CN1961836B - 一次性加载装置和包括该装置的外科器械 - Google Patents

一次性加载装置和包括该装置的外科器械 Download PDF

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CN1961836B
CN1961836B CN2006101445351A CN200610144535A CN1961836B CN 1961836 B CN1961836 B CN 1961836B CN 2006101445351 A CN2006101445351 A CN 2006101445351A CN 200610144535 A CN200610144535 A CN 200610144535A CN 1961836 B CN1961836 B CN 1961836B
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弗雷德里克·E·谢尔顿四世
莱斯利·M·富吉卡瓦
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00491Surgical glue applicators
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/0023Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets disposable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/0046Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
    • A61B2017/00473Distal part, e.g. tip or head
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00831Material properties
    • A61B2017/00893Material properties pharmaceutically effective
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07271Stapler heads characterised by its cartridge
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07285Stapler heads characterised by its cutter

Abstract

一种一次性加载装置。该一次性加载装置包括:外壳组件;刀片组件,连接到所述外壳组件上;以及试剂筒,连接到所述外壳组件上。所述试剂筒装纳医疗试剂。所述一次性加载装置将医疗试剂输送到邻近切割表面,其中切割表面包含在所述刀片组件中。

Description

一次性加载装置和包括该装置的外科器械
技术领域
本发明在各实施例中总的涉及一种一次性加载装置,该装置可用于与可多次使用的外科器械连接,本发明还涉及包括所述一次性加载装置的外科器械。 
背景技术
用于同时在组织中开纵向切口和在切口的相对两侧施加多排缝钉的外科器械在现有技术是已知的。该组织可以例如包括人类组织、动物组织、膜或者其他器官。这种外科器械通常包括一对相对的夹钳构件,该对夹钳构件相配合以握持或者夹钳其间的组织,该外科器械还包括切割表面,用于形成切口。当用于内窥镜或腹腔镜时,该对夹钳构件能够穿过插管通道。夹钳构件中的一个通常支撑钉仓,该钉仓具有至少两排横向间隔开的缝钉以及与所述缝钉对准的推动器。另一个夹钳构件可在打开位置和闭合位置之间运动,并且限定了一砧座,该砧座具有与钉仓中的多排缝钉相应对准的缝钉形成袋。这种器械还可包括楔形件,该楔形件被驱动时,依次接触推动器,以朝着砧座和穿过组织击发缝钉。 
这种动作对组织产生的损伤可能很明显。总之,对损伤的组织部位输送足量的医疗试剂,促进切口的适当愈合,减少感染的可能性,和/或明显改进康复过程。医疗试剂施加到受损组织部位,通常是通过与形成切口和施加缝钉的外科器械不同的装置实现的。这种装置通常增加了手术的并发症和成本。但是,这种装置通常是必须的,因为用于同时在组织中开纵向切口和施加缝钉的外科器械不能存储和输送足量的医疗试剂到受损组织部位,通过这种外科器械输送医疗试剂到受损组织部位会使该医疗器械不能再次使用。 
发明内容
在一个总的方面,本申请公开了一种一次性加载装置。根据各实施例,该种一次性加载装置,包括:外壳组件;刀片组件,连接到所述外壳组件上;以及试剂筒,连接到所述外壳组件上。所述试剂筒装纳医疗试剂。所述一次性加载装置将医疗试剂输送到邻近切割表面,其中切割表面包含在所述刀片组件中。所述一次性加载装置还可包括连接到所述外壳组件上的钉仓以及连接到所述外壳组件上的砧座组件。 
在另一个总的方面,本申请公开了一种外科器械。根据各实施例,该外科器械包括:手柄组件;连接到所述手柄组件上的细长主体;以及可释放地连接到所述细长主体上的一次性加载装置。所述一次性加载装置包括:外壳组件;连接到所述外壳组件上的刀片组件;连接到所述外壳组件上的试剂筒;以及连接到所述刀片组件上的至少一个医疗试剂驱动器。所述试剂筒装纳医疗试剂。所述一次性加载装置将医疗试剂输送到邻近切割表面,其中切割表面包含在所述刀片组件中。所述一次性加载装置还可包括连接到所述外壳组件上的钉仓以及连接到所述外壳组件上的砧座组件。 
在又一个总的方面,本申请公开了一种外科器械。根据各实施例,该外科器械包括:手柄组件;连接到所述手柄组件上的细长主体;以及可释放地连接到所述细长主体上的一次性加载装置。所述一次性加载装置包括:外壳组件;连接到所述外壳组件上的刀片组件;连接到所述外壳组件上的试剂筒;以及与所述试剂筒接触的至少一个医疗试剂驱动器。所述试剂筒装纳医疗试剂。所述至少一个医疗试剂驱动器包括电活化聚合物。所述一次性加载装置将医疗试剂输送到邻近切割表面,其中切割表面包含在所述刀片组件中。所述一次性加载装置还可包括连接到所述外壳组件上的钉仓以及连接到所述外壳组件上的砧座组件。 
本发明还涉及以下方面: 
(1)一种一次性加载装置,包括: 
外壳组件; 
刀片组件,连接到所述外壳组件上;以及 
试剂筒,连接到所述外壳组件上,其中,所述试剂筒装纳医疗试剂,所述一次性加载装置将医疗试剂输送到邻近切割表面,其中切割表面包含在所述刀片组件中。 
(2)如第(1)项所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,所述刀片组件包括第一表面,该第一表面限定邻近所述切割表面的第一沟槽。 
(3)如第(2)项所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,所述刀片组件还包括与所述第一表面相对的第二表面,所述第二表面限定邻近所述切割表面的第二沟槽。 
(4)如第(2)项所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,所述试剂筒包括: 
主体;以及 
由所述主体限定的第一分配口,所述第一分配口邻近所述第一沟槽。 
(5)如第(4)项所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,所述主体还限定了邻近由所述刀片组件限定的第二沟槽的第二分配口。 
(6)如第(4)项所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,所述试剂筒还包括连接到所述主体上的第一密封构件。 
(7)如第(6)项所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,所述试剂筒还包括连接到所述主体上的第二密封构件。 
(8)如第(1)项所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,还包括连接到所述刀片组件上的至少一个医疗试剂驱动器。 
(9)如第(1)项所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,还包括与所述试剂筒接触的至少一个医疗试剂驱动器。 
(10)如第(9)项所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,所述至少一个医疗试剂驱动器是电活化聚合物。 
(11)如第(1)项所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,还包括: 
连接到所述外壳组件上的钉仓;以及 
连接到所述外壳组件上的砧座组件。 
(12)一种外科器械,包括: 
手柄组件; 
连接到所述手柄组件上的细长主体;以及 
可释放地连接到所述细长主体上的一次性加载装置,所述一次性加载装置包括: 
外壳组件; 
连接到所述外壳组件上的刀片组件; 
连接到所述外壳组件上的试剂筒,所述试剂筒装纳医疗试剂;以及 
连接到所述刀片组件上的至少一个医疗试剂驱动器,所述一次性加载装置将医疗试剂输送到邻近切割表面,其中切割表面包含在所述刀片组件中。 
(13)如第(12)项所述的外科器械,其特征为,所述刀片组件包括限定邻近所述切割表面的沟槽的至少一个表面。 
(14)如第(13)项所述的外科器械,其特征为,所述试剂筒包括: 
主体;以及 
由所述主体限定的至少一个分配口,所述至少一个分配口邻近所述沟槽。 
(15)如第(14)项所述的外科器械,其特征为,所述试剂筒还包括连接到所述主体上的至少一个密封构件。 
(16)如第(12)项所述的外科器械,其特征为,还包括: 
连接到所述外壳组件上的钉仓;以及 
连接到所述外壳组件上的砧座组件。 
(17)一种外科器械,包括: 
手柄组件; 
连接到所述手柄组件上的细长主体;以及 
可释放地连接到所述细长主体上的一次性加载装置,所述一次性加载装置包括: 
外壳组件; 
连接到所述外壳组件上的刀片组件; 
连接到所述外壳组件上的试剂筒,所述试剂筒装纳医疗试剂;以及 
与所述试剂筒接触的至少一个医疗试剂驱动器,所述至少一个医疗试剂驱动器包括电活化聚合物,所述一次性加载装置将医疗试剂输送到邻近切割表面,其中切割表面包含在所述刀片组件中。 
(18)如第(17)项所述的外科器械,其特征为,所述刀片组件包括限定邻近所述切割表面的沟槽的至少一个表面。 
(19)如第(18)项所述的外科器械,其特征为,所述试剂筒包括: 
主体;以及 
由所述主体限定的至少一个分配口,所述至少一个分配口邻近所述沟槽。 
(20)如第(17)项所述的外科器械,其特征为,还包括: 
连接到所述外壳组件上的钉仓;以及 
连接到所述外壳组件上的砧座组件。 
图1-2示意性显示出一次性加载装置的各种实施例; 
图3示意性显示出试剂筒的各种实施例; 
图4示意性显示出一次性加载装置的各种实施例; 
图5示意性显示出一次性加载装置的各种实施例; 
图6示意性显示出一次性加载装置的各种实施例; 
图7示意性显示出一次性加载装置的各种实施例; 
图8示意性显示出一次性加载装置的各种实施例; 
图9示意性显示出一次性加载装置的各种实施例; 
图10示意性显示出一次性加载装置的各种实施例; 
图11示意性显示出一次性加载装置的各种实施例; 
图12示意性显示出一次性加载装置的各种实施例; 
图13示意性显示出一次性加载装置的各种实施例; 
图14示意性显示出一次性加载装置的各种实施例;以及 
图15示意性显示出外科器械的各种实施例。 
具体实施方式
应当理解,本发明公开的附图和说明书被简化,公开了为清楚理解本发明所需的元件,同时为清楚起见省略了其他元件。但是本领域普通技术人员应理解,这些和其他元件都是需要的。但是所省略的元件是本领域公知的,它们无助于更好的理解本发明,所以没有对这些元件进行描述。 
图1-2示意性显示出一次性加载装置10的各种实施例,其中图2显示出一次性加载装置10的分解图。一次性加载装置10包括:第一端部12,可释放的连接到外科器械上(参见图15);第二端部14,与第一端部12相对。一次性加载装置10包括外壳组件16、试剂筒18、刀片组件20、钉仓22和砧座组件24。一次性加载装置10可以在单次使用后取出并丢弃。 
外壳组件16包括通道26和连接到通道26上的通道盖28。通道26和通道盖28可由适当的材料制成,例如塑料。通道26包括邻近一次性加载装置10的第一端部12的第一端部30和邻近一次性加载装置10的第二端部14的第二端部32。通道26包括基底34、第一壁36和第二壁38。根据各实施例,基底34限定了邻近通道26的第一端部30的开口40、邻近通道26的第一端部30的第一狭槽42、邻近通道26的第一端部30的第二狭槽44和邻近通道26的第二端部32的第三狭槽46。第一壁36连接到基底34上,并且从基底34基本上垂直延伸。第二壁38连接到基底34上,从基底34基本上垂直延伸,并与第一壁36相对。第二壁38可以是第一壁36的镜像对称,第一壁36和第二壁38可以和基底34形成一体。根据各实施例,第一壁36和第二壁38都限定了第四狭槽48、第一翼片50、第一凹口52、第五狭槽54、第二凹口56、第六狭槽58、第三凹口60、第四凹口62、第七狭槽64、第八狭槽66以及第一凸缘68。 
通道盖28包括邻近一次性加载装置10的第一端部12的第一端部70和与第一端部70相对的第二端部72,第一端部70和第二端部72可以沿着从通道盖28的第一端部70延伸到通道盖28的第二端部72的轴线对称。通道盖28在多个位置与通道26接合。根据各实施例,通道盖28限定了一对邻近从通道盖28延伸的第一端部70的连接桩74。连接桩74中的一个穿过由通道26限定的开口40。通道盖28还限定了邻近通道盖28的第二端部72的狭缝76。根据各实施例,通道盖28限定了第一对翼片78、与第一凹口52配合的第一对内部突起、第二对翼片80、与第二凹口56配合的第一对内部突起以及与第六狭槽58接合的第三对内部突起,所述第一对翼片78穿过第四狭槽48并与之接合,所述第二对翼片80穿过第五狭槽54并与之接合。根据其他实施例,通道26和通道盖28可以包括其他布置的翼片、狭槽、突起、凹口等,将通道盖28连接到通道26上。 
试剂筒18连接到外壳组件16上,并且装有至少一种医疗试剂。 
医疗试剂可以使任何类型的医疗试剂。例如,医疗试剂可以包括麻醉剂、粘合剂、抗生素、烧灼物、凝血剂、生长激素、止血剂、密封剂等或者其组合。 
试剂筒18包括邻近一次性加载装置10的第一端部12的第一端部82和与第一端部82相对的第二端部84。试剂筒18包括主体86(参见图6),该主体可由与医疗试剂相容的适当材料制成,例如塑料。根据各实施例,主体86包括第一部分88和第二部分90。第一部分88可以限定第一花键,其从第一部分88延伸、穿过通道26的基底34的第一狭槽42并与第一狭槽42接合。如图3所示,第一部分88还可以限定邻近试剂筒18的第二端部84的第一突起94和第一分配口96。第一突起94可以是任何形状,例如矩形、三角形、半球形等。第一分配口96位于试剂筒18的第一突起94和第二端部84之间。第二部分90与第一部分88间隔开并且与其镜像对称。第二  部分90可以限定第二花键,其从第二部分90延伸、穿过通道26的基底34的第二狭槽44并与第二狭槽44接合。如图3所示,第二部分90可以限定邻近试剂筒18的第二端部84的第二突起100和第二分配口102。第二突起100可以是任何形状,例如矩形、三角形、半球形等。第二分配口102位于试剂筒18的第二突起100和第二端部84之间。根据各实施例,主体86可以包括其他布置的花键、翼片、紧固件等,将试剂筒18连接到外壳组件16上。 
根据各实施例,试剂筒18还包括第一密封构件104(参见图3)和第二密封构件106(参见图3)。第一密封构件104连接到第一部分88上并且与第一部分88配合,装纳第一医疗试剂。同样,第二密封构件106连接到第二部分90上并且与第二部分90配合,装纳第二医疗试剂。第一医疗试剂和第二医疗试剂可以是相同或不同的医疗试剂。 
刀片组件20连接到外壳组件16上,并包括邻近一次性加载装置10的第一端部12的第一端部108和与第一端部108相对的第二端部110。刀片组件20包括主体112和切割表面114。根据各实施例,切割表面114包括连接到邻近刀片组件20的第二端部110的主体112上的一部分刀片。主体112可由任何适当的材料制成,例如塑料。根据各实施例,主体112包括邻近刀片组件20的第一端部108的第一夹紧构件116、邻近刀片组件20的第一端部108的第二夹紧构件118以及邻近刀片组件20的第二端部110的底部构件120。底部构件120穿过通道26的基底34的第三狭槽46并且与保持器122配合,保持器122位于外壳组件16外部,用于将主体112可滑动地连接到外壳组件16上,从而可以沿着第三狭槽46朝着通道26的第二端部32选择地推进刀片组件20。 
刀片组件20的主体112还包括第一表面124和与第一表面124相对的第二表面126(参见图6)。主体112的第一表面124邻近试剂筒18的第一部分88,主体112的第二表面126邻近试剂筒18的第二部分90。主体112的第一表面124限定了第一沟槽128,主体112的第二表面126限定了第二沟槽130(参见图6)。第一沟槽128邻近刀片组件20的第一切割表面114并可以沿着主体112的第一表面124朝着刀片组件20的第一端部108延伸任意距离。第一沟槽128邻近第一分配口96,装纳主体86的第一部分88的第一突起94。第二沟槽130邻近刀片组件20的第一切割表面114并可以沿着主体112的第二表面126朝着刀片组件20的第一端部108延伸任意距离。第二沟槽130邻近第二分配口102,装纳主体86的第二部分90的第二突起100。第一和第二沟槽128、130都可以是适于分别装纳第一突起94和第二突起100的任何形状,例如矩形、三角形、半球形等。刀片组件20的主体112还可以限定开口132,该开口132从第一表面124朝着邻近刀片组件20的第二端部110的第二表面126延伸。 
钉仓22连接到外壳组件16上。钉仓22包括第一端部134和与第一端部相对的第二端部136。钉仓22的第二端部136邻近一次性加载装置10的的第二端部14。钉仓22可以与本领域公知的其他钉仓类似。例如,钉仓22可以包括多个外科紧固件和多个相应的推动器。根据各实施例,钉仓22限定了狭槽142,该狭槽142与通道26的第三狭槽46对准并从钉仓22的第一端部134朝着钉仓22的第二端部136延伸。钉仓22还可以限定翼片,所述翼片从钉仓22延伸,穿过通道26的第七狭槽64和第八狭槽66并且与第七狭槽64和第八狭槽66接合,所述钉仓22还可包括凸缘146,该凸缘146与邻近通道26的第二端部32的通道26的第一和第二壁36、38摩擦接合。根据各实施例,钉仓22可包括其他布置的翼片、凸缘、紧固件等,将钉仓22连接到外壳组件16上。 
砧座组件24连接到外壳组件16上。砧座组件24包括第一端部148和与第一端部148相对的第二端部150。砧座组件24的第二端部150邻近一次性加载装置10的第二端部14。砧座组件24可以与现有技术中已知的其他砧座组件类似。例如,砧座组件24可以在打开位置和闭合位置之间运动,并且可以包括砧板152和连接到砧板152上的砧体154。根据各实施例,砧板152限定了狭槽156,该狭  槽156与钉仓22的狭槽142对准,砧体154限定了狭槽158,该狭槽158与砧板152的狭槽156对准。砧板152还可以限定邻近砧座组件24的第一端部148的第一对耳部160和位于第一对耳部160和砧座组件24的第二端部150之间的第二对耳部162。第二对耳部162中的一个与由通道26的第一壁36限定的第三凹口60接合,第二对耳部162中的另一个与由通道26的第二壁38限定的第三凹口60接合。弹簧构件164或者其他偏压构件可以将砧座组件24推动到打开位置,穿过刀片组件20的开口132的砧销166朝着闭合位置推动砧座组件24。根据各实施例,砧座组件24可包括其他布置的紧固件,将砧座组件24连接到外壳组件16上。 
一次性加载装置10还可以包括邻近试剂筒18的第一端部82的第一医疗试剂驱动器168以及邻近试剂筒18的第一端部82的第二医疗试剂驱动器170(参见图6)。根据各实施例,第一和第二医疗试剂驱动器168、170可以包括在第一端部108与刀片组件20连接的一部分驱动块172。对于这些实施例,第一医疗试剂驱动器168可以可滑动地装配于试剂筒18的主体86的第一部分88中,第二医疗试剂驱动器170可以可滑动地装配于试剂筒18的主体86的第二部分90中。根据各实施例,第一医疗试剂驱动器168可包括如图13和14所示与试剂筒18的主体86的第一部分88接触的电活化聚合物。同样,第二医疗试剂驱动器170可包括与试剂筒18的主体86的第二部分90接触的电活化聚合物。对于这些实施例,第一和第二医疗试剂驱动器168、170都可以电连接到触点174上(参见图14),该触点174邻近一次性加载装置10的第一端部12,并连接到电压源上。 
如同2所示,一次性加载装置10还可以包括连接到驱动块172上的锁定构件176、用于将锁定构件176连接到驱动块172上的保持器178、以及位于刀片组件20附近的滑块180。驱动块172、锁定构件176、保持器178和滑块180可以与本领域公知的类似。一次性加载装置10还可包括连接到驱动块172上的击发构件适配器182。击  发构件适配器182收纳不包括一部分一次性加载装置10的击发构件。 
图4示意性显示出一次性加载装置10的各种实施例。为清楚起见,没有显示出一次性加载装置10的某些部分。第一和第二夹紧构件116、118连接到驱动块172上,锁定构件176和保持器178也连接到驱动块172上。第一医疗试剂驱动器168连接到驱动块172上,滑块180邻近刀片组件20的第二端部110。所示部件相对于通道26的总体位置表示这些部件在击发构件26推进之前的位置(例如预击发位置)。 
图5示意性显示出一次性加载装置10的各种实施例。为清楚起见,没有显示出一次性加载装置10的某些部分。图5类似于图4,所示的第一医疗试剂驱动器168与试剂筒18的主体86的第一部分88对准。所示部件相对于通道26的总体位置表示这些部件在击发构件26推进之前的位置(例如预击发位置)。 
图6示意性显示出一次性加载装置10的各种实施例。为清楚起见,没有显示出一次性加载装置10的某些部分。如图6所示,第一和第二分配口96、102可相对于通道26的基底34以一定角度分别穿过第一和第二部分88、90。 
图7示意性显示出一次性加载装置10的各种实施例。为清楚起见,没有显示出一次性加载装置10的某些部分。所示的砧座组件24相对于图7所示的钉仓22处于打开位置。所示部件相对于通道26的总体位置表示这些部件在击发构件26推进之前的位置(例如预击发位置)。 
图8示意性显示出一次性加载装置10的各种实施例。为清楚起见,没有显示出一次性加载装置10的某些部分。图8与图7类似,但是还显示出试剂筒18的主体86的第一部分88。 
图9示意性显示出一次性加载装置10的各种实施例,图9是图8所示一次性加载装置10的一部分的放大图。 
图10示意性显示出一次性加载装置10的各种实施例,图10是  图8所示一次性加载装置10的一部分的放大图。 
图11示意性显示出一次性加载装置10的各种实施例。为清楚起见,没有显示出一次性加载装置10的某些部分。所示部件相对于通道26的总体位置表示这些部件在击发构件26推进之前的位置(例如预击发位置)。如图11所示,砧座组件24处于闭合位置,刀片组件20、砧座组件24、第一医疗试剂驱动器168、驱动块172以及锁定构件的击发后位置与它们相对于通道26的预击发位置不同。 
图12示意性显示出一次性加载装置的各种实施例,图12是图11所示一次性加载装置10的一部分的放大图。如图12所示,第一医疗试剂驱动器168的击发后位置与第一分配口96之间间隔一定距离。同样,第二医疗试剂驱动器170的击发后位置与第二分配口102之间间隔一定距离。 
图13示意性显示出一次性加载装置10的各种实施例。为清楚起见,没有显示出一次性加载装置10的某些部分。图13与图4类似,但显示出了试剂筒18的主体86的第一部分88,还显示出了实施为电活化聚合物的第一医疗试剂驱动器168。图13还显示出了导体184,将第一医疗试剂驱动器168与触点174电连接。所示部件相对于通道26的总体位置表示这些部件在击发构件26推进之前的位置(例如预击发位置)。 
图14示意性显示出一次性加载装置10的各种实施例。为清楚起见,没有显示出一次性加载装置10的某些部分。图14与图8类似,但是显示出了实施为电活化聚合物的第一医疗试剂驱动器168。图13还显示出了触点174和导体184,该导体184将触点174与第一医疗试剂驱动器168电连接。所示部件相对于通道26的总体位置表示这些部件在击发构件26推进之前的位置(例如预击发位置)。 
图15示意性显示出外科器械200的各种实施例。外科器械200包括手柄组件202、连接到手柄组件202上的细长主体204以及可释放地连接到细长主体204上的一次性加载装置10。一次性加载装置10以任意方式连接到细长主体204上。例如,一次性加载装置10  通过上述连接桩74而可释放地连接到细长主体204上。手柄组件202和细长主体204可以类似于本领域公知的其他手柄组件和细长主体。例如,手柄组件202可以包括用于推进由细长主体204环绕的击发构件的部件,该击发构件推进一次性加载装置10的驱动块172。 
在操作中,当击发构件推进时,击发构件的推进使驱动块172朝着一次性加载装置10的第二端部14推进。当驱动块172推进时,刀片组件20朝着一次性加载装置10的第二端部14推进。刀片组件20的推进使砧销166与砧体154配合,将砧座组件24朝着闭合位置推动。刀片组件20的推进还使滑块180朝着一次性加载装置10的第二端部14推进。当滑块180推进时,滑块180的倾斜前缘顺序地接触支撑在钉仓22中的推动器,使推动器以已知的方式从钉仓22推动外科紧固件。 
根据第一和第二医疗试剂驱动器168、170连接到刀片组件20的实施例,驱动块172的推进使第一和第二医疗试剂驱动器168、170在主体86的第一和第二部分88、90中朝着试剂筒18的第二端部84推进。当第一和第二医疗试剂驱动器168、170推进时,它们与第一和第二密封构件104、106接触,并且推动第一和第二医疗试剂离开第一和第二分配口96、102。由于第一和第二医疗试剂驱动器168、170与第一和第二分配口96、102间隔一定距离,在第一和第二医疗试剂驱动器168、170从其预击发位置推进到击发后位置之后,一些医疗试剂仍然保持容纳在试剂筒18中。 
根据第一和第二医疗试剂驱动器168、170是电活化聚合物的实施例,击发构件的推进使其与触点74电连接,使得电压施加到第一和第二医疗试剂驱动器168、170上。响应于所施加的电压,第一和第二医疗试剂驱动器168、170在试剂筒18的主体86的第一和第二部分88、90中扩张,并且推动第一和第二医疗试剂离开第一和第二分配口96、102。 
当第一突起94和第二突起100用作挡块限制第一和第二医疗试剂沿着沟槽128、130朝着一次性加载装置10的第一端部12流动时,  被推动离开第一和第二分配口96、102的医疗试剂沿着相应的沟槽128、130朝着一次性加载装置10切割表面114推进。当刀片组件20沿着由钉仓22限定的狭槽142推进时,钉仓22还将医疗试剂保持在沟槽128、130中,直到医疗试剂离开沟槽128、130,邻近切割表面114。医疗试剂因此有效地输送到切割和缝合部位。 
单次使用之后,将一次性加载装置10从细长主体204去除,并用另一个一次性加载装置10替换再次使用。该过程可以重复多次。因此,手柄组件202和连接到其上的细长主体204可以使用多次。 
尽管已经描述了各个实施例,但是应当理解,在保持本发明的一些或全部优点的情况下,本领域的技术人员可以进行各种修改、变型和改变。例如,根据各实施例,单个元件可以替换成多个元件,多个元件可以替换成单个元件,以执行给定的功能。因此本申请旨在覆盖所有这些修改、变型和改变,而不背离后附权利要求书公开的范围和精神。 

Claims (7)

1.一种一次性加载装置,包括:
外壳组件;
刀片组件,连接到所述外壳组件上并且具有切割表面;
试剂筒,连接到所述外壳组件上,其中,所述试剂筒装纳医疗试剂,所述一次性加载装置将医疗试剂输送到邻近所述切割表面;以及
与所述试剂筒接触的至少一个医疗试剂驱动器,其中所述至少一个医疗试剂驱动器包括电活化聚合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,所述刀片组件包括第一表面,该第一表面限定邻近所述切割表面的第一沟槽。
3.如权利要求2所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,所述刀片组件还包括与所述第一表面相对的第二表面,所述第二表面限定邻近所述切割表面的第二沟槽。
4.如权利要求2所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,所述试剂筒包括:
主体;以及
由所述主体限定的第一分配口,所述第一分配口与所述第一沟槽流体连通。
5.如权利要求4所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,所述主体还限定了与由所述刀片组件限定的第二沟槽流体连通的第二分配口。
6.如权利要求4所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,所述试剂筒还包括连接到所述主体上的第一密封构件。
7.如权利要求6所述的一次性加载装置,其特征为,所述试剂筒还包括连接到所述主体上的第二密封构件。
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