CN1832481A - 在蓝牙设备上共享数据的方法及系统 - Google Patents

在蓝牙设备上共享数据的方法及系统 Download PDF

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CN1832481A
CN1832481A CNA2006100588663A CN200610058866A CN1832481A CN 1832481 A CN1832481 A CN 1832481A CN A2006100588663 A CNA2006100588663 A CN A2006100588663A CN 200610058866 A CN200610058866 A CN 200610058866A CN 1832481 A CN1832481 A CN 1832481A
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安德烈·艾森巴赫
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Zyray Wireless Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
    • G06F21/6209—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a single file or object, e.g. in a secure envelope, encrypted and accessed using a key, or with access control rules appended to the object itself
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
    • G06F21/6218—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a system of files or objects, e.g. local or distributed file system or database
    • G06F21/6245—Protecting personal data, e.g. for financial or medical purposes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/50—Secure pairing of devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2111—Location-sensitive, e.g. geographical location, GPS
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2143—Clearing memory, e.g. to prevent the data from being stolen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/10—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for controlling access to devices or network resources
    • H04L63/107—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for controlling access to devices or network resources wherein the security policies are location-dependent, e.g. entities privileges depend on current location or allowing specific operations only from locally connected terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
    • H04M1/72409—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories
    • H04M1/72412—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories using two-way short-range wireless interfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/08—Access security
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/60—Context-dependent security
    • H04W12/63—Location-dependent; Proximity-dependent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
    • H04W92/18—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between terminal devices

Abstract

本发明涉及蓝牙设备之间自动共享数据资源的方法、设备和系统。蓝牙设备与“可信赖的”蓝牙设备相配对。当配对的设备被找到，蓝牙设备自动允许其它设备呈现其共享数据的虚拟表示。只要设备靠近，共享的数据可被其他设备选择性地下载以供使用。在选择性的实施例中，设备可与网络共享配对信息，因而同样的共享资源可在多个接入点得到，但特定地，仅针对配对的可信赖设备。

Description

在蓝牙设备上共享数据的方法及系统
技术领域
本发明的某些实施例涉及与靠近第一蓝牙设备的另一个蓝牙设备自动共享文件或其他资源。本发明的某些方面允许使用蓝牙配对程序在互相信任的设备之间建立所述共享关系。
背景技术
越来越多的个人数据被存储于更多更小的移动设备上。随着移动数据量增加，在用户的其它个人移动设备之间共享数据、以及与非个人移动设备但在特定时间段内需要共享选定的数据的设备之间共享数据的需求也在增加。蓝牙设备在设备连接方面具有极大的灵活性，但需要对正在扩展的可能连接数量进行透明化管理，从而为用户减轻麻烦的文件下载和共享程序的负担。此外，将数据由一个设备拷贝到另一个设备时，不可避免的，文件之一会变为过期的。因此，需要允许数据“虚拟”共享，即仅在一台设备上保持实际数据，通过蓝牙链接对所管理的数据进行虚拟访问，而不会实际导致很大的开销(overhead)，也不会导致所完成的文件下载中的固有数据冲突。
对于本领域的一般技术人员来说，将这样的系统与如参照附图的本申请的剩余部分所述的本发明的某些方面进行比较，传统方法的更多的局限和不足会变得明显。
发明内容
本发明的各个方面可在蓝牙设备间自动共享资源的方法和系统中找到，如结合至少一个附图所示和/或所描述，在权利要求中有更完整地说明。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种在蓝牙设备上共享数据的方法，包括：
a.将第一蓝牙设备和第二蓝牙设备配对；
b.指定第二蓝牙设备为可信赖设备；
c.指定可被所述第二蓝牙设备用来与所述第一蓝牙设备共享的资源；
d.决定何时所述第二蓝牙设备在所述第一蓝牙设备附近；以及
e.自动使所述第一蓝牙设备可得到所述共享资源。
优选地，所述方法包括将所述第一蓝牙设备与多个第二蓝牙设备配对。
优选地，当所述第二蓝牙设备不再在附近时，所述第一蓝牙设备删除所述共享资源。
优选地，所述共享资源为地址本。
优选地，所述共享资源从来不会被完全拷贝至所述第一蓝牙设备。
优选地，在所述第一蓝牙设备中指定所述第二蓝牙设备的第二共享资源。
优选地，所述第二设备将配对信息传送至设备网络，其中每个设备都被允许得到第一蓝牙设备上的共享资源。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种在蓝牙设备上自动共享资源的系统，包括两个配对的蓝牙设备，其中所述设备的第一个与所述设备的第二个配对，所述第二设备具有指定为可与所述第一设备共享的数据，且当所述第一和第二设备彼此靠近时，所述第一设备将所述共享数据的虚拟表示呈现给所述第一设备的用户。
优选地，所述系统包括多个第二设备。
优选地，当所述第一和第二设备不再靠近时，所述第一设备删除所述虚拟表示。
优选地，所述共享数据为地址本。
优选地，所述共享数据从来不会被完全载入所述第一设备。
优选地，所述第一设备也包括与第二设备共享的资源。
优选地，所述第二设备将所述第一设备的配对信息传送至网络，其中多个设备中的每一个都被允许与所述第一设备共享所述共享资源。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种蓝牙设备中的集成电路，所述集成电路包括应用层，所述应用层执行包括以下步骤的方法：
a.与第二蓝牙设备配对；
b.监测所述第二蓝牙设备的附近；以及
c.给出共享数据的虚拟数据表示，所述共享数据被所述第二设备指定为可与所述蓝牙设备共享。
优选地，集成电路与多个第二设备配对。
优选地，当所述第二设备不再在附近时，所述集成电路删除所述虚拟表示。
优选地，所述共享数据为地址本。
优选地，所述共享数据从来不会被所述集成电路完全载入。
优选地，所述集成电路使所述第二设备可得到资源。
从以下的描述和附图中，本发明的这些和其它优点、方面和新颖性特征、及其示例性实施例的细节，都将得到更完全的理解。
附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：
图1基本蓝牙微微网的示意图。
图2是简化的典型协议栈。
图3是根据本发明的典型实施例的典型蓝牙硬件设备的框图，所述蓝牙硬件运行图2中的协议栈。
图4所示为例如在手持蓝牙设备上实施的本发明方法的典型实施例的流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明的某些实施例涉及检测蓝牙设备的接近并在设备间建立信任关系的方法和系统。本发明的某些实施例涉及当检测到蓝牙设备的附近有可信赖设备时、使用信赖关系来自动分享蓝牙设备上可利用的资源并为存取网络选择最低成本的设备的方法和系统。附加的实施例自动基于用户的优先选择执行这些功能。
蓝牙无线技术无需有线连接，从而用来改革个人连接方式。蓝牙是为便携式电脑、移动电话和其它便携式和手持设备之间提供链接的小型化、低成本无线解决方案的标准。蓝牙的特点在于低功耗和小范围，以及蓝牙设备自动检测和连接到其它附近(通常是10米或更小)的蓝牙设备的能力，以及支持本地蓝牙微微网被用来存取广域网的环境中合理的高数据率的能力。
关于蓝牙
蓝牙无线技术是允许智能设备间通过无线、短距离通信进行互相通信的国际公开标准。该技术可以让任何类型的电子设备——从计算机和蜂窝电话到键盘和耳机——建立自己的连接，不需要连接线、电缆和其他任何来自用户的直接作用。目前蓝牙被集成到许许多多的消费产品中，包括膝上型电脑、PDA、蜂窝电话和打印机，以及每天出现的更多产品。
蓝牙如何工作
蓝牙是在2.4GHz免执照频段内运作的跳频扩频(FHSS)射频系统。它的低功率传输可用于大约十米的典型范围。互相连接的设备组成了已知的微微网，网络里最多有七个主动设备(active device)。图1示出这样的微微网101。微微网里的设备共享数据容量，设备间的最大数据吞吐量大约为7823千比特每秒。
蓝牙有用于传输数据和实现应用需求的高级特征的协议栈。协议栈包括几种为不同目的设计的不同协议。规范(profile)或者应用位于协议栈上。蓝牙还有用于链接管理和基带控制的低层协议栈。图2是简化的典型协议栈201。该栈包括规范203、BTM 205、RFCOMM 207、SDP 209、L2CAP 211、HCI 213和低层栈215。应用层217包括计算机程序，所述计算机程序实际上执行利用蓝牙功能的有利方法。
蓝牙硬件设备通常是包括一个或者两个芯片的高集成度系统。图3是典型蓝牙硬件设备的框图，所述蓝牙硬件设备包括射频IC 303和基带IC 305。
蓝牙基带芯片包括核心处理器例如带有集成存储器的ARM7307、蓝牙基带309和几个其它外围器件。射频在单个的芯片303上实现。ARM7处理器运行包括低层协议栈、上层协议栈和内嵌规范的所有要求的软件。这种类型的单个CPU设备允许小的、低功耗的和低成本的解决方案。
软件“栈”预期在栈的高层插入有用的应用程序。这些应用程序可以被设计成利用蓝牙低层、基于蓝牙的射频链接来实现功能。
图1示出了微微网101，包括四个蓝牙设备：耳机103、膝上电脑105、蜂窝电话107和信息亭(kiosk)如航线登记口109。蜂窝电话107，也可为便携式PDA，在其上存储了从电子邮件附件和因特网网页浏览或其他资源收集到的文件。选择性地，移动电话107也可带有电话所有者希望暂时提供给另一个蓝牙设备的地址本数据，在此情况下另一个蓝牙设备为笔记本电脑105。
信息亭109与更大的广域网111相连接，所述广域网111是例如常规的硬线以太网络或者将信息亭109与其它信息亭113连接起来的中枢网络。所述网络可包括文件服务器或主机电脑115的中央管理的数据资源。将会理解，并不需要出现构成微微网101的所有设备。例如，微微网可仅在电话107或PDA与信息亭109之间形成。
将参照图4描述本发明的典型实施例，图4示出了本发明的方法的一个典型实施例的步骤。
在资源可被共享前，在两个蓝牙设备间建立信赖关系。通过询问哪些已知设备在范围内可利用，蓝牙无线网络的小范围特性允许它被用来确立相对位置。通过实现蓝牙配对程序使设备成为已知或可信赖的。蓝牙配对在蓝牙1.2核心规范，第三卷，章节3.3中详细描述。通过交换使用设备配对程序的蓝牙链接密码并明确地将设备标记为可信赖的，来建立信赖关系。一旦建立了所述关系，设备将记住所信赖的其它蓝牙设备。这是因为作为配对处理的一部分，每个设备与其他设备共享其独有的设备硬件ID。蓝牙硬件ID是嵌入蓝牙芯片组的，并且保证每个蓝牙设备的ID是唯一的。
可信赖设备可包括蜂窝电话、台式电脑、膝上电脑或特殊设备如蓝牙密钥链(key chain)。预期通常实施本发明的用户会调用设备之间的配对程序403，当设备靠近时，需要在某些方便时间建立共享资源。
在步骤404中，每个配对设备的用户指定任何可与其它配对设备自动共享的文件。或者，仅有一个设备被指定为具有可共享的文件，例如，地址本或对于其它设备为特殊的信息。例如，PDA可与航线登记信息亭109“配对”。航线可将配对信息传播至其网络111的所有信息亭113。当检测到PDA接近任何信息亭时，PDA可访问由主机115管理的共享文件，包括用户当日旅行路线的细节，包括航班状态、登机口信息等等。因为该系统基于靠近程度，航线也可使用PDA的检测来通知旅行者当日的进展。
在步骤405中，周期性执行蓝牙查询扫描，以检测区域中的可信赖设备。查询扫描通常每8秒完成一次。当在步骤406中检测到可信赖设备时，方法继续至步骤407，不受用户的干涉。
在步骤407中，完成自动资源共享。预期作为配对处理的一部分，用户将某些文件或文件类别指定为可与配对设备共享。例如，当与蜂窝电话105和笔记本电脑107配对时，用户可指定对于蓝牙移动电话105，膝上电脑107为可信赖的，反之亦然。用户可进一步指定膝上电脑107中包括地址和电话号码信息的文件对于目前可信赖设备即移动电话105是可共享的。在步骤408中，当用户选择文件夹或文件夹的数据时，在步骤409该设备确定链接是否仍然有效，并且如果链接有效，在步骤410中所请求的共享数据的子集被上载。当移动电话105检测到膝上电脑107在附近时，将在蜂窝电话105的操作系统中建立虚拟文件夹。文件夹包括之前指定的可在膝上电脑107和蜂窝电话105之间共享的数据的链接。预期到在大多数情况下，由于蓝牙空中链接的容量约束，真实数据将不会在蓝牙链接中被整体拷贝。相反，“虚拟”允许用户浏览索引、列表或数据关键字，并且仅选择对复阅必需的数据。然而，小的数据集可被整体下载和存储。
只要两个设备靠近，蓝牙设备继续执行链接管理。在步骤409中，当检测到链接断开时，方法运行至步骤411，其中具有共享数据虚拟表示的设备，例如蜂窝电话105，从其操作系统中删除共享文件夹。这样，提供了安全性测量，其中只有可信赖的设备在物理上接近时，才能持续共享数据。因为此方法仅预期将从实际上供查阅且不供永久拷贝数据的设备中获得数据，对批量的拷贝大量共享文件资源，提供一些保护措施。选择性地，对于非敏感的数据，可允许在接收设备上持续接收获得的数据。
选择性地，数据的本地拷贝被允许。在本地拷贝事件中，可与源设备共享对本地备份做出的编辑。在另一个实施例中，允许可信赖设备对共享数据做出编辑。预期到将根据配对程序403中建立的信赖级别，以每个设备为基础对这些选择进行设置。
如果没有找到任何设备，或者如果设备被找到且成功设置了网络链接，在执行下一次扫描405之前，手持设备执行延迟413。延迟阻止便携设备执行导致电池耗尽的过多扫描以及的数据表示的建立和删除。
本发明可充分地集成于芯片上，例如蓝牙芯片，所述芯片具有可机读存储器，其上存储有带有用来检测其它蓝牙设备存在的编码部分的计算机程序。所述程序包括至少一个编码部分，所述编码部分可被机器运行，促使机器执行包括如图充分所示及如上所述的那些步骤。
本发明的集成电路也可包括执行本发明方法的应用程序层。集成电路需要连接至蓝牙无线设备。集成电路也可具有唯一的硬件ID。
本技术可与蓝牙便携设备、蜂窝电话、个人电脑等一起使用，但也可用于为特殊目的制造的蓝牙附加存储设备或媒体(MP3等等)播放器。
本发明还可以通过计算机程序产品进行实施，所述程序包含能够实现本发明方法的全部特征，当其安装到计算机系统中时，通过运行，可以实现本发明的方法。本文件中的计算机程序所指的是：可以采用任何程序语言、代码或符号编写的一组指令的任何表达式，该指令组使系统具有信息处理能力，以直接实现特定功能，或在进行下述一个或两个步骤之后实现特定功能：a)转换成其它语言、编码或符号；b)以不同的格式再现。
本发明是通过几个具体实施例进行说明的，本领域技术人员应当明白，在不脱离本发明范围的情况下，还可以对本发明进行各种变换及等同替代。另外，针对特定情形或具体情况，可以对本发明做各种修改，而不脱离本发明的范围。因此，本发明不局限于所公开的具体实施例，而应当包括落入本发明权利要求范围内的全部实施方式。

Claims (10)

1、一种在蓝牙设备上共享数据的方法，其特征在于，包括：
f.将第一蓝牙设备和第二蓝牙设备配对；
g.指定第二蓝牙设备为可信赖设备；
h.指定可被所述第二蓝牙设备用来与所述第一蓝牙设备共享的资源；
i.决定何时所述第二蓝牙设备在所述第一蓝牙设备附近；以及
j.自动使所述第一蓝牙设备可得到所述共享资源。
2、根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，包括将所述第一蓝牙设备与多个第二蓝牙设备配对。
3、根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第二蓝牙设备不再在附近时，所述第一蓝牙设备删除所述共享资源。
4、根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述共享资源为地址本。
5、一种在蓝牙设备上自动共享资源的系统，其特征在于，包括两个配对的蓝牙设备，其中所述设备的第一个与所述设备的第二个配对，所述第二设备具有指定为可与所述第一设备共享的数据，且当所述第一和第二设备彼此靠近时，所述第一设备将所述共享数据的虚拟表示呈现给所述第一设备的用户。
6、根据权利要求5所述的系统，其特征在于，包括多个第二设备。
7、根据权利要求5所述的系统，其特征在于，当所述第一和第二设备不再靠近时，所述第一设备删除所述虚拟表示。
8、一种蓝牙设备中的集成电路，其特征在于，所述集成电路包括应用层，所述应用层执行包括以下步骤的方法：
a.与第二蓝牙设备配对；
b.监测所述第二蓝牙设备的附近；以及
c.给出共享数据的虚拟数据表示，所述共享数据被所述第二设备指定为可与所述蓝牙设备共享。
9、根据权利要求8所述的集成电路，其特征在于，所述集成电路与多个第二设备配对。
10、根据权利要求8所述的集成电路，其特征在于，当所述第二设备不再在附近时，所述集成电路删除所述虚拟表示。
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