst, makes it turn back to the moment sending node.This can be called as the deflection Route Selection to the process of replacing core switching node transmission control burst and data burst and then return.The deflection Route Selection is a method that increases time delay, is used for the wavelength of being asked and the PBS32 of variable duration TDM channel thereby solved 1-32 BThe contention that configuration is provided with.
In the 4th embodiment, contention solves piece 1424 and can retransmit this control after a while and happen suddenly and data burst by abandoning data burst and request source edge router, solves to be used for the wavelength of being asked and the PBS32 of variable duration TDM channel 1-32 BContention between two or more data bursts that configuration is provided with.Contention solves piece 1424 and can assign the PBS configuration with control module 1422 data burst to be exchanged to stand-by or the inner port that is connected in one embodiment.Contention solves piece 1422 can start the message to source edge router transmission NACK subsequently.The source edge router can respond by control burst and the data burst that repeating transmission remains in the backing copy in the formation subsequently.
As the part of the 4th embodiment, contention solves piece 1424 can determine to retransmit among the data burst in these two contentions which.In one embodiment, contention solves piece 1424 and makes this according to the relative priority level of two data bursts and determine.Contention solves piece 1424 can dominance or recessive the relative priority level of determining two data bursts.In one embodiment, can in the control burst, encode to the relevant information of dominance priority.This information can and be delivered to contention via burst schedule device 1430 by 1406 decodings of control burst analyzer and solve piece 124.In another embodiment, contention solves piece 1424 and can use the relative priority level that several rules is determined two data bursts recessively.For example, the data burst of maximum can be defined as having the highest relative priority level.Between control burst and data burst, there is skew basic time usually, and has an additional period skew that can be assigned to the data burst that for example has higher relative priority level in one embodiment.In certain embodiments, can be by partly considering the data burst size and distributing additional period to be offset from the inlet switching node to the successful transmission probability that exports switching node.In the distribution of specific wavelength, optical fiber or other parameters, also there is recessive priority.For example, can distribute a specific wavelength λ A, to carry data burst transmission to delay-sensitive.Contention solves itself or the combination that piece 1424 can use these or other rule, makes the recessiveness of two relative priority levels between the data burst and determines.In another embodiment, other modules in the control burst processing unit 1400 can determine that the relative priority level of two data bursts or assistance makes this and determine.
In one embodiment, network management control device 1410 can be responsible for the PBS network configuration message of exchanging between each edge router and core switching node is worked.Part as this function, network management control device 1410 can keep the look-up table of current state, comprises the tabulation of the update mode of available variable duration TDM channel, source and destination way address, wavelength purposes, overall network professional qualification and available network resource.Network management control device 1410 can also be by being transmitted back to NACK the filling that the source edge router is controlled input buffer 1402.
Forwarding engine 1414 can be collected in network management control device 1410, burst schedule device 1430 and contention and solve the necessary control information that produces in the piece 1424.Next core switching node that forwarding engine among one embodiment can select this control and data burst to be passed through.Perhaps, this selection is based in part on the destination-address information in the control burst that is related to label switched path (LSP).Forwarding engine 1414 is also carried out the exchange of control label.Control label exchange (about the routing information on the setted wavelength of next switching node) can be based on the destination-address that has upgraded, PBS output port and selected wavelength.
The information that use is provided by forwarding engine 1414, control burst maker 1416 produce the new output control burst of being set up as burst schedule device 1430 in one embodiment.Control burst maker can also produce the control burst, is used for any PBS network configuration message that is produced by network management control device 1410.
At last, queue management device 1418 can produce the output stream of new control burst according to time sequence.Output control burst can be classified according to their relative priority level, destination-address and other network management priority.During high traffic load, queue management device 1418 can be put into output buffer 1420 to the control burst of lower priority and network management label, with temporary transient storage.In other embodiments, the control burst with the relative long period skew between control burst and data burst can also be stored in the output buffer 1420 when needed.
In certain embodiments, the functional block of control burst processing unit 1400 can be embodied as special logic.Yet, in other embodiments, can use one group of other indifference to implement this functional block with the one or more processing units in the similar processing unit.
According to one embodiment of the invention, Figure 15 is the simplified block diagram structure of some part of edge router 1500, and it has shown each feature such as traffic shaping device 1501 and a plurality of formation 1510,1512,1514,1516.As previously mentioned, edge router 1500 can be inlet switching node 15 or the outlet switching node 18 of Fig. 1 embodiment.Edge router 1500 can be used for supporting as top in conjunction with the control that Figure 14 discussed and the repeating transmission of data burst.
Can arrive the holding wire 1540 of traffic shaping device module 1501 from the IP grouping in a plurality of users and/or source.When needing, the IP grouping can cushion in buffer 1504.Can before assembling input IP grouping, use traffic shaping device 1501 to reduce or eliminate the degree of professional dependency structure and self-similarity.Therefore, the minimizing of business burst can improve the contention solution and the service feature of switching node.In one embodiment, the IP grouping can be assembled into data burst and interior IP Payload data 41 and the label data 47 of control burst respectively by network processing unit inlet module 1502.Network processing unit inlet module 1502 is put into first data queue 1510 and the first control formation 1514 according to transmission sequence with data burst and control burst subsequently.The output of formation is selected by switch 1520, then via framer 1522 transmission.Data and the control burst of leaving framer 1522 with electric form can enter light MAN via electrical to optical converter 1524.
The data that arrive from light MAN enter edge router 1500 via optical-electrical converter 1526.In case the data of electric form and control burst can be used framer 1522, framer 1522 just can be provided to them network processing unit outlet module 1506, at this they is resolved into the IP grouping.
For the transmission again of data and control burst is provided when asking more easily, edge router 1500 can also comprise second data queue 1512 and the second control formation 1516.Second data queue 1512 and the second control formation 1516 can comprise the backing copy of data and control burst.Perhaps, the data in deletion first data queue 1510 after the successful transmission at data burst and the first control formation 1514 and the copy of control burst need these backing copies.
Figure 16 is the flow chart that illustrates the control burst processing unit operation of Figure 14 according to one embodiment of the invention.This processing starts from frame 1610 controlling the reception of burst.Can control burst in frame 1612 analyze and be categorized into many control informations, the variable duration TDM channel that comprises the input port that connects to output port, wavelength and distribute for the transmission of next core switching node.This control information can be used in decision box 1614 determining whether the PBS port can be used for specific input end mouth, wavelength and the variable duration TDM channel that connects to output port.If the PBS port is available, handles so and advance to frame 1616, for the variable duration TDM channel of being asked is determined the PBS configuration.The output of frame 1616 can be used to keep in frame 1630 the PBS configuration to be provided with, and can provide it to decision box 1614.
Yet if the PBS port is unavailable, decision box 1614 is withdrawn into decision box 1632 so.In decision box 1632, determine whether the unavailability of PBS port is by due to the equipment fault.If, handle so and enter frame 1638, be used for sending back to NACK or other similar Control Network message of source edge router at frame 1640 in this generation.If not, then handle entering contention solution frame 1634.
Solve in the frame 1634 in contention, can carry out the whole bag of tricks that is used to solve the contention for resources between notebook data burst and another data burst.Time delay, wavelength shift, deflection Route Selection and the repeating method discussed in conjunction with Figure 14 above wherein being included in.In some embodiment of these embodiment, contention solves frame 1634 can enter frame 1638, to generate the Control Network administrative messag.In certain embodiments, contention solution frame 1634 can utilize in frame 1636 by the TDM channel provide synchronous is provided.In some cases, because the delay that contention is introduced in solving, so can select new variable duration TDM channel.(for this reason, TDM channel controller chassis 1636 and keep the PBS configuration that frame 1630 is set can exchange message.)
No matter this processing is provided with frame 1616 by definite PBS configuration or withdraws from by TDM channel controller chassis 1636, handle and all advance to frame 1618 to obtain destination-address.This destination-address can be determined by address forwarding table in one embodiment.In certain embodiments, address forwarding table can be upgraded by the network management control device.After obtaining destination-address, this processing advances to frame 1620 to generate new control burst.In case new control burst is generated, just can be in frame 1622 to its queuing and send to next core switching node.
In the above description, the present invention has been described in conjunction with specific one exemplary embodiment.Yet under the condition of the wideer spirit and scope that do not deviate from appended claims of the present invention, it is conspicuous that the present invention is made various modifications and variations.Therefore above-mentioned explanation and accompanying drawing should be considered to exemplary and not have limited significance.

Claims (39)

1, a kind of equipment comprises:
One analyzer, this analyzer are used for frame decomposition and classification are carried out in the first input control burst;
One scheduler, this scheduler is coupled to described analyzer, is used to dispatch the configuration of photonic burst switch and the time division multiplex channel of variable duration, so that emission is corresponding to first data burst of the described first input control burst; With
One contention solves piece, and this contention solves piece and is coupled to described scheduler, is used for determining when described scheduler is determined the contention for resources of described photonic burst switch the replacement route of described first data burst.
2, it is that described first data burst is set up first path on the replacement wavelength that equipment according to claim 1, wherein said contention solve piece.
3, equipment according to claim 2, tunable wavelength converter is passed through in wherein said first path.
4, it is that described first data burst is set up second path with time delay that equipment according to claim 1, wherein said contention solve piece.
5, equipment according to claim 4, the light buffer that wherein said second path postpones by variable time.
6, equipment according to claim 4, wherein said second path arrive the core switching node and return from this core switching node.
7, equipment according to claim 1, wherein said contention solve piece and set up the replacement route by asking to retransmit described first data burst from the source edge router.
8, equipment according to claim 7, wherein said contention solve piece and are used for request repeat when the relative priority level of described first data burst is lower than second data burst.
9, equipment according to claim 8, wherein said contention solve piece and are used for by the size from definite described first data burst of the described first input control burst, thereby determine described lower relative priority level.
10, equipment according to claim 8, wherein said contention solve piece and are used for by the time migration from definite described first data burst of the described first input control burst, thereby determine described lower relative priority level.
11, equipment according to claim 1 also comprises the network management control device of the tabulation that is used to preserve available time domain multiplexer channel and wavelength.
12, equipment according to claim 1 also comprises the synchronizer that is used for sending to the distal core switching node synchronization message.
13, equipment according to claim 1 comprises that also being coupled to described scheduler and described contention solves piece and be used for solving photonic burst switch configuration and the control module that piece provides photonic burst switch configuration information and receives modulated degree information from described scheduler to described contention.
14, equipment according to claim 1, wherein said analyzer, described scheduler, described contention solve piece and are embodied on the processor of selecting from one group of processor.
15, a kind of system comprises:
One analyzer, this analyzer are used for frame decomposition and classification are carried out in the first input control burst;
One scheduler, this scheduler is coupled to described analyzer, is used to dispatch the configuration and the time domain multiplexer channel of photonic burst switch, so that emission is corresponding to first data burst of the described first input control burst;
One contention solves piece, and this contention solves piece and is coupled to described scheduler, is used for determining when described scheduler is determined the contention for resources of described photonic burst switch the replacement route of described first data burst; With
One edge router, this edge router comprise first formation of launching one group of data burst and second formation of preserving the copy of this group data burst.
16, system according to claim 15, wherein said contention solve piece and set up the replacement route by asking to retransmit described first data burst from described edge router.
17, system according to claim 16, wherein said contention solve piece and are used for request repeat when the relative priority level of described first data burst is lower than second data burst.
18, system according to claim 16, wherein said edge router is retransmitted described first data burst from described second formation.
19, a kind of method comprises:
Preserve the time division multiplex channel of available variable duration and the tabulation of transmission wavelength;
Analyzing the first control burst decomposes so that frame is carried out in first control information;
According to described first control information and described tabulation determine corresponding to first data burst of the described first control burst whether can with the second data burst generation contention;
If there is contention, then solve the contention between described first data burst and described second data burst; With
Dispatch the transmission of described first data burst according to the result of described first control information and described solution.
20, method according to claim 19, wherein said solution comprise that change is used for the transmission wavelength of described first data burst.
21, method according to claim 19, wherein said solution comprise inserts the time delay that is used for described first data burst.
22, method according to claim 19, wherein said solution comprise to the core switching node and send described first data burst.
23, method according to claim 19, wherein said solution comprise described first data burst of request repeat when the relative priority level when described first data burst is lower than described second data burst.
24, method according to claim 19, wherein said analysis comprise classifies to described first control information.
25, a kind of equipment comprises:
Be used to preserve the device of the tabulation of the time division multiplex channel of available variable duration and transmission wavelength;
Be used to analyze the first control burst so that the device that frame decomposes is carried out in first control information;
According to described first control information and described tabulation determine corresponding to first data burst of the described first control burst whether can with the device of the second data burst generation contention;
If there is contention, then solve the device of the contention between described first data burst and described second data burst; With
Dispatch the device of the transmission of described first data burst according to the result of described first control information and described solution.
26, equipment according to claim 25, the wherein said device that is used to solve comprises the device of the transmission wavelength that changes described first data burst.
27, equipment according to claim 25, the wherein said device that is used to solve comprise the device that inserts the time delay that is used for described first data burst.
28, equipment according to claim 25, the wherein said device that is used to solve comprises the device that sends described first data burst to the core switching node.
29, equipment according to claim 25, the wherein said device that is used to solve comprise the device of described first data burst of request repeat when the relative priority level when described first data burst is lower than described second data burst.
30, a kind of system comprises:
One analyzer, this analyzer are used for frame decomposition and classification are carried out in the first input control burst;
One photonic burst switch;
One scheduler, this scheduler is coupled to described analyzer, is used to dispatch the configuration of described photonic burst switch and the time division multiplex channel of variable duration, so that emission is corresponding to first data burst of the described first input control burst; With
One contention solves piece, and this contention solves piece and is coupled to described scheduler, is used for determining when described scheduler is determined the contention for resources of described photonic burst switch the replacement route of described first data burst;
31, it is that described first data burst is set up first path on the replacement wavelength that system according to claim 30, wherein said contention solve piece.
32, system according to claim 31 also comprises and is coupled to described photonic burst switch so that the tunable wavelength converter in described first path to be provided.
33, system according to claim 30, wherein said contention solves piece and sets up second path with the time delay that is used for described first data burst.
34, system according to claim 33 comprises that also being coupled to described photonic burst switch postpones light buffer with the variable time that described second path is provided.
35, system according to claim 33 also comprises and is coupled to described photonic burst switch so that the core switching node in described second path to be provided.
36, system according to claim 30 also comprises the source edge router, and wherein said contention solves piece and sets up the replacement route by asking to retransmit described first data burst from described source edge router.
37, system according to claim 30 also comprises and is coupled to the network management control device that described analyzer is used to preserve the tabulation of the time division multiplex channel of available variable duration and wavelength.
38, system according to claim 30 also comprises the synchronizer that sends synchronization message to the distal core switching node.
39, system according to claim 30 comprises that also being coupled to described scheduler, described contention solves piece and described photonic burst switch and be used for solving that piece provides photonic burst switch configuration information and from the photonic burst switch configuration and the control module of described scheduler receiving scheduling information to described contention.
CN200310123330A 2003-10-23 2003-10-23 Equipment structure and operating method for control processing unit in optical network Expired - Fee Related CN1610286B (en)

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US9806909B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2017-10-31 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Data switching apparatus and system
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