CN1624641A - 具有自动纠正的方向输入系统 - Google Patents
具有自动纠正的方向输入系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种与例如电子邮件或者短消息之类的文本输入应用相关联的系统，包括圆形键盘的可选屏幕上表示，潜在语言对象匹配列表，以及输入选定字的消息区域。圆形键盘是通过硬件操纵杆或者具有构造于其中的模拟操纵杆或者全方向摇臂开关的游戏垫来操纵的。该用户沿期望字母的总体方向指引该操纵杆，然后继续指引到所期望字中的每一字母。一旦已经大略地选择了所有字母，则使用按钮从潜在匹配的列表中选择一个特定字，并且将该选定的字发送到消息区域。
Description
技术领域
本发明一般来讲涉及输入设备。更具体来讲，本发明涉及一种具有自动纠正的方向输入系统。
背景技术
为了操作诸如计算机之类的计算设备，必须将一个或多个输入设备与之相连。自计算时代的早期以来，键盘就已经是用户用来将文本消息输入到计算设备里的主要输入设备。所述文本消息可以是由计算机执行的命令，或者仅仅是当人们将键盘用作一种输入设备时的普通数据输入。然而，用户必须记忆计算机命令的正确拼写和语法。即使用户已经记忆了正确的拼写，但是使用键盘的数据输入本身可能是易出错的。因此，已经为计算装置开发了图形用户界面(GUI)，以便减少键盘的使用。在GUI中，用户操作诸如鼠标、轨迹球或者操纵杆之类的替代输入设备，在显示器上移动光标或者指针。一旦光标被移到期望的位置，按钮被按下和释放，从而执行了一个相应的计算机命令。尽管GUI提供了一种调用计算机命令的替代的方式，但是键盘仍继续充当主要的计算装置文本项输入设备。
然而，存在在诸如操纵台视频游戏机或者使用操纵杆(joystick)或者操纵棒(joystub)的手持式设备中的情况，这时传统的键盘是既不可用也不便利的。现在，用于这些系统的文本输入方法通常包括滚动字母表或者屏幕上的标准英文打字键盘。在视频游戏机中通常采用的另一种导航装置是为用户提供一个饼式菜单，这是一种圆形菜单，允许用户通过沿菜单项方向拖动定点设备来选择选项。为了输入一个字，用户必须通过滚动字母列表、经由饼式菜单导航、或者在屏幕上的键盘上对它定位来选择每一字母，并在定位了每一字母之后点击一个选择按钮。
上述文本输入方法具有很多缺点。例如：该方法是低效率的，因为用户不得不把时间花在定位字母和确认字母上；该方法是不方便的，因为它在字母选择之间插入点击的时候中断了正常的打字流程；并且该方法是低效率的，因为用户可能由于屏幕上的键盘的有限尺寸而很容易地弄错相邻字母。
所需要的是一种使用诸如操纵杆或者轨迹球设备之类的方向输入装置的有效文本项输入系统。还需要的是该文本项输入系统是直观的并且易于操作。此外还需要的是该文本项输入系统可以提供输入错误的自动纠正。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种与文本输入应用、例如电子邮件或者短消息相关联的方向输入系统。该系统包括圆形键盘的可选屏幕上表示，潜在语言对象匹配列表，以及输入选定字的消息区域。圆形键盘是通过硬件操纵杆或者具有建于其中的模拟操纵杆或者全方向摇臂开关的游戏键盘来操纵的。用户沿期望字母的总体方向来指引该操纵杆，然后继续大致指引到期望字中的每一字母。一旦已经大略地选择了所有字母，则使用按钮或者等效装置从潜在匹配列表中选择一个特定字，并将所选字发送到信息区域。
在一个最佳实施例中，本发明提供了一个文字表目输入系统，它包括：(1)方向选择装置，加上一个或多个按钮或等效的用户输入装置；(2)语言对象列表，按照使用频率来组织；(3)具有文本显示区域的输出设备；以及(4)处理器，其包括对象搜索引擎，距离值或者角度值计算模块，用于对字进行评估和排序的字模块，以及选择部件。
所述方向选择装置用于沿一个字中的每一个字母的方向指引。该处理器使用距离或者角度计算模块计算距离或者角度，以便沿指引方向查找字母以及该字母的权值，使用该对象搜索引擎基于字母和权值检索字的预测列表，以及使用字模块对字的预测列表进行评估和排序。选择部件用于从字的预测列表中选择期望的字。
在另一个最佳实施例中，本发明提供一种使用方向选择装置的文本项输入方法。该方法包括步骤：
·用户使用所述方向输入装置，在屏幕上键盘上沿期望字母的方向移动光标。
·输入该光标的X-Y坐标位置；
·将被输入的X-Y坐标位置转换为相应的极坐标组合；
·基于所输入的光标位置的极坐标组合，为每一输入施加一个选择权值；以及
·基于每一输入的权值和多个预确定值从词汇数据库中检索预测字列表。
附图说明
图1是一个示出依照本发明的方向输入系统的方框图；
图2是一个描述对应于图1中的方向输入系统的显示设备的示例性屏幕的示意图；
图3是一个描述了依照本发明的屏幕上键盘的更佳布局的示意图。
图4A一个依照本发明的一个实施例的一组罗盘方向点的示意性视图；
图4B是依照本发明的另一个实施例的在字选择列表周围的一组罗盘方向点的示意性视图；
图5是依照本发明的方向输入系统的屏幕上反馈的示意性视图；
图6是一个示出用于依照本发明的方向输入系统的精确输入方式的过程的流程图；以及
图7是一个示出用于操作依照本发明的方向输入系统的过程的流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种与文本输入应用、例如电子邮件或者短消息相关联的方向输入系统。该系统包括圆形键盘的可选屏幕上表示，潜在语言对象匹配的列表，以及输入选定字的消息区域。圆形键盘是通过硬件操纵杆或者具有建于其中的模拟操纵杆或者全方向摇臂开关的游戏键盘来操纵的。用户沿期望字母的总体方向来指引该操纵杆，然后继续大致指引到期望字中的每一字母。一旦已经大略地选择了所有字母，则按钮或等效装置被用于从潜在匹配列表中选择一个特定字，并将该选定字发送到消息区域。
系统构造和基本操作
图1示出依照本发明的最佳实施例的、被并入家庭视频游戏操纵台机器中的方向输入系统100的框图。该输入系统100包括具有一个或多个按钮的模拟操纵杆110，存储了语言对象集合的词汇模块150，具有文本显示区域的显示设备120，以及处理器140。与其他部件连接在一起的该处理器140进一步包括对象搜索引擎142，用于计算距离值的距离计算单元144，用于对字进行评估和排序的字(语言对象)模块146，以及选择部件148。系统100可以进一步包括在显示设备120上显示的键盘130的可选屏幕上表示。
操纵杆110充当方向选择输入设备，它提供了具有足够精确度的方向输入可能性，最佳是10°或更精确。优选的是，如果被示出的话，光标的默认位置是在字母圆形的中心。可以使用操纵杆设备按照两种维度对屏幕上“QWERTY”或者“ABC”键盘进行导航，或者是按照标准矩形形式，或者是按照圆形布局。还可以经由字符的多个同心环来进行导航。然而，本发明的目标是仅仅取决于操纵杆在它的中心/静止位置以及在它的非中心(或者说周边)位置，也就是说使用径向而不是具体的倾斜度。
一旦已经通过按照与中心成某一倾斜度建立了一个方向，则可以登记和记录这一输入。然而，允许在记录它之前稍微改变该方向对用户来讲更加有益。因此，在该发明最佳实施例中，仅仅在操纵杆返回到它的静止位置之后记录最后有效方向。
尽管模拟操纵杆被描述为优选的方向选择设备，但是也可以使用任何提供具有足够精确度的方向输入可能性的输入设备。例如：全方向摇臂开关，拇指杆(thumbstick)，例如IBM TrackPointTM，触摸键盘，触摸屏，触摸屏和指示笔组合，轨迹球，眼睛跟踪设备，捕捉圆盘(trapped-disk)滑动开关，方向盘，Apple iPodTM导航轮，或者索尼的轻推转盘(Jog-dial)和数据手套，例如旧式的任天堂游戏手套，都能被用作替换方案。
操纵杆输入设备优选是具有八个按钮。然而，它可以仅仅具有一个按钮，或者任何其他数目的按钮。注意：尽管操纵杆底座或者封装的游戏控制器可能具有许多按钮，但杆本身通常不具有许多按钮。4向帽子开关(hatswitch)或者轻推转盘可以被用于支持多个功能，既可用于字符输入，也可用于辅助导航。此外，操纵杆可以被纵直压下(Z轴)，以便提供额外的按钮。
这些按钮为系统提供了显式命令的机制。按钮之一可以调用一个包含附加命令的菜单。另一个按钮可以改变可经由方向输入选择的字符组。
在一个替代的实施例中，第二操纵杆或者全方向摇臂开关被用于调用该系统的一些显式命令。例如，将操纵杆上下地倾斜用于滚动字选项，将它向右倾斜则为当前字扩展一个后缀选择。
存储在词汇模块150中的语言对象包括但不限于：字，短语，缩略语，对话俚语，由字符组成的图释，用户ID，URL，非英文(例如汉语或者日本语)字符。尽管在该最佳实施例中使用了字，但是任何其他语言的对象同样地适用。类似地，尽管该最佳实施例中使用了术语“字母”或者“字符”，但是其他非英文语言中次-字(sub-word)成分，例如笔划，语根/偏旁；jamos符号，假名，加上标点符号和数字，都是同样地适用的。
预测字列表被依照一种语言模式排序，所述语言模式可能包括以下中的一种或多种：一个字在正式或者会话书写文本中的出现频率；一个字在先前的一个字或多个字之后时的出现频率；周围句子的正确的或者常见的语法；当前字输入的应用上下文；以及在一个应用程序内对该字的最近使用或者重复使用，或者由用户对该字的最近使用或者重复使用。
图2是一个描述与图1中的方向输入系统100相对应的显示设备120的示例性屏幕的示意图。该屏幕包括屏幕上键盘130和文本显示区域210。如上所述，屏幕上键盘130是可选的，因为如果字母是在操纵杆设备周围印刷的，则该屏幕上键盘部件将是不必要的。
屏幕上键盘区域可以使用各种形状，包括但不限于圆形、正方形、椭圆形和具有多个边的多角形直观表示通常是但不限于二维平面图。
屏幕上键盘130可以通过一组罗盘方位点字母来增强，乃至被替换为一组罗盘方位点字母，所述罗盘方位点字母是‘A’，‘H’，‘N’和‘U’。罗盘方位点字母可以被置于如图4A中所示的在屏幕上的独立罗盘区域上。它们还可以被置于如在图4B中所示的字选择列表周围。这些罗盘指针字母还可以被置于屏幕上的人机交互指针/光标中，乃至被置于操纵杆设备110的周围。
屏幕上键盘130中的字母可以被按照任何顺序或者沿任何方向来排列。在如图2中所示的优选布局中，所有的字母都让它们的底部朝向环形的中心。在一个替换布局中，所有字母都可以是竖直的。在如图2中所示的优选布局中，所有字母是按字母顺序排列的。在一个替换方案中，字母可以遵循德佛札克(Dvorak)顺序。在如图2中所示的优选布局中，字母是起始于12点钟的位置。在一个替换方案中，字母可以起始于9点钟的位置。作为替换，字母也可以在实施例中的旋转键盘中具有一个移动的起始位置，例如在该实施例中所述输入设备是一种轮形物。在如图2中所示的优选布局中，字母是沿字符环的顺时针方向放置的。在一种替换的布局中，字母可以沿逆时针方向放置。在如图2中所示的优选实施例中，字母根据它们在语言中的使用频率而占据不同数量的弧度，为更频繁的字母给予更大的目标区域。
同样地，可以按任何顺序或者沿任何的方向排列数字。在如图3中所示的优选实施例中，数字将被置于与被分配给电话小键盘上的相应数字键的一系列字母相邻近的地方。
屏幕上键盘130可以包括主要输入语言的字母，候选输入语言的字母(和/或标音字母)，数字，和标点符号。键盘还可以包括用于象形文字语言的字符组成部分，变音符号及附着于字符之前的其他“零宽度”(“zero-width”)字符。键盘可以进一步包括音调标记，双向字符，由字或符号表示的函数，以及例如如下所述的“灵智标点符号”的一组字符的符号表示。
如图3所示的优选的主要文本输入键盘包括形成外环的无重音字母，形成内环的数字，被称作“灵智标点符号”的在字母“z”和“a”之间的符号或指示符，它根据字上下文直观地确定哪个标点最适当。
在每次操纵杆运动或按钮按下时，可以有听觉的和/或视觉的反馈。例如，一旦登记了操纵杆方向，能够在键盘上出现实心的或充满坡度(gradient-fill)的饼形边形状，以当前的倾斜方向为中心。进一步来讲，饼形边的宽度可以与朝向周边的操纵杆倾斜度成比例地狭窄。饼形边可以在操纵杆回到它的中心/静止位置之后瞬间保持。饼形边提供了操纵杆的倾斜度被记录的目视标志，并且加强了每个动作表示一批可能字母的概念。图5描述了操纵杆运动的视觉反馈。键盘302上的实心的饼形边502显示操纵杆的当前方向以及沿该方向的该批字母。
回头参考图2，文本显示区域210包括字选项列表区域224和消息区域220。字选项列表是一个由系统基于通过模糊方向输入所输入的字符预测作为可能候选项的字的列表。
最可能的字是默认字。用户可以或者使用一个动作接受该默认字，或者使用一个动作组合来选择候选字。
还显示出由用户一致选定的精确字符的精确拼写序列。优选的是，在超过或低于字选项列表的单独区域中显示拼写序列。替换地，也可以作为字选项列表中的一个表目来显示，通常是在第一行或者最后一行。在图2中，精确的拼写序列222被显示在字选项列表224上方。
通过包括、但不局限于字体改变、颜色改变、反色显示或者背景色更改、加下划线、粗体或者斜体以及加边框的某些方法，最后输入的字母也在屏幕上键盘上以及精确拼写序列中同时被指示出，加边框的例子可以是方框或者圆形。
除了在将精确拼写序列作为第一个或者最后一个输入显示的时候的精确拼写序列之外，字选项列表上的所有的字都按照操纵杆输入顺序和每个字中的每个字母之间的最短计算距离与给定语言内部的最近使用和/或使用频率的组合来进行排序。
方向输入系统100实现了一种用户能够借此从字选项列表中选择特定字的方法。优选的是，该方法与滚动方法和选择按钮的其他应用使用一致。该系统还包括用于选择精确拼写序列以及任何预测字的装置。在一个优选实施例中，该系统可以包括下一按钮和前一按钮，用户可以利用这些按钮在字选项列表中正向和反向导航。
替换地，方向输入系统100可以包括选择模式切换按钮。当按下选择模式切换按钮的时候，该系统输入选择模式，并且方向输入装置可被用于在该字选项列表中前向和后向滚动。
此外，使用特定装置选择预测字可以替换所述精确拼写序列，就好像被选定字的字母已经由用户直接输入了，并且产生了预测字的新的列表。
如果用户没有设法选择不同的字，则最可能的字是该增加的字。如果用户是精确的，则默认字可以是精确拼写序列的拷贝。替换地，可以是如上所述的选定字。此外，如果一种精确方法或者模式(如下所述)被用于明确地选择该精确拼写序列中的至少一个字母，则该精确拼写序列可以成为默认字。
比被登记在当前输入序列中的操纵杆动作的数目更长的字可以被包括到预测列表中。 替换的，可以提供进一步的装置，以便将选定的字扩展到完整。 例如，类似于在PC窗口系统上的级联式菜单，从选定字开始的更长的字可以在按下按钮或者定向输入之后在弹出列表中出现。
一旦输入一个字，则通常在消息区域220中显示该字。
替换地，也可以实现方向输入系统100，作为输入法编辑器(IME)。在该情况下，由该系统输入的的文本进入任何主动地从该系统接收输入的程序。其他应用可以与该系统链接，或者该系统可以被结合作为另一个应用的一部分。这些应用包括但是不局限于：短消息，电子邮件，聊天程序，网页浏览，视频游戏内部通信，向视频游戏提供文本，以及文字处理。
为了使用该方向输入系统100输入一个文本消息，该用户首先沿期望字母的总体方向指引该操纵杆，然后继续指引到所期望字中的每一字母。一旦已经大略地选择了所有字母，则使用按钮从潜在匹配的列表中选择一个特定字。选定的字进入消息区域220，它可能是适当的文本应用，例如电子邮件或者短消息。
本发明还提供了一种用于精确选择字中的字母的方法。该方法对于输入罕见的姓名以及不是当前活跃的标准语言中的一部分的任何字都很有用。该方法还可以用于通过在邻近于最后输入字符的字符之间跨越改变最后输入字符。为了在邻近于最后输入字符的字符之间跨越，可以使用一个向前按钮和一个向后按钮。一旦已经改变了输入的字符，字选项列表刷新，以反映预测字方面的变化。替换地，该系统可以被切换到精确模式，并且可以使用方向输入装置来环形经过字母。为了切换到该精确模式，系统可以选择使用操纵杆从中心倾斜的程度。一旦倾斜度超过了预先规定的限制，该系统切换到精确模式。替换地，该系统可以使用操纵杆在周边暂停的时间间隔。一旦该时间间隔到达预先规定的限制，该系统切换到精确模式，并且通过目视标志或者单音通知用户。系统还可以包括用于切换到精确模式的按钮。
图6是一个程序框图，示出用于按照精确模式操作该方向输入系统以便选择一个精确字母的过程。该过程包括以下步骤：
·步骤600：用户切换到精确模式。这通常是在预定义的按钮上的一次点击。然而，任何上述的方法都能被使用。
·步骤602：该系统能够选择性地在最后输入的字符的区域上放大。
·步骤604：用户使用方向输入驱动指示符到期望的字符。
如果操纵杆被用于方向输入，并且如果已经采用了放大，则该系统以高分辨率处理操纵杆移动 例如，90°的半径移动被视作仅仅是30°来处理。
·步骤606：用户使用一个按钮来接收该字符。
·步骤608：该系统选择性地返回到正常的方向文本输入模式。
除先前方法之外，该系统还可以通过检测选择速度方面的差值或者加速度方面的改变来确定精确字母，特别是当该系统实施例是基于采用轮形物的方向选择装置的时候。
在上述的最佳实施例中，该方向输入系统100被应用到家庭视频游戏操纵台机器中。然而，这一技术还可以被应用到许多其他产品，例如便携式视频游戏设备，使用适当的输入法的电话，轮椅，以及电视相关电子设备，等等。例如，在电视相关电子设备中，本发明可以被应用为机顶盒，并且所述操纵杆/摇臂开关被并入遥控器中。
图7是一个程序框图，示出依照另一个发明最佳实施例的方向输入方法。该方法包括以下步骤：
·步骤700：用户使用操纵杆或者任何其他方向输入装置沿期望的字母的方向移动屏幕上的光标。
·步骤702：该系统记录光标的X-Y坐标位置。
·步骤704：该系统将记录的X-Y坐标位置转换为相应的极坐标组合。
·步骤706：该系统根据记录的光标位置的极坐标组合，将一个选择权值施加到每一输入。
·步骤708：该系统根据每一输入的权值和一组预确定值检索预测字列表。
为了内部的计算，可以以与使用直接映射的屏幕相同的方式内部地表示屏幕上键盘130。替换地，也可以以使用虚拟映射的极其不同的格式来表示它。键盘的内部表示可以使用任何坐标系，包括但不限于极坐标系和笛卡儿坐标系。
当使用极坐标系内部地表示屏幕上键盘130的时候，通过圆度角度和与中心的径向距离来设定键的位置。在该最佳实施例中，允许了多个同心圆。该系统可以接收直接的极坐标输入。替换地，它可以在执行计算之前将笛卡儿坐标输入映射为极坐标。
当使用笛卡尔坐标系内部地表示屏幕上键盘130的时候，通过边框的左、右、上和下来设定键的位置。水平和垂直位置以一个边角为基准，通常是左上角，但是可以随着平台和操作系统(OS)而变化。在该最佳实施例中，允许了多行键位。
该方向输入系统100还可以由于种种原因在几种键盘之间更替。此类原因可以包括下列：大写字母对小写字母，用于其他支持语言的字母，用于具有大量字母的语言的扩充字母表，变音符号，数字对字母、符号和标点笔划对字符偏旁，用于同一语言的不同的字母，功能键，和用于选择特定精确的拼写字符的精确模式。
在另一个发明最佳实施例中，方向输入系统100还提供一种用于改变键盘表面和输入方向的机制。该系统包括用于在一组系统模式之间切换的输入装置。模式是键盘组合，键映射，有时是词典。模式能被用于许多事情，包括但不限于输入字符，执行功能，和改变系统参数。
在该最佳实施例中，该系统还可以包含下列按钮：空格符或者选择字，后退键(Backspace)，下一&前一字，下一&前一字符，Shift/Caps锁定，和菜单/模式切换。这些按钮中的每一个被映射到一个系统功能。能够由按钮执行的功能包括但是不局限于下列：
·选择：将一个指定的字添加到消息区域，同时清除当前字；
·下一/前一字：改变哪一个字被高亮度显示为被选择；
·下一/前一字符：改变最后输入的字符；
·后退/删除字：删除一个字符或者字；
·Shift，Caps锁定：改变被输入的字母的情况；
·撤消：撤消最后功能或者输入；
·剪切/复制/粘贴：标准剪贴板命令；
·Escape：激活/去激活方向文本输入；
·来回切换下一锁定/保持；
·扩展或者添加后缀：选择一个字并且显示它的可允许的后缀，或者使用任何输入的附加字符来扩展选择的根字；
·转换为新语言；
·转换为新键盘布局；
·下载/安装新的语言/键盘布局/程序版本；以及
·来回切换用于精确拼写的精确模式。
能够通过按钮选择性地输入的一些字符包括但是不局限于：
·“灵智标点符号”，它根据字前后关系直观地确定哪一标点符号是最适当的；
·“灵智变音符号”，它直观地确定需添加哪一变音符号；以及
·“灵智音调”，它为音调性的语言例如越南语直观地确定需将哪一音调添加到一个字。替换地，一个音调键能够显示对于需添加到当前字或者最后输入的字符的音调的选择。
方向输入系统100支持多种语言。每一种支持的语言被存储在单独的语言数据库(LDB)中。语言数据库存储按照字长以及在该给定语言内的使用频率组织的字。当系统使用区分大小写的字母的时候，数据库存储器还是区分大小写的，因此字是采用大小写混合的格式存储的。
方向输入系统100能够选择性地支持用户添加的字。这些字或者是存储在单独的用户数据库(UDB)或者是追加到主要语言数据库(LDB)中。当使用了UDB的时候，它按照字长和最近使用来组织字。
方向输入系统100能够选择性地支持动态字预测，其中或者通过对LDB中的部分重新排序、或者通过一个按照字长和最近使用组织的最近数据库(RDB)来作出可能性改变。
最终的字选项列表被检索，并被使用以下类型的数据进行排序：字长，顺序等级，字母权，和最近使用的字。仅仅提供至少具有与输入字母同样多字母的字。当使用“字完整”的时候，如果被确定为可能，可以提供更长的字。LDB中的字可以按照频率排序，最常见的放在第一位，而最少见的放在最后。
本发明采用了一种算法，它基于输入序列以及LDB中的字的字母与每一输入的指向/角度的接近程度来匹配它们。例如，权重可能接近与相应字母的中心的距离的负二次方。为了效率将字母分组是一种可选的、也是优选的特征；它在字母远在输入的指向/角度周围的邻近字母的较小区域之外的时候，拒绝字母匹配。在于2000年5月26日申请的、标题为“KEYBOARD SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATIC CORRECTION”的共同悬而未决申请美国序列号09/580,319中阐述了该算法的详细说明。这一详细说明在此引入作为参考。
键盘组中的每一字母具有到附近字母的相对权。当输入一个字母的时候，附近的字母被考虑，并且所有这些字母被分配了一个可能性权。实际输入的字母具有最高的权，并且该权随着与精确的字母的距离而减少。这些字母权组合起来改变存在于字选项类表中的可能字的顺序。
最近使用的字可以被加权为更频繁的，因此增加了它们的可能性，并且在字选项列表中更高地显示它们。最近信息还被用来确定用户定义字在字选项列表中的位置。
方向输入系统100还支持字完整。如果系统怀疑输入的字母是一个较长的字的开始部分，则在字选项列表中提供大致匹配的较长的字。另外，该系统能够为用户提供一个主干字后缀的列表。如果使用“后缀按钮”选择一个根字，则在该字根的末端显示一个后缀列表，允许用户选择选项中的后缀。
方向输入系统100还允许用户在还在确立一个字的同时选择一个部分字。 然后过滤该列表，以便仅仅包括从所选定的词干开始的字。如果用户向下滚动到一个候选字，然后添加更多字母，则这一候选字继续成为选择，通过上述讨论到的方法高亮度显示，直到它由于再进一步添加字符而变得无效为止。
尽管本发明此处是参照最佳实施例论述的，但是本领域中的普通技术人员将容易地理解其他应用可以代替此处阐述的应用，而不会背离本发明的精神和范围。
相应地，本发明只应当受到下面包括的权利要求书的限制。
Claims (62)
1.一种文本项输入系统，包括：
方向选择装置，加上一个或多个按钮或等效的用户输入装置；
语言对象的集合；
具有文本显示区域的输出设备；以及
处理器，其包括对象搜索引擎，距离值计算模块，用于对语言对象进行评估和排序的语言对象模块，以及选择部件；
其中，所述方向选择装置用于沿语言对象的每一字母、或者每一书写系统中的字母的次字等效物的方向进行指向，所述处理器计算距离使用所述距离计算单元以便在所述指出方向中查找字母和该字母的权值，所述处理器使用所述对象搜索引擎根据所述字母和权值检索语言对象的预测列表，所述处理器使用所述语言对象模块对语言对象的所述预测列表进行评估和排序，以及所述选择部件用于从所述语言对象的预测列表中选择要求的语言对象。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统，进一步包括字母或者在每一书写系统中的字母的次字等效物的环形的屏幕上键盘表示。
3.根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中所述屏幕上键盘具有从一个包括圆形、正方形、椭圆形以及多角形的组中选择出来的任一形状。
4.根据权利要求1所述的系统，进一步包括一组罗盘方位点字母，所述罗盘方位点字母被放置在语言对象选择列表中、单独的屏幕上罗盘区域中、或者所述方向选择装置周围的位置处。
5.根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中所述字母让底部朝向环形的中心。
6.根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中所述字母具有字母顺序、QWERTY顺序、或者德佛札克顺序。
7.根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中所述字母起始于12点钟或者9点钟的位置。
8.根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中所述字母具有移动的起始位置。
9.根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中所述字母具有顺时针方向或者反时针方向布局。
10.根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中所述字母中的每一个根据使用频率占据不同数量的弧度。
11.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中在所述方向输入装置周围印刷了许多字符。
12.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述方向选择装置是操纵杆或者全方向摇臂开关。
13.根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中所述操纵杆至少具有10°的精确度。
14.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述一个或多个按钮或等效的用户输入装置是由独立于所述方向选择装置的至少四个按钮组成的。
15.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述一个或多个按钮或等效物用户输入装置包括操纵杆或者全方向摇臂开关。
16.根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中所述操纵杆或者全方向摇臂开关是多功能视频游戏控制器中的一个部件。
17.根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中所述系统提供关于所述方向选择装置的每一移动的听觉或者视觉反馈。
18.根据权利要求17所述的系统，其中所述视觉反馈是在所述屏幕上键盘上出现的实心的或者充满坡度的饼形边形状，所述饼形边形状是以当前选择方向为中心的。
19.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述语言对象被依照语言模式排序。
20.根据权利要求19所述的系统，其中所述语言模式包括下列中的一个或多个：
语言对象在正式的或者会话的书写文本中的出现频率；
语言对象在先前的一个语言对象或者多个语言对象之后时的出现频率；
周围句子的正确的或者常见的语法；
当前语言对象项的应用上下文；以及
由该用户或者在应用程序内对该语言对象的最近使用或者重复使用。
21.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述预测语言对象的列表被按照计算的加权距离值和语言模式的组合值来进行排序。
22.根据权利要求21所述的系统，其中所述语言模式包括下列中的一个或多个：
语言对象在正式的或者会话的书写文本中的出现频率；
语言对象在先前的一个语言对象或者多个语言对象之后时的出现频率；
周围句子的正确的或者常见的语法；
当前语言对象项的应用上下文；以及
由该用户或者在应用程序内对该语言对象的最近使用或者重复使用。
23.根据权利要求21所述的系统，其中具有最高组合值的语言对象被选作默认的。
24.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中比方向选择装置的动作数目更长的语言对象被归入所述预测语言对象的列表中。
25.根据权利要求1所述的系统，进一步包括用于将选定的语言对象扩展为完整的装置。
26.根据权利要求25所述的系统，其中所述完整是在按钮按下或者方向输入之后的弹出列表中显示出来的。
27.根据权利要求1所述的系统，进一步包括用于精确地选择所述语言对象中的所述字母的装置。
28.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中在所述文本显示区域中显示出精确的拼写序列。
29.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中在所述精确拼写序列中指示出最后输入字母。
30.根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中在所述屏幕上键盘中指示出最后输入字母。
31.根据权利要求1所述的系统，进一步包括用于改变最后输入字母的装置。
32.一种使用方向选择装置的文本输入方法，其中输入的每一方向直接地或者间接地对应于一个或多个字母或符号，所述方法包括下列步骤：
用户使用所述方向输入装置指示要求的方向；
以包括弧度、斜率、角度或者等效单位在内的角形表示法记录该方向；以及
基于记录的角度从表或者数据库中检索字母。
33.如权利要求32所述的方法，其中所述角形方向是通过记录方向输入设备的X-Y偏移量并将该偏移量转换为包括弧度、斜率或者角度在内的角形表示法来推导得出的。
34.根据权利要求33所述的方法，其中所述转换是对标准笛卡儿坐标至极坐标的公式角度＝arctan(Y/X)的一种变型。
35.根据权利要求32所述的方法，其中所述检索出的字母可以是任何数目的相邻的或者附近的字母或符号中的一个。
36.如权利要求32所述的方法，其中按照所要求匹配的预测可能性的顺序来提供所述可允许的匹配字母。
37.根据权利要求32所述的方法，其中所提供的字母被限制为与在数据库中列举的语言对象中的某些位置相匹配的那些字母。
38.根据权利要求32所述的方法，其中仅仅在字母是其中的一部分的语言对象的前后关系中提供该字母。
39.根据权利要求32所述的方法，进一步包括步骤：
检索与记录的各角度的序列相对应的预测语言对象的列表。
40.根据权利要求39所述的方法，其中所述预测语言对象的列表是基于按照计算的加权距离值和语言模式的组合值的。
41.根据权利要求40所的方法，其中所述语言模式包括下列中的一个或多个：
语言对象在正式的或者会话的书写文本中的出现频率；
语言对象在先前的一个语言对象或者多个语言对象之后时的出现频率；
周围句子的正确的或者常见的语法；
当前语言对象项的应用上下文；以及
由该用户或者在应用程序内对该语言对象的最近使用或者重复使用。
42.根据权利要求39所述的方法，进一步包括步骤：
从所述预测语言对象列表中选择要求的语言对象。
43.根据权利要求32所述的方法，其中所述方向输入装置与屏幕上键盘相关联。
44.根据权利要求43所述的方法，其中所述屏幕上键盘包括一个字母、数字或者其他符号的环形物。
45.根据权利要求43所述的方法，其中所述屏幕上键盘被表示为极坐标或者笛卡儿坐标系以便进行计算。
46.根据权利要求39所述的方法，其中所述预测语言对象的列表是从词汇数据库中检索出的，并且其中存储在所述词汇数据库中的多个语言对象是依照语言模式来进行排序的。
47.根据权利要求46所的方法，其中所述语言模式包括下列中的一个或多个：
语言对象在正式的或者会话的书写文本中的出现频率；
语言对象在先前的一个语言对象或者多个语言对象之后时的出现频率；
周围句子的正确的或者常见的语法；
当前语言对象项的应用上下文；以及
由该用户或者在应用程序内对该语言对象的最近使用或者重复使用。
48.根据权利要求46所述的方法，其中所述多个语言对象被按照混合大小写的格式存储在词汇数据库中。
49.根据权利要求46所述的方法，其中所述词汇数据库进一步包括一个存储由用户添加的语言对象的用户数据库。
50.根据权利要求49所述的方法，其中所述用户数据库中的由用户添加的所述语言对象被依照语言对象长度和最近使用来进行排序。
51.根据权利要求46所述的方法，其中所述词汇数据库进一步包括一个用于支持根据最近使用的语言对象预测的最近数据库。
52.根据权利要求40所述的方法，其中所述计算的加权距离值是根据在每一选定方向和预测语言对象中的相应的字母或符号之间的角位差进行计算的。
53.根据权利要求40所述的方法，其中所述计算的加权距离值是部分地根据每一字母的权计算的，所述字母的权是按照它的使用频率确定的。
54.根据权利要求39所述的方法，其中所述用户选择一个局部的语言对象并继续更多方向的输入。
55.根据权利要求54所述的方法，其中所述预测语言对象列表被过滤，以便仅仅包括从所述选定的局部语言对象开始的语言对象。
56.根据权利要求39所述的方法，其中所述用户从所述预测字列表中选择一个项，并且当输入另外的字母时，包含最好等级的字保持被选定，直到所述项由于进一步添加字母而变得无效为止。
57.根据权利要求32所述的方法，其中所述方向选择装置是一组按钮。
58.根据权利要求32所述的方法，其中所述方向选择装置是操纵杆或者全方向摇臂开关。
59.根据权利要求43所述的方法，其中所述屏幕上键盘进一步包括灵智标点符号，所述灵智标点符号在被检索的时候被自动地解释为输入序列中的、在预测字中出现匹配标点符号、变音符号标记或者音调指示符的位置处的标点符号、读音符号标记或者音调指示符。
60.根据权利要求32所述的方法，其中一组按钮或者第二方向选择装置能被单独使用、或者与所述方向选择装置单独地或同时地使用，以切换或者选择输入模式，以便从输入改变为字选择，或者调用其他功能。
61.根据权利要求42所述的方法，进一步包括步骤：
在从所述预测语言对象列表中选择一个语言对象之后调用撤消装置；以及
显示前一检索出的字母，并且示出先前检索出的预测语言对象列表。
62.根据权利要求42所述的方法，进一步包括步骤：
从文本消息中选择一个语言对象；以及
显示所述语言对象中的字母，就好像所述字母已经被作为精确的字母输入，并且显示一个对应于所述字母的检索出的预测语言对象列表。
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- 2004-04-09 CN CNB2004100308964A patent/CN100419651C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| WO2013177903A1 (zh) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | 华为技术有限公司 | 文本输入的方法和装置 |
| CN102750003B (zh) * | 2012-05-30 | 2016-08-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | 文本输入的方法和装置 |
| CN102750003A (zh) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-24 | 华为技术有限公司 | 文本输入的方法和装置 |
| CN107544680A (zh) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-01-05 | 宝马股份公司 | 元素输入方法、设备及系统 |
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| CN100419651C (zh) | 2008-09-17 |
| EP1629345A4 (en) | 2009-01-14 |
| US7778818B2 (en) | 2010-08-17 |
| US8294667B2 (en) | 2012-10-23 |
| US8976115B2 (en) | 2015-03-10 |
| US20150186041A1 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
| US20040070567A1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
| US20080126073A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
| US20100277416A1 (en) | 2010-11-04 |
| US20140058725A1 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
| US8576167B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 |
| US20130100031A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
| US7286115B2 (en) | 2007-10-23 |
| US20080015841A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
| WO2004092906A2 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
| WO2004092906A3 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
| CA2521362A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
| US9557916B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 |
| EP1629345A2 (en) | 2006-03-01 |
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