CN2247392Y - Adjustable current and voltage limiting protector for voltage regulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an adjustable current and voltage limiting protector for a voltage regulator, comprising a housing, a heat rejection bottom plate, a circuit board, a switch circuit which is composed of resistors R< 4 >, R< 5 >, a diode D< 3 > and triodes Q< 4 >, Q< 5 >, a voltage stabilizing circuit which is composed of an R< 1 >, an R< 2 >, a stabilivolt DW< 1 > and a triode Q< 1 >, a protection signal detecting circuit which is composed of an R< 4 >, the first and the second instruction circuits which are respectively composed of a diode D< 1 >, a resistor R< 7 > and a diode D< 2 >, a resistor R< 6 >, a current limiting executive circuit which is composed of triodes Q< 2 >, Q< 3 > and a voltage limiting protection circuit which is composed of resistors R< 1 >, R< 2 >, R< 9 >, stabilivolts DW< 1 > and DW< 2 >. The utility model is suitable for the transition, overvoltage, overload and short-circuit protection of an automotive electronic voltage regulator.

Description

The adjustable current limiting pressure-limiting protective device of voltage regulator

The utility model belongs to adjustable current limliting, the voltage-limiting protector of the electronic voltage controller that a kind of automobile uses.

Be the electronic voltage controller of automobile accessories at present, its series, kind and specification are a lot.But owing to there is not protective circuit, anti-overload ability is low, and superpressure, overcurrent or short circuit moment burn in meeting the loop, sometimes even related generator and the power consumption equipment of burning out.

The purpose of this utility model is at the problems referred to above, provides a kind of and adapts to that different series electronic voltage controller coupling requires, the adjustable current limiting pressure-limiting protective device of voltage regulator.

The adjustable current limiting pressure-limiting protective device of voltage regulator is made up of housing, radiating bottom plate, circuit board and current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit.Adjustment hole is arranged on the housing, 3 binding posts are arranged on the side.

The current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit is made up of switching circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit, guard signal testing circuit, first instruction circuit, second instruction circuit, current limliting executive circuit and voltage-limiting protection circuit.Switching circuit is by resistance R ₄, R ₅, diode D ₉, triode Q ₄And Q ₅Form.Voltage stabilizing circuit is by resistance R ₁, variable resistor R ₂(potentiometer), voltage-stabiliser tube DW ₁, triode Q ₁Form.The guard signal testing circuit is by resistance R ₄Bear.First instruction circuit is by diode D ₁With resistance R ₇Be composed in series, second instruction circuit is by diode D ₂And resistance R ₆Be composed in series.The current limliting executive circuit is by triode Q ₂, Q ₃The compound transistor of forming constitutes.The voltage-limiting protection circuit is by resistance R ₁, R ₂, R ₉, triode Q ₁, voltage-stabiliser tube DW ₁, DW ₂Form.

Under normal circumstances, promptly in the loop of electronic voltage controller, when superpressure, overcurrent and short circuit do not take place, have only switching circuit and voltage stabilizing circuit operate as normal, protective circuit is idle.As load R _LOr when overcurrent, short circuit take place in the system, large power triode Q ₅I _E5, I _Be5With compound transistor Q ₄Ice ₄(I is doubled and redoubled _Be5≈ Iec ₄).Detect resistance R ₅Because of passing through Iec ₄Growth, current potential also increases thereupon, when A point above earth potential reaches the current-limiting protection signal, by first instruction circuit, promptly by diode D ₁And resistance R ₇Signal voltage is passed to triode Q ₁Base stage, trigger triode Q ₁Conducting, Q ₁Conducting, C point current potential reduces immediately, makes triode Q ₄And Q ₅Change into by conducting and to end.At this moment A point current potential transfers electronegative potential to by high potential, causes triode Q ₁End, the C point recovers high potential again, triode Q ₄, Q ₅Conducting is not again got rid of as long as overload, and said process just carries out repeatedly, and the back of fixing a breakdown stops, and in the above-mentioned process of carrying out repeatedly, is the compartment output current, and output current is lower when transshipping comparatively speaking.When load short circuits, A point current potential further increases, when reaching the short-circuit protection signal, by the second instruction circuit diode D ₂, resistance R ₆Signal voltage is passed to triode Q ₂Base stage triggers compound transistor Q ₂, Q ₃Conducting simultaneously, and or else upset cause triode Q ₄, Q ₅Constant ending, thereby cut-off type protective effect when playing short circuit.After pending fault is got rid of, send electricity to recover normal again.The voltage-limiting protection circuit is along with variable resistance R ₂The variation of upper and lower position, contact and resistance, voltage limiting value also change thereupon.Because supply voltage V _{The thigh limit}=V _DB+ V _EG, variable resistance is set up by the designing requirement scope, works as V _EG〉=V _D+ V _WZ+ V _Be1The time (because of the conducting junction voltage of these three kinds of elements is given constants), its pressure limiting signal code is through resistance R ₁, R ₂, voltage-stabiliser tube DW ₁, triode Q _Be1, make triode Q ₁Conducting.C point current potential is transferred to low by height, triode Q ₄With Q ₅End immediately.Generator loses R _LThe field circuit exciting current, output voltage descends, thereupon V _EGDescend triode Q ₁Transfer to again and end Q ₄, Q ₅Conducting again goes round and begins again like this and carries out, and plays the effect of deboost.Its voltage limiting value under the prerequisite of used components set, is that the rule of inverse variation is carried out according to the increase and decrease of resistance between the EG of variable resistance.Also play ultralimit voltage protection effect in addition.In the use, the time wrong adjusting or component parameters change and cause pressure limiting out of control, V is worked as in the generator output voltage surge _DE+ V _EG〉=V _{The limit}The time, (because of V _{The limit}=V _W1+ V _W2+ V _Be1=set point) the guard signal electric current is through resistance R ₈, voltage-stabiliser tube DW ₁With DW ₂Trigger triode Q ₁Base stage and conducting immediately then as above-mentioned process, make triode Q ₄, Q ₅End, conducting is carried out repeatedly, and this just plays the limiting voltage protective effect of setting.Each electric elements of the present utility model are arranged on the circuit board, and circuit board is fixed in the housing.Housing is fixed on the radiating bottom plate, and radiating bottom plate can be made the shape that adapts according to the vehicle needs.

The utility model is simple in structure, can mate (as 6V, 12V, 24V) with the electronic voltage controller of plurality of specifications such as various automobiles, motorcycle.In establish variable resistor, on housing, be provided with adjustment hole, but user's flexible on demand is promptly convenient reliable again.The utility model also can make fixed, after 2 variable resistors are set up, no longer regulates, and housing is provided with adjustment hole 5.In addition, the various protective circuits of the present utility model application that can gather together also can be used separately.

Fig. 1 is the surface structure schematic diagram of first kind of embodiment.Fig. 2 is a current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit schematic diagram, and Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of second kind of embodiment of current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit.The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

The adjustable current limiting pressure-limiting protective device of voltage regulator is made up of housing 1, radiating bottom plate 2,3,3 binding posts 4 of circuit board and current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit.The current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit is made up of switching circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit, guard signal testing circuit, first instruction circuit, second instruction circuit, current limliting executive circuit and voltage-limiting protection circuit.Switching circuit is by resistance R ₄, R ₅, diode D ₃, triode Q ₄, Q ₅Form.R ₅Be variable resistor, Q ₅Be large power triode, resistance R ₄With diode D ₃Series connection.R ₄Last termination power positive end, D ₃Meet Q ₄Base stage.Q ₄Collector electrode pass through resistance R in the B point ₈With load R _LConnect, pass through R ₃Be connected with the P point.R ₅One termination Q ₄Emitter, another termination Q ₅Base stage.Q ₅Collector electrode and load R _LConnect R _LAnother termination power positive end.Q ₅Grounded emitter.Voltage stabilizing circuit is by resistance R ₁, R ₂, voltage-stabiliser tube DW ₁, triode Q ₁Form.R ₂Be variable resistor.R ₁With R ₂Series connection is connected across between the power positive cathode.Adjustable resistance R ₂Contact E and DW ₁Connect DW at the P point ₁With Q ₁Base stage connect.Q ₁Grounded emitter, Q ₁Collector electrode be connected to R ₄With D ₃C point on the line.The guard signal testing circuit is by resistance R ₄Bear.First instruction circuit is by diode D ₁With resistance R ₇Be composed in series.D ₁At Y point and Q ₄Emitter connects, and with variable resistor R ₅Contact (being the adjustable side) connect.Second instruction circuit is by diode D ₂And resistance R ₆Be composed in series.R ₆With Q ₂Base stage connects, D ₂At Y point and Q ₂Emitter and R ₅The contact connect.The current limliting executive circuit is by compound transistor Q ₂, Q ₃Form.Q ₂Grounded emitter, Q ₂Collector electrode and Q ₃Base stage connect Q ₂Base stage and Q ₃Collector electrode connect Q ₃Emitter and R ₄And D ₃C point on the line connects.Q ₂With Q ₃Form compound transistor.Q ₂And Q ₃Available 1 controllable silicon replaces.The voltage-limiting protection circuit is by R ₁, R ₂, R ₃, DW ₂And DW ₁Form.R ₉, DW ₂, DW ₁Series connection, R ₉Connect power positive end, DW ₁Meet Q ₁Base stage.The front had been said R ₁With R ₂Cross-over connection between power positive cathode, R ₂The contact be connected to the P point.Above-mentioned current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit can be complementary with the external iron electronic regulator of automobile generator of various series.

The current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit (see figure 3) of second kind of embodiment of the present utility model can with various series in connect the iron electronic regulator of automobile generator and be complementary, basic principle is identical with first embodiment, descend be that triode adopts PnP pipe, field coil R _LFollowing connection, in connect iron.

The switching circuit of second kind of embodiment (shown in Figure 3) of current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit is by resistance R ₁₀, R ₁₁, triode Q ₆, Q ₇Form R ₁₀Be variable resistor, R ₁₀One termination power anode, another termination Q ₆Emitter, Q ₆Collector electrode pass through R ₁₁With Q ₇Base stage connect.Q ₇Collector electrode connect power positive end, Q ₇Emitter and load R _L(automobile generating utmost point magnet exciting coil) connects, R _LOther end ground connection.Voltage stabilizing circuit is by triode Q ₁₀, voltage-stabiliser tube DW ₃, diode D ₄, resistance R ₁₅, R ₁₆Form, wherein R ₁₅It is variable resistor.R ₁₅, R ₁₆Series connection is connected across between the power positive cathode R ₁₅Contact E ' and D ₄Anodal connection, D ₄With DW ₃Series connection, DW ₃Positive pole and Q ₁₀Base stage connect Q ₁₀Emitter connect power positive end, collector electrode is connected D ₆With R ₁₃A ' point on the line.The guard signal testing circuit is by resistance R ₁₀, triode Q ₆Q _De6With diode D ₅Form.R ₁₀Last termination power positive end, it is termination Q down ₆Emitter, D ₅Positive pole meets Q ₆Base stage, D ₅Negative pole pass through R ₁₄Meet Q ₁₀Base stage.First instruction circuit is by R ₁₂Bear, second instruction circuit is by resistance R ₁₄With diode D ₅Series connection constitutes.Resistance R ₁₄Meet Q ₁₀Base stage, D ₅Positive pole meets Q ₆Base stage, D ₅Negative pole pass through R ₁₄Meet Q ₁₀Base stage.The voltage-limiting protection circuit is by triode Q ₁₀, resistance R ₁₄, R ₁₇With voltage-stabiliser tube DW ₄Form.R ₁₄, DW ₄And R ₁₇Series connection, R ₁₄Meet Q ₁₀Base stage, R ₁₇Ground connection.The current limliting executive circuit is by compound transistor Q ₈, Q ₉Form.Q ₈Emitter connect power positive end, Q ₈Collector electrode meet Q ₉Base stage, Q ₈Base stage meet Q ₉Collector electrode, and in p ' and resistance R ₁₂Connect R ₁₂Connect B ' point.Q ₉Emitter be connected to C ' point.The compound transistor of current limliting executive circuit can replace with 1 controllable silicon, and controllable silicon SCR is connected across between power positive end and C ', its trigger electrode and R ₁₂Connect.Each electric elements of current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit all are fixed on the circuit board 3, and circuit board 3 is fixed in the housing 1, and housing 1 is fixed on the radiating bottom plate 2, and 3 binding posts 4 are arranged on the sidewall of housing 1.

The operation principle of the current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit of second kind of embodiment is identical with embodiment 1.

Claims (3)

1, the adjustable current limiting pressure-limiting protective device of voltage regulator, comprise housing (1), radiating bottom plate (2), circuit board (3), 3 binding posts (4) and current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit, the current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit is by switching circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit, the guard signal testing circuit, first instruction circuit, second instruction circuit, voltage-limiting protection circuit and current limliting executive circuit are formed, the electric elements of current limiting pressure-limiting protective circuit are arranged on the circuit board (3), circuit board (3) is fixed in the housing (1), housing (1) is fixed on the radiating bottom plate (2), three binding posts (4) are fixed on the sidewall of housing (1), it is characterized in that having on the described housing (1) in order to regulate variable-resistance adjustment hole (5); Described switching circuit is by resistance R ₄, R ₅, diode D ₃, triode Q ₄, Q ₅Form R ₅Be variable resistor, R ₄With D ₃Series connection, R ₄Last termination power positive end, D ₃Meet Q ₄Base stage, Q ₄Collector electrode pass through resistance R in the B point ₈With load R _LConnect, pass through R ₃Be connected R with the P point ₅A termination Q ₄Emitter, another termination Q ₅Base stage, Q ₅Collector electrode and R _LConnect Q ₅Grounded emitter; Described voltage stabilizing circuit is by resistance R ₁, R ₂, voltage-stabiliser tube DW ₁, triode Q ₁Form R ₂Be variable resistor, R ₁With R ₂Series connection is connected across between the power positive cathode R ₂Contact E and DW ₁Connect DW at the P point ₁With Q ₁Base stage connect Q ₁Grounded emitter, Q ₁Collector electrode be connected to R ₄With D ₃C point on the line; Described guard signal testing circuit is by resistance R ₄Constitute; First instruction circuit is by diode D ₁And resistance R ₇Series connection constitutes, D ₁At Y point and Q ₄Emitter connect, and with variable resistor R ₅The contact connect, second instruction circuit is by diode D ₂And resistance R ₆Series connection constitutes, R ₆With Q ₂Base stage connects, D ₂At Y point and Q ₂Emitter and R ₅The contact connect; The current limliting executive circuit is by compound transistor Q ₂, Q ₃Form Q ₂Grounded emitter, Q ₂Collector electrode and Q ₃Base stage connect Q ₂Base stage and Q ₃Collector electrode connect Q ₃Emitter connect the C point; The voltage-limiting protection circuit is by resistance R ₁, R ₂, R ₉, voltage-stabiliser tube DW ₂And DW ₁Form R ₉, DW ₂, DW ₁Series connection, R ₉Connect power positive end, DW ₁Meet Q ₁Base stage.

2, the adjustable current limiting pressure-limiting protective device of voltage regulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described switching circuit is by R ₁₀, R ₁₁, triode Q ₆, Q ₇Form R ₁₀Be variable resistor, R ₁₀A termination power anode, another termination Q ₆Emitter, Q ₆Collector electrode pass through R ₁₁With Q ₇Base stage connect Q ₇Collector electrode connect power positive end, Q ₇Emitter be connected the other end ground connection of RL with load RL; Voltage stabilizing circuit is by triode Q ₁₀, voltage-stabiliser tube DW ₃, diode D ₄, resistance R ₁₅, R ₁₆Form R ₁₅Be variable resistor, R ₁₅And R ₁₆Series connection is connected across between the power positive cathode R ₁₅Contact E ' and D ₄Anodal connection, D ₄With DW ₃Series connection, DW ₃Positive pole and Q ₁₀Base stage connect Q ₁₀Emitter connect power positive end, Q ₁₀Collector electrode connect A ' point; The guard signal testing circuit is by resistance R ₁₀, triode Q _Be8With diode D ₅Form.R ₁₀Last termination power positive end, it is termination Q down ₆Emitter, D ₅Positive pole meets Q ₆Base stage, D ₅Negative pole pass through R ₁₄Meet Q ₁₀Base stage; First instruction circuit is by R ₁₂Constitute; Second instruction circuit is by diode D ₅And resistance R ₁₄Be composed in series D ₅Positive pole meet Q ₆Base stage, D ₅Negative pole pass through R ₁₄Meet Q ₁₀Base stage; The voltage-limiting protection circuit is by triode Q ₁₀, resistance R ₁₄, voltage-stabiliser tube DW ₄, resistance R ₁₇Form R ₁₄, DW ₄And R ₁₇Series connection, R ₁₄Meet Q ₁₀Base stage, R ₁₇Ground connection; The current limliting executive circuit is by compound transistor Q ₈, Q ₉Form Q ₈Emitter connect power positive end, Q ₈Collector electrode meet Q ₉Base stage, Q ₈Base stage meet Q ₉Collector electrode, and in P ' and resistance R ₁₂Connect Q ₉Emitter connect C ' point.

3, the adjustable current limiting pressure-limiting protective device of voltage regulator according to claim 2 is characterized in that described current limliting executive circuit is made of 1 controllable silicon SCR, and SCR is connected across between power positive end and C ', its trigger electrode and resistance R ₁₂Connect.

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