DE102013210716A1 - Method for producing abrasive bodies for a grinding tool - Google Patents
Method for producing abrasive bodies for a grinding tool Download PDFInfo
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- DE102013210716A1 DE102013210716A1 DE102013210716.1A DE102013210716A DE102013210716A1 DE 102013210716 A1 DE102013210716 A1 DE 102013210716A1 DE 102013210716 A DE102013210716 A DE 102013210716A DE 102013210716 A1 DE102013210716 A1 DE 102013210716A1
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- Prior art keywords
- crystals
- template
- abrasive
- natural
- grinding tool
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1409—Abrasive particles per se
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Schleifmittelkörpern (1) für ein Schleifwerkzeug, aufweisend die Verfahrensschritte: – Bereitstellen eines natürlichen Musterkörpers mit komplexer Morphologie; – Ausbilden einer Matrize durch wenigstens teilweises Abformen des natürlichen Musterkörpers; – Entfernen des natürlichen Musterkörpers von der Matrize; – Ausbilden von Kristallen an der Matrize; – Entfernen der Matrize von den Kristallen; und – Sintern der Kristalle zur Herstellung der Schleifmittelkörper (1).The invention relates to a method for producing abrasive bodies (1) for a grinding tool, comprising the method steps: - providing a natural sample body with a complex morphology; - Forming a die by at least partially molding the natural sample body; - removing the natural sample body from the die; - Forming crystals on the matrix; - removing the matrix from the crystals; and - sintering the crystals to produce the abrasive bodies (1).
Description
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Schleifwerkzeuge werden zu verschiedenen Schleifzwecken eingesetzt und sind in vielfältigen Ausgestaltungen bekannt. Ein Schleifwerkzeug kann zum Beispiel einen Grundkörper, beispielsweise aus Papier oder einem Gewebe, aufweisen, an dem Schleifmittelkörper angeordnet sind. Alternativ kann ein Schleifwerkzeug vollständig aus miteinander verbundenen Schleifkörpern ausgebildet sein. Die Schleifeigenschaften eines Schleifwerkzeugs sind im Wesentlichen durch die Eigenschaften der Schleifmittelkörper bestimmt, welche üblicherweise aus natürlichen oder synthetischen Kornwerkstoffen gebildet sind.Abrasive tools are used for various grinding purposes and are known in various designs. A grinding tool may, for example, a base body, for example made of paper or a fabric, on which abrasive body are arranged. Alternatively, a grinding tool may be formed entirely of interconnected abrasive bodies. The grinding properties of a grinding tool are essentially determined by the properties of the abrasive bodies, which are usually formed from natural or synthetic grain materials.
Während des Einsatzes von herkömmlichen Schleifwerkzeugen kann es dazu kommen, dass die Ecken der Schleifmittelkörper durch Materialabtrag abgerundet und somit stumpf werden, wodurch die Schleifwirkung eines solchen Schleifwerkzeugs nachlässt.During the use of conventional grinding tools, it can happen that the corners of the abrasive body are rounded off by material removal and thus dull, whereby the grinding effect of such a grinding tool decreases.
Aus der Veröffentlichung
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Schleifmittelkörpern für ein Schleifwerkzeug, aufweisend die Verfahrensschritte:
- – Bereitstellen eines natürlichen Musterkörpers mit komplexer Morphologie;
- – Ausbilden einer Matrize durch wenigstens teilweises Abformen des natürlichen Musterkörpers;
- – Entfernen des natürlichen Musterkörpers von der Matrize;
- – Ausbilden von Kristallen an der Matrize;
- – Entfernen der Matrize von den Kristallen; und
- – Sintern der Kristalle zur Herstellung der Schleifmittelkörper.
- - Providing a natural specimen with complex morphology;
- Forming a template by at least partially molding the natural pattern body;
- Removing the natural specimen from the die;
- - Forming crystals on the die;
- Removing the template from the crystals; and
- Sintering the crystals to produce the abrasive bodies.
Die gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten, kristallinen Schleifmittelkörper weisen eine, insbesondere poröse, Morphologie auf, welche der komplexen Morphologie des verwendeten natürlichen Musterkörpers entspricht. Mit komplexer Morphologie ist im Rahmen dieser Erfindung gemeint, dass der natürliche Musterkörper eine Porosität, insbesondere eine hohe Porosität und scharfe Kanten aufweist. Hierdurch wird ein solcher Schleifmittelkörper selbst bei einem Materialabtrag an dem Schleifmittelkörper nicht abgerundet und somit nicht stumpf, so dass ein entsprechend ausgestattetes Schleifwerkzeug bei seiner Verwendung eine gleichbleibende Schleifwirkung aufweist.The crystalline abrasive bodies produced according to the process of the invention have a, in particular porous, morphology, which corresponds to the complex morphology of the natural specimen body used. By complex morphology is meant in the context of this invention that the natural specimen body has a porosity, in particular a high porosity and sharp edges. As a result, such an abrasive body is not rounded even when a material removal on the abrasive body and thus not blunt, so that a suitably equipped grinding tool has a consistent abrasive action when used.
Als natürlicher Musterkörper kommt beispielsweise ein Teil einer Schale eines Seeigels in Betracht. Insbesondere kann der natürliche Musterkörper aus Kalziumcarbonat gebildet sein.As a natural sample body, for example, a part of a shell of a sea urchin comes into consideration. In particular, the natural specimen body may be formed of calcium carbonate.
Der natürliche Musterkörper kann vor der Ausbildung der Matrize gereinigt werden. Diese Reinigung kann beispielsweise mittels eines Ultraschallreinigungsbades erfolgen. Ein entsprechendes Ultraschallbad kann beispielsweise Ethanol enthalten.The natural specimen body can be cleaned prior to forming the die. This cleaning can be done for example by means of an ultrasonic cleaning bath. A corresponding ultrasonic bath may contain, for example, ethanol.
Durch das Sintern der kristallinen Schleifmittelkörper, beispielsweise bei etwa 1500 °C, kann die Härte der Schleifmittelkörper eingestellt werden. Hierdurch lassen sich beispielsweise Schleifmittelkörper mit einer Härte von 200 bis 1800 HV (Vickershärte) herstellen.By sintering the crystalline abrasive bodies, for example at about 1500 ° C, the hardness of the abrasive bodies can be adjusted. As a result, for example, abrasive body with a hardness of 200 to 1800 HV (Vickers hardness) can be produced.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung wird die Matrize durch Polymerisation eines in einer den natürlichen Musterkörper infiltrierenden Lösung enthaltenen Monomers ausgebildet. Die das Monomer enthaltende Lösung kann dreizehn Teile Methylmethacrylat zu sieben Teilen Ethylacrylat sowie 1% eines Initiators, beispielsweise Benzoylperoxid, enthalten. Die das Monomer enthaltene Lösung kann durch Anwendung eines Vakuums in den natürlichen Musterkörper infiltriert und/oder zusammen mit dem natürlichen Musterkörper zur Polymerisation des Monomers über einen vorgebbaren Zeitraum wärmebehandelt werden. Beispielsweise kann eine Wärmebehandlung über etwa zwei Tage bei etwa 60 °C erfolgen, um die Polymerisierung durchzuführen.According to an advantageous embodiment, the matrix is formed by polymerization of a monomer contained in a solution infiltrating the natural sample body. The monomer-containing solution may contain thirteen parts of methyl methacrylate to seven parts of ethyl acrylate and 1% of an initiator such as benzoyl peroxide. The solution containing the monomer may be infiltrated into the natural specimen by applying a vacuum and / or heat treated together with the specimen natural specimen to polymerize the monomer for a preselected period of time. For example, a heat treatment may be carried out at about 60 ° C for about two days to carry out the polymerization.
Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung wird der natürliche Musterkörper durch einen Ätzvorgang von der Matrize entfernt. Der natürliche Musterkörper kann beispielsweise unter Verwendung einer Salzsäure von der Matrize entfernt werden. Hierzu kann zum Beispiel eine Lösung verwendet werden, welche zu etwa 37% Salzsäure enthält und in die der natürliche Musterkörper für etwa 30 Minuten eingetaucht wird. Nach dem Entfernen des natürlichen Musterkörpers von der Matrize kann die Matrize beispielsweise mit gereinigtem Wasser gewaschen und unter Vakuum getrocknet werden.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the natural sample body is removed by an etching of the template. For example, the natural specimen can be removed from the template using hydrochloric acid. For this purpose, for example, a solution may be used which contains about 37% hydrochloric acid and in which the natural sample body is immersed for about 30 minutes. For example, after removing the natural sample body from the template, the template may be washed with purified water and dried under vacuum.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass die Kristalle an der Matrize durch Mineralisierung von anorganischen Anionen und Kationen ausgebildet werden, die in in die Matrize infiltrierenden Lösungen enthalten sind. Hierzu kann die Matrize beispielsweise zwischen zwei Armen eines U-Rohrs angeordnet werden, wobei in einen Arm des U-Rohrs eine die anorganischen Kationen enthaltene kationische Lösung und in den anderen Arm des U-Rohrs eine die anorganischen Anionen enthaltende anionische Lösung eingebracht wird. Alternativ kann die Matrize in einer mit den anorganischen Kationen und den anorganischen Anionen übersättigten Lösung angeordnet werden, wobei die Bildung der Kristalle an der Matrize durch kontrollierte Verdampfung der übersättigten Lösung erfolgen kann.A further advantageous embodiment provides that the crystals are formed on the matrix by mineralization of inorganic anions and cations contained in solutions infiltrating into the matrix. For this purpose, the die can be arranged for example between two arms of a U-tube, wherein in one arm of the U-tube, a cationic solution containing the inorganic cations and in the other arm of the U-tube containing the inorganic anions anionic solution is introduced. Alternatively, the template can be placed in a solution supersaturated with the inorganic cations and the inorganic anions, whereby the formation of the crystals on the template can be accomplished by controlled evaporation of the supersaturated solution.
Es wird weiter als vorteilhaft erachtet, wenn als anorganische Kationen Alumini um-Kationen (Al3+) und als Anionen Hydroxid-Anionen (OH–) verwendet werden. Durch die Mineralisierung lassen sich somit Kristalle aus Aluminiumhydroxid (Al(OH)3) bilden. Durch das Sintern dieser Kristalle können Schleifmittelkörper aus Aluminiumoxid (Al2O3) hergestellt werden.It is further considered advantageous if aluminum cations (Al 3+ ) are used as inorganic cations and hydroxide anions (OH - ) are used as anions. Due to the mineralization, crystals of aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3 ) can be formed. By sintering these crystals, abrasive bodies of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) can be produced.
Vorzugsweise wird die Mineralisierung bei Zimmertemperatur durchgeführt. Hierdurch lässt sich der für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erforderliche Energieaufwand reduzieren.Preferably, the mineralization is carried out at room temperature. This makes it possible to reduce the energy required for the process according to the invention.
Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Matrize von den Kristallen durch Auflösen der Matrize entfernt wird. Hierzu kann die mit den Kristallen versehene Matrize beispielsweise in einer Chloroform enthaltenden Lösung angeordnet werden.It is also suggested that the template be removed from the crystals by dissolving the template. For this purpose, the template provided with the crystals can be arranged, for example, in a solution containing chloroform.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist des Weiteren ein Schleifmittelkörper für ein Schleifwerkzeug, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schleifmittelkörper gemäß dem Verfahren nach einer der vorgenannten Ausgestaltungen oder einer beliebigen Kombination derselben hergestellt ist. Damit sind die oben mit Bezug auf das Verfahren genannten Vorteile verbunden.The subject matter of the invention is furthermore an abrasive body for a grinding tool, characterized in that the abrasive body is produced according to the method according to one of the aforementioned embodiments or any combination thereof. This involves the advantages mentioned above with regard to the method.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung weist der Schleifmittelkörper eine Härte von etwa 200 HV bis etwa 1800 HV auf.According to an advantageous embodiment, the abrasive body has a hardness of about 200 HV to about 1800 HV.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ferner ein Schleifwerkzeug, gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens einen Schleifmittelkörper nach einer der vorgenannten Ausgestaltungen des Schleifmittelkörpers oder einer beliebigen Kombination derselben. Damit sind die oben mit Bezug auf das Verfahren bzw. auf den Schleifmittelkörper genannten Vorteile verbunden.The invention further provides a grinding tool, characterized by at least one abrasive body according to one of the aforementioned embodiments of the abrasive body or any combination thereof. This involves the advantages mentioned above with regard to the method or to the abrasive body.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die anliegende Figur anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels exemplarisch erläutert, wobei die nachfolgend dargestellten Merkmale sowohl jeweils für sich genommen als auch in verschiedener Kombination miteinander einen Aspekt der Erfindung darstellen können. Es zeigtIn the following, the invention will be explained by way of example with reference to the attached figure with reference to a preferred exemplary embodiment, wherein the features shown below may represent an aspect of the invention both individually and in various combinations with one another. It shows
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte Nicht-PatentliteraturCited non-patent literature
- „Growth of single crystals in structured templates“, Journal of Material Chemistry, 2006, 16, 408–416 [0003] "Growth of single crystals in structured templates", Journal of Material Chemistry, 2006, 16, 408-416 [0003]
Claims (10)
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Cited By (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9428681B2 (en) | 2012-05-23 | 2016-08-30 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Shaped abrasive particles and methods of forming same |
US9440332B2 (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2016-09-13 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. | Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles |
US9457453B2 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2016-10-04 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc./Saint-Gobain Abrasifs | Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles |
US9517546B2 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2016-12-13 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive articles including abrasive particulate materials, coated abrasives using the abrasive particulate materials and methods of forming |
US9566689B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2017-02-14 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. | Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles |
US9567505B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2017-02-14 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive particles having complex shapes and methods of forming same |
US9598620B2 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2017-03-21 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive articles including abrasive particles of silicon nitride |
US9604346B2 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2017-03-28 | Saint-Gobain Cermaics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles |
US9676980B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2017-06-13 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles |
US9676981B2 (en) | 2014-12-24 | 2017-06-13 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Shaped abrasive particle fractions and method of forming same |
US9676982B2 (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2017-06-13 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Particulate materials and methods of forming same |
US9707529B2 (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2017-07-18 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Composite shaped abrasive particles and method of forming same |
US9765249B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2017-09-19 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Shaped abrasive particle and method of forming same |
US9771507B2 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2017-09-26 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Shaped abrasive particle including dopant material and method of forming same |
US9783718B2 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2017-10-10 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Shaped abrasive particles and methods of forming same |
US9803119B2 (en) | 2014-04-14 | 2017-10-31 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles |
US9902045B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2018-02-27 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. | Method of using an abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles |
US9914864B2 (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2018-03-13 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Shaped abrasive particles and method of forming same |
US9938440B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2018-04-10 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc./Saint-Gobain Abrasifs | Fixed abrasive articles and methods of forming same |
US10106714B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2018-10-23 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles |
US10196551B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2019-02-05 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. | Fixed abrasive articles and methods of forming same |
US10280350B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2019-05-07 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Composite shaped abrasive particles and method of forming same |
US10557067B2 (en) | 2014-04-14 | 2020-02-11 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles |
US10563105B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2020-02-18 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles |
US10711171B2 (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2020-07-14 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles |
US10759024B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2020-09-01 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles |
US10865148B2 (en) | 2017-06-21 | 2020-12-15 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Particulate materials and methods of forming same |
US11230653B2 (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2022-01-25 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. | Fixed abrasive articles and methods of forming same |
US11718774B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2023-08-08 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive particles and methods of forming same |
US11926019B2 (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2024-03-12 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive articles and methods of forming same |
US11959009B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2024-04-16 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive particles and methods of forming same |
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2013
- 2013-06-10 DE DE102013210716.1A patent/DE102013210716A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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"Growth of single crystals in structured templates", Journal of Material Chemistry, 2006, 16, 408-416 |
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US9517546B2 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2016-12-13 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive articles including abrasive particulate materials, coated abrasives using the abrasive particulate materials and methods of forming |
US10428255B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2019-10-01 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Shaped abrasive particle and method of forming same |
US11453811B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2022-09-27 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Shaped abrasive particle and method of forming same |
US10280350B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2019-05-07 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Composite shaped abrasive particles and method of forming same |
US9765249B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2017-09-19 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Shaped abrasive particle and method of forming same |
US11859120B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2024-01-02 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive particles having an elongated body comprising a twist along an axis of the body |
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US10106715B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2018-10-23 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive particles having complex shapes and methods of forming same |
US9676980B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2017-06-13 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles |
US11649388B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2023-05-16 | Saint-Gobain Cermaics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive particles having complex shapes and methods of forming same |
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US10106714B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2018-10-23 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles |
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US9676982B2 (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2017-06-13 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Particulate materials and methods of forming same |
US10179391B2 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2019-01-15 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. | Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles |
US9457453B2 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2016-10-04 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc./Saint-Gobain Abrasifs | Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles |
US11590632B2 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2023-02-28 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. | Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles |
US10668598B2 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2020-06-02 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc./Saint-Gobain Abrasifs | Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles |
US9604346B2 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2017-03-28 | Saint-Gobain Cermaics & Plastics, Inc. | Abrasive article including shaped abrasive particles |
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