CN1727814B - 使用热电元件的混合动力车辆环境控制系统 - Google Patents

使用热电元件的混合动力车辆环境控制系统 Download PDF

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CN1727814B
CN1727814B CN2005100687768A CN200510068776A CN1727814B CN 1727814 B CN1727814 B CN 1727814B CN 2005100687768 A CN2005100687768 A CN 2005100687768A CN 200510068776 A CN200510068776 A CN 200510068776A CN 1727814 B CN1727814 B CN 1727814B
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CN1727814A (zh
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彼得·R·高思罗普
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Visteon Global Technologies Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00478—Air-conditioning devices using the Peltier effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • B60H1/004—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for vehicles having a combustion engine and electric drive means, e.g. hybrid electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00885—Controlling the flow of heating or cooling liquid, e.g. valves or pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/04—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant from cooling liquid of the plant
    • B60H1/08—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant from cooling liquid of the plant from other radiator than main radiator
    • B60H1/10—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant from cooling liquid of the plant from other radiator than main radiator the other radiator being situated in a duct capable of being connected to atmosphere outside vehicle
    • B60H1/12—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant from cooling liquid of the plant from other radiator than main radiator the other radiator being situated in a duct capable of being connected to atmosphere outside vehicle using an air blower
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F25B21/04—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect reversible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H2001/2228—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters
    • B60H2001/2234—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters when vehicle is parked, preheating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H2001/2228—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters
    • B60H2001/2237—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters supplementary heating, e.g. during stop and go of a vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H2001/2228—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters
    • B60H2001/224—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters automatic operation, e.g. control circuits or methods

Abstract

本发明提供了一种混合动力车辆内环境控制系统。所述控制系统包括一个热电组件、一个热交换器、一个泵和一个阀。所述热电组件包括由电能驱动的热电元件。所述热电元件基于所提供的电能的极性发出或吸收热量。一个容纳致冷剂的管靠近热电元件延伸。为有助于热能的传送，设置一个鼓风机以产生穿过热电元件和管的气流。从热电组件提供到热交换器的所述致冷剂加热或冷却提供到车厢的气流。所述泵和阀与热交换器和热电组件是流体连接。所述泵压缩致冷剂流通过管和致冷剂线路。在冷却模式中，所述阀被构造成对车辆的发动机致冷剂系统进行选择性地旁通。

Description

使用热电元件的混合动力车辆环境控制系统
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及一种用于混合动力车辆的环境控制系统。
背景技术
由内燃机和电动马达驱动的混合动力车辆正变得越来越被公众所知。对于越来越多地被工业上采用的混合动力车辆，这些车辆需要提供和现有传统车辆一样的特点和舒适性。为实现最大效率，混合动力车辆采用启动/停止策略，这意味着在正常怠速状态下，车辆的内燃机关闭以节约能量。在这期间，维持车辆内的舒适度仍很重要。为在低温时保持车厢内舒适，致冷剂通常循环通过加热器芯以向车厢提供热量。但是，在温暖的气候条件下，用于保持车厢内凉爽的仅有方法是通过运行内燃机以驱动空调系统的压缩机。目前使用的具有这种启动/停止策略的车辆在怠速停车时允许用户保持发动机运行，以维持车厢的舒适。但是，在停车期间运行发动机抵消了通过在怠速状态时通过关闭发动机而节省的燃料。
从上面的描述可见，显然需要一种用于混合动力车辆的改进的环境控制系统。
发明内容
为了满足上述需要，以及克服列举的相关技术的缺陷和其它限制，本发明提供了一种用于控制混合动力车辆车厢内环境的系统。该系统包括一个热电组件，一个热交换器，一个泵和一个阀。
该热电组件包括通过电能驱动的热电元件，它们基于提供的电能的极性发出或吸收热能。一个容纳致冷剂的管靠近热电元件延伸。为有助于热能的传送，设置一个鼓风机以产生穿过热电元件和管的气流。所述致冷剂被从热电组件提供到热交换器，以加热或冷却提供到车厢内的气流。所述泵对流经管和致冷剂线路的致冷剂流加压，并且在冷却模式中，所述阀被构造成对车辆的发动机致冷剂系统进行选择性地旁通。
根据本发明的另一个方面，所述系统包括一个加热器芯和一个与热交换器液体连通的蒸发器。流到车厢的气流可通过加热器芯辅助加热或者通过蒸发器辅助冷却。
根据本发明的另一个方面，所述系统包括一个控制器，其与热电组件电连接。所述控制器被构造成可转换提供到热电组件的电能的极性，以选择加热或冷却致冷剂。另外，所述控制器被构造成可将再生制动系统产生的电能引导到热电组件，用于控制车辆的内部环境。
根据本发明提供了一种车辆内部环境控制系统，所述车辆具有发动机致冷剂系统，所述控制系统包括：热电组件，其包括至少一个热电元件，所述至少一个热电元件在电能以第一极性施加时产生加热作用，并且在电能以第二极性施加时产生冷却作用，所述热电组件用于向致冷剂传递热能或由致冷剂传递热能；致冷剂导管，其与发动机致冷剂系统连接，所述致冷剂导管具有一个靠近所述至少一个热电元件设置并且与之热交换的部分；热交换器，其与致冷剂导管连接并且与之热交换，所述热交换器置于所述至少一个热电组件的下游，用于加热或冷却供应给车厢的气流；致冷剂泵，其与致冷剂导管连接，并且被构造成可产生从中通过的致冷剂流；阀，其与致冷剂导管连接，所述阀可选择地在将致冷剂导管和发动机致冷剂系统相连的第一位置和将致冷剂导管与发动机致冷剂系统隔开的第二位置之间移动；与热电组件电连接的控制器，所述控制器被构造成在加热模式中以第一极性供应电能以加热所述气流，并且在冷却模式中以第二极性供应电能以冷却所述气流；所述控制器还被构造成，当确定发动机关闭且冷却模式被选择时，将所述阀移动到所述第二位置，以将致冷剂流与发动机热量隔开，并且引起致冷剂流循环通过所述热电组件和热交换器。
优选地，所述控制系统还包括再生制动系统和控制器，所述控制器被构造成可将由再生控制系统产生的电能引导到热电组件，以便在所述至少一个热电元件内产生温度变化。
优选地，所述控制器还被构造成，当确定发动机关闭且加热模式被选择时，将所述阀移动到所述第一位置，以将致冷剂流接通到发动机致冷剂系统，并且引起引起致冷剂流循环通过所述热电组件、热交换器和发动机致冷剂系统。
优选地，所述发动机致冷剂系统包括用于在致冷剂泵不启动的情况下在发动机致冷剂系统中提供足够致冷剂压力的泵。
优选地，所述控制器还被构造成，当确定发动机启动且冷却模式被选择时，将所述阀移动到所述第二位置，以将致冷剂流与发动机致冷剂系统隔开，以引起致冷剂流循环通过所述热电组件和热交换器，并且在气流进入车厢之前将气流供应到蒸发器。
在阅读了下述的说明、参照的附图和所附的权利要求之后，本发明进一步的目的、特征和优点对于本领域技术人员而言将容易变得明显。这些说明、附图和权利要求构成本说明书的一部分。
附图说明
图1是辅助冷却模式中的采用了本发明原理的环境控制系统的框图。
图2是采用本发明原理的热电组件的正向剖视图。
图3是辅助冷却模式中的采用了本发明原理的环境控制系统的框图。
图4是辅助加热模式中的采用了本发明原理的环境控制系统的框图。
图5是在发动机停止冷却模式中的采用了本发明原理的环境控制系统的框图。
图6是在发动机停止加热模式中的采用了本发明原理的环境控制系统的框图。
具体实施方式
现在参看图1，一个采用本发明原理的系统被示出在其中并且被附图标记10表示。作为它的主要构成部件，系统10包括一个热电组件12，一个热交换器14，一个蒸发器16，一个加热器芯18，一个阀22，一个致冷剂泵26和一个控制器27。正如下面进一步描述的，热电组件12，再结合热交换器14，可在内燃机关闭的情况下允许系统10提供加热或冷却功能，或者还可以在内燃机运行的情况下提供辅助加热或冷却功能。
现在参看图2，其提供了热电组件12的剖视图。热电组件12包括一系列热电元件48，它们利用电能产生温度变化。如果电能(电源)被以一个极性提供，则热电元件48将产生引起热电元件48周围的环境温度升高的热能。或者，如果电能(电源)被以相反极性提供到热电元件48，热电元件将吸收热能，由此降低热电元件48周围的环境温度。为了从热电元件48传递加热或冷却作用，一种热传递介质即致冷剂流过靠近热电元件48设置的一个致冷剂管42。为有助于该热量传递到致冷剂，一个或多个鼓风机40产生穿过热电元件48和致冷剂管42的气流。另外，可设置一个导气罩50，以引导空气离开或者进入热电组件12。所述被提供到热电元件48的致冷剂循环通过进口连接部44，并且通过一个出口连接部提供到系统的其它部件，由此，可传递由热电元件48产生的温度变化。
再请参看图1，热电组件12通过致冷剂而沿着线路30与热交换器14流体连通。鼓风机15产生穿过热交换器14的气流20，并且气流20从热电组件12提供的致冷剂中提取热量或者被冷却，由此改变气流20的温度。在加热模式中，热电组件12提供加热后的致冷剂，由此加热气流20。或者，在冷却模式中，热电组件12提供冷却后的致冷剂，由此冷却气流20。气流20从热交换器14传送到蒸发器16和加热器芯18的整个热传递表面上。
致冷剂沿着线路32流出热交换器14并被提供到阀22，阀22可选择地允许致冷剂沿着线路38流入到发动机致冷剂系统24，或者返回到致冷剂泵26。通常，发动机致冷剂系统24将加热致冷剂并且沿着线路36将一部分致冷剂返还到加热器芯18和阀22，阀22将致冷剂旁通传送回致冷剂泵26。或者，阀22可单独地将致冷剂从线路32直接引导到线路34，而旁通绕过发动机致冷剂系统24。旁通绕过发动机致冷剂系统的这种流路设计在系统10的冷却模式中特别有益。
控制器27允许系统10以多种加热和冷却模式工作。例如，控制器27可以转换提供到热电组件的电能的极性，由此利用一个极性加热致冷剂，并且利用相反的极性冷却致冷剂。另外，控制器27可操纵阀22，以便在冷却模式中旁通绕过发动机致冷剂系统24，由此将致冷剂与发动机致冷剂系统24中的由发动机产生的热量隔开。
控制器27还连接到一个再生制动系统29。当车辆减速时再生制动系统29利用车辆的动能产生电能。控制器27可引导能量从再生制动系统29到一个蓄能装置，如一个电池组(未示出)，或直接引导到热电组件12，以提供充分的电源以调节车辆环境。如果直接提供到热电组件12，控制器27可改变由再生制动系统29提供的电能的极性，再生制动系统29允许能量在加热和冷却模式下被热电组件12使用。
现在参看图3，系统10被示出在辅助冷却模式中，而同时内燃机正在运行。在“发动机运行”辅助冷却时，热电组件12和蒸发器16组合使用以冷却车辆车厢。热电组件12和蒸发器16的组合使用可使得在较快时间达到舒适。如图3所示，以单点划线表示的线路从热交换器14传递加热的致冷剂，而以双点划线表示的线路向热交换器14传递冷却的致冷剂。
在“发动机运行”辅助冷却模式中，致冷剂流过热电组件12，在此热量被从致冷剂中去除，并且之后致冷剂沿着线路30到达热交换器14。热交换器14冷却将要被提供到蒸发器16的气流20，以便于在气流流到车辆车厢内之前被辅助冷却。致冷剂沿着线路32从热交换器14流到被控制器27操纵的阀22，以旁通绕过发动机致冷剂系统24，由此将致冷剂和发动机产生的热量隔开。致冷剂沿着线路34从阀22流到致冷剂泵26，在此致冷剂流受压，接着被沿着线路28提供回到热电组件12。在这种操作模式中，热电组件12首先运行几分钟以快速降低气流20的温度。如果进入热交换器14的空气的温度低于流入热电组件12的空气的温度，热电组件12和致冷剂泵26不会运行，由此节约了车辆的能量。
在图4中可见“发动机运行”辅助加热模式中的系统10。在“发动机运行”辅助加热模式中，热电组件12与加热器芯18组合使用。热电组件12与加热器芯18的组合使用可使得在较快时间达到舒适。从发动机出来的热致冷剂被泵送通过热电组件12，在此增加更多的热量。致冷剂沿着线路30从热电组件12流到位于加热器芯18上游的热交换器14。热交换器14首先加热被加热器芯18接收的气流20。加热器芯18从发动机致冷剂系统24散发热量，以边在气流20被提供到车辆的车厢之前进一步加热气流20。
在辅助“发动机运行”加热模式中，从热交换器14出来的致冷剂沿着线路32被传送到阀22，阀22允许致冷剂沿着线路38返回到发动机致冷剂系统。发动机致冷剂系统24将热量从发动机提供到致冷剂，接着一些致冷剂流到加热器芯18并且沿着线路36流到阀22。致冷剂从阀22沿着线路34流过致冷剂泵26，接着沿着线路28返回到热电组件12。如果发动机致冷剂系统提供用于将致冷剂泵送通过系统的充足措施，则在这个模式中可不启用致冷剂泵26。优选地，热电组件12首先运行几分钟以增温，接着在从发动机出来的致冷剂的温度本身达到理想温度时停止运行，以便向车厢提供适当的热量。
现在参看图5，其提供了一个“发动机停止”冷却模式。“发动机停止”冷却模式用于在怠速运转的发动机熄火的过程中维持车厢在有限的一段时间内舒适。在这个模式中，由于发动机已经熄火，所以蒸发器不运行。通过致冷剂中的热惯性和热电组件12提供的冷却，允许发动机熄火及节省燃料，而同时仍可使车厢被冷却。
致冷剂流过热电组件12，在此热量被从致冷剂中去除。致冷剂从热电组件12沿着线路30流到热交换器14，热量在热交换器14中被致冷剂从气流20中吸收。致冷剂从热交换器14沿着线路32流到阀22。通过控制器27的操纵以使致冷剂旁通绕过发动机致冷剂系统24，阀22将致冷剂与发动机热量隔开。致冷剂从阀22沿着线路34流回到致冷剂泵26，致冷剂泵26通过在线路内加压致冷剂而产生致冷剂流。接着致冷剂沿着线路28被热电组件12回收，在热电组件12内热量被从致冷剂中再次吸收。
控制器27监视车速和刹车，以预测是否要停车。如果预测出将要停车，则从再生制动系统29产生的再生制动能量被热电组件12使用以冷却致冷剂。在停车过程中，热电组件12继续运行，以便在从车厢增加热量时维持低温致冷剂的温度。
现在参看图6，“发动机停止”加热模式被示意性示出。“发动机停止”加热模式用于在怠速运转的发动机熄火的过程中维持车厢在有限的一段时间内舒适。由热电组件12、致冷剂中的热惯性和发动机缸体中的热惯性提供的热量允许系统10加热车辆的车厢而同时允许发动机熄火并节省燃料。
在这种操作模式中，热的致冷剂被致冷剂泵26从发动机泵送通过热电组件12，在此热量被增加。致冷剂沿着线路30从热电组件12流到热交换器14。在热交换器14中，热量被气流20从致冷剂中吸收。加热的气流20接着被提供到加热器芯18，在此，在气流20被提供到车厢之前，更多的热量被从发动机致冷剂系统24提供的致冷剂中吸收。冷却的致冷剂接着沿着线路32从热交换器14流到阀22，阀22打开以将致冷剂提供到发动机致冷剂系统24。发动机致冷剂系统24将发动机缸体的热量增加到致冷剂，该致冷剂被返回到加热器芯18并且沿着线路36到达阀22和致冷剂泵26。如果发动机致冷剂系统24具有一个泵，以便在系统10中提供充足的致冷剂压力，则可不启用致冷剂泵26。致冷剂从致冷剂泵26沿着线路28流回到热电组件12，在此增加更多热量。另外，控制器27监视车速和刹车，以预测是否将要停车。如果预测到将要停车，则从再生制动系统29产生的再生制动能量被热电组件12使用以加热致冷剂。在停车过程中，热电组件12继续运行，以致在热量被从车厢内去除时维持热致冷剂的温度。
由于本领域技术人员容易理解，上述的说明只是为了说明本发明原理的实施。该说明不意味着限制本发明的范围和应用，相反，在不脱离权利要求中限定的本发明精神的前提下，可以作出各种下该、变化和改变。

Claims (5)

1.一种车辆内部环境控制系统，所述车辆具有发动机致冷剂系统，所述控制系统包括：
热电组件，其包括至少一个热电元件，所述至少一个热电元件在电能以第一极性施加时产生加热作用，并且在电能以第二极性施加时产生冷却作用，所述热电组件用于向致冷剂传递热能或由致冷剂传递热能；
致冷剂导管，其与发动机致冷剂系统连接，所述致冷剂导管具有一个靠近所述至少一个热电元件设置并且与之热交换的部分；
热交换器，其与致冷剂导管连接并且与之热交换，所述热交换器置于所述至少一个热电组件的下游，用于加热或冷却供应给车厢的气流；
致冷剂泵，其与致冷剂导管连接，并且被构造成可产生从中通过的致冷剂流；
阀，其与致冷剂导管连接，所述阀可选择地在将致冷剂导管和发动机致冷剂系统相连的第一位置和将致冷剂导管与发动机致冷剂系统隔开的第二位置之间移动；
与热电组件电连接的控制器，所述控制器被构造成在加热模式中以第一极性供应电能以加热所述气流，并且在冷却模式中以第二极性供应电能以冷却所述气流；
所述控制器还被构造成，当确定发动机关闭且冷却模式被选择时，将所述阀移动到所述第二位置，以将致冷剂流与发动机热量隔开，并且引起致冷剂流循环通过所述热电组件和热交换器。
2.如权利要求1所述的控制系统，还包括再生制动系统和控制器，所述控制器被构造成可将由再生控制系统产生的电能引导到热电组件，以便在所述至少一个热电元件内产生温度变化。
3.如权利要求1所述的控制系统，其中，所述控制器还被构造成，当确定发动机关闭且加热模式被选择时，将所述阀移动到所述第一位置，以将致冷剂流接通到发动机致冷剂系统，并且引起引起致冷剂流循环通过所述热电组件、热交换器和发动机致冷剂系统。
4.如权利要求3所述的控制系统，其中，所述发动机致冷剂系统包括用于在致冷剂泵不启动的情况下在发动机致冷剂系统中提供足够致冷剂压力的泵。
5.如权利要求1所述的控制系统，其中，所述控制器还被构造成，当确定发动机启动且冷却模式被选择时，将所述阀移动到所述第二位置，以将致冷剂流与发动机致冷剂系统隔开，以引起致冷剂流循环通过所述热电组件和热交换器，并且在气流进入车厢之前将气流供应到蒸发器。
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