CN1696723A - Electric arc fault detector - Google Patents
Electric arc fault detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN1696723A CN1696723A CN 200410038188 CN200410038188A CN1696723A CN 1696723 A CN1696723 A CN 1696723A CN 200410038188 CN200410038188 CN 200410038188 CN 200410038188 A CN200410038188 A CN 200410038188A CN 1696723 A CN1696723 A CN 1696723A
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Abstract
A device for detecting arc fault consists of current detector for detecting current variation and for generating its proportional signal, signal converter for limiting signal level, the first level limit amplifier, signal level detector for generating detection signal, pulse generator for forming normalization pulse, the first arc determining unit for counting pulse signal to judge whether arc is occurred or not and for generating arc detection signal, as well as breaker for cutting off wire when arc detection signal is generated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used for detect the equipment of the arc fault of distribution system, be specifically related to a kind of arc fault detection equipment, it can differentiate the voltage that causes harmful electric arc on fire and starting to produce during electrical equipment and during operation light modulator (dimmer) effectively, and wherein usually to be mistaken as be electric arc to these voltages.
Background technology
The reason of arc fault is various, and is for example aging, the breakage of insulating material and lead, and machinery and electric stress by excessive use or too high voltages cause connect fault, and the excessive mechanical fault that is subjected to of lead.Generally, the arc fault that takes place in residential building or commercial building can be divided into three kinds of situations.
First kind, and the lead that is connected in series of load between serial arc (contact arc) can take place.Fig. 1 shows the situation that serial arc takes place.With reference to Fig. 1, the lead 14 and 16 that constitutes cable 10 is isolated and covering by insulating material 12, thereby realizes insulation.In Fig. 1, upper conductor 14 ruptures in presumptive area, and produces series gap 18.When under this state, electric arc taking place, in cable, produce a large amount of heats partly.And, thereby be enough to make insulating material with electric arc generation area adjacency to break or during carbonization when continue producing heat, will be on fire.In serial arc, the size of current that flows in the electric arc is controlled by load.
Second kind, as shown in Figure 2, between lead electric arc in parallel (circuit electric arc) can take place.With reference to Fig. 2, the lead 24 in the cable 20 and 26 is isolated by external insulation layer 22 encirclements and by inner insulating layer 28.When inner insulating layer 28 wears out as part 21 or damages, between upper conductor 24 and lower wire 26 arc fault 23 can take place.To the influential excessive direct sunshine of line system according to or the carbonization that causes of thunderbolt, perhaps the suffered cutting mechanics operation of furniture cable of following time lengthening joint part that is crushed on chair-like when cable all can make inner insulating layer take place aging or damage.
Ground arc as shown in Figure 3, can take place in the third between lead and the earth.With reference to Fig. 3, as electric arc in parallel, when the insulation course that lead 34 and 36 is protected 38 that is used for of cable 30 takes place damagedly, and ground arc can take place during by damaged portion 39 ground connection in lead 36.
Particularly, because electric arc in parallel and ground arc are in parallel with load, thereby the electric current that flows in the electric arc can changing according to load.As mentioned above, when the catabiosis of cable continued for a long time, the cable outer covering layer was because cable carbonization and impaired, and owing to flame current produces Joule heat, it is more serious to make that cable wears out.At this moment, Joule heat is J=(flame current) 2 * time, and according to Joule heat, owing to electric arc takes place in the cable carbonization.
Fig. 4 is the block scheme that the formation of the general arc fault detection equipment in this area is shown.
With reference to Fig. 4, conventional arc fault detection equipment comprises: current detector 400, signal converter 402, level identifying unit 404, arc signal detecting device 406 and isolating switch 408.In conventional arc fault detection equipment, detecting device 400 detects the electric current that flows through phase conductor 416, and signal converter 402 becomes to be suitable for judging the signal of electric arc to detected signal transformation in the current detector.
Whether the output level of level identifying unit 404 decision signal converters 402 surpasses predetermined reference voltage, and produces output signal when output level surpasses reference voltage.The output signal of 406 pairs of level identifying units 404 of arc signal detecting device is carried out integration, and judges that whether integrated signal surpasses predetermined reference voltage, when integrated signal surpasses reference voltage, produces arc detection signal.Arc detection signal is imported into isolating switch 408, and isolating switch cuts off the phase conductor that connects power supply 410 and load 412.
Mention arc detector, the most difficult problem be starting during electrical equipment signal and from the signal of light modulator.These two kinds of signals are very similar in form, make signal that conventional arc fault detector can starting take place during electrical equipment and thought by mistake by the signal that light modulator takes place and to be electric arc and often to cut off circuit.
Because the waveform that starting takes place during electrical equipment and cause that the waveform of harmful electric arc of fire etc. is similar, thereby these two kinds of waveforms of conventional arc fault detection equipment utilization have this feature of different stacking factors and distinguish this two kinds of waveforms, and cut off circuit.The reason that the output signal of 406 pairs of level identifying units of arc signal detecting device is carried out integration is exactly in order to determine the stacking factor of signal.
Signal and arc signal that operation produces during light modulator are similar on waveform, and also have long this feature of stacking factor, and this signal that produces when starting electrical equipment is different.Therefore, the problem that conventional arc fault detection equipment exists is, the signal that it takes place during the operation light modulator is thought arc signal by mistake and cut off permanent circuit.And, because the signal that operation takes place during light modulator is very similar on amplitude to arc signal, thus utilize the amplitude of normal signal detect the equipment of electric arc can not be harmful electric arc and the signaling zone that takes place when operating light modulator separate.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in view of the above problems and proposes, and the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of the difference by the signal that arc signal is taken place during with the operation light modulator and during the starting electrical equipment and comes, thereby prevent the arc fault detection equipment of error tripping.
This feature of frequency of the signal that takes place when another object of the present invention provides a kind of frequency of utilizing arc signal and is higher than the operation light modulator and during the starting electrical equipment, thereby the arc fault detection equipment that the signal that arc signal is taken place during with the operation light modulator and when starting electrical equipment differentiates.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind ofly amplifies the signal detected, determines frequency content and detect arc signal, so that understand the arc fault detection equipment of the frequecy characteristic of institute's detection signal more accurately.
According to the present invention, above-mentioned and other purposes can reach by a kind of arc fault detection equipment is provided, and this arc fault detection equipment comprises: current detector is used to detect the variable quantity of the electric current that flows through lead, and produces the signal that is directly proportional with this variable quantity; Signal converter is used to make from the radio-frequency component of the signal of current detector output and passes through, and limit the level of this signal, to be no more than a fixing signal level; The first level limiting amplifier is used to amplify the signal from signal converter output, to limit this output signal level; Signal level detecter is used to judge whether input signal surpasses the first fixing voltage, and produces detection signal; Pulse producer is used for the form that a detection signal from signal level detecter output is transformed into the normalization pulse; The first electric arc identifying unit is used at the fixed time the pulse signal of exporting from pulse producer being counted, and judges whether electric arc takes place, and produces arc detection signal; And isolating switch, be used for when having produced arc detection signal, cutting off lead.
Description of drawings
By following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, can more be expressly understood other purposes of the present invention, feature and advantage.In the drawings:
Fig. 1 has shown the situation that serial arc takes place;
Fig. 2 has shown the situation that electric arc in parallel takes place;
Fig. 3 has shown the situation that ground arc takes place;
Fig. 4 is the block scheme of the common electric arc fault test set in this area;
Fig. 5 is the block scheme of arc fault detection equipment according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 a shows the circuit structure of current detector according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 b shows the circuit structure of the current detector of another preferred embodiment according to the present invention;
Fig. 7 a shows from the example of the arc signal waveform of current detector output, Fig. 7 b shows from the example of the dimmer signal waveform of current detector output, the example of the signal waveform that Fig. 7 c takes place when showing from the starting electrical equipment of current detector output, Fig. 7 d shows from the example of the normal signal waveform of current detector output;
Fig. 8 illustrates the block scheme of the detailed structure of signal converter according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 a shows from the example of the arc signal waveform of first level limiting amplifier output, Fig. 9 b shows from the example of the dimmer signal waveform of first level limiting amplifier output, the example of the signal waveform that Fig. 9 c takes place when showing from the starting electrical equipment of first level limiting amplifier output, Fig. 9 d shows from the example of the normal signal waveform of first level limiting amplifier output;
Figure 10 shows the detailed structure view of signal level detecter according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 shows the block scheme of the detailed structure of pulse producer according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 shows the block scheme of the detailed structure of the first electric arc identifying unit according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 shows the circuit structure diagram of rectifier according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 14 show according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention voltage divider and the circuit structure diagram of filtering/delay cell;
Figure 15 shows the circuit structure diagram of level limiter according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16 shows the circuit structure diagram of wave filter according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 17 a shows the circuit structure diagram of the first level limiting amplifier according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 17 b shows the circuit structure diagram of the first level limiting amplifier according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 18 a shows from the example of the arc signal waveform of Hi-pass filter output, Figure 18 b shows from the example of the dimmer signal waveform of Hi-pass filter output, Figure 18 c shows from the example of the signal waveform that takes place when starting electrical equipment of Hi-pass filter output, and Figure 18 d shows from the example of the normal signal waveform of Hi-pass filter output;
Figure 19 shows the circuit structure diagram of the second level limiting amplifier according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 20 a shows from the example of the arc signal waveform of second level limiting amplifier output, Figure 20 b shows from the example of the dimmer signal waveform of second level limiting amplifier output, Figure 20 c shows from the example of the signal waveform that takes place when starting electrical equipment of second level limiting amplifier output, and Figure 20 d shows from the example of the normal signal waveform of second level limiting amplifier output;
Figure 21 shows the circuit structure diagram of signal level detecter according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 22 shows the circuit structure diagram of the signal transducer of pulse producer according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 23 shows the charger of pulse producer according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention and the circuit structure diagram of comparer;
Figure 24 shows the circuit structure diagram of the signal delay unit of pulse producer according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 25 shows the circuit structure diagram of the first electric arc identifying unit according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 26 shows the structural drawing of the second electric arc identifying unit according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 27 a shows the signal waveform of integration in counter is taking place under the situation of electric arc, Figure 27 b shows and is using under the situation of light modulator the signal waveform of integration in counter, Figure 27 c shows under the situation of starting electrical equipment the signal waveform of integration in counter, and Figure 27 d shows under normal condition the signal waveform of integration in counter;
Figure 28 shows the block scheme according to the arc fault detection equipment of third embodiment of the invention;
Figure 29 shows the block scheme according to the arc fault detection equipment of fifth embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Now, with reference to the accompanying drawings to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
Fig. 5 shows the block scheme of arc fault detection equipment according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 5, arc fault detection equipment can comprise: current detector 500, signal converter 502, the first level limiting amplifier 504, Hi-pass filter 526 and the second level limiting amplifier 506, signal level detecter 508, pulse producer 510 and the first electric arc identifying unit 512, isolating switch 514 and the second electric arc identifying unit 524.Current detector 500 detects the variable quantity of the electric current that flows through phase conductor 518, and the output current detection signal.Though what Fig. 5 showed is the situation that current detector is connected with the phase conductor 518 that is connected between power supply and the load, yet one of skill in the art will appreciate that current detector 500 and the neutral line and be also included within the scope of the present invention with situation that the neutral line is connected with phase conductor.
The first level limiting amplifier 504 is carried out the function of amplifying from the signal of signal converter output.The present invention utilizes arc signal and the signal of starting during electrical equipment to compare with dimmer signal to comprise this feature of more radio-frequency components and detects electric arc.Form by the sub signal between main signal with high amplitude and the main signal from the signal of current detector output with small magnitude.Because arc signal is a high-frequency signal, thereby the sub signal between main signal produces manyly.
Yet,, thereby be difficult to detect them because sub signal has very little amplitude.Therefore, according to the present invention, the signal of being exported by 504 pairs of signal converters of the first level limiting amplifier 502 amplifies, so that accurately detect sub signal.Because main signal has high amplitude, and may damage circuit when the signal with high amplitude amplified once more, thereby, can come amplifying signal by restriction amplification degree according to the present invention.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the output signal that can use common OP amplifier to come amplifying signal converter 502.
Hi-pass filter 526 only has the signal of radio-frequency component in the output signal by the first level limiting amplifier 504.
The output signal that the second level limiting amplifier 506 amplifies Hi-pass filter 526.When the Hi-pass filter 526, owing to the removal of distribution of impedance and low frequency signal makes signal level attenuation.Therefore, the second level limiting amplifier amplifies once more to the signal after decaying, and by twice amplification, the difference in magnitude between sub signal and the main signal reduces.Below in conjunction with another figure the detailed formation of the second level limiting amplifier is described.
The second electric arc identifying unit 524 assigns to judge whether detected electric arc to the output signal quadrature of the second level limiting amplifier 506 at the fixed time.The second electric arc identifying unit is carried out the function of judging such as the such instantaneous electric arc of electric arc in parallel.
According to one embodiment of present invention, can comprise a mu balanced circuit between the second level limiting amplifier 506 and signal level detecter 508, in this case, the output signal of mu balanced circuit is imported into signal level detecter 508.
The first electric arc identifying unit 512 is carried out and is received in the pulse signal that takes place in the pulse producer 510 and judges the function whether electric arc takes place.The first electric arc identifying unit 512 is carried out the pulse that produces in pulse producer 510 is counted and judged the function whether electric arc takes place.That is, the first electric arc identifying unit 512 compares predetermined pulse number and the umber of pulse of receiving in the set time, and exports the electric arc detecting signal when the umber of pulse of receiving is counted greater than this predetermined pulse.The signal that takes place when as mentioned above, arc signal and dimmer signal are with the starting electrical equipment is compared has more radio-frequency component.The signal that takes place when therefore, dimmer signal is with the starting electrical equipment is compared generation umber of pulse still less with arc signal.Simultaneously, because the signal of radio-frequency component amplifies by the first and second level limiting amplifiers, thereby can detect radio-frequency component more accurately.
Isolating switch 514 is carried out and is received from first arc detection signal of the first electric arc identifying unit, 512 outputs and the function of also cutting off the phase conductor that is connected power supply and load from second arc detection signal of second electric arc identifying unit output.Though Fig. 5 shows isolating switch 514 and is connected with phase conductor 518 and cuts off phase conductor 518, yet obviously, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that isolating switch 514 can be connected and cut off the neutral line 516 with the neutral line 516.
According to the present invention, isolating switch 514 can comprise solenoid and switch, connects solenoid when receiving arc detection signal, and utilizes the position of the magnetic signal change switch of solenoid to cut off circuit.
Fig. 6 a shows the circuit structure diagram of current detector according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 6 a, can be embodied as current transformer 600 according to current detector of the present invention.More than current transformer 600 is not connected with phase conductor and is connected with the neutral line and the fact that can detect current change quantity is described.
Fig. 6 b shows the circuit structure diagram of current detector according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.
Current detection circuit shown in Fig. 6 b is to be used to use shunting to detect the circuit of the magnitude of current.
In Fig. 6 b, the resistance R 601 that is connected in parallel with phase conductor is used as parallel resistance.Though Fig. 6 b shows the configuration that parallel resistance is connected with phase conductor, yet one of skill in the art will appreciate that the neutral line is connected with this parallel resistance to be also contained in the scope of the present invention.When resistance R 601 and phase conductor are connected in parallel, electric current will flow to parallel resistance according to the ratio of the intrinsic impedance of phase conductor and the size of parallel resistance.Owing to flow through the proportional relation of size of current of phase conductor and resistance R 601, thereby the information that flows through the size of current of parallel resistance can be used to determine the magnitude of current.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, current detector 500 constitutes the logosky sensor, and can export the proportional signal of amount that changes with voltage with electric current, and this and current transformer are similar.
Fig. 7 a shows from the example of the arc signal waveform of current detector output, Fig. 7 b shows from the example of the dimmer signal waveform of current detector output, the example of the signal waveform that Fig. 7 c takes place when showing from the starting electrical equipment of current detector output, Fig. 7 d shows from the example of the normal signal waveform of current detector output.
Shown in Fig. 7 a to Fig. 7 d, can determine that the signal that takes place when the output signal of light modulator or starting electrical equipment has high signal level, and it generally is a high-frequency signal.For arc signal, except main signal, also there are many sub signals that between main signal, have lower voltage level, they are compared with other signals and are confirmed to be is high-frequency signal.And arc signal is compared with normal signal has high amplitude.Can determine that the normal signal waveform has low amplitude value and low frequency signal.
Fig. 8 shows the detailed block diagram of signal converter according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 8, signal converter 502 according to an embodiment of the invention can comprise: rectifier 800, voltage divider 802, filtering/delay cell 804, level limiter 806 and wave filter 808.
Filtering/delay cell 804 carry out the high frequency band that makes signal by and make from the function of the signal delay of wave filter output.The signal that comprises all frequency bands from the signal of voltage divider 802 outputs with flip-flop.Yet,, thereby only make the signal of high frequency band pass through Hi-pass filter because the low-frequency component of flip-flop etc. and electric arc are irrelevant.And because Hi-pass filter comprises capacitive element, thereby its uses electric capacity that input signal is postponed, so that output pulse signal not.
If surpass predetermined level from the signal level of filtering/delay cell 804 outputs, then level limiter 806 is carried out the function that limits the signal level that is surpassed.The attenuated output signal that voltage divider 802 and filtering/delay cell 804 make current detector to a certain degree; but exist a kind of situation to be; exported pulse signal with very high output level; thereby level limiter 806 will be the output level limiting of signal below predetermined level, with the protection permanent circuit.According to one embodiment of present invention, level limiter 806 can use Zener diode to implement.Wave filter 808 is used as the Hi-pass filter that the high-frequency signal of the output signal that makes level limiter 806 passes through.
Figure 10 shows the detailed structure view of signal level detecter according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 10, signal level detecter according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises the comparer 1000 and first pedestal generator 1002.First pedestal generator 1002 is carried out the function that produces first reference voltage and be entered into comparer 1000.
Comparer 1000 compares the output signal level of the second level limiting amplifier 506 and the signal of exporting from first pedestal generator 1002.And, when the output signal of the second level limiting amplifier 506 is higher than the output-voltage levels of first pedestal generator 1002, the comparer output detection signal.As mentioned above, can between the second level limiting amplifier 506 and signal level detecter, insert a mu balanced circuit, and in this case, comparer compares the output signal of mu balanced circuit and first reference voltage.
Because sub signal is fully amplified by the first level limiting amplifier 504 and the second level limiting amplifier 506, thereby signal level detecter 508 can detect sub signal more accurately.
Figure 11 shows the detailed block diagram of pulse producer according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 11, pulse producer 510 according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises: signal transducer 1100, charger 1102, comparer 1104, second pedestal generator 1106 and signal delay unit 1108.
Signal transducer 1100 is carried out the function whether detectable signal level detector 508 has exported detection signal.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, signal transducer 1100 is connected with the output stage of signal level detecter, and judges whether detection signal surpasses fixing baseline signal level, to survey detection signal.When signal detector 1100 was surveyed the output of detection signal, it produced detectable signal and is entered into charger 1102 and signal delay unit 1108.
When signal transducer 1100 output detectable signals, charger 1102 begins charging.Charger 1102 can constitute resistance and electric capacity, constitutes common charging circuit and the power supply that charging voltage is provided.The pulse width that the duration of charging decision produces in pulse producer 510.
When signal transducer output detectable signal, signal delay unit 1108 is carried out the function that makes delayed detection signal.That is, when signal level detecter 508 output detection signals and signal transducer 1100 detected this detection signal, signal delay unit made this signal delay and produces square-wave pulse.As mentioned above, the signal level detection signal is exported as the signal of different amplitudes and width.When exporting the signal of different amplitudes and width, be difficult to hold the precise frequency composition of signal.Have this feature of higher frequency because the present invention has utilized signal that arc signal takes place with dimmer signal with when starting electrical equipment to compare, thereby have the pulse of fixed amplitude and width, so that accurately detect frequency by signal delay is produced.
Second pedestal generator 1106 produces predetermined charging and finishes voltage and provide it to comparer 1604.When the voltage that charges in charger 1102 was finished voltage above the charging that produces in second pedestal generator, comparer 1104 produced output signals.
The output signal of comparer 1104 is imported into signal delay unit 1108, and signal delay unit 1108 receives the output signal of comparer and stops to make signal delay.That is, when signal transducer 1100 detectable signals, signal delay unit 1108 makes signal delay, and when comparer 1104 produced output signal, signal delay unit 1108 stopped to make signal delay, thereby has produced square-wave pulse.Because the duration of charging of charger is fixed, thereby signal delay unit always can produce the pulse with fixed width.Charger 1102 receives the output signal of comparer or detects signal delay unit when stop signal has postponed at it, stops to charge and discharging the voltage that is charged into.
Figure 12 shows the detailed block diagram of the first electric arc identifying unit according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 12, the first electric arc identifying unit according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention can comprise: counter 1200, the 3rd pedestal generator 1202 and comparer 1204.Counter 1200 is carried out the function of counting from the umber of pulse of pulse producer 510 outputs.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, counter 1200 is by coming number of pulses to count to carrying out integration from the pulse of pulse producer 510 outputs.
The 3rd pedestal generator 1202 is input to comparer 1204 to the reference voltage that is judged to be arc signal.Comparer 1204 compares integral voltage in the counter and the 3rd reference voltage of exporting from the 3rd pedestal generator, exports first arc detection signal when the former is higher than the latter.
Have more radio-frequency component because the signal that takes place when arc signal and dimmer signal and starting electrical equipment is compared, thereby when the generation arc signal, pulse producer produces more multiple-pulse at the fixed time.Therefore, during the integral voltage of the pulse of the signal that when the 3rd reference voltage is higher than dimmer signal or starting electrical equipment, takes place, can only detect arc signal.
As mentioned above, first arc detection signal from comparer 1704 outputs is imported into isolating switch 1012, the lead that makes isolating switch 1012 cut-out connection power supplys and load.
Figure 13 shows the circuit structure diagram of rectifier according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 14 show according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention voltage divider and the circuit structure diagram of filtering/delay cell.
In Figure 14, two resistance R 140 and R141 are as voltage divider.Therefore, the signal from rectifier 800 outputs distributes according to the value of resistance R 140 and R141.Resistance R 141 and capacitor C 142 are carried out the function of filtering/delay cell.Resistance R 141 and capacitor C 142 are as Hi-pass filter and high-frequency signal is passed through.Capacitor C 142 makes signal delay and prevents to export excessive pulse.
Figure 15 shows the circuit structure diagram of level limiter according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Even voltage divider 802 makes rectified signal carry out decay with stabilizing circuit according to fixed ratio, level limiter 806 also will limit the voltage level that is input to circuit, this be because, when excessive pulse takes place, even the signal after the decay also can exert an influence to circuit.
Figure 16 shows the circuit structure diagram of wave filter according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Circuit shown in Figure 16 is a circuit of high pass filter, and it is only by the signal relevant with electric arc in the signal of level limiter 806 outputs.
Figure 17 a shows the circuit structure diagram of the first level limiting amplifier according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The amplification of the first level limiting amplifier output signal conversion output signal
Signal doubly.
And owing to signal amplifies by OP amplifier 170, thereby the first level limiting amplifier can not be amplified to this signal more than the bias voltage Vcc.
Figure 17 b shows the circuit structure diagram of the first level limiting amplifier according to another embodiment of the present invention.
First level restriction amplifying circuit shown in Figure 17 a is the circuit that amplifies output voltage under noninverting state, and first level restriction amplifying circuit shown in Figure 17 b is the circuit that amplifies output voltage under rp state.
Level limiting amplifier shown in Figure 17 b amplifies the signal transformation output signal
Doubly and export inversion signal.
Fig. 9 a is the example from the arc signal waveform of first level limiting amplifier output, Fig. 9 b is the example from the dimmer signal waveform of first level limiting amplifier output, Fig. 9 c is the example of the signal waveform that takes place during from the starting electrical equipment of first level limiting amplifier output, and Fig. 9 d is the example from the normal signal waveform of first level limiting amplifier output.
Shown in Fig. 9 a to Fig. 9 d, amplify owing to behind the restricting signal level, carry out, thereby the difference in magnitude of all signals of output is few.Yet for arc signal, because its sub signal fully amplified, thereby arc signal is judged as high-frequency signal, and the signal beyond the arc signal is confirmed to be the low signal of frequency ratio arc signal frequency.
Figure 18 a shows from the example of the arc signal waveform of Hi-pass filter output, Figure 18 b shows from the example of the dimmer signal waveform of Hi-pass filter output, the example of the signal waveform that Figure 18 c takes place when showing from the starting electrical equipment of Hi-pass filter output, Figure 18 d shows from the example of the normal signal waveform of Hi-pass filter output.
Shown in Figure 18 a to Figure 18 d, can determine that when signal passed through Hi-pass filter, signal level was owing to the removal of dividing potential drop and low-frequency component is attenuated.
Figure 19 shows the circuit structure diagram of the second level limiting amplifier according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 19, the second level limiting amplifier according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention can comprise: OP amplifier 194; Resistance R 191 is connected between the output terminal and non-inverting input of OP amplifier 194; Resistance R 192 is connected between the output terminal and inverting input of OP amplifier 194; And resistance R 193, be connected between the inverting input and ground of OP amplifier 194.
In Figure 19, the output signal of Hi-pass filter is imported into OP amplifier 104, and OP amplifier 194 uses
The magnification output signal of amplifying Hi-pass filter with input signal.
Although the output signal of the first level limiting amplifier 504 is positive signals, yet when the output signal of the first level limiting amplifier is passed through Hi-pass filter, can export negative signal.At this moment, OP amplifier 194 is also carried out the amplifieroperation of negative signal.The magnification of negative signal is by deciding from resistance R 191 and the observed impedance of non-inverting input.
Electric capacity can be used for replacing resistance R 191.Under the situation of using electric capacity, can use the second level limiting amplifier to remove noise.
Figure 20 a shows from the example of the arc signal waveform of second level limiting amplifier output, Figure 20 b shows from the example of the dimmer signal waveform of second level limiting amplifier output, the example of the signal waveform that Figure 20 c takes place when showing from the starting electrical equipment of second level limiting amplifier output, Figure 20 d shows from the example of the normal signal waveform of second level limiting amplifier output.
Shown in Figure 20 a to Figure 20 d, all use the second level limiting amplifier to amplify from the positive signal and the negative signal of the output signal of Hi-pass filter.And by twice amplification, the difference in magnitude between main signal and the sub signal reduces.Therefore, can be clear that more that it is high-frequency signal that arc signal is compared with other signals.
Figure 21 shows the circuit structure diagram of signal level detecter according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 21, signal level detecter according to an embodiment of the invention can comprise 3 transistor Q210, Q211 and Q212.The output signal of the second level limiting amplifier is imported into the base terminal of transistor Q210.Circuit shown in Figure 21 is a common emitter circuit, and wherein the emitter of transistor Q210 and Q211 links together, and first reference voltage signal is input to the base terminal of transistor Q210.
If the output signal level of the second level limiting amplifier is higher than first reference voltage, then the base voltage of transistor Q210 is higher than emitter voltage, makes transistor Q212 conducting.When transistor Q210 conducting, the output signal of transistor Q210 is imported into the base stage of transistor Q212.When this output signal is imported into the base stage of transistor Q212, transistor Q212 conducting, and the collector of transistor Q212 produces detection signal.If the output signal level of the second level limiting amplifier is lower than first reference voltage, then because the base voltage of transistor Q210 is not higher than its emitter voltage, thereby not conducting of transistor Q212, and the collector of transistor Q212 output detection signal not.
Figure 22 shows the circuit structure diagram of the signal transducer of pulse producer according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 22, signal transducer according to an embodiment of the invention can comprise 3 transistor Q220, Q221 and Q212.
Circuit shown in Figure 22 is connected with signal level detecter, and by judging whether detection signal surpasses predetermined reference voltage and survey detection signal.Detection signal is imported into the base terminal of transistor Q220, and reference voltage is imported into the base terminal of transistor Q221, and the emitter of two transistor Q220 and Q221 links together.If be input to the signal of the base terminal of transistor Q220 is normal detection signal, and then its output level is higher than the output level of reference voltage.Therefore, when input during normal detection signal, the base voltage of transistor Q220 is higher than its emitter voltage, makes transistor Q220 conducting.
When transistor Q220 conducting, the output signal of transistor Q220 is imported into the base stage of transistor Q222.When this output signal is imported into the base stage of transistor Q222, transistor Q222 conducting, and the output signal of transistor Q222 output detectable signal.
Figure 23 shows the charger of pulse producer according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention and the circuit structure diagram of comparer.
When signal transducer output detectable signal, the capacitor C 231 of charger is charged by bias voltage Vcc1.Charging voltage in the capacitor C 231 is imported into the base stage of transistor 232, and second reference voltage is imported into the base stage of transistor Q233.
When the voltage that charges in capacitor C 231 surpasses second reference voltage, transistor Q232 conducting.When transistor Q232 conducting, the output signal of transistor Q232 is imported into the base stage of transistor Q234, transistor Q234 conducting.When transistor Q234 conducting, the collector of transistor Q234 produces charging completion signal, and this charging completion signal is imported into signal delay unit 1108.
Figure 24 shows the circuit structure diagram of the signal delay unit of pulse producer according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In Figure 24, be imported into the base stage of transistor Q240 from the detectable signal of signal transducer 1100 outputs.When detectable signal is imported into the base stage of transistor Q240, transistor Q240 conducting.When transistor Q240 conducting, transistor Q241 ends, so transistor Q242 conducting.
As shown in figure 24, the collector of transistor Q242 is connected with the base stage of transistor Q241 by resistance R 245.That is, the output terminal of transistor Q242 is connected with the input end of transistor Q241 once more.Therefore, in case exported detectable signal and transistor Q242 conducting, transistor Q242 just continues to produce the output of high state.
Behind the output detectable signal, because comparer 1104 just produces charging completion signal every regular time, thereby transistor Q242 always produces the pulse with fixed width and amplitude.Be imported into electric arc identifying unit 512 from the pulse signal of transistor Q242 output.When from comparer 1104 input charging completion signals, transistor Q244 conducting, and the collector of transistor Q244 is connected with the electric capacity of charger 1102.Therefore, when transistor Q244 conducting, the capacity earth of charger 1102 and discharge.Therefore, when charging was finished, the charging voltage of charger was released once more.When exporting new detectable signal, comparer produces charging completion signal every regular time.
Figure 25 shows the circuit structure diagram of the first electric arc identifying unit according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
In Figure 25, counter 1200 is made up of resistance R 250 and capacitor C 251, and comparer 1204 is made up of 3 transistor Q252, Q253 and Q254.Be imported into capacitor C 251 from the pulse signal of pulse producer output by resistance R 250,251 pairs of output pulse signals of capacitor C carry out integration.As mentioned above, taking place under the situation of electric arc since with the situation of using light modulator or starting electrical equipment specific output higher frequency signal mutually, thereby export more multiple-pulse, and in capacitor C 251, accumulated higher voltage from pulse producer.The voltage of accumulation is imported into transistor Q252 in capacitor C 251, and imports the 3rd reference voltage to the base stage of transistor Q253.
If the voltage that charges in capacitor C 253 surpasses the 3rd reference voltage, the output signal of then transistor Q252 conducting, and transistor Q252 is imported into transistor Q254.When the output signal of transistor Q252 is imported into the base stage of transistor Q254, transistor Q254 conducting, and the collector of transistor Q254 is exported second arc detection signal.This arc detection signal is imported into isolating switch 514, and isolating switch 514 stops to transmit electric power from power supply to load by cutting off phase conductor.
Figure 27 a shows the figure of the signal waveform of integration in counter is taking place under the situation of electric arc, Figure 27 b shows and is using under the situation of light modulator the figure of the signal waveform of integration in counter, Figure 27 c shows under the situation of starting electrical equipment the figure of the signal waveform of integration in counter, and Figure 27 d shows under normal condition the figure of the signal waveform of integration in counter.
Shown in Figure 27 a to Figure 27 d, can determine, during the signal that when electric arc rather than dimmer signal and starting electrical equipment take place, takes place, in counter, accumulated higher voltage.
Figure 26 shows the structural drawing of the second electric arc identifying unit according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 26, the second electric arc identifying unit according to an embodiment of the invention can comprise: integrator 260, comparer 262 and the 4th pedestal generator 264.
The second electric arc identifying unit is used to detect electric arc in parallel, and this parallel connection electric arc is to contact with lead when metal material, for example, and generation when hammering into nail in the wall that inside has lead.This arc signal in parallel is instantaneous generation, and produces the signal of very high amplitude.
Therefore, judge that whether instantaneous electric arc takes place is not to become to assign to carry out by analysis frequency with the same in above-mentioned normal arc, but undertaken by the analytic signal amplitude.
In Figure 26, integrator 260 is used for the signal from 506 outputs of the second level limiting amplifier is carried out integration.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, integrator can with the counter of the second electric arc identifying unit in the same, the integrating circuit that use is made up of resistance and electric capacity is implemented, and preferably only at short notice signal is carried out integration by the RC constant value that reduces integrator.
The 4th pedestal generator 264 is being used for determining that the reference voltage of instantaneous voltage offers comparer.Voltages that provide from the 4th pedestal generator and the voltage of integration integrator 260 are provided for comparer 262, and export first arc detection signal when integral voltage is higher than voltage from the 4th pedestal generator.Because it is similar that the circuit of integrator 260 and comparer 262 constitutes with the counter and the comparer of the second electric arc identifying unit, thereby omit its detailed description.
Figure 28 shows the block scheme of the arc fault detection equipment of a third embodiment in accordance with the invention.With reference to Figure 28, this equipment comprises: electric arc identifying unit 715 is used for judging whether from the phase conductor 418 detected arc signals that connect power supply and the circuit of load be to be harmful to arc signal; Neutral line detecting device 700 is used for cutting off the neutral line 414 and phase conductor 416 according to the state-detection result of the neutral line that electric power is provided by power end and the control of electric arc identifying unit 715; First current detector 701 is used to detect the RF electric current of phase conductor 418 of flowing through; First arc detector 710 is used to amplify the weak RF signal from 701 outputs of first current detector, and removes useless RF signal, to detect arc signal and the arc signal that is detected is outputed to electric arc identifying unit 715; Second current detector 702 is used to detect the variation of electric current of phase conductor 418 of flowing through, and produces and this electrorheological changes into the signal of ratio; Second arc detector 730, the output signal that is used to amplify second current detector 702, and by high freguency bandpass filter (HPF) detection arc signal; And controller 720, be used for controlling first arc detector 710 according to the output signal of second current detector 702, remove the level of the garbage signal and the input signal of decaying, offer electric arc identifying unit 715 with the signal level after the decay, and the output signal of second arc detector 730 of decaying.
Controller 720 comprises: the 4th amplifier 721 is used for the output signal of second current detector is amplified to predetermined level; First DC converter 722 is used for the output signal of the 4th amplifier 721 is transformed into direct current signal; First comparer 723 is used for the output direct current signal and the reference signal of first DC converter 722 are compared, and controls the operation of the 3rd amplifier 714 of first arc detector 710 according to comparative result; Second comparer 724 is used for the output direct current signal of first DC converter 722 and predetermined level signal are compared, and definite surge/impact signal (surge/inrush signal); First level attenuator 725 is used for removing useless signal from the output signal of second comparer 724, and outputs to electric arc identifying unit 715 having removed garbage signal signal afterwards; The 3rd comparer 726 is used for the output direct current signal and the prearranged signals of first DC converter 722 are compared, and judges whether there is load; Second level attenuator 727, output signal by the 3rd comparer 726 drives, being used for decaying when having load is input to the signal level of electric arc identifying unit 715, and is input to the signal level of electric arc identifying unit 715 when decaying when the 13rd wave filter 735 of second arc detector 730 has been exported signal; And bias resistance 728, be used to prevent that the voltage of second level attenuator 727 from descending.
Below, with reference to Figure 28 and Figure 29 the operation of the equipment of the above-mentioned formation of a third embodiment in accordance with the invention is described.
At first, from the electric current of flow through the neutral line between power supply and the load and phase conductor, detect arc signal, judge that then the arc signal that is detected is harmful arc signal or the normal arc signal that produces in such as the such normal running of the energising/outage of electric device.
With reference to Figure 28, when the neutral line 414 disconnects, the supply voltage operation irregularity.Therefore, whether neutral line detecting device 700 detection neutral line 414 before detecting electric current disconnects.In other words since when the neutral line disconnects the circuit cisco unity malfunction, thereby the solenoid (not shown) that is used to cut off electric power do not work, the warning generating means is not worked, and switch is disconnected.If solenoid is not worked, then magnet is not worked, so circuit working is undesired.
Therefore, when the neutral line 414 disconnects or cut off the power supply supply of phase conductor 416 by the control of electric arc identifying unit 715.
First current detector 701 detects the RF arc signal of the phase conductor 418 of flowing through.First current detector 701 adopts parallel way to detect electric current.
Amplify and filtering by first arc detector 710 by first current detector, 701 detected weak RF arc signals, and output to electric arc identifying unit 715.When being judged to be detected arc signal is when being harmful to arc signal, and electric arc identifying unit 715 function circuit cutting unit (not shown) are to stop the harmful arc signal of input.
The electric current that second current detector 702 detects the phase conductor 418 of flowing through changes, and the output current detection signal.
The 11st wave filter 731 is transformed into the output signal of second current detector 702 and is used to judge the signal that whether produces electric arc.In other words, 731 pairs of current detection signals of the 11st wave filter carry out rectification, and the restricting signal level is removed low frequency (being normal mains frequency), and only pass through and output RF signal.
The 11st amplifier 732 is amplified to predetermined level to the weak output RF signal of wave filter 731.
The output RF signal of 733 pairs the 11st amplifiers 732 of the 12nd wave filter carries out high-pass filtering, thereby eliminates the noise that comprises in the output RF of the 11st amplifier 732 signal.
The signal level that the 12nd amplifier 734 has been decayed by the 12nd wave filter 733 time is amplified to predetermined level.
At last, the 13rd wave filter 735 is once more to carrying out filtering through the 12nd amplifier 734 amplifying signals, thereby eliminates noise, operates second level attenuator 727 then.
In other words, the weak current detection signal of being exported by second current detector 702 amplifies by the 4th amplifier 721, and the current detection signal after the amplification is transformed into D. C. value, is imported into first to the 3rd comparer 723,724 and 726 then.
When the 3rd amplifier 714 has been exported the signal that comprises surge/impact signal, first level attenuator 725 decays to the signal that comprises surge/impact signal according to the compare result signal of second comparer 724.
When the 13rd wave filter 730 has been exported the signal that comprises surge/impact signal, 725 pairs of signals that comprise surge/impact signal of first level attenuator are decayed.
The 3rd comparer 726 compares the reference signal of the output signal of first DC converter 722 and setting, judges whether to have load, and the output comparative result.
Second level attenuator 727 is by the control of the 3rd comparer 726, and the incoming level of electric arc identifying unit 715 decayed when having load in line of electric force.And the output signal (non-loaded) of the 13rd wave filter 735 of 727 pairs second arc detectors 730 of second level attenuator decays.
Figure 29 is the block scheme of the arc fault detection equipment of a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention.With reference to Figure 29, this equipment comprises: electric arc identifying unit 715 is used for judging whether the arc signal that detects from the phase conductor 418 that connects power supply and the circuit of load is to be harmful to arc signal; Neutral line detecting device 700 is used for cutting off the neutral line 414 and phase conductor 416 according to the state-detection result of the neutral line that electric power is provided by power end and the control of electric arc identifying unit 715; The 3rd current detector 703 is used to detect the flow through electric current of phase conductor 418 and changes, and produces and this electrorheological changes into the signal of ratio; The the 21st and the 22nd amplifier and the 21st and the 22nd wave filter 741 to 744 are used for the output signal of the 3rd current detector 703 is amplified and filtering, and the signal after amplification and the filtering is outputed to electric arc identifying unit 715; First level limiter 751 is opened or closed by the output signal of the predetermined level of the 3rd current detector 703, is used to open or close electric arc identifying unit 715; Mistake is prevented stop element 753, is used for when having imported the output signal of predetermined level, to electric arc identifying unit 715 output reset signals; Second DC converter 761 is used for the output signal of the 3rd current detector 703 is transformed into direct current signal; And the 4th comparer 762, be used for opening or closing electric arc identifying unit 715 or it being resetted according to the output signal of second DC converter 761.
Below, with reference to Figure 29 the operation of the equipment of the above-mentioned formation of a fourth embodiment in accordance with the invention is described.
The same with second current detector 702 shown in Figure 28, the electric current that the 3rd current detector 703 detects the phase conductor 418 of flowing through changes and the output current detection signal.
Current detection signal by 703 outputs of the 3rd current detector amplifies and filtering by the 21st amplifier the 741, the 21st wave filter the 742, the 22nd amplifier 743 and the 22nd wave filter 744, is output to electric arc identifying unit 715 then.
First and second level limiters 751 and 752 each can be Zener diode, and after the output detection signal of the 3rd current detector 703 is by rectification, the current detection signal of the predetermined level with setting is passed through.
The output signal of first level limiter 751 is operated second level limiter 752 and wrong anti-stop element 753.
The output signal of second level limiter 752 is imported into the comparer of electric arc identifying unit 715.In other words, if second level limiter 752 is opened, then the reference signal of comparer changes with respect to prearranged signals, thereby opens or closes electric arc identifying unit 715.
Input signal to the anti-stop element 753 of mistake carries out charge or discharge, thereby to electric arc identifying unit 715 input DC converting signals.
Simultaneously, the output current detection signal of the 3rd current detector 703 is transformed into direct current signal by second DC converter 761, is imported into the 4th comparer 762 then.
The 4th comparer 762 compares input direct current signal and the reference signal that sets, and compare result signal is input to electric arc identifying unit 715 as reference value control signal or reset signal.
As mentioned above, according to arc fault detection equipment,,, thereby have and to judge the advantage whether electric arc takes place by the frequecy characteristic of grasping detection signal even less relatively signal also can detect by amplifying detected signal.In addition, owing to judge by removing the noise contribution that when the signal to active equipment output amplifies, takes place whether electric arc takes place, thereby have the advantage of the mistake of can preventing in advance.
Claims (16)
1. equipment that is used for detecting the arc fault of the circuit lead that connects power supply and load, this equipment comprises:
Current detector is used to detect the variable quantity of the electric current that flows on lead, and generates the signal that is directly proportional with this variable quantity;
Signal converter is used to make the radio-frequency component of the signal of current detector output to pass through, and limits the level of this signal, to be no more than fixing signal level;
The first level limiting amplifier is used to amplify the signal from signal converter output, to limit this output signal level;
Signal level detecter is used to judge whether input signal surpasses the first fixing voltage, and generates detection signal;
Pulse producer is used for the form that a detection signal from signal level detecter output is transformed into the normalization pulse;
The first electric arc identifying unit is used at the fixed time the pulse signal of exporting from pulse producer being counted, and judges whether electric arc has taken place, and generates arc detection signal; And
Isolating switch is used for break line when having generated arc detection signal.
2. equipment according to claim 1, wherein, described signal converter comprises:
Rectifier is used for the AC signal from current detector output is rectified into direct current signal;
Voltage divider is used for the rectified signal of rectifier is distributed according to fixed ratio;
Filtering/delay cell is used to make from the radio-frequency component of the signal of voltage divider output and passes through, and makes this signal delay;
Level limiter is used to limit the signal from filtering/delay cell output, to be no more than predetermined level; And
Wave filter is used for making the radio-frequency component of the output signal of level limiter to pass through.
3. equipment according to claim 1 also comprises:
Hi-pass filter is used for removing low-frequency component from the output signal of the first level limiting amplifier;
The second level limiting amplifier, the output signal that is used to amplify Hi-pass filter is to limit this output signal level; And
The second electric arc identifying unit is used for the output signal of the second level limiting amplifier is carried out integration, and judges whether electric arc has taken place.
4. equipment according to claim 1, wherein, described signal level detecter comprises:
First pedestal generator is used to generate and the fixing corresponding voltage of first reference voltage level; And
Comparer is used for the output signal of the second level limiting amplifier and first reference voltage are compared, and generates detection signal.
5. equipment according to claim 1, wherein, described pulse producer comprises:
Signal detector is used for judging whether exported detection signal, and the output detectable signal;
Charger is used for beginning charging when having exported detectable signal;
Second pedestal generator is used for finishing voltage at the charging voltage generation charging of charger;
Comparer, the voltage that is used for charging is finished voltage and charger compares, and generates charging completion signal; And
Signal delay unit is used for making signal delay when signal detector has been exported detectable signal, and when comparer has generated charging completion signal, postpones the back in stop signal and generate the normalization pulse signal.
6. equipment according to claim 1, wherein, described electric arc identifying unit comprises:
Counter is used for counting from the normalization pulse signal of pulse producer output;
The 3rd pedestal generator is used to generate and the fixing corresponding voltage of the 3rd reference voltage; And
Comparer is used for handle and wants the signal level of integration and the 3rd reference voltage to compare, and generate first arc detection signal in counter.
7. equipment according to claim 2, wherein, described level limiter comprises Zener diode, is used for the output signal of filtering/delay cell is limited in one below the fixed signal.
8. equipment according to claim 3, wherein, the described second level limiting amplifier comprises:
The OP amplifier is used for the output signal by its non-inverting input input Hi-pass filter;
First resistance is connected between Hi-pass filter and the OP amplifier's non-inverting;
Second resistance is connected between the output terminal and OP amplifier's non-inverting of OP amplifier;
The 3rd resistance is connected between the output terminal and OP amplifier's inverting input of OP amplifier; And
The 4th resistance is connected between OP amplifier's inverting input and the ground.
9. one kind is used for detecting the arc signal of the circuit lead that connects power supply and load and judges whether the arc signal that is detected is the equipment of harmful arc signal, and this equipment comprises:
First current detector is used to detect the RF electric current of phase conductor of flowing through;
First arc detector is used to amplify from the weak RF signal of first current detector output and removes useless RF signal, to detect arc signal and detected arc signal is exported to the electric arc identifying unit;
Second current detector is used to detect the flow through electric current of phase conductor and changes, and generates and this electrorheological changes into the signal of direct ratio;
Second arc detector, the output signal that is used to amplify second current detector, and detect arc signal by high freguency bandpass filter; And
Controller, be used for controlling first arc detector according to the output signal of second current detector, remove garbage signal and incoming signal level is decayed,, and the output signal of second arc detector is decayed so that the signal level after the decay is offered the electric arc identifying unit.
10. equipment according to claim 9, wherein, described first current detector is with the electric current in the parallel way detection phase conductor, and second current detector detects electric current with series system.
11. equipment according to claim 9, wherein, described first arc detector comprises:
First amplifier is used to amplify the weak RF signal from the output of first current detector;
First wave filter is used for the output signal of first amplifier is carried out filtering; And
The second and the 3rd amplifier is used for that the output signal of first wave filter is carried out two-stage and amplifies, and the signal after the two-stage amplification is exported to the electric arc identifying unit.
12. equipment according to claim 9, wherein, described second arc detector comprises:
The 11st wave filter is used to make the RF composition of the output signal of second current detector to pass through, with the restriction received signal level;
The 11st amplifier, the output signal level that is used to limit and amplify the 11st wave filter;
The 12nd wave filter is used for the output signal of the 11st amplifier is carried out high-pass filtering;
The 12nd amplifier, the RF signal that has been used for decaying by the 12nd wave filter the time is amplified to predetermined level; And
The 13rd wave filter is used for removing noise from the output RF signal of the 12nd amplifier.
13. equipment according to claim 9, wherein, described controller comprises:
The 4th amplifier is used for the output signal of second current detector is amplified to predetermined level;
First DC converter is used for the output signal of the 4th amplifier is transformed into direct current signal;
First comparer is used for the output direct current signal and the reference signal of first DC converter are compared, and controls the operation of the 3rd amplifier of first arc detector according to comparative result;
Second comparer is used for the output direct current signal of first DC converter and predetermined level signal are compared, and definite surge/impact signal;
First level attenuator is used for removing garbage signal from the output signal of second comparer, and the signal of having removed garbage signal is exported to the electric arc identifying unit;
The 3rd comparer is used for the output direct current signal and the prearranged signals of first DC converter are compared, and judges whether there is load;
Second level attenuator, output signal by the 3rd comparer drives, be used for when having load the signal level that decay is input to the electric arc identifying unit, and be input to signal level the electric arc identifying unit in decay when the 13rd wave filter of second arc detector has been exported signal; And
Bias resistance is used to prevent that the voltage of second level attenuator from descending.
14. equipment according to claim 9 also comprises: neutral line detecting device is used for disconnecting the neutral line and phase conductor according to the state-detection result of the neutral line that electric power is provided by power supply and the control of electric arc identifying unit.
15. one kind is used for detecting the arc signal of the circuit lead that connects power supply and load and judges whether the arc signal that is detected is the equipment of harmful arc signal, and this equipment comprises:
The 3rd current detector is used to detect the flow through electric current of phase conductor and changes, and generates and this electrorheological changes into the signal of direct ratio;
The the 21st and the 22nd amplifier and the 21st and the 22nd wave filter are used for the output signal of the 3rd current detector is amplified and filtering, and the electric arc identifying unit is exported in amplification and filtered signal;
First level limiter is opened or closed by the output signal of the predetermined level of the 3rd current detector, is used to open or close the electric arc identifying unit;
Mistake is prevented stop element, is used for when having imported the output signal of predetermined level to electric arc identifying unit output reset signal;
Second DC converter is used for the output signal of the 3rd current detector is transformed into direct current signal; And
The 4th comparer is used for opening or closing the electric arc identifying unit or it being resetted according to the output signal of second DC converter.
16. equipment according to claim 15 also comprises: neutral line detecting device is used for disconnecting the neutral line and phase conductor according to the state-detection result of the neutral line that electric power is provided by power supply and the control of electric arc identifying unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410038188 CN1696723A (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2004-05-14 | Electric arc fault detector |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410038188 CN1696723A (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2004-05-14 | Electric arc fault detector |
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| CN1696723A true CN1696723A (en) | 2005-11-16 |
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| CN101939888A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2011-01-05 | 伊顿公司 | Industrial arc fault circuit interrupter and method of detecting arcing conditions |
| CN102116787A (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2011-07-06 | 河南科技大学 | Device for testing electric arc in high-speed electric sliding contact state |
| CN101696986B (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2012-06-13 | 吴为麟 | Fault arc detection method and protection device adopting same |
| CN101573847B (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2013-04-24 | 西门子工业公司 | Systems and methods for arc fault detection |
| CN103163353A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-19 | 沈阳工业大学 | Electric arc failure detection method based on current waveform phase space reconstruction and fractal theory |
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| CN101573847B (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2013-04-24 | 西门子工业公司 | Systems and methods for arc fault detection |
| CN101939888B (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2013-05-22 | 伊顿公司 | Industrial arc fault circuit interrupter and method of detecting arcing conditions |
| CN101939888A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2011-01-05 | 伊顿公司 | Industrial arc fault circuit interrupter and method of detecting arcing conditions |
| CN101696986B (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2012-06-13 | 吴为麟 | Fault arc detection method and protection device adopting same |
| CN102116787A (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2011-07-06 | 河南科技大学 | Device for testing electric arc in high-speed electric sliding contact state |
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| US9551751B2 (en) | 2011-06-15 | 2017-01-24 | Ul Llc | High speed controllable load |
| CN103163353A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-19 | 沈阳工业大学 | Electric arc failure detection method based on current waveform phase space reconstruction and fractal theory |
| CN103163353B (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2015-06-24 | 沈阳工业大学 | Electric arc failure detection method based on current waveform phase space reconstruction and fractal theory |
| CN104854464A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-08-19 | 伊顿工业（奥地利）有限公司 | Arrangement for detecting arcs in an electric installation arrangement |
| CN104049183A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-17 | 森萨塔科技麻省公司 | Home run arc detection at the photovoltaic string level using multiple current sensors |
| CN104049183B (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | 森萨塔科技公司 | Use the straight-through arc-detection of the photovoltaic string level of multiple current sensors |
| CN105474494A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2016-04-06 | 三菱电机株式会社 | DC power generation system and protection method for DC power generation system |
| CN105474494B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2017-10-03 | 三菱电机株式会社 | The guard method of DC power generation system and DC power generation system |
| CN105334425A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-02-17 | 益而益(集团)有限公司 | Arc fault detection apparatus |
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| CN107703426A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-02-16 | 北京腾控科技有限公司 | A kind of fault arc detection method detected by electric arc pulse signal starting |
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| CN110045252A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-07-23 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of series direct current arc method for measuring integrated using spectrum energy |
| CN110045252B (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2020-11-10 | 西安交通大学 | Series direct current arc detection method utilizing frequency spectrum energy integration |
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