DE10019342B3 - Consolidation of non-woven webs uses gas jets at critical velocity produced by parallel or convergent nozzles - Google Patents
Consolidation of non-woven webs uses gas jets at critical velocity produced by parallel or convergent nozzles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE10019342B3 DE10019342B3 DE10019342A DE10019342A DE10019342B3 DE 10019342 B3 DE10019342 B3 DE 10019342B3 DE 10019342 A DE10019342 A DE 10019342A DE 10019342 A DE10019342 A DE 10019342A DE 10019342 B3 DE10019342 B3 DE 10019342B3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- jets
- temperature
- fiber
- consolidation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H18/00—Needling machines
- D04H18/04—Needling machines with water jets
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verfestigung von Faser- und/oder Filamentvliesen durch Beaufschlagung des Vlieses mit Strahlen gasförmiger Medien für die Herstellung von bindemittelfreien, leichten und saugfähigen Vliesstoffen.The The invention relates to a process for the consolidation of fiber and / or Filament nonwovens by exposure of the web with rays of gaseous media for the Production of binder-free, lightweight and absorbent nonwovens.
Es
sind bereits Verfahren zur Verfestigung von Vliesen unter Nutzung
von fluiden Medien (Wasserstrahlen, Luft bzw. Dampf) bekannt. Die
Verfestigung mittels Wasserstrahlen wird industriell angewendet.
Die Nutzung von Luft, Dampf bzw. auch Aerosolen ist großtechnisch
noch nicht realisiert worden, da die in Patentschriften angegebenen
technischen Parameter nicht zu ausreichenden Verfestigungseffekten
führten.
Dies trifft z. B. auf die vorgeschlagene Behandlung von Vliesen
mit Luft bei stoßförmiger Einwirkung
oder aus oszillierenden Düsen gemäß
Die
Verwendung von Heißluft
und Dampf (überhitzt
oder Sattdampf) zielt nach
In
gleicher Weise trifft das auf Verfahren zu, welche die Behandlung
von melt-blown – Fasern
mit Gasströmen
und Gasstrahlen zur Verstreckung, Ablage und gegebenenfalls anschließender Verfestigung
beinhalten.
In
einigen anderen Patenten wird die Anwendung von Luftströmen und
-strahlen für
Filamentverteilung und -ablage bei der Herstellung von Spinnvliesstoffen
(
Zur
Verbesserung der im Vergleich zu Wasserstrahlen viel geringeren
Impulswirkung von Luftstrahlen wird in
Das
in
Das
Verfahren zur Verdichtung und Verfestigung von Fasergelegen und
-matten, vorgeschlagen in
Wesentliches
Element eines Verfahrens, beschrieben in
Schließlich ist die WO 95/06 769 anzuführen. Eine Anordnung voneinander getrennter Strahlen, vorzugsweise Dampf (auch im überhitzten Zustand), verwirbelt und/oder schmilzt Fasern vorgelegter Vliese, die aus wenigstens einer thermoplastischen Komponente zusammengesetzt sind. Die Anwendung des Verfahrens ist also – wie in anderen Fällen – an das Vorhandensein solcher Fasern gebunden. Die Geometrie der Strahlen und ihre Geschwindigkeit beim Düsenaustritt sind an die Wasserstrahltechnologie angelehnt. Damit werden die kritischen Bedingungen im Zustand des Dampfes, auch hinsichtlich Druck und Temperatur, jedoch nicht realisiert.Finally is to cite WO 95/06 769. A Arrangement of separate beams, preferably steam (also in the overheated State), swirls and / or melts fibers of laid nonwovens, composed of at least one thermoplastic component are. The application of the method is therefore - as in other cases - to the Presence of such fibers bound. The geometry of the rays and their speed at the nozzle exit are based on the waterjet technology. This will be the critical conditions in the state of vapor, also in terms of pressure and temperature, but not realized.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, bei dem der Einsatz von gasförmigen Arbeitsmedien zur Verfestigung von Vliesen einem wesentlich höheren Verbindungseffekt und eine effektivere Herstellung von verfestigten Vliesstoffen gegenüber dem Stand der Technik ermöglicht.task The invention is to provide a method in which the use of gaseous Working media for the consolidation of nonwovens a much higher connection effect and a more effective production of consolidated nonwovens over the State of the art allows.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Die Unteransprüche beinhalten besonders günstige Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.According to the invention Problem solved by the features of claim 1. The dependent claims include especially cheap Embodiments of the method according to the invention.
Überraschenderweise hat sich bei Prinzipversuchen gezeigt, daß bei Verwendung von Gasstrahlen zur Vliesverfestigung maximale Impulswirkung dann erreicht wird, wenn die Dichte in den Gasstrahlen zwischen 2 und 50 kg/m3 und eine Geschwindigkeit eingestellt wird, die der dem Ruhedruck und der Ruhetemperatur der Gase entsprechenden kritischen Geschwindigkeit gleichkommt.Surprisingly, it has been shown in principle experiments that when using gas jets for web bonding maximum pulse effect is achieved when the density in the gas jets between 2 and 50 kg / m 3 and a speed is set, which corresponds to the static pressure and the rest temperature of the gases equal to critical speed.
Durch den Einsatz von gasförmigen Arbeitsmedien wird im Vergleich zur Wasserstrahlverfestigung eine Vereinfachung der Prozeßgestaltung durch Wegfall der Vliesstoff trocknung und der Wasseraufbereitung und somit eine Einsparung an Energieaufwendungen erreicht. Die spezifischen Festigkeiten der Vliesstoffe bei der Verwendung von Gasen als Arbeitsmedium sind unter Berücksichtigung des Druckniveaus annähernd vergleichbar mit denen der Wasserstrahlverfestigung.By the use of gaseous Working media becomes one compared to hydroentanglement Simplification of process design by Elimination of nonwoven fabric drying and water treatment and thus achieved a saving in energy costs. The specific ones Strengths of the nonwovens in the use of gases as the working medium are under consideration approaching the pressure level comparable to those of hydroentanglement.
Bei der Verwendung von Wasserdampf als Arbeitsmedium werden neben Faserverdichtungen und -verwirbelungen auch thermische Effekte erzielt. Wegen der hohen Sattdampftemperaturen sind dabei hohe Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten möglich.at the use of water vapor as a working medium in addition to fiber compaction and Verwirbelungen also achieved thermal effects. Because of the high Saturated steam temperatures are high working speeds possible.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Die dazugehörigen Zeichnungen zeigen inThe Invention will be explained below with reference to exemplary embodiments. The associated Drawings show in
Das
Verfahrensprinzip der Vliesverfestigung mittels gasförmiger Medien
ist in der
Bei der Verwendung von gasförmigen Medien zur Vliesverfestigung strömt der Gasstrahl mit Schallgeschwindigkeit aus der Düse aus, wenn sich der engste Düsenquerschnitt am Düsenaustritt befindet. Druck, Dichte und Temperatur im austretenden Gasstrahl nehmen die sogenannten kritischen Werte an, die sich aus den physikalischen Bedingungen im Ruhezustand ableiten lassen.at the use of gaseous Media for web consolidation flows the gas jet with speed of sound out of the nozzle, when the narrowest nozzle cross-section at the nozzle exit located. Pressure, density and temperature in the exiting gas jet assume the so-called critical values resulting from the physical Derive conditions at rest.
Beim Einsatz von Wasserdampf als weiteres mögliches gasförmiges Arbeitsmedium zur Vliesverfestigung wird dieser überhitzt, damit trotz der bei der Entspannung des Dampfes stattfindenden Temperaturabsenkung keine Kondensatbildung im Vliesstoff erfolgt. Bei dieser Verfahrensführung wird erreicht, daß das Vlies kein Wasser aufnimmt und somit keine zusätzliche Trocknung erforderlich ist. Bei der Verwendung von Wasserdampf können außerdem Faser/Filamentverwirbelungen mit thermischen Verfestigungseffekten kombiniert werden.At the Use of water vapor as another possible gaseous working medium for nonwoven bonding this is overheated, so despite the at the relaxation of the steam taking place temperature reduction none Condensation takes place in the nonwoven fabric. In this procedure is achieved that Fleece absorbs no water and thus no additional drying required is. When using steam, fiber / filament swirls can also occur combined with thermal consolidation effects.
Die spezifischen Festigkeiten der Vliesstoffe bei der Verwendung von Wasserdampf als Arbeitsmedium sind unter Berücksichtigung des Druckniveaus annähernd vergleichbar mit denen der Wasserstrahlverfestigung.The specific strengths of nonwovens in the use of Water vapor as a working medium are taking into account the pressure levels nearly comparable to those of hydroentanglement.
Beispiel 1:Example 1:
Ein
Polyesterfaservlies mit einer Flächenmasse
von 40 g/m2 wird mit aus Düsenbohrungen austretenden
Druckluftstrahlen beaufschlagt. Die Bohrungen haben einen Abstand
voneinander von 1 mm und sind so gestaltet, daß sich der engste Düsenquerschnitt
am Düsenaustritt
befindet. Der Bohrungsdurchmesser beträgt an der engsten Stelle 0,1 mm.
Die aus den Düsen
austretenden Luftstrahlen erreichen eine Geschwindigkeit von 320
m/s. Entsprechend dem eingestellten Ruhedruck haben die Luftstrahlen
eine Dichte von 37 kg/m3 und der kritische
Druck beträgt
etwa 27 bar. Bei Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten von 20 m/min und beidseitiger
Beaufschlagung des Vlieses mit der Druckluft werden mittlere spezifische
Festigkeiten von ca. 2,5 Nm2/g erreicht. Die
Vliesstruktur vor und nach der Verfestigung ist in der
Beispiel 2:Example 2:
Ein Polypropylenfaservlies mit einer Flächenmasse von 80 g/m2, das auch mit niedrigschmelzenden Bindefasern gemischt sein kann, wird mit überhitzten Wasserdampf mit einem Ruhedruck von 10 bar und einer Ruhetemperatur von 495°K beaufschlagt. Der Dampf erreicht beim Durchströmen der Düsen eine kritische Geschwindigkeit von 570 m/s. Die Dichte der komprimierten Gasstrahlen beträgt 2,15 kg/m3. Das Vlies wird verfestigt (Bild 3), die mittlere spezifische Festigkeit beträgt 2,2–2,8 Nm2/g. Eine Trocknung des Vliesstoffes ist nicht erforderlich, da trotz der bei der Expansion des Dampfes beim Durchtritt durch die Düsen erfolgten Abkühlung die zum kritischen Druck zugehörige Sattdampftemperatur nicht unterschritten wird.A polypropylene fiber fleece with a basis weight of 80 g / m 2 , which may also be mixed with low-melting binder fibers, is exposed to superheated steam at a rest pressure of 10 bar and a quiescent temperature of 495 ° K. The steam reaches a critical velocity of 570 m / s as it flows through the nozzles. The density of the compressed gas jets is 2.15 kg / m 3 . The fleece is solidified (Figure 3), the average specific strength is 2.2-2.8 Nm 2 / g. A drying of the nonwoven fabric is not required because despite the cooling carried out during the expansion of the steam when passing through the nozzles, the saturated steam temperature associated with the critical pressure is not undershot.
Parallel
zur Verdrängung
und Verdichtung der Fasern infolge der kinetischen Energie der auftreffenden
Dampfstrahlen sind Faserverschmelzungen, die erheblich zur Vliesverfestigung
beitragen, feststellbar. Die Vliesstruktur ist in der
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10019342A DE10019342B3 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 2000-03-17 | Consolidation of non-woven webs uses gas jets at critical velocity produced by parallel or convergent nozzles |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1999133360 DE19933360A1 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 1999-07-16 | Process for strengthening fiber and / or filament nonwovens |
DE19933360.2 | 1999-07-16 | ||
DE10019342A DE10019342B3 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 2000-03-17 | Consolidation of non-woven webs uses gas jets at critical velocity produced by parallel or convergent nozzles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE10019342B3 true DE10019342B3 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
Family
ID=35613019
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE10019342A Expired - Lifetime DE10019342B3 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 2000-03-17 | Consolidation of non-woven webs uses gas jets at critical velocity produced by parallel or convergent nozzles |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202008005040U1 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2009-03-19 | Fleissner Gmbh | Device for applying substances by means of hot gases |
DE102007043543A1 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2009-03-19 | Fleissner Gmbh | Production of structured non-woven materials comprises passing unstructured non-woven web containing fusible fibers past hot gas jet, web resting on structured support which moves with it as it passes jet |
DE102007043523A1 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2009-03-19 | Fleissner Gmbh | Mass production of three-dimensionally-textured fabric, places fleece against moving, textured support, pre-compacts and applies steam heating on outer surface |
DE102008025237A1 (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2009-12-03 | Fleissner Gmbh | Device for acting on sheet material by means of a pressurized medium |
DE102009039717A1 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2010-03-25 | Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg | Assembly to generate compressed feed of polymer fleece has rows of air jets also imparting lateral component to the emerging air |
WO2011015172A1 (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2011-02-10 | Fleissner Gmbh | Supply device for operating a water-jet needling system |
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EP0472208B1 (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1995-09-27 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Gas management system for closely-spaced laydown jets |
-
2000
- 2000-03-17 DE DE10019342A patent/DE10019342B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US3441468A (en) * | 1964-12-24 | 1969-04-29 | Glanzstoff Ag | Process for the production of non-woven webs |
US3510389A (en) * | 1965-08-03 | 1970-05-05 | Kendall & Co | Spot-bonded nonwoven fabric |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007043543A1 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2009-03-19 | Fleissner Gmbh | Production of structured non-woven materials comprises passing unstructured non-woven web containing fusible fibers past hot gas jet, web resting on structured support which moves with it as it passes jet |
DE102007043523A1 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2009-03-19 | Fleissner Gmbh | Mass production of three-dimensionally-textured fabric, places fleece against moving, textured support, pre-compacts and applies steam heating on outer surface |
DE202008005040U1 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2009-03-19 | Fleissner Gmbh | Device for applying substances by means of hot gases |
DE102007053030A1 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2009-05-07 | Fleissner Gmbh | Apparatus for contacting fabric with hot gas, e.g. for steam needling of non-wovens, is coordinated with dryer or oven to maximize thermal energy utilization |
DE102008025237A1 (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2009-12-03 | Fleissner Gmbh | Device for acting on sheet material by means of a pressurized medium |
DE102009039717A1 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2010-03-25 | Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg | Assembly to generate compressed feed of polymer fleece has rows of air jets also imparting lateral component to the emerging air |
WO2011015172A1 (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2011-02-10 | Fleissner Gmbh | Supply device for operating a water-jet needling system |
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