CN1897011A - Method and circuit for inspecting step time-gap pulsing and preventing conflict - Google Patents
Method and circuit for inspecting step time-gap pulsing and preventing conflict Download PDFInfo
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- CN1897011A CN1897011A CN 200510012174 CN200510012174A CN1897011A CN 1897011 A CN1897011 A CN 1897011A CN 200510012174 CN200510012174 CN 200510012174 CN 200510012174 A CN200510012174 A CN 200510012174A CN 1897011 A CN1897011 A CN 1897011A
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Abstract
A method of utilizing stepped time slot pulse detection to avoid collision includes applying identification code in radio frequency tag chip as base of method for avoiding collision, applying variable step mode and linN-like coding mode, applying specific coded random number zero and one as pulse sent out by tag, making relevant treatment by card reader according to position of response signal occurrence then fetching identification code of tag.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the data read technical field, particularly a kind of step time-gap pulsing detects anti-collision method and circuit is realized.
Background technology
Radio-frequency (RF) tag (RFID, Radio Frequency IDdentification) product now has been widely used in circulation of commodities, manufacturing industry finished product and part management, article and personnel's multiple fields such as tracking.To become the main flow of this aspect owing to its operating distance (＞1 meter) far away in the radio-frequency (RF) tag (RFID) that is operated in very high frequency(VHF) (UHF, Ultra High Frequency) frequency range (900MHz and 2.4GHz) aspect the logistics control.Along with the increase of radio-frequency (RF) tag (RFID) operating distance and chip identification sign indicating number (ID) figure place, data phase mutual interference [conflict] problem becomes the bottleneck of its development between the label that card reader is faced when reading a large amount of radio-frequency (RF) tag (RFID).
Research to radio-frequency (RF) tag (RFID) is to increase its operating distance on the one hand in the world, concentrates on the other hand in the research of anti-collision method.Abroad the research of anti-collision method is carried out early, and the mature methods commercialization has been arranged.But efficiently, reading requirement a large amount of, long identification code (ID) figure place label is not apace solved preferably.Though at present by EPC[Electric ProductCode] anti-collision method in the EPC Gen2 Class1 standard that proposes of tissue, function is comparatively powerful, and security is better.But the means of realization more complicated, the design difficulty of radio-frequency (RF) tag (RFID) chip and relevant card reader is higher, thereby causes research and development and production cost, even use cost is all higher relatively.
Realize the widespread use of RFID for reducing cost effectively, must in rfid system, realize the advantages of simplicity and high efficiency anti-collision method.Therefore we have proposed step time-gap pulsing and have detected anti-collision (Step Aloha anti collision) method, and it has the following advantages: 1) agreement is simple, and logical circuit is easy to realize; 2) hardware resource requirements is less; 3) read good stability; 4) reading efficiency is higher.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, for improving in present radio-frequency (RF) tag (RFID) system speed of card reader reading tag.The basic ideas of this method are: utilize label to be built in identification code (ID) data in the chip, choose corresponding identification code (ID) section [length equals stepping length] according to the requirement of card reader in order by step-by-step system.If stepping length is N (being generally 2 integral multiple), card reader is set its received frame and is comprised 2
NIndividual time slot, card reader is the transmit frame start signal after sending reading order, after label receives frame start signal, send 0,1 random number [the linN coded system of using always in the similar communication system] according to the pairing sequence of time slots of identification code (ID) the segment value position that label is chosen.Card reader is by detecting 0,1 data that each time slot position occurs, on the one hand can obtain respective identification sign indicating number (ID) segment value, whether can bump by time slot position on the one hand [making reader identification 0,1 information collision by corresponding encoded] determines whether to carry out next step stepping.Until the identity code of successfully distinguishing and read single label (ID) or finish the traversal of whole identity code (ID) section, thereby read the identity code (ID) of each label.
Step time-gap pulsing detects anti-collision method, possesses following feature and advantage:
One, utilize the basis that identity code (ID) conduct realizes anti-collision method in radio-frequency (RF) tag (RFID) chip;
Two, adopt the mode of variable stepping, label is chosen different stepping length according to the order of card reader and is changed its identity code (ID) section value;
Three, the mode that adopts class linN to encode, label is sent the relevant position of frame [size is by the decision of stepping length N] and is sent 0,1 random number signal according to identity code (ID) segment value of the corresponding section of its identity code (ID) section value in card reader;
Four, the pulse that label is sent can realize the collision detection of two of same positions and above label for adopting 0,1 random number of specific coding;
Five, card reader is done respective handling, reading tag identity code (ID) according to the position that response signal occurs.
One, utilize the response control foundation of the identification code of radio frequency tag chip as label in the anti-collision method;
Two, hardware resource requirements is less, and circuit is realized fairly simple, and chip cost is lower;
Three, agreement is simple, makes that the card reader reading efficiency is higher, and time for reading is relatively stable with identity code (ID) figure place and number of tags increase variation, roughly is linear growth;
Four, this method also can be advantageously used in a large amount of number of tags statistics.
The present invention is used for solving radio-frequency (RF) tag (RFID) system, and card reader data collision occurs when reading a large amount of label and causes the low problem of reading efficiency.Be particularly useful for present very high frequency(VHF) (UHF) frequency range, radio-frequency (RF) tag (RFID) design cheaply and manufacturing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the workflow diagram of the present invention in rfid system.
Fig. 2 is the required logic diagram of circuit of this realization invention.
Embodiment
Figure 1 shows that the present invention's flowchart in radio-frequency (RF) tag (RFID) system, radio-frequency (RF) tag (RFID) workflow in system is as follows:
Step 1: label electrification reset, original state waits for that for the Ready state reading order arrives first, receive first to calculate timeslot number according to order request behind the reading order, send 0,1 random number signal at corresponding time slot position, and transfer the Arbitrate state to from the Ready state;
Step 2: after receiving reading order, judge at first whether parameter (section value and timeslot number) mates, do not match and then do not do the next reading order of response continuation wait; If coupling then judge whether this order is complete reading order is then sent 0,1 signal and is turned to the Reply state according to order request calculating timeslot number if not complete reading order in the corresponding time slot position; If fully reading order then radio-frequency (RF) tag send residue ID and wait for the ACK order;
Step 3: if receive ACK order then represent that card reader finishes reading radio-frequency (RF) tag; If receive conflict order or the overtime ACK of not receiving order, label changes the Reply state over to and continues to wait for the arrival of next reading order.
The detailed operation step that card reader and label are carried out this method is as follows: be provided with m label, stepping length is n, makes N=2
n-1, N is frame sign (timeslot number that promptly comprises), and identification code length is L, needs the depth D=L/n of stepping so,
Step 1: card reader is in the face of m label, send the reading order that reads n bit position, the end, after all labels are received order, when arriving etc. frame start signal, value according to oneself end n bit identification code, be made as x, when decision arrives at x time slot, send 0,0,1 data of 1 randomizer generation by the reflection mode;
Step 2: whether card reader detects time slot x and has 0,1 data to judge whether the label existence of end n bit value for x with crossing, if do not have, shows that then the label that nbit at the bottom of first segment value equals x does not exist, and then turns to the x+1 position to judge, this section reads end;
Step 3: if time slot x has 0,1 data to exist, then need judge only has one 0 or 1 to have the conflict that 0,1 data are still arranged, if only have one 0 or 1 having this section of proof segment value is that the label of x only has one, so just directly send complete reading order, matching value is x, the section value is 1, reads its residue sign code value;
Step 4: show that if conflict appears in time slot x this section segment value is that the label of x has more than two, the label of sending reading order [matching value is x, and the section value is 1] order first segment value so and be x continues to send 0,1 random number according to its second section segment value at corresponding time slot position in next frame;
Step 5: card reader is judged according to the situation of each time slot position appearance 0,1 signal once more; Whether decision reads directly that to meet first segment value be that the x and second segment value are the residue identification code of y, still need continue stepping, until running through all identification code sections or running through the identification code of all labels.
Realize that as Fig. 2 circuit of the present invention each functions of modules of block diagram is described below:
Module 1: radio-frequency (RF) front-end circuit (1): be used to receive the radiofrequency signal that comes from card reader;
Module 2: Shi Zhonghuifu ﹠amp; Clock synchronization circuit (2): be used for extracting clock information, offer clock generation circuit simultaneously and be used for clock synchronization, guarantee that 0,1 random number sends in correct time slot from the radiofrequency signal that radio-frequency (RF) front-end circuit receives;
Module 3: detuner (3-1) ﹠amp; Modulator circuit (3-2): from radiofrequency signal, demodulate digital signal respectively and with modulating digital signal to RF signals;
Module 4: command resolution unit (4): resolve the order that comes from card reader and carry out corresponding operation, i.e. the protocol analysis unit of method;
Module 5: clock generation circuit (5): the work clock that is used to produce command resolution unit;
Module 6:0,1 randomizer (6): be used to produce 0,1 random number signal, in suitable time slot, be sent to the card reader end;
Module 7: section value counter (7): be used to write down the present identity code that is read of this label (ID) section position;
Module 8: Cun Chuqiduqujiekou ﹠amp; Section pointer (8): identity code (ID) numerical value that reads relevant position in the memory cell by the value of section pointer;
Module 9: nonvolatile memory (9): identity code (ID) data that are used for storage tags.
Step time-gap pulsing detects the anti-collision circuit, by radio-frequency (RF) front-end circuit (1), Shi Zhonghuifu ﹠amp; Clock synchronization circuit (2), Xie Tiaoqi ﹠amp; Modulator circuit (3), command resolution unit (4), clock generation circuit (5), 0,1 randomizer (6), section value counter (7), Cun Chuqiduqujiekou ﹠amp; Section pointer circuit (8), nonvolatile memory (9) are formed, and radio-frequency (RF) front-end circuit (1) is connected in Shi Zhonghuifu ﹠amp; Clock synchronization circuit (2), detuner (3-1), modulator (3-2), command resolution unit (4) is connected to Shi Zhonghuifu ﹠amp; Clock synchronization circuit (2), detuner (3-1), modulator (3-2), clock generation circuit (5), 0,1 randomizer (6) and section value counter (7), command resolution unit (4) and Cun Chuqiduqujiekou ﹠amp; Section pointer circuit (8) is interconnected, Cun Chuqiduqujiekou ﹠amp; Section pointer circuit (8) is interconnected with nonvolatile memory (9).
Claims (5)
1. step time-gap pulsing detects anti-collision method, and its step is as follows:
One, utilize identification code in the radio frequency tag chip as the basis of realizing anti-collision method;
Two, adopt the mode of variable stepping, label is chosen different stepping length and is changed its identification code section value according to the order of card reader;
Three, the mode that adopts class 1inN to encode, label is sent the relevant position of frame and is sent 0,1 random number signal according to the sign code value of the corresponding section of its identification code section value in card reader;
Four, the pulse that label is sent can realize two of same positions and the collision detection of above label in this frame for adopting 0,1 random number of specific coding;
Five, card reader is done respective handling, this segment identification sign indicating number of reading tag according to the position that response signal occurs.
2. step time-gap pulsing according to claim 1 detects anti-collision method, it is characterized in that:
One, utilize the response control foundation of the identification code of radio frequency tag chip as label in the anti-collision method;
Two, hardware resource requirements is less, and circuit is realized fairly simple, and chip cost is lower;
Three, agreement is simple, makes that the card reader reading efficiency is higher, and time for reading is relatively stable with identification code figure place and number of tags increase variation, roughly is linear growth;
Four, this method also can be advantageously used in a large amount of number of tags statistics.
3. step time-gap pulsing according to claim 1 detects anti-collision method, and radio-frequency (RF) tag workflow in system is as follows:
Step 1: label electrification reset, original state waits for that for the Ready state reading order arrives first, receive first to calculate timeslot number according to order request behind the reading order, send 0,1 random number signal at corresponding time slot position, and transfer the Arbitrate state to from the Ready state;
Step 2: after receiving reading order, judge at first whether parameter mates, do not match and then do not do the next reading order of response continuation wait; If coupling then judge whether this order is complete reading order is then sent 0,1 signal and is turned to the Reply state according to order request calculating timeslot number if not complete reading order in the corresponding time slot position; If fully reading order then radio-frequency (RF) tag send residue ID and wait for the ACK order;
Step 3: if receive ACK order then represent that card reader finishes reading radio-frequency (RF) tag; If receive conflict order or the overtime ACK of not receiving order, label changes the Reply state over to and continues to wait for the arrival of next reading order.
4. detect anti-collision method according to claim 1 or 3 described step time-gap pulsings, the detailed operation step that card reader and label are carried out this method is as follows: be provided with m label, stepping length is n, makes N=2
n-1, N is a frame sign, and identification code length is L, needs the depth D=L/n of stepping so,
Step 1: card reader is in the face of m label, send the reading order that reads n bit position, the end, after all labels are received order, when arriving etc. frame start signal, value according to oneself end n bit identification code, be made as x, when decision arrives at x time slot, send 0,0,1 data of 1 randomizer generation by the reflection mode;
Step 2: whether card reader detects time slot x and has 0,1 data to judge whether the label existence of end n bit value for x with crossing, if do not have, shows that then the label that nbit at the bottom of first segment value equals x does not exist, and then turns to the x+1 position to judge, this section reads end;
Step 3: if time slot x has 0,1 data to exist, then need judge only has one 0 or 1 to have the conflict that 0,1 data are still arranged, if only have one 0 or 1 having this section of proof segment value is that the label of x only has one, so just directly send complete reading order, matching value is x, the section value is 1, reads its residue sign code value;
Step 4: show that if conflict appears in time slot x this section segment value is that the label of x has more than two, the label of sending reading order [matching value is x, and the section value is 1] order first segment value so and be x continues to send 0,1 random number according to its second section segment value at corresponding time slot position in next frame;
Step 5: card reader is judged according to the situation of each time slot position appearance 0,1 signal once more; Whether decision reads directly that to meet first segment value be that the x and second segment value are the residue identification code of y, still need continue stepping, until running through all identification code sections or running through the identification code of all labels.
5. step time-gap pulsing detects the anti-collision circuit, by radio-frequency (RF) front-end circuit (1), Shi Zhonghuifu ﹠amp; Clock synchronization circuit (2), Xie Tiaoqi ﹠amp; Modulator circuit (3), command resolution unit (4), clock generation circuit (5), 0,1 randomizer (6), section value counter (7), Cun Chuqiduqujiekou ﹠amp; Section pointer circuit (8), nonvolatile memory (9) are formed, and radio-frequency (RF) front-end circuit (1) is connected in Shi Zhonghuifu ﹠amp; Clock synchronization circuit (2), detuner (3-1), modulator (3-2), command resolution unit (4) is connected to Shi Zhonghuifu ﹠amp; Clock synchronization circuit (2), detuner (3-1), modulator (3-2), clock generation circuit (5), 0,1 randomizer (6) and section value counter (7), command resolution unit (4) and Cun Chuqiduqujiekou ﹠amp; Section pointer circuit (8) is interconnected, Cun Chuqiduqujiekou ﹠amp; Section pointer circuit (8) is interconnected with nonvolatile memory (9).
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100552691C (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2009-10-21 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | A kind of binary mode collision-proof method that has security mechanism in RFID |
| CN101093549B (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2010-06-09 | 北京华大恒泰科技有限责任公司 | Method for reading data of reader-writer in radio frequency recognition system, and method for sending data of label |
| CN101980253A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-02-23 | 重庆邮电大学 | Low power consumption continuous information uploading method of microwave frequency active radio frequency identification (RFID) system |
| CN102004894A (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2011-04-06 | 上海复旦微电子股份有限公司 | Method for identifying collisions of non-contact communication tags |
| CN101441699B (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2011-08-10 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Multiple-label anti-collision method for radio frequency recognition |
| CN101470795B (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2012-04-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Communication method and apparatus in wireless radio frequency recognition system |
| CN101770587B (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2012-08-22 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | System and method for negative testing of anti-collision capacity of RFID reader |
| CN101715629B (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2013-11-13 | Sk电信有限公司 | Method for determining optimal frame size for tag collision prevention in RFID system |
| CN101470791B (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2015-05-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Radio frequency signal recognition and response method and system, label and reading device |
| CN109905131A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-18 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | A kind of compressing pulse trains coding method and device |
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- 2005-07-14 CN CN 200510012174 patent/CN1897011A/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100552691C (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2009-10-21 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | A kind of binary mode collision-proof method that has security mechanism in RFID |
| CN101715629B (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2013-11-13 | Sk电信有限公司 | Method for determining optimal frame size for tag collision prevention in RFID system |
| CN101093549B (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2010-06-09 | 北京华大恒泰科技有限责任公司 | Method for reading data of reader-writer in radio frequency recognition system, and method for sending data of label |
| CN101441699B (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2011-08-10 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Multiple-label anti-collision method for radio frequency recognition |
| CN101470795B (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2012-04-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | Communication method and apparatus in wireless radio frequency recognition system |
| CN101470791B (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2015-05-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Radio frequency signal recognition and response method and system, label and reading device |
| CN101770587B (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2012-08-22 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | System and method for negative testing of anti-collision capacity of RFID reader |
| CN101980253A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-02-23 | 重庆邮电大学 | Low power consumption continuous information uploading method of microwave frequency active radio frequency identification (RFID) system |
| CN101980253B (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2013-04-10 | 重庆邮电大学 | Low power consumption continuous information uploading method of microwave frequency active radio frequency identification (RFID) system |
| CN102004894A (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2011-04-06 | 上海复旦微电子股份有限公司 | Method for identifying collisions of non-contact communication tags |
| CN102004894B (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2014-10-22 | 上海复旦微电子集团股份有限公司 | Method for identifying collisions of non-contact communication tags |
| CN109905131A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-06-18 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | A kind of compressing pulse trains coding method and device |
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