CN87103606A - The hermetic feeding device on the self-roasting tank is inserted on a kind of side - Google Patents

Abstract

The electrolyzing fused aluminum oxide of a kind of 60 kilo-amperes is produced the other automatic crust breaking constant volume and unloading device of airtight point type of plugging in soderberg cell of metallic aluminium.System is formed with automatic crust breaker constant-volume blanking device, pneumatic overhang-door or manual overhang-door and pressurized air pipe network.The airtight rate of overhang-door itself is greater than 98%.This device need not opened overhang-door and can carry out automatic point type crust breaking constant-volume blanking, and the gas collecting efficiency of groove can reach 90%.This brings better economic benefits to the production that improves the workshop labor condition, flue gas in an organized way discharges, stablizes the electrolysis metallic aluminium.Because this device is by the existing other self-roasting tank's of inserting small space design and experiment, so when on producing groove, installing, need do what big change to former trench structure.

Description

Hermetic feeding device on the slotting self-roasting tank in a kind of side belongs to electrolyzing fused aluminum oxide and produces on the slotting self-roasting tank in side of metallic aluminium the device of taking the blanking of automatic point type crust breaking, improving the airtight rate of fire door.

As everyone knows, other to insert the self-roasting tank be the early stage technology of electrolytic aluminum, and its advantage is that equipment is simple, less investment, found the factory soon, is that various places medium and small aluminium industry institute generally adopts, but other slotting self-roasting tank exists labor condition and technico-economical comparison is relatively poor, the serious problem of flue gas escape in the production process.

Existing other slot fed in raw material once in per two to four hours, and feeding quantity is 70～140 kilograms; Before reinforced, utilize the outer special-purpose crust breaking machine of groove to smash knot shell And and be pressed in the electrolyzer the topped then aluminum oxide bed of material.In this process, the fused ionogen exposes, the groove temperature fluctuates widely, the roller shutter or the corrugated iron fire door of big face can not be closed, and need often to carry out pinkeye in addition and make an inspection tour, go out less important work and anode workings such as aluminium, and in fact fire door is in normally open, gases such as carbonic acid gas, carbon monoxide, hydrogen fluoride are difficult in an organized way discharge, so that full of smoke, fluorochemical and aluminum oxide dust fly upward, and environment is contaminated.In addition, other slotting self-roasting tank both sides conductive structure is intensive, and the locus is narrow and small, is unfavorable for realizing on the groove mechanize.Also have the distortion of cathode groove shell, have a strong impact on the normal switching of the fire door that is installed on the superstructure column again, this also is that this grooved improves one of little major reason for a long time.Through preliminary search, near during the last ten years both at home and abroad to airtight feed technology with other slot production aluminium, almost there is not any report.

The objective of the invention is to attempt to solve the other self-roasting tank's of inserting airtight feeding question.

The content of invention is on the existing other self-roasting tank's of inserting basis, (point type is meant the tup of crust breaking machine to increase a kind of point type, only hit the shell face regularly a bit on time, after opening or enlarging eyelet, allow material flow into) automatically crust breaking, volumetric feed mechanism and at the hanging fire door (hereinafter to be referred as overhang-door) of electrolyzer two big faces installation light and flexible, good leak tightness.The automatic crust breaking and loading of point type mechanism, every groove dress quadruplet, the strike tup of every cover and tremie pipe are arranged between two anode bars of anode two big faces (seeing figure Fig. 2), the crust breaking machine cylinder is installed on the groove superstructure platform between the anode thorax mouth and hopper, the constant volume device is installed in then that (the every big face of existing 60 kilo-ampere electrolyzers has four tremie pipes on the position of the original tremie pipe of platform lower feed box, the present invention keeps two of intermediary, makes to replenish the usefulness of blanking).The constant volume device divides pneumatic constant volume and two kinds of structural shapes of mechanical constant volume.Machinery constant volume device (see figure 3) is with reference to widely used bucket type constant volume device principle on the prebaked cell, in addition improved in conjunction with the other actual conditions of inserting the self-roasting tank, the action of skip bucket is to utilize the power that hits cylinder, finish by leverage, before hitting every dozen of shells of cylinder (or afterwards), follow the material of next skip capacity, this moment, the feed opening of platform hopper was sealed automatically by angle steel on the skip bucket constant volume device, stopped to fill material.Skip capacity calculates definite according to producing needs, its charging capacity can be 0.5～2 kilogram, be 3～14 minutes the pitch time of per twice crust breaking blanking, the crust breaking blanking time is 7～15 seconds, every groove moves by cornerwise two covering devices at every turn simultaneously, in addition 2 blankings pitch time of 1/2 of staggering.Pneumatic constant volume device (see figure 5) has adopted the creation of Guiyang Institute of Al-Mg-Design, and it is applicable to the occasion that needs the control powder, and it is installed on the same position that is equivalent to mechanical constant volume device; When filling material, material enters the constant volume device by the air-driven chute in hopper exit earlier; Before and after the crust breaking cylinder action, utilize pressurized air with the certain volumetrical aluminum oxide that has been full of in the constant volume device, blow to tremie pipe; Select for use and hit twice next defective material, the pinkeye exhaust is kept clear.Two kinds of constant-volume blanking devices all are to utilize the natural repose angle characteristic of aluminum oxide to realize filling material and sealing.The capacity of the other slot constant volume of 60 kilo-amperes device is generally selected to suit in the scope of 0.5～2 kilogram of material, and volume is excessive to be influenced the installation site and need the prolongation blanking cycle; The too small blanking number of times that then need increase of volume causes equipment to act frequently, and influences equipment life.Automatically the propulsion source of crust breaking and pneumatic volume fixing device is pressurized air (seeing Figure 15 and Figure 16).Timer or robot calculator are adopted in the automatic control of production process.

Big face overhang-door does not adopt roller shutter or corrugated iron, and adopts high strength light alloy section bar to make; Copper roller set is equipped with in the overhang-door both sides; In the time of about overhang-door is in the channel-section steel guide rail, three directions are the contact of rolling, and resistance is very little.One end of two strands of steel cables is hung on the overhang-door middle beam by tackleblock; The other end lumps together to be established open auger on ， And one steel cable therein that links to each other with counterweight and buckles, and is convenient to arbitrarily adjust steel cable length, the centering overhang-door.Overhang-door top and upper part of the electrolytic cell platform coaming plate overlapping are provided with sand seal or felt envelope, prevent that overhang-door from closing the pit outer air and entering.Overhang-door bottom and cathode groove shell contact position are provided with the electrical isolation knot.Also be provided with transparent peep hole on the overhang-door, in order to observing the groove condition.In addition, for overcoming the disadvantageous effect that the pot shell distortion produces the overhang-door guide rail, on on-deformable superstructure platform, guide rail and column are out of gear mesh with guide rail support, and flexible good light sheet or heat resistant rubber cloth are adopted in the sealing in its slit.

Advantage of this device and effect thereof:

1, compact construction, good reliability, maintenance capacity little (the turnaround average out to of cylinder 4 years) can be installed on the feed location suitable between anode and the positive bar, do not influence anode working and supplement production operation;

2, guarantee to puncture the shell face and add aluminum oxide, can form pinkeye naturally, exhaust is unobstructed;

3, add aluminum oxide more at regular time and quantity;

4, this device can be transformed and installation work under function that does not change the existing other self-roasting tank of inserting and primary structure condition, even under the electrolyzer working condition, also can transform;

5, manually overhang-door opens and closes, and it is very little to require great effort; Pneumatic overhang-door push-botton operation is particularly light.

Realize the present invention,, and will reduce labor intensity 5/6 effectively, raise labour productivity not only for the facility modernization of other slot electrolytic aluminium factory lays the first stone.What is more important is carried out automatic continuous charging at other slot anode two big faces, helps the fusion and the diffusion of aluminum oxide, helps dwindling the fluctuating range of groove mild oxidation aluminum concentration, thereby helps the raising of stably manufactured and current efficiency.Meanwhile, big face overhang-door often is able to airtight, and the airtight rate of overhang-door itself surpasses 98% according to surveying and determination, because escape reduces, gas collecting efficiency less than 75%, rises to 90% from original, and flue gas is realized organized discharging, helps purifying the enforcement of recovery operation.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 represents other self-roasting tank's hermetic feeding device front view of inserting.

Fig. 2 represents other self-roasting tank's hermetic feeding device vertical view of inserting.

Fig. 3 is the P-P sectional view of Fig. 1, the profile and the structural map of expression automatic crust breaker tool constant volume and unloading device.

Fig. 4 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 3, and the supporting base figure that bar is connected with tremie pipe is hit in expression.

Fig. 5 is the profile and the structural map of the pneumatic constant volume and unloading device of automatic crust breaking of the another kind of pattern of P-P section among Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 5, represents the internal structure and the outer shape figure of pneumatic constant volume device.

Fig. 7 represents pneumatic overhang-door front view.

Fig. 8 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 7, expression thin plate, skeleton, the interface chart of electrical isolation knot and press strip [9].

Fig. 9 is the E-E view of Fig. 7,2 link position figure of expression guide rail [1] and existing platform.

Figure 10 is the partial enlarged drawing of " I " among Fig. 7, the structure iron of expression door body [5] (comprising the Cortex Cinnamomi Tamalae plate) and transmission rig [12], chute [13].

Figure 11 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 7, and an end of expression soft seal [2] is connected the other end of soft seal [2] and the interface chart of existing column (not shown) with guide rail [1].

Figure 12 is the D-D sectional view of Fig. 7, and expression door body [5] is tied the structural map that is connected of [6] with electrical isolation.

Figure 13 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 7, the figure that cooperates of expression guide rail [1] and side portion's tackleblock [3].

Figure 14 represents manual overhang-door front view.

Figure 15 represents the air-channel system figure of automatic crust breaker tool constant-volume blanking and airtight pneumatic hoist door gear.

Figure 16 represents the air-channel system figure of pneumatic constant-volume blanking of automatic crust breaking and airtight pneumatic hoist door gear.

The specific embodiment of the present invention: by the order that provides figure number, the structure that will install, technical qualification and material therefor etc. are described below respectively:

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 express other front view and the vertical view of inserting self-roasting tank's hermetic feeding device respectively, and imaginary line is represented the other self-roasting tank of inserting of existing 60 kilo-amperes among the figure, and heavy line is the overall arrangement of hermetic feeding device.Can see the gentle moving system of pneumatic overhang-door residing position and overall picture thereof on electrolyzer on the automatic crust breaking blanking device of quadruplet, the two big faces from front view and vertical view.The numbering II is a crust breaking cylinder among Fig. 2, numbering 1 is the gas circuit of hermetic feeding device, numbering 2 and numbering 3 are represented automatic crust breaker tool constant volume and unloading device and the automatic pneumatic constant volume and unloading device of crust breaking respectively among Fig. 1, these two kinds of devices are that each produces the groove test at one, all compulsory exercise can be accurately realized, one can be chosen wantonly when being used to produce.Indicate the structure difference (seeing Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 for details) of machinery and pneumatic blanking device among Fig. 1 on the P-P section, numbering 4 is pneumatic overhang-door.From Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, can be clear that, on existing 60 kilo-ampere grooves, carry out this Unit Installation, need not carry out big change.

Fig. 3 is the P-P section of Fig. 1, finds out the profile and the main structure situation of automatic crust breaker tool constant volume and unloading device from Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and this device is made up of crust breaking machine and mechanical constant-volume blanking device two portions.Crust breaking machine is by cylinder [II], hits bar [5] and tup [4] formation, and its moving process is that the cylinder [II] of diameter 100～125mm drives rectangle strike bar [5] and rectangle tup [4] carries out the point type crust breaking.Getting in touch of crust breaking machine and mechanical constant volume device is the blanking by the connecting rod rotation on movable contact [6] the mechanical constant volume device skip bucket of drive [1] that is contained in crust breaking cylinder [II] piston rod end, tremie pipe of constant volume device [3] and strike bar are with being supported on the supporting base [2], the detailed structure of supporting base as shown in Figure 4, and supporting base [2] itself is fixed on the big bus of the anode electrolytic cell row.The constant volume device is installed on four tremie pipe positions of big the former trough side part in platform bottom of electrolyzer.

Fig. 5 is the pneumatic constant volume and unloading device of automatic crust breaking of the another kind of pattern of P-P section among Fig. 1, and this installs except that the structure of pneumatic constant volume device [1] and supporting base [5] is different, and all the other numberings are all identical with Fig. 3 with explanation.The detailed structure of pneumatic constant volume device [1] as shown in Figure 6.This pneumatic constant volume device by constant volume chamber [6], baffle plate [7], tremie pipe [3], in constant volume chamber [6], have aluminum oxide mobile opening [8], constant volume chamber bottom that one deck air permeable plate or canvas layer [9] are arranged and the air chamber [10] that has a compressed air inlet is formed.The top of constant volume chamber [6] communicates with pneumatic trough.The motion conditions of alumina material in constant volume device [1] is divided into material and blanking two processes of filling, and when not filling material also during not blanking, maintains one deck and baffle plate [7] in constant volume chamber [6] with high material; Fill when material, the material of air-driven chute flows into constant volume chamber [6] after be full of, and air-driven chute quits work; During blanking, make pressurized air enter constant volume chamber [6] through air chamber [10] and air permeable plate [9], material in constant volume chamber this moment [6] is promptly crossed over baffle plate [7] and is flow in the shell hole through tremie pipe [3], when material reduce to baffle plate [7] when high, material stops to flow, be the boiling shape, behind cut-out air chamber [10] source of the gas, material is tranquil thereupon.So just finish pneumatic filling material and blanking cycle.Preferably 1～1.5 kilogram of constant volume chamber [6] charging capacity.Making the constant volume modulator material is steel, will guarantee when making and installing that size is accurately with air tight.

Figure 7 shows that pneumatic overhang-door, the door body [5] of this overhang-door adopts light alloy welded framework and thin aluminum sheet (the local steel sheet of using in pinkeye place) riveted joint to form, and two groups of copper roller set [3] respectively are equipped with in both sides, and this roller set [3] is seen Figure 13 with cooperating of guide rail [1], Any one side or two adjacent surfaces in the guide rail [1] can contact with roller set [3], are rolling resistance during motion.The position that door body [5] bottom and pot shell join is provided with electrical isolation knot [6], and its structure is seen Fig. 8 and Figure 12; The top is provided with press strip [9] and sees Fig. 8, and the felt of corresponding position envelope or sand seal are joined on this press strip [9] and the groove, keep the overhang-door sealing.Overhang-door is provided with two place's peep holes [11].The structural shape of door body [5] is seen Fig. 8.The whole weight of overhang-door is to be fixed on two steel cables [4] on a body [5] intermediate crossbeam by an end to be suspended on the pulley on the overhang-door bearing cross beam [7], the other end of steel cable combines and links to each other with balance weight [8], and on long steel cable [4], establish open auger and buckle, in order to adjust the long centering overhang-door of rope.Be provided with overhang-door handle [10] in order under the unwarrantable situation of air feed in the bottom of door body [5], can throw off transmission rig [12], the switching of manipulation overhang-door.Under the condition that guarantees source of the gas, the power of overhang-door cylinder [1] is realized opening and closing by transmission rig [12] and chute [13].In Figure 10, be three stiffening webs below the chute [13], it act as the suffered power of chute [13] is reached on a body [5] crossbeam.The design of this overhang-door is seen Fig. 9 with general fire door design and installation difference in the past, be overhang-door guide rail [1] be fixed on the groove upper brace to go up And vertical substantially with ground.The guide rail [1] that breaks away from column links to each other with column with soft seal [2], sees Figure 11 (the figure central post is not shown), and the material of soft seal [2] is not subjected to the influence of column distortion with flexible light sheet or special heat resistant rubber cloth to keep overhang-door and guide rail [1].The imaginary line that indicates except that the scope of activity that transmission rig [12] is described on the figure, all the other imaginary lines in Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Figure 12 sign all refer to existing other slot.

Figure 14 shows that manual overhang-door, its structure, material, numbering and section figure number are all identical with the pneumatic overhang-door of Fig. 7.During operation, catch handle [10] with one hand, upwards gently draw or light downwards the pressure, overhang-door can be opened or close.

Figure 15 is the air-channel system of automatic crust breaker tool constant-volume blanking and airtight pneumatic hoist door gear, and this overhang-door cylinder [I], crust breaking cylinder [II], weldless steel tube and rubber hose [3] and valve are formed.Their mutual relationship is: overhang-door cylinder [I] is regulated overhang-door cylinder speed with one-way throttle valve [1], and unlikely generation is impacted when keeping the overhang-door rising or falling speed to suit with incoming terminal; Manual rotary valve [2] is installed on groove, can starts overhang-door at any time; Supply with the gas circuit pipeline [3] of overhang-door cylinder [I] and crust breaking cylinder [II] source of the gas, this pipeline should in position be gone up two road electrical isolations are installed according to practical situation; The magnetic valve [4] that aims at the cylinder piston motion of control crust breaking machine or do not move; The compressed air pipe top that enters the workshop is equipped with the source of the gas processing three linked piece [5] of filtration, mist of oil and pressure regulation.When pipeline is installed, guarantee resistance to air loss.

Figure 16 shows that the air-channel system of pneumatic constant-volume blanking of automatic crust breaking and airtight pneumatic hoist door gear.This system is except that pneumatic constant volume device [6] and control gas circuit element magnetic valve [7] and adjustment valve [8], and all the other are all with the structure of Figure 15 and number identical.

The present invention has four kinds of combinations by the diagram that provides, that is: 1, and automatic crust breaker, mechanical constant-volume blanking device and manual overhang-door; 2, automatic crust breaker, mechanical constant-volume blanking device and pneumatic overhang-door; 3, automatic crust breaker, pneumatic constant-volume blanking device and manual overhang-door; 4, automatic crust breaker, pneumatic constant-volume blanking device and pneumatic overhang-door.These four kinds of combinations are inserted when implementing in the self-baking electrolysis on the side, only need choose any one kind of them; And cooperate with corresponding gas circuit pipeline.

Above-mentioned embodiment has been united on Danjiang River aluminium manufacturer production groove by Guiyang Institute of Al-Mg-Design and Danjiang River aluminium manufacturer and has been finished large-scale experiment respectively, and passed through the technical evaluation of domestic expert group.

This device is plugged in soderberg cell at the side, when on this type of groove, being increased to 80 kilo-amperes or 100 kilo-amperes as electric current, only need widen overhang-door, and suitably strengthen the material capacity of constant volume device by material balance, or, can satisfy the needs of airtight crust breaking blanking at a pair of point type crust breaking blanking device of two big face middle part increases.

Claims (2)

1, the electrolyzing fused aluminum oxide of a kind of 60 kilo-amperes is produced the other self-roasting tank's of inserting of metallic aluminium the automatic crust breaking constant volume and unloading device of airtight point type, system is equipped with four mechanical constant-volume blanking devices or pneumatic constant-volume blanking device by four point type automatic crust breakers on big of each platform trough, establishing an airtight pneumatic overhang-door of fan on each large surface-grooved shell or manually be provided with soft seal between overhang-door, overhang-door guide rail and column and corresponding pipeline is formed, it is characterized in that:

(1) diameter of cylinder of crust breaking machine is 100～125 millimeters, hits bar and tup is rectangle;

(2) mechanical constant-volume blanking device is a bucket type, and its capacity is 0.5～2 kilogram in an aluminum oxide;

(3) fill material and the blanking action of mechanical constant-volume blanking device are by the drive of the power of crust breaking machine;

(4) pneumatic constant-volume blanking device is made of constant volume chamber, baffle plate, tremie pipe, air permeable plate and the air chamber of 0.5～2 kilogram of capacity, the top of the constant volume chamber moving chute of giving a dinner for a visitor from afar, this pneumatic constant volume device fill material and blanking is controlled with pressurized air;

(5) four crust breaking machines are equipped with (or air operated) constant-volume blanking device of four identical machineries, and its position is between two anode bars and soft bus that erect four positions that are suspended from electrolyzer two big faces; Blanking device is installed in former hopper exit; The supporting of joining mutually of the strike bar of crust breaking machine and tremie pipe two portions of blanking device, this supporting are fixed on the positive bar row;

(6) crust breaking and the blanking action that cooperatively interacts, crust breaking expands the eyelet of opening, just the eyelet that flows into of material; The time of twice crust breaking blanking is 3～14 minutes, and the crust breaking blanking action time is 7～15 seconds, 2 blankings simultaneously of the each diagonal lines of every groove, 2 blankings 1/2 pitch time of staggering in addition;

(7) the big manual overhang-door of face is that aluminium alloy extrusions is made, the overhang-door both sides be equipped with copper roller stagger 90 the degree the four rolling groups, the overhang-door lifting is to roll to carry out in guide rail, and by steel cable, tackleblock and counterweight balance, the overhang-door top is provided with felt envelope or sand seal, the overhang-door bottom is provided with the electrical isolation knot;

(8) the big pneumatic overhang-door of face outside its structure is identical with manual overhang-door, also has additional overhang-door cylinder, transmission rig and chute, this overhang-door to open or close with pressurized air be power;

(9) the overhang-door guide rail is mounted on the anode platform and is vertical substantially with ground, between this guide rail and the column with flexible thin sheet material or heat resistant rubber cloth as soft seal;

(10) the slotting self-roasting tank's in the side of this device gas collecting efficiency is 90%, and the airtight rate of overhang-door self is greater than 98%.

2, according to the device of claim 1, preferably 1～1.5 kilogram of the alumina material unit weight of described constant volume device.

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