CN1701563A - 扩展了客户移动自由度的无线局域网 - Google Patents

扩展了客户移动自由度的无线局域网 Download PDF

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CN1701563A
CN1701563A CNA038211823A CN03821182A CN1701563A CN 1701563 A CN1701563 A CN 1701563A CN A038211823 A CNA038211823 A CN A038211823A CN 03821182 A CN03821182 A CN 03821182A CN 1701563 A CN1701563 A CN 1701563A
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CN100366009C (zh
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M·G·埃格林
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Siemens AG
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4641Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16HHEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H50/00ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
    • G16H50/30ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16HHEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H50/00ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
    • G16H50/70ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for mining of medical data, e.g. analysing previous cases of other patients
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16HHEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H70/00ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of medical references
    • G16H70/60ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of medical references relating to pathologies
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2854Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
    • H04L12/2856Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46Interconnection of networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4633Interconnection of networks using encapsulation techniques, e.g. tunneling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00Network topologies
    • H04W84/02Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/12Access point controller devices

Abstract

本发明公开了一种无线虚拟局域网(VLAN)和一种经可独立于无线VLAN的第二网络选择性地连接到无线VLAN的装置。该装置能够至少连接到该无线VLAN并可连接到第二无线网络。无线VLAN接入点各自连接到以太网汇聚交换机,该交换机可感知VLAN,并将来自连接接入点的客户业务与接入VLAN相匹配。无线VLAN交换机维护接入VLAN与核心VLAN之间的关联表。第二无线网络可经因特网或专用网络远程连接到隧道端点。隧道端点连接到VLAN交换机,该交换机使用关联表管理连接装置与接入VLAN和适当核心VLAN上其它移动台之间自由形式的客户业务。

Description

扩展了客户移动自由度的无线局域网
发明背景
发明领域
本发明涉及无线局域网(WLAN),更具体地说,涉及具有连接无线通信装置的WLAN。
背景描述
电气及电子工程师协会(IEEE)无线协议指定的802.11b是一种以太网局域网(LAN)变体。以太网技术在适应新要求方面展示了令人惊奇的能力,可从简单的10Mbps总线发展到千兆位全双工交换网络和无线LAN。以太网已为人们所熟知,在降低成本和以太网装置集成方面存在大量经验。一些流行的以太网接口卡(10BaseT)零售价不到10美元。802.11b无线LAN(WLAN)卡技术受同样规模经济的影响,价格跌到不足其最近原始价格的30%。鉴于其过去的记录,以太网是一种低风险、可扩展的技术,适用于例如解决广域移动性方面的问题。
因此,WLAN技术已被描述为一种突破性技术。换而言之,WALN技术可改变范例并导致无法预期和不可预测的市场发展。过去的突破性技术示例如电话、个人计算机(PC)和因特网。今天,WLAN无处不在,为家庭和办公室网络提供廉价的解决方案。然而,目前WLAN技术存在三种主要限制:速度、范围和安全。
802.11b标准支持的速度最高为11Mbs。然而,802.11a和802.11g有望能提供高得多的速度。虽然范围一般限制在大约户外50米,但测试显示,通过使用定向天线范围能力最远可达20英里。扩展无线基站覆盖范围的工作仍在继续。用于无线网络的有线等效保密(WEP)已证实不如预期的安全。WEP的安全限制现在已为人们所熟知,并且增强这些协议以提高无线接口安全的工作在进行中。
IEEE 802.1Q虚拟LAN(VLAN)协议定义了VLAN桥的互操作性。802.1Q允许在桥接的LAN基础设施内定义、操作和管理VLAN拓朴,这样,所有类型的LAN可通过媒体接入控制(MAC)桥接连接在一起。
在此之前,这些以太网LAN变体的设计已相当严密。在附加或连接后,装置便可与其它附加的装置自由通信。然而,如果发送请求后在收到响应前丢失连接,则响应会丢失。一旦重新连接,而无论是否连接到相同或不同的端口,在响应到达前,响应便已丢失,因而要再发送请求。这种情况对最新VLAN仍是如此,甚至对以无线方式连接到此类VLAN的装置也是如此。因此,如果通过接入点连接到VLAN的无线装置离开接入点的接收区域,它必须重新建立通信。即使它从未离开整个LAN接收区域,即所有连接的接入点覆盖的区域,并且即使它保留在另一连接的接入点的接收区域中,也是这种情况。
在无线LAN覆盖区域外,无线装置必须发现以有线(例如,通过调制解调器)或无线方式连接的其它方式。在不易于提供接入点时,其它无线技术,特别是无线蜂窝电话技术提供了合适程度不同的连接(即使费用高)。在无线通信技术朝下一代更高速通信发展时,可能可以接受此类型备用连接的性能,但预计成本仍是专门使用它的一个障碍。因此,无线LAN连接将仍是较好的选择。
此外,在蜂窝(或其它无线通信技术)与较低成本无线LAN连接之间进行手动切换破坏性很大。因此,要在可能提供或可能不提供无线LAN连接的区域之间移动的用户必须忍受连接中断,或支付额外费用以连接到另一无线服务以保持恒定的连接。
因此,需要一种无线LAN,其中以无线方式连接的装置可自由漫游,并仍可保持到无线网络的连接,并且通过使用第二网络,甚至可以保持在无线LAN范围外的连接。
发明概述
本发明的目的是提高无线网络上用户的移动性;
本发明的另一目的是扩展无线装置网络连接可用性;
本发明的另一目的是允许网络客户自由地以无线方式连接到网络,以便在当前连接的接入点范围外漫游,同时经第二网络保持网络连接。
本发明涉及无线虚拟局域网(VLAN)和直接或间接经可独立于无线VLAN的第二无线网络选择性地连接到无线VLAN的装置。该装置包括至少两个无线网络连接功能,一个功能用于连接到VLAN,另一功能用于连接到第二无线网络。无线VLAN可包括多个无线接入点,每个接入点连接到以太网汇聚交换机。每个以太网汇聚交换机可感知VLAN,并将来自连接接入点的客户业务与接入VLAN相匹配。无线VLAN交换机维护接入VLAN与核心VLAN之间的关联表。第二无线网络可经因特网或专用网远程连接到隧道端点。隧道端点连接到VLAN交换机,该交换机使用关联表管理在连接装置与接入VLAN和适当核心VLAN上其它移动台之间自由形式的客户业务。
附图简述
结合附图,通过以下本发明优选实施例的详细说明可更好地理解上述和其它目的、方面和优点,其中:
图1显示了自由形式的虚拟局域网(FLAN)的示例;
图2A显示了能够在各AP覆盖区域所述覆盖区域外保持连接的优选实施例扩展FLAN和移动台(MS)的示例;
图2B说明MS以隧道方式通过第二无线网络以保持与FLAN连接;
图3A-B显示了FLAN交换机对接入端口上的下游分组以及对核心端口上的上游分组进行处理的流程图;
图4是以太网汇聚交换机的VLAN配置示例;
图5显示了用默认关系预编程的优选FLAN交换机如何与VLAN端口相关的示例;
图6显示了核心VLAN如何映射到逻辑接口的示例。
优选实施例的说明
图1显示了自由形式的虚拟局域网(FLAN)100的示例,该局域网具有如2002年5月8日提交的、授予Matthew G.Eglin的题为“允许无线客户自由移动的局域网(LOCAL AREA NETWORK WITHWIRELESS CLIENT FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT)”的美国专利申请No.10/140629所述的无线接入功能,该专利转让给本发明的受让人。无线客户/移动台连接到FLAN 100,并且在连接后便可在无线覆盖区域内自由漫游,在漫游时将无线连接从一个接入点无缝交换到另一接入点。对于适当装备的无线客户装置,本发明可将无线客户漫游功能扩展到FLAN无线覆盖区域外。
通常,无线客户装置或移动台(MS)102、104通过无线数据链路连接到多个接入点(AP)106、108、110、112、114、116之一。此类移动台102、104或无线客户装置的示例可包括熟知的个人数字助理(PDA)、蜂窝电话(特别是可访问因特网的蜂窝电话)、笔记本计算机/无线平板、台式计算机或诸如具有带无线通信功能的机载网络的火车等运载装置。假设MS 102、104在AP 106、108、110、112、114或116中至少一个AP的范围内,则到FLAN 100的连接通过该PP 106、108、110、112、114、116。每个AP 106、108、110、112、114、116连接到以太网汇聚交换机118。每个汇聚交换机118汇聚来自连接的AP 106、108、110、112、114、116的所有客户业务,并将其向上游传递到优选自由形式的虚拟网络交换机或FLAN交换机120。可选地,优选实施例网络可包括不止一层的汇聚交换机118和/或FLAN交换机120。
虽然在本示例中未指出,但根据本发明的优选实施例,除WLAN连接功能外,至少一个MS(例如PDA、蜂窝电话、笔记本计算机或无线平板)包括用于连接到另一无线网络的至少一个其它无线通信功能(例如,具有蜂窝电话功能)。因此,无论何时MS偏离无线覆盖区域范围,或相反,MS便会丢失WLAN连接,此另一第二无线功能可通过所述另一无线网络继续保持到FLAN 100的虚连接,从而避免服务中断。所述另一无线通信功能可包括基于全球移动通信系统(GSM)、通用分组无线电业务(GPRS)、第三代(3G)无线技术、码分多址2000(CDMA2000)技术或任何其它适当无线通信技术的通信功能。例如,此类MS 102、104可包括CDMA2000接收机和802.11b以太网适配器。
FLAN交换机120可通过典型的路由器122连接到典型的动态主机配置协议(DHCP)服务器124和公共网络,例如连接到因特网126。为获得可选的安全性,路由器122还通过提供接入控制、网络地址转换(NAT)和防火墙的典型网关128连接外部。每个FLAN交换机120可具有多个VLAN中继接口130、132。连接到汇聚交换机118的FLAN交换机接口130在本文中称为接入端口,并且到达接入端口130的分组是下游分组。连接到路由器122的FLAN交换机接口132在本文中称为核心端口,并且到达核心端口132的分组是上游分组。
可感知VLAN的交换机称为将每个帧与单个VLAN相关联的以太网交换机,例如以太网汇聚交换机118。典型的可感知VLAN的交换机包括关联表,该表中每行包含一个MAC地址、一个VLAN ID和一个端口。因此,可感知VLAN的交换机依据该单个关联的VLAN,将每个帧转发到MAC地址。相反,优选的FLAN交换机120将每个帧与两个VLAN相关联,一个在接入端口130,另一个在核心端口132。为此,每个FLAN交换机120维护一个端口关联表,表中每行包含一个MAC地址、一个接入端口/VLAN对和一个核心端口/VLAN对。此外,汇聚交换机118配置为将每个接入端口静态地映射到其中继端口上的不同VLAN。可选地,每个汇聚交换机118可在分别连接到不同端口的多个AP 106、108、110、112、114、116之间共享VLAN。VLAN共享可能适于将所用VLAN ID的数量降到最少。然而,由于可用VLAN ID(4094)的数量多于任一汇聚交换机118上的端口数量,因此,通常FLAN交换机120可再使用不同汇聚交换机118上的VLAN ID,从而不必共享VLAN ID。
对于FLAN 100,每个AP 106、108、110、112、114、116的发送/接收范围已选定,因此,每个接入点的覆盖范围与其它相邻接入点重叠,从而为预定覆盖区域提供不间断服务。连接的移动台102、104可在不同的接入点接收区之间通过,并且只要它们与至少一个AP106、108、110、112、114、116保持联系,就可保持连接,与FLAN100持续通信。汇聚交换机118在AP 106、108、110、112、114、116与FLAN交换机120之间传递数据,而FLAN交换机120在移动台102、104与例如选定的因特网126地址之间无缝地路由数据。移动台102、104从一个接入点接收区(例如110)移动到另一接收区(例如116)时,来自/去往特定移动台102、104的数据传输在FLAN 100的其余部分上自动地正确进行,无需任何人工干预。因此,MS 102、104可保持连接,直至它离开/移出覆盖区域,即无法联系任一AP106、108、110、112、114或116。根据本发明的配有连接到至少一个其它无线网络功能的移动台可保持此连接,即使它不在FLAN 100的覆盖范围时也是如此。
因此,图2A显示了根据本发明的优选实施例扩展FLAN 300的示例,其中与图1 FLAN 100相同的单元作同样标记。MS 302的连接区域扩展到各AP覆盖区域所述的覆盖区域外。每个MS 302具有至少两个独立的无线通信功能,最好是用于与AP 106、108、110、112、114和116通信的WLAN功能304(例如,通过机载WLAN卡或接口)和到备用连接无线网络308的备用通信协议连接306(例如,通过蜂窝电话模块)。此第二或备用连接无线网络308本身可以是另一WLAN接口,经因特网或专用网310连接到适当的隧道端点312,这提供了跨该特定第二无线网络308的以太网桥。隧道端点312经VLAN中继接口314连接到FLAN交换机120,该接口基本上与接入端口130相同。
在此示例中,MS 302包括WLAN连接功能(例如,802.11b无线以太网)和至少一个备用或第二无线通信功能,例如CDMA2000、GSM、GPRS或3G。应注意的是,虽然图1所示的具有连接至AP 108、110、112、114和116的单一无线功能,而无连接至第二网络的功能的无线客户装置如MS 102、104可以包括在本发明的扩展FLAN 300中,但它们通常不可访问在AP 108、110、112、114、116所提供的覆盖区域外的FLAN 300。此外,只要在范围中,MS 302便可通过AP 108、110、112、114或116与FLAN 300通信,这同样适用于MS102、104。
如图2B所示,只要客户(MS 302)偏离到AP覆盖范围外,或因为任何原因而无法连接到AP 108、110、112、114或116,例如,当接入点载波信号低于选定电平,表示不存在可用的AP 108、110、112、114、116时,MS 302就自动通过第二网络308切换到其备用连接。监视信号强度是众所周知的,显示在大多数商用蜂窝电话上。在MS 302切换连接时,它通过层2隧道320发送分组,该隧道对于FLAN 300似乎是客户的WLAN接口。包含客户WLAN接口(如WLAN卡)的MAC和IP地址的以太网帧或分组经第二网络通过隧道传送到隧道端点312。隧道端点312终止层2隧道320并将来自客户(例如,MS 302)的以太网帧经VLAN中继接口314传递到FLAN交换机120。每个此类连接的MS 302保持此层2隧道320,该隧道经第二网络308将以太网分组传送到隧道端点312,随后传送到FLAN交换机120,从而无缝地保持到FLAN 300的连接。
连接切换到第二网络308时,FLAN交换机120只检测到客户的另一端口变化,一个正常的FLAN移动性事件。因此,切换到第二网络308对于FLAN 300是不可见的。客户移回到连接区域时,它(MS 302)可自动终止层2隧道320并将其连接从第二网络接口,即从306切换到图2A中的304。此切换只需通过恢复WLAN 304上的以太网帧传输便可完成,同样是一个正常的FLAN移动性事件。在客户连接到WLAN时,可以保持但不使用层2隧道,以便在网络需要快速从WLAN将切换到第二网络时使用。
图3A-B分别显示了根据本发明优选实施例,FLAN交换机对接入端口上的下游分组进行处理的流程图140以及对核心端口上的上游分组进行处理的流程图160。在图3A中,在步骤142中,在接入端口接收下游分组。如果下游分组是DHCP请求,则路由器(图1和2A-B中的122)充当DHCP中继代理,并将分组传递到DHCP服务器124。除起普通DHCP服务器的作用外,DHCP服务器124还将地址返回客户,从而对客户(例如MS 102、104和302)进行配置,并切换为传递业务。DHCP服务器124可将客户102、104和302重新分配给与FLAN交换机120指定的默认VLAN不匹配的子网。MS102、104、302被分配给不同于默认子网的子网时,DHCP响应被引导到适当的DHCP中继代理和正确的VLAN上。
因此,接着,在步骤144中,核对端口关联表以判断帧是否包括当前连接的MS 102、104、302的MAC地址。如果分组不是源于当前连接,则在步骤146中,通过输入端口关联表中的源MAC地址、接入端口/VLAN和默认核心端口/VLAN信息来配置新连接。默认核心端口/VLAN与输入接入端口/VLAN相关。在步骤148中,变更适当VLAN的标记以反应下游分组的新默认核心VLAN。随后,在步骤150中,将分组切换到默认核心端口。然而,如果在步骤144中MAC地址被识别为是到当前连接的MS 102、104、302,则在步骤152中,核对端口关联表以判断接入端口/VLAN是否已改变。移动台(例如302)在AP接收区域之间漫游或漫游到覆盖区域然后移出时,例如,漫游出图1所示第一无线接入点110的覆盖区域,随后回到另一无线接入点116的覆盖区域中时,接入端口/VLAN可能改变。如果接入端口/VLAN未变,则继续到步骤148,用适当VLAN标记更新分组,并且在步骤150中切换到所识别的适当核心端口。否则,如果接入端口/VLAN在步骤152中已改变,则在步骤154中更新端口关联表,并在步骤148中改变VLAN标记。随后,在步骤150中,将分组切换到所识别的适当核心端口。
同样地,在图3B的步骤162中,在核心端口上接收分组时,在步骤164中会检查分组帧是否有已知的目的地址。如果上游分组未引导到已知的目的地址,则它不送往任一当前连接的MS(例如102、104或302),并且在步骤166中将分组丢弃。然而,如果帧包括连接MS 102、104或302的目的MAC,则分组要送往已知的目的地址。随后,在步骤168中,根据与该客户最近的通信检查关联表以判断客户关联是否已改变。由于所识别的核心VLAN在DHCP响应中可能已改变,或者由于MS 102、104、302已被分配给不同于其输入端口的默认VLAN外的VLAN,关联表可能已改变。同样地,如果由于故障转移到备用路由器,则VLAN和端口可能均改变。如果客户关联未改变,则在步骤170中,会改变VLAN标记以反应分组正确接入VLAN。如果端口关联已改变,则在步骤172中,在步骤170中改变VLAN标记前更新端口关联表。随后,在步骤174中,将分组切换到其接入端口。
因此,对于来自移动台102、104的FLAN交换机120接入侧接入网层2分组,或来自第二通信网络上MS 302的分组,依据移动台在网络中的物理位置,即用于其连接接入点106、108、110、112、114、116的端口或根据隧道端点312,将分组分配给某个VLAN。依据移动台在网络中的逻辑位置,或等效的移动台的IP子网,将传到移动台的FLAN交换机120核心侧上的分组分配给某个VLAN。
图4是根据本发明优选实施例的以太网汇聚交换机118的VLAN配置示例。最好是,FLAN交换机120有效地连通具有以太网汇聚交换机118的VLAN配置的VLAN中继接口130、路由器122和隧道端点132。在此示例中,将AP 180编成组,并且必要时通过集线器182h、184h连接每个组182、184、186。集线器182h、184h和各AP(即,单个AP组186)连接到以太网汇聚交换机端口188、190、192。这些以太网交换机端口188、190、192中的每个映射到与FLAN接入端口相连的VLAN中继200上的各VLAN 194、196、198。每个AP组182、184、186分别进行映射;在以太网汇聚交换机118内,AP组182、184、186之间无层2连接。
图5显示了用默认关系预先编程的优选FLAN交换机120如何将FLAN交换机120的接入端口212和核心端口214上的VLAN 194、196、198、202、204、206、208、210相关联的示例。默认关联表216提供默认VLAN对及FLAN交换机120的固定核心VLAN分配。接入特殊网络的装置或需要固定IP地址的装置由关联表中的MAC地址指定。这些关系可存储在明文配置文件中,并使用任一合适的文本编辑器修改。
在此示例中,FLAN交换机120知道具有MAC地址ABC、XYZ和456的三个移动台均在端口6上,如关联表218中所示。VLAN ID号(例如1、2、3、4、21、22、23、24)是唯一的,但端口/VLAN元组识别分组的源和目的地。因此,可对所有接口自由地重用VLANID号。在此示例中,装置ABC和456在默认关联表216所示的其默认VLAN关联中。与此相反,装置XYZ不在端口6的默认VLAN关联中,其关联实际上将它连接到VLAN 204。因此,对于此示例,装置XYZ可能已从第二无线网络移回到接入点的范围中。
图6显示了将核心VLAN(例如图5的204、206、208、210)映射到路由器122上的逻辑接口220、222、224、226的示例。在此示例中,每个逻辑接口220、222、224、226配置为提供DHCP中继;DHCP服务器使用中继代理IP地址(即,DHCP消息正文中的giaddr字段)确定适当的IP子网。路由器122内分别对应于不同输入VLAN220、222、224、226的不同子接口可利用不同规则,例如因特网接入规则来进行配置。例如,可将管理用户分配给分设的管理VLAN,该管理VLAN可访问一般用户不可用的服务器。可修改DHCP服务器以在不同VLAN上响应,从而允许DHCP服务器控制FLAN交换机核心侧上的VLAN分配。
因此,例如,通过在因特网与企业FLAN(corporate FLAN)之间包括隧道端点,适当装备的无线客户装置可保持到企业FLAN的连接,而无论是在校园内外。具有802.11b接口和GPRS接口两者的笔记本计算机可在校园内连接到企业802.11b网络并在校外时通过其GPRS装置继续连接。相反,笔记本计算机可以通过其GPRS装置在校外加入网络,并在校园内从公用网络无缝地切换到802.11b网络。
同样地,基于因特网协议(IP)的企业专用交换机(PBX)可通过应用本发明而扩展用于无线电台,例如,用于具有WLAN和3G、GPRS或CDMA功能的无线电话。在此类无线电话上可在PBX网络内发起呼叫,并且呼叫可通过第二网络在WLAN接收区外继续。即使在WLAN接收区外,明显的PBX呼叫也可经第二网络发起,并且,在呼叫方返回WLAN接收区时,呼叫可继续并通过WLAN作为网络PBX呼叫完成。具体地说,使用下一代网络(NGN)无线移动性,更具体地说采用NGN IP话音(VoIP)网络,则NGN核心包括隧道端点。因此,此类NGN核心能够支持MS从第二网络开始的连接。
同样地,例如,通过在单个设备中提供VoIP网关和因特网连接,几乎可在任意地方实现本发明的优点,例如,在个人家庭中。具体地说,家庭用户可在家中和室外使用单个适当装备的蜂窝电话,在可能时经因特网以低成本连接,否则只在需要时使用成本高的蜂窝电话通话。
有利的是,本发明扩展了大型自由形式无线数据网络,即FLAN的覆盖范围,FLAN允许如2002年5月8日提交的、授予MatthewG.Eglin的题为“允许无线客户自由移动的局域网(LOCAL AREANETWORK WITH WIRELESS CLIENT FREEDOM OFMOVEMENT)”的美国专利申请No.10/140629所述的终端用户移动性,该专利转让给本发明的受让人。通过将现有技术的隧道端点与Eglin FLAN包括在一起,客户可以连接到建立在例如机场、咖啡店、密集市区中和火车与公共汽车上的FLAN;并且可以在不丢失该连接的情况下离开并返回原连接位置。此外,本发明利用工业标准的无线通信技术,例如GSM、GPRS、3G、802.11b和802.11a扩展了自由形式的无线接入。通过组合可用的无线接入技术,例如,将膝上型计算机与蜂窝电话功能或无线调制解调器与802.11b卡相组合,使客户能够使用因特网协议(IP)连接到FLAN而不用考虑位置是否在办公室、家中或正乘火车在国内旅行。因此,本发明扩展了FLAN,提供了一种简单且易于管理的网络,其中现有的客户装置可自由地“四处”移动,超出FLAN AP接收区范围。此外,如果需要,可包括授权和记帐(AAA)及其它无线安全功能,如同任何其它现有技术网络一样。
本发明通过层2以太网网络将无线接入点和备用网络互连而提供所有这些优点。通过IEEE 802.1Q虚拟LAN(VLAN)的优选应用,有效地将网络分成许多更小的网络,避免与广播业务和生成树(spanning tree)相关的问题,从而避免了此类网络通常存在的扩展性问题。
虽然就优选实施例对本发明进行了描述,但本领域的技术人员将认识到,可在所附权利要求书的精神和范围内对本发明进行修改而实施本发明。

Claims (24)

1.一种具有无线接入功能的网络,它包括:
多个无线接入点;
至少一个以太网汇聚交换机,所述多个接入点中的接入点连接到每个所述至少一个以太网汇聚交换机,每个所述以太网汇聚交换机可感知虚拟LAN(VLAN)并将来自连接的所述接入点的客户业务与接入VLAN匹配;
自由形式的虚拟网络交换机,其在每个所述连接的以太网汇聚交换机上的所述接入VLAN与适当的核心VLAN之间传递客户业务;以及
至少一个隧道端点,其将其它无线网络连接到所述自由形式的虚拟网络交换机。
2.如权利要求1所述的网络,所述自由形式的虚拟网络交换机维护所述接入VLAN与所述核心VLAN之间的关联表。
3.如权利要求1所述的网络,其特征在于还包括:
可以无线方式连接到所述多个接入点和所述其它无线网络的至少一个移动台,所述至少一个移动台通过所述多个接入点中的一个可用接入点与所述网络通信,并在所述多个接入点均不可用时切换到所述其它无线网络。
4.如权利要求3所述的网络,其特征在于:在所述至少一个移动台切换到所述其它无线网络时,所述至少一个移动台经所述其它无线网络以隧道方式将所识别的所述移动台的网络分组传送到所述至少一个隧道端点。
5.如权利要求3所述的网络,其特征在于:在所述至少一个移动台切换到所述其它无线网络时,所述至少一个移动台保持层2隧道,该隧道经所述其它无线网络将以太网分组运送到所述至少一个隧道端点,所述以太网分组包含所述至少一个移动台中的WLAN接口口的MAC和IP地址,由此,可无缝保持到所述网络的连接。
6.如权利要求5所述的网络,其特征在于:所述至少一个隧道端点终止所述层2隧道,并且是所述MAC地址的代理。
7.如权利要求1所述的网络,其特征在于:当所述移动台在接收区域之间移动,并且在所述接入点与所述其它无线网络之间切换时,所述自由形式的虚拟网络交换机识别每次切换,并针对所述每次所述切换更新关联表。
8.如权利要求1所述的网络,其特征在于还包括:
路由器,其对所述虚拟网络交换机与公共网络之间的所述核心VLAN上的业务进行路由;
动态主机配置协议(DHCP)服务器,其管理所述自由形式的虚拟网络交换机与所述公共网络之间的连接;以及
网关,其在所述公共网络上提供接入控制、网络地址转换和防火墙安全。
9.如权利要求1所述的网络,其特征在于:至少两个所述接入点连接到形成接入点组的集线器,所述集线器将所述接入点组连接到所述以太网汇聚交换机。
10.如权利要求1所述的网络,其特征在于:所述其它网络是蜂窝电话网络。
11.如权利要求3所述的网络,其特征在于:所述至少一个移动台包括:
无线LAN接口,其以无线方式与所述多个接入点中的可用接入点通信;以及
选择性地与所述其它无线网络通信的蜂窝电话。
12.如权利要求11所述的网络,其特征在于:所述无线LAN接口监控接入点载波信号,并提供所述接入点载波信号存在/不存在的指示。
13.如权利要求11所述的网络,其特征在于:所述网络是专用交换机网络(PBX),并且所述无线LAN接口是基于因特网协议的语音(VoIP)接口。
14.如权利要求1所述的网络,其特征在于:所述其它无线网络是通过所述隧道端点连接到所述网络的多个其它无线网络之一。
15.一种具有无线接入功能的网络,包括:
多个无线接入点;
多个移动台,其可以无线方式连接到所述多个接入点,至少一个移动台可连接到至少一个其它无线网络;
以太网汇聚装置,用于将所述多个接入点中的接入点连接到所述网络,所述以太网汇聚装置可感知虚拟LAN(VLAN),并将来自所述多个接入点的客户业务与接入VLAN匹配;
自由形式的虚拟网络交换装置,用于将所述以太网汇聚装置上的所述接入VLAN之间的客户业务切换到适当的核心VLAN;以及
隧道端点装置,用于终止经其它无线网络以隧道方式传送的以太网分组,并将终止的所述以太网分组作为客户业务提供给所述自由形式的虚拟网络交换装置;所述隧道端点装置为所述至少一个移动台中连接的移动台提供MAC地址代理,所述自由形式的虚拟网络切换装置将来自所述隧道端点装置的客户业务切换到适当的核心VLAN。
16.如权利要求15所述的网络,其特征在于:所述至少一个移动台包括:
通过所述多个接入点中的可用接入点以无线方式与所述网络通信的装置;以及
在所述多个接入点均不可用时,用于自动切换到所述其它无线网络之一的装置。
17.如权利要求15所述的网络,所述自由形式的虚拟网络切换装置包括:
用于维护所述接入VLAN与所述核心VLAN之间的关联表的装置。
18.如权利要求15所述的网络,其特征在于:所述至少一个移动台包括:
用于经所述其它无线网络之一以隧道方式将所识别的所述移动台的网络分组传送到所述隧道端点的隧道装置。
19.如权利要求15所述的网络,其特征在于:所述至少一个移动台包括:
用于保持层2隧道的装置,所述隧道经所述隧道端点与所述至少一个移动台之间的所述其它无线网络运送以太网分组,所述以太网分组包含在所述至少一个移动台中的WLAN接口MAC和IP地址,由此所述移动台可无缝保持到所述网络的连接。
20.如权利要求15所述的网络统,其特征在于:所述自由形式的虚拟网络交换装置包括:
用于识别接收区域之间的每次切换并且在所述接入点与每个所述其它无线网络之间切换的装置;以及
用于根据所述每次所述切换更新关联表的装置。
21.如权利要求15所述的网络,其特征在于还包括:
用于对所述虚拟网络交换机与公共网络之间的核心VLAN业务进行路由的业务路由装置;
动态主机配置协议(DHCP)服务器装置,用于管理所述自由形式的虚拟网络交换机与所述公共网络之间的连接;以及
用于在所述公共网络上提供接入控制、网络地址转换和防火墙安全的装置。
22.如权利要求15所述的网络,其特征在于还包括:
接入点编组装置,用于将至少两个所述接入点编组成接入点组,并将所述接入点组连接到所述以太网汇聚装置。
23.如权利要求15所述的网络,其特征在于:所述至少一个移动台包括用于与蜂窝电话网络通信的蜂窝电话通信装置。
24.如权利要求23所述的网络,其特征在于:所述网络是专用交换机网络。
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