DE102015001723A1 - The method of improving the characteristics of lighting devices with a front lighting of the light guide, which include the luminophore, which is illuminated with semiconductor structures. - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical problems solved in the invention are formulated as follows: - Production of a comfortable, harmless to the eyes lighting. - Uniform light distribution in the field of the lighting device. - Light distribution, which is determined in the field of the light device. - Efficient use of energy - Long service life. - compactness. - Easy installation. For the solution of these objects, the invention proposes the application of the principle of the staggered luminophore. In the proposed solution, the luminophore (4) is removed from the crystal (3) emitting the primary radiation or from the light emitting diode at a certain distance and deposited in the light guide body (2). The luminophore layer (4) is applied in the recesses and / or grooves (8) of the light guide (2) at its end faces. These recesses and / or grooves (8) can assume different cross-sectional shapes. These grooves and / or recesses (8) can be distributed arbitrarily on the end faces of the light guide. For a more efficient dissipation of light (10) from the luminophore surfaces, reflective surfaces (7) can be arranged in the body of the light guide outside of the recesses and / or grooves. The function of the reflective surfaces (7) can take over the lateral and end walls of the light guide. The shape of the reflective surfaces (7) may be flat, curvilinear or combined. The reflective surfaces (7) may surround all lateral sides of each depression and / or groove.

Description

Technical field of the invention

• – Erzeugung eines komfortablen und für das Auge unschädlichen Lichtes;
• – Gleichmäßige Verteilung des Lichtes im Felde des Leuchtgerätes;
• – Festgelegte Lichtverteilung im Felde des Leuchtgerätes;
• – Effiziente Energienutzung;
• – Große Nutzungsdauer;
• – Kompaktheit;
• – Bequeme Montage;
• – Ästhetisch ansprechend.

The invention is directed to increasing the effectiveness and other main characteristics of the lighting devices. It belongs to the device of lighting devices and light panels, in which the illumination of the end faces of the light guide by semiconductor light emitting diodes (LEDs) or their crystals. These lighting devices are suitable for lighting the rooms, billboards, for various types of brightening. Their important features are:

• - Creating a comfortable and harmless to the eye light;
• - uniform distribution of light in the field of the lighting device;
• - Specified light distribution in the field of the lighting device;
• - efficient use of energy;
• - Great service life;
• - compactness;
• - Easy installation;
• - Aesthetically appealing.

2. Current state of the art

• – Minderung der Absorption der sekundären Lichtstrahlung seitens des Kristalls.
• – Erhöhung der nützlichen Lichtabgabe.
• – Minderung des Aufwärmens des Luminophors.
• – Erhöhung der Stabilität der Luminophor-Eigenschaften.
• – Erhöhung der Nutzungsdauer des Luminophors.

The method of staggered luminophore has long been known and is often used. The removal of the luminophore from the luminous crystal gives positive properties:

• - Reduction of the absorption of secondary light radiation by the crystal.
• - Increase the useful light output.
• - Reduction of the warm-up of the luminophore.
• - Increasing the stability of the luminophore properties.
• - Increasing the useful life of the luminophore.

One can highlight major groups of inventions using this method.

1st group with a transition of the media boundary through the air once or twice.

This is the largest group of inventions with an offset luminophore. It consists of various lamps, headlights, lights, tubes, etc. In these luminaires, the light crosses once or twice the medium limit over the air before leaving the luminaire. The light loses energy each time it crosses the media boundary with a large refractive index. Therefore, this group of inventions suffers from a significant loss of energy.
Disadvantage: significant energy loss.
Some inventions that belong to this group are:
US20060239006 ; US20080218993 ; US20080170296 ; US20090273918 ; CN101793355 ; EP2146133 ; WO2011109094 ; WO2011109092 ; WO2011109100 ; US20110227469 ; US20110267801 ; US20110227102 ; WO2011146677 ; WO2011109096 ; WO2011109099 ; WO2011081644 ; WO2011050267 ; US20110215701 ; US20110215700 ; WO2011109091 ; CN102077011 ; WO2012011936 ; WO2012091975 ; US20120224363 ; CN102721007 ; WO2012151156 ; WO2012145190 ; WO2012154433 ; US20120280256 ; US20120293062 ; CN102859260 ; US20130051003 ; US20130027904 ; WO2013029960 ; WO2013055552 ; US20130094178 ; WO2013093750 ; WO2013171610 ; US20130229104 ; WO2013015902 ,

2nd group of LEDs

This group includes the inventions of light sources with an offset luminophore in the form of a light-emitting diode. These light sources are not suitable for the above applications. They require additional light-scattering devices because they have a high concentration of points of light energy and thereby injure the retina of the eye or at least can cause a very unpleasant feeling.
Some inventions of this group are:
WO2010143086 ;
US20110031516 ; US20120299017 ; EP2513553 ; US20120181565 ; WO2012091971 ; WO2012091973 ; EP2441098 ; WO2012001645 ; US20130264947 ; WO2013163573 ; WO2013147986 ; WO2013102861 ; US20130270587 ; US20130092969 ; WO2013055412 ,

3. LED with cross-lighting

On one side of the flat LED the luminophore was applied. The other side of the surface is irradiated with blue crystals or blue light emitting diodes. The result is a field of bright spots. These inventions fit well where a high concentration of directional light is required, e.g. For example, headlamps, indicator panels, etc. To solve our task of achieving brightness that is acceptable to the eye and a comfortable light, additional energy losses and bulkiness could be expected.
Disadvantages: 1. For a comfortable, even distribution of the energy of the spots, additional scattering bodies, which would lead to energy loss, are required.
2. The additional scattering devices are bulky.
This group includes: WO2013139309 . WO2013168037 ,

4. Light guide, illuminated along its body

There are many lighting devices known whose optical fibers are illuminated from the front pages. In our invention we also use a light guide that is illuminated from the front. With this method one can achieve an even distribution of the light in the field of the luminaire, which is also one of our tasks.
For the illumination of the light guide at the end faces usually light-emitting diodes or chips are used with applied luminophore.
Some inventions with the illumination of the light guide on its front sides:
JP2007179875A ; WO2007049847 ; WO2009102066 ; JP2010282184 ; US20100254121 ; JP2010093226 ; WO2011103535 ; JP2011108520 ; JP2011171211 ; WO2011057457 ; US20130051069 ; WO2013139309 ,

Summary and conclusion

• – Es ist eine große Anzahl von Leuchtgeräten mit der Stirnseitenbeleuchtung des Lichtleiters bekannt.
• – Das Prinzip des vom Kristall der Leuchtdiode entfernten Luminophors ist bekannt und weit verbreitet.
• – Es sind lichtleitende Platten mit versetzt eingebrachtem Luminophor bekannt, die quer zum Lichtleiter beleuchtet werden. Sie sind aber wenig für die Herstellung eines komfortabel verteilten Lichtes geeignet.

From the prior art follows:

• - There are a large number of lighting devices with the front lighting of the light guide known.
• The principle of the luminophore removed from the crystal of the light-emitting diode is known and widespread.
• - There are light-conducting plates with offset introduced luminophore are known, which are illuminated across the light guide. But they are little suitable for the production of a comfortably distributed light.

From the prior art it follows that the problem of increasing the efficiency and producing a comfortable scattered light are current today. It follows from the prior art that many try to solve this problem. But the existing technical solutions are not able to meet these demands.

3. Presentation of the invention

issues

1. High point concentration of the brightness of the LED radiation

A typical solution to this problem is the use of scattering screens. However, this method leads to energy losses and is often too bulky.

2. Near arrangement of the luminophore at the crystal

• – Wesentlicher Energieverlust. Der Leuchtkristall besitzt eine hohe Absorptionsfähigkeit, deshalb absorbiert der Kristall einen Teil der Luminophor-Strahlung. Dies führt zu einer Minderung des Austrittes der nützlichen Lichtstrahlung.
• – Senkung der Qualitätskennwerte des Lichtes. Im Fall der Überhitzung des Luminophors verändert sich das Spektrum der Luminophor-Strahlung und entsprechend die Farbbalance der Leuchte. Dies verschlechtert die Qualität des Lichtes.
• – Wesentliche Verkürzung der Nutzungsdauer der Leuchtdiode. Während des Betriebes erwärm sich der Kristall wesentlich, entsprechend wird der naheliegende Luminophor erhitzt. Im Ergebnis der Überhitzung des Kristalls und Luminophors verkürzt sich wesentlich die Nutzungsdauer der gesamten Leuchtdiode.

In the light-emitting diodes the luminophore is often applied directly to the crystal or from it at a small distance. An obvious arrangement of the luminophore leads to the following problems:

• - Substantial energy loss. The luminous crystal has a high absorption capacity, therefore, the crystal absorbs a part of the luminophore radiation. This leads to a reduction of the exit of the useful light radiation.
• - Reduction of the quality characteristics of the light. In the case of overheating of the luminophore, the spectrum of the luminophore radiation changes and, accordingly, the color balance of the luminaire. This deteriorates the quality of the light.
• - Significant shortening of the service life of the light emitting diode. During operation, the crystal heats up significantly, accordingly the nearby luminophore is heated. As a result of the overheating of the crystal and luminophore significantly shortens the useful life of the entire light emitting diode.

The solution

• – Herstellung einer komfortablen, für die Augen unschädlichen Beleuchtung.
• – Gleichmäßige Lichtverteilung im Feld des Leuchtgerätes.
• – Lichtverteilung, die im Feld des Leuchtgerätes festgelegt wird.
• – Effiziente Energienutzung
• – Lange Nutzungsdauer.
• – Kompaktheit.
• – Bequeme Montage.

The technical tasks solved in the invention are formulated as follows:

• - Creating a comfortable, harmless to the eyes lighting.
• - Uniform light distribution in the field of the lighting device.
• - Light distribution, which is determined in the field of the light device.
• - Efficient use of energy
• - Long service life.
• - compactness.
• - Easy installation.

For the solution of these objects, the invention proposes the application of the principle of the staggered luminophore. In the proposed solution, the luminophore is removed from the crystal emitting the primary radiation or from the LED at a certain distance and deposited in the optical fiber body. The use of a remote luminophore allows an increase in the useful light output of the light device and an increase in the useful life.

• – Die Übertragung des Luminophors aus der unmittelbaren Kristallnähe in die entfernten Vertiefungen, die an den Stirnseiten des Lichtleiters angebracht wurden.
• – Ausrichtung entlang dem Lichtleiterkörper des von den Luminophor-Oberflächen abgehenden Lichtes mit Nutzung der reflektierenden Oberflächen, die an den Stirnseiten des Lichtleiters angeordnet sind.

New in the proposed solution is:

• - The transfer of the luminophore from the immediate vicinity of the crystal in the removed recesses, which were attached to the end faces of the light guide.
• - Alignment along the light guide body of the outgoing of the luminophore surfaces light with the use of the reflective surfaces, which are arranged at the end faces of the light guide.

The luminophore should be applied in the grooves, resulting in a uniform distribution of Light radiation allows. Thus, one can reduce the Punktartigkeit the light source and reach at the end face of the light guide a uniformly distributed light. It is only possible to apply the luminophore in the recesses or in the combinations of recesses and grooves, if this corresponds to the tasks of the designer or the designer. It should be noted that at the remote application of the luminophore in the body of the light guide, the light guide body is used for the dissipation of heat from the luminophore, which arises during the process of light conversion in the luminophore. Thus, the designer can create conditions that the luminophore will not overheat during operation.

In order to get a more evenly distributed light, it is suggested that the light along the light guide body and not across, as in the prototype - application WO2013139309 . WO2013168037 - was made to lead. During the conversion process, no light emerges from the fiber optic body, so there is no energy loss at the media boundaries. The alignment of the light along the fiber optic body allows a uniform distribution of light on the surface of the fiber without the use of additional scatterers and thus without corresponding losses.

The technical solution offered in this invention leads to results that can not be achieved with the known prototypes.

Focus of the invention

In this invention, it is proposed to move a part of the structure of the light emitting diode, the luminophore, and to arrange it on the end face of the light guide. For this purpose, recesses and / or grooves are made on the end faces of the light guide, on the surfaces of which the luminophore is applied.

After application of the luminophore, the wells and / or the grooves are filled with a transparent mass. On the front side of the light guide, a plate with integrated light-emitting diode crystals is arranged. The use of the method described allows the removal of the luminophore from the radiation crystal. The fiber body dissipates and disperses the heat from the luminophore, ensuring stable thermal conditions for the luminophore. By this method, a maximum positive effect of the luminophore properties is achieved without significantly increasing the size of the luminous device.

The displacement of the luminophore along the light guide body can be substantially greater than the displacement in the cross section of the light guide body. The illumination of the light guide along its body and not in landscape mode makes it possible to produce a light uniformly distributed in the light guide field.

Advantages of the invention

• – Erhöhung der Lichtabgabe
• – Der Leuchtkristall oder die Leuchtdiode, die eine hohe Absorptionsfähigkeit besitzen, verschiebt sich vom Luminophor. Dies senkt die Absorption der Nutzstrahlung vom Kristall. Im Ergebnis erhöht sich wesentlich die nützliche Lichtstrahlung.
• – Erhöhung der Lichtabgabe. Das Versetzen des Luminophors von dem Kristall oder der Leuchtdiode in den Lichtleiterkörper senkt wesentlich die Temperatur des Luminophors, denn der Luminophor durch den Kristall nicht erwärmt wird. Eine erhebliche Senkung der Temperatur des Luminophors erhöht die Lichtabgabe des Luminophors.
• – Eine stabile hochqualitative kurz- und langfristige spektrale Charakteristik und eine höchst genaue Farbübertragung. Eine hochqualitative spektrale Charakteristik und eine höchst genaue Farbübertragung kann man erreichen, wenn man Luminophor-Mischungen einsetzt. Das Problem liegt darin, dass verschiedene Luminophore die Lichtabgabe bei Temperaturänderungen unterschiedlich verändern. Deswegen kommt eine Luminophor-Mischung bei einer wesentlichen Veränderung der Temperatur aus ihrer Balance.

The offered method of incorporating the luminophore in the light guide body allows the following advantages:

• - Increasing the light output
• - The luminous crystal or the light-emitting diode, which have a high absorption capacity, shifts from the luminophore. This reduces the absorption of the useful radiation from the crystal. As a result, the useful light radiation substantially increases.
• - Increasing the light output. The displacement of the luminophore from the crystal or light emitting diode into the light guide body substantially lowers the temperature of the luminophore because the luminophore is not heated by the crystal. A significant decrease in the temperature of the luminophore increases the light output of the luminophore.
• - A stable high-quality short and long-term spectral characteristics and a very accurate color transmission. A high quality spectral characteristic and a very accurate color transfer can be achieved when using luminophore mixtures. The problem is that different luminophores change the light output differently with temperature changes. That is why a luminophore mixture comes out of balance with a significant change in temperature.

• – Komfort. Eine hohe Punkthelligkeit der Leuchtquelle ist schädlich für das Auge und ist ein wesentliches Problem bei der Herstellung von Leuchten. Ein Teil der nützlichen Energie in den Leuchten geht durch verschiedene Arten von Streuungskörpern verloren, die für ein besser verteiltes Licht sorgen. Die Versetzung des Luminophors von den Kristallen und die Erhöhung der Flächen des Luminophors ermöglichen die Erzeugung eines besser im Lichtleiterkörper verteilten Lichts, das viel komfortabler für das Auge ist.
• – Erhöhung der Nutzungsdauer Das Versetzen des Luminophors vom Kristall ermöglicht die Senkung der Temperatur des Luminophors. Eine erhöhte Temperatur des Luminophors, der sich neben den wärmebelasteten Kristallen befindet, ist eine der Hauptursachen der frühen Degradation – der Alterung des Luminophors. Eine wesentliche Senkung der Temperatur führt zur Erhöhung dessen Nutzungsdauer.
• – Erhöhung der Nutzungsdauer und der Stabilität. Das Versetzen des Luminophors vom Kristall führt zur Erhöhung der Oberfläche des Luminophors und zur wesentlichen Minderung der Strahlungsenergie auf die Flächeneinheit des Luminophors. Der Luminophor arbeitet in einem weniger belasteten Modus. Die Minderung der Einheitsbelastung des Luminophors erhöht seine Ressourcen, erhöht die kurz- und langfristige Stabilität des Strahlungsspektrums, ermöglicht eine stabile hoch qualitative Farbübertragung.
• – Vereinfachung der Wärmeabgabe, Minderung des Materialverbrauchs, Verbilligung. Die Versetzung des Luminophors von dem Strahlungskristall oder der Leuchtdiode senkt wesentlich dessen thermische Belastung. Zur Wärmeabfuhr werden gewöhnlich in den Leuchtkonstruktionen ziemlich preisintensive Materialien mit einer hohen Wärmeleitfähigkeit eingesetzt. Es sind gewöhnlich Aluminium, Kupfer usw. Die Minderung der Wärmebelastung ermöglicht die Minderung der Querschnittflächen dieser Materialien, die Vereinfachung der wärmeabführenden Konstruktionen und entsprechend eine Preisminderung des Leuchtgerätes.

The arrangement of the luminophore in the body of the light guide removes it from the heat of the luminous crystal or the light emitting diode. The fiber optic body also conducts the heat away from the luminophore, which is released by the luminophore during energy conversion. This always allows the luminophore to operate at a temperature almost similar to that of the light pipe. A stable temperature ensures a short-term stability of the radiation spectrum, and working at temperatures without overheating allows a long-term stable spectrum. A stable temperature of the luminophore mixture thus enables the production of a luminaire with a high-quality stable radiation spectrum and a stable, high-quality color transmission.

• - Comfort. A high spot brightness of the light source is harmful to the eye and is a significant problem in the manufacture of lights. Part of the useful energy in the lights goes through different types of Lost scattering bodies that provide a better distributed light. The displacement of the luminophore from the crystals and the increase in the area of the luminophore enable the generation of a better distributed light in the light guide body, which is much more comfortable for the eye.
• - Increasing the service life The displacement of the luminophore from the crystal makes it possible to lower the temperature of the luminophore. An elevated temperature of the luminophore, which is adjacent to the heat-loaded crystals, is one of the major causes of early degradation - the aging of the luminophore. A significant reduction in temperature leads to an increase in its useful life.
• - Increasing the service life and stability. The displacement of the luminophore from the crystal leads to an increase in the surface area of the luminophore and a substantial reduction of the radiation energy to the surface unit of the luminophore. The luminophore operates in a less loaded mode. The reduction in the unit load of the luminophore increases its resources, increases the short- and long-term stability of the radiation spectrum, enables stable, high-quality color transfer.
• - Simplification of heat dissipation, reduction of material consumption, cheapening. The displacement of the luminophore from the radiation crystal or the LED substantially reduces its thermal load. For heat dissipation usually fairly expensive materials with a high thermal conductivity are used in the lighting constructions. It is usually aluminum, copper, etc. The reduction of the heat load allows the reduction of the cross-sectional areas of these materials, the simplification of the heat-dissipating constructions and, accordingly, a reduction in the price of the light-emitting device.

5. Brief description of the drawings

In the drawings, some variants of the invention proposed for implementation are shown. There are shown variants of the production of grooves with the staggered luminophore on the front side of the light guide of the light panel with a flat light guide.

1 . 2 . 3 . 4 - Cross-sectional diagram of a flat luminaire.
1a . 2a . 3a . 4a - View of the front of the light guide before the application of the luminophore and before the construction of the plate with radiation crystals or LEDs.
5 - Side view of a flat light in cross section.

6a . 6b . 6c - Cross section of the front side of the lamp with different variants of embodiments of the wells.
7a Cross-section of the radiating face of the luminaire in which the beam path is shown from a point on the side surface of the luminophore layer emitting a secondary light ( 10 ).

7b Cross-section of the radiating end face of the luminaire in which the variant embodiment of the reflecting surfaces in the form of inclined surfaces and the direction of movement of the side beams of the secondary light ( 10 ) are shown from a point of the side surface of the luminophore layer.

7c Cross-section of the radiating end face of the luminaire, in which the variant embodiment of the reflecting surface in the form of a curved surface and the transition direction of the side rays of the secondary light (FIG. 10 ) are shown from a point of the side surface of the luminophore layer.

8a - Cross section of luminaire with luminophore recesses. An annular reflector comprises a luminophore recess in the range of 360 degrees.
8b - View A from the front of the light guide. Housing and the light panel are not shown.
8c - Cross section of the light BB, in the surface of the light guide.

6. Preferred embodiments of the invention

1 - View of the light guide of the light panel from above in cross section. In this variant, the depressions are designed in the form of a hemisphere. 1a - View of the front side of the light guide. The light guide ( 2 ) must be made of a material that has high transparency, is durable against long-term light and good in workmanship. This is best suited for special types of acrylic. Other suitable materials could be used.

On the surface of the wells, the layer of the luminophore ( 4 ) applied. The luminophore may vary, depending on the field of application and the design class of the luminaire. The offered invention ensures pleasant conditions for the luminophore during its operation and consequently a long and short term stability of the radiation spectrum. Therefore, light emitting devices having a high color resolving ability can be produced based on this invention.

The space between the light source ( 3 ) (Crystal or light emitting diode) and the luminophore is coated with a transparent mass ( 5 ). For the air drainage (when filling with the filling compound) in the Plates and the light guide corresponding Fülllöcher and grooves can be attached. On the drawings they were not specified to avoid overloading the drawing.

• – Erhalt einer gleichmäßigen Verteilung des primären Lichtes auf der Oberfläche des Luminophors;
• – Erreichen der maximalen Wärmeabfuhr von der Oberfläche des Luminophors in den Körper des Lichtleiters oder in die Elemente der umgebenen Konstruktion der Leuchte.

2 . 2a . 3 . 3a . 4 . 4a - Representation of some variants of the execution of wells. The shape of the grooves and / or depressions ( 8th ) influences the optimal distribution of the primary light on the surface of the luminophore. Each type of crystal and light emitting diode has its alignment diagram. Thus, for a particular type of radiator, an optimum shape of the cross section of the groove may be chosen for the required distribution of the beam energy on the surface of the luminophore layer. The main criteria for choosing the shape of the depressions may be:

• - obtaining a uniform distribution of the primary light on the surface of the luminophore;
• - Achieving the maximum heat dissipation from the surface of the luminophore in the body of the light guide or in the elements of the surrounding construction of the lamp.

• – Erhöhung der Lichtabgabe
• – Erhöhung der kurzfristigen spektralen Stabilität
• – Erhöhung der langfristigen spektralen Stabilität
• – Erhöhung der Genauigkeit der Farbübertragung
• – Erhöhung der Nutzungsdauer.

This leads to the improvement of some parameters of the lighting device:

• - Increasing the light output
• - Increasing the short-term spectral stability
• - increase the long-term spectral stability
• - Increasing the accuracy of color transfer
• - Increasing the useful life.

The shape of the recesses and / or the grooves for the luminophore may be different in cross section.

5 - Side cross section of the luminaire. The coating reflecting the light ( 7 ) was applied to the back of the light guide, to the edges of the front side of the light guide, and along the light emitting pits. The light reflection can be initiated by any method, for. Example, by applying a light-reflecting paint, light-reflecting film or by sputtering a metal with a high reflective ability, such as silver and aluminum, or with other covers and by other methods.

6a - Representation of a variant of the cross section of the lamp in which the wells were performed in a sphere-like shape. 6b - Representation of a variant of the cross section of the lamp, in which the recesses were carried out in the form of connected Sphären- and cylindrical surfaces. 6c - Shows the variant of the cross section of the lamp in which the recesses in the form of connected cylinder and ellipse surfaces (created by the rotation of an ellipse) were performed.

7a - shows the cross-section of the radiating end of the luminaire. In the picture is the passage of some rays ( 10 ) of the secondary light emitted through any points of the side surface of the recess and / or the groove. It follows from the illustrated beam path that some of the rays return to the surface of the luminophore they emit. Due to the low reflective ability of the luminophore, most of the energy is lost uselessly. This energy delicately warms the side surface of the luminophore layer of the recesses (grooves). We call these losses "lateral". The side surface of the luminophore is significant, so the effective output of the "side" light is a current task. Some solution variants are shown below.

7b - Shows the cross section of the radiating end face of the lamp, which is carried out with the use of the inclined reflecting surfaces of the light guide walls. In the picture is the passage of some rays ( 10 ) of the secondary light emitted through any points of the side surface of the recess and / or the groove. The inclined reflecting surfaces allow the alignment of the light beams ( 10 ) which are emitted through the side surfaces of the luminophore depressions (or grooves) in the light guide body. The thus induced heat dissipation from the end face of the light guide in the body makes it possible to eliminate or substantially reduce the "lateral" light loss, and to direct the light into the body of the light guide for the purpose of useful work. The optimum inclination and the number of reflective surfaces depend on the specific dimensions of the light guide and the recesses (grooves) and on the technological possibilities of the manufacturer.

7c - The reflective surfaces of the end faces of the lamp are shown in the form of curved and inclined surfaces of the light guide walls. In the picture is the passage of some rays ( 10 ) of the secondary light emitted through any points of the side surface of the recess and / or the groove. The illustrated passage of the side beams ( 10 ) shows a high efficiency of the alignment of the side beams along the light guide body. It means that the light from the side surface of the luminophore wells does a useful job and eliminates the "lateral" losses.

7b and 7 The construction of the reflector shown in the figures, in which recesses or a set of grooves are incorporated in the light guide body, will have substantial "lateral" losses between the walls of the adjacent recesses (grooves). Such a reflector can the "Lateral" rays that lie in the surface of the light guide, do not lead into the light guide body. Part of the secondary sidelight is scattered on the walls of the adjacent luminophore wells.

In order to direct the side beams into the body of the light guide throughout the circumference of the luminophore well, the reflector must detect the entire well in 360 degrees. 8a . 8b . 8c show the projections of the variant of a round reflector, which detects the luminophore depression in circles of 360 degrees.

8a - shows the cross-section of a lamp with luminophore recesses. A radiating round reflector detects a luminophore depression in 360 degrees. 8b - Shows the view A from the front side of the light guide. The housing and the illumination plate are not displayed. 8c - Shows the cross section of the light BB, in the light guide surface. Mounting bracket ( 11 ), which is located between the reflectors, ensures the attachment of the support plates with crystals or light-emitting diodes.

The reflective surfaces on the end faces of the light guide for directing the radiation into the body of the light guide can be arranged on the radiating recess (or groove) on the entire circumference of the luminophore recess (or groove).

The surface of the reflector can by any known method, for. B. be designed as a set of separate reflective surfaces. As in 8th As shown, the reflective surface was formed by the rotation of a broken curve about the axis of the recess. It is possible that the reflective surface is formed by rotating a curved line.

The angle of inclination of the points of the reflecting surface of the reflector must be optimized for specific recesses and the thickness of the reflector for maximum light dissipation from the side surface of the luminophore depressions in the light guide body. This allows for minimizing (or avoiding) the lateral losses and, consequently, maximizing efficiency.

variants

This invention is characterized by various o. Design variants not limited. Any modifications without departing from the essence of the invention are possible.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Housing of the light panel (frame)

2

Body of the light guide

3

Luminous crystals and LED

4

Layer of the luminophore

5

filling compound

6

Plate with light-radiating elements

7

Light-reflecting coating

8th

Recesses on the front sides of the light guide

9

Thermally conductive layer

10

Beam path direction of the secondary radiation

11

Mounting Arm

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

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Claims (1)

The method of improving the characteristics of lighting devices with a front lighting of the light guide, which include the luminophore, which is illuminated with semiconductor structures. 1. A part of the device of the luminous structure, namely the luminophore layer, is offset and installed in the body of the optical waveguide. The luminophore layer is applied in the recesses and / or grooves of the light guide at its end faces. These recesses and / or grooves may take on various cross-sectional shapes. These grooves and / or depressions can be distributed arbitrarily on the end faces of the light guide. For more efficient light dissipation from the luminophore surfaces, reflective surfaces may be disposed in the body of the light pipe outside of the recesses and / or grooves. This set of measures serves to improve the main characteristics of the lighting device: - Increasing the light output - Increasing the short-term spectral stability - Increasing the long-term spectral stability - Increasing the accuracy of the ink transfer - Increasing the useful life - Simplifying the heat dissipation - Reduction of material usage - Reduction of production - Extension the possibilities of designer tasks 2. Transfer of the luminophore layer into the light guide body - in the recesses and / or grooves. According to P. 1 of the formula, in the luminous device, the luminophore layer is transferred from the vicinity of the crystal or the light-emitting diode into the body of the light guide, ie it is incorporated into the body of the light guide. Thus, the luminophore is removed from the crystal or LED emitting a primary radiation. The space between the light emitting element and the luminophore is filled with a transparent mass. This makes it possible to avoid the gradient of the refractive index at the time of light and to reduce its loss. The variations of the application of the luminophore layer on the surface of the recesses and / or the grooves can be different: The luminophore layer is completely applied to the walls and the bottom of the recesses and / or the grooves which are attached to the end faces of the light guide are, applied. - The luminophore layer is applied only to the bottom of the recesses and / or the grooves, which are attached to the end faces of the light guide. The luminophore layer is partially applied to the walls and completely on the bottom of the recesses and / or the grooves which are attached to the end faces of the light guide. The proposed method of transmission of the luminophore layer makes it possible: to reduce the influence of heat of the radiating crystal or of the light-emitting diode, which will lead to a decrease in the temperature of the luminophore. - Reduction of the "internal" amount of light that the crystal absorbs, which will lower the temperature of the radiation structure and increase its energy efficiency. - Heat removal from the radiating semiconductor structure in the body of the light guide. - Heat removal from the luminophore layer in the light guide body. The increase in the distance between the radiating semiconductor structure and the luminophore layer by means of their (luminophore layer) placement in the body of the light guide leads to the improvement of the main parameters of the light-emitting device: increasing the light output increasing the short-term spectral stability increasing the long-term spectral stability Increasing the accuracy of the ink transfer - Increasing the service life - Simplifying the heat dissipation - Reducing the use of materials - Reduction of production 3. Shape of the recesses, grooves. In the lighting device can according to P. 1. Formula, the recesses and / or grooves have different shapes in cross section. The shape of the grooves and / or depressions influences the optimal distribution of the primary light on the surface of the luminophore. Each type of crystal or light-emitting diode has its orientation diagram, therefore, for a given type of radiator, an optimum shape of the cross-section of the groove can be selected. This allows to obtain a necessary energy distribution on the surface of the luminophore. The main criteria for selecting the shapes of wells may be: A more uniform distribution of the primary light on the surface of the luminophore. - Maximum heat dissipation from the surface of the luminophore in the body of the light guide or to the elements of the construction of the lamp. This leads to the improvement of some parameters of the lighting device: Increasing the light output Increasing the short-term spectral stability Increasing the long-term spectral stability Increasing the accuracy of the color transmission - Increasing the service life The shape of the recesses and / or the grooves for the luminophore may vary in cross section. 4. Placement of the recesses, grooves. In the lighting device, the grooves and / or depressions on the front side of the light guide can be distributed differently according to the P. 1. of the formula: - Along the front side of the light guide, the depressions in the form of a continuous groove along the entire end face of the light guide or with separation be placed in some places in the form of a few grooves or in the form of several grooves with any step in between. - On any front side of the light guide, the grooves and / or depressions can be arranged arbitrarily mutually, with any desired constant or changing step. - By depressions and / or grooves one or more, or all end faces of the light guide can be illuminated. The number of illuminated end faces of the light guide, the amount and the mutual placement of the grooves and / or depressions on the end faces depend on the tasks for which the light-emitting device is used. 5. Reflecting surfaces Reflecting surfaces in accordance with P. 1. of the formula are provided in the lighting device. The reflective surfaces may be placed on the end faces of the light guide and / or on the side surfaces of the light guide where the recesses and / or the grooves are mounted. They are intended to dissipate the light emanating from the luminophore surfaces into the body of the light guide. What allows a substantial reduction or almost complete exclusion of the absorption of the secondary useful light emitted by the luminophore layer. This allows an improvement of the parameters of the lighting device. Increase or decrease the parasitic heating of the luminophore by the useful light Increase the short-term spectral stability Enhance the long-term spectral stability Increase the accuracy of the color transfer 6. Design of the reflective surfaces For more efficient light dissipation from the luminophore surfaces in the body of the light guide can be incorporated in the light emitting device reflective surfaces, according to the P. 1 of the formula, outside the wells and / or the grooves. These reflective surfaces can be produced by different methods. The function of the reflective surfaces can take over the lateral and frontal walls of the light guide. The shape of the reflective surfaces may be flat, curvilinear or combined. The reflective surfaces may surround all lateral sides of each depression and / or groove. The reflective surfaces may be mounted directly in the body of the light pipe by mechanical processing, by pressing or stamping, or by another technological process. It is also a method of applying a support on the front side of the light guide possible, are made in the reflectors and wells for the luminophore coating. The overlay must be attached to the front using a transparent seam. There are intermediate variants possible in which the recesses in the body of the main light guide and the reflector in the support and vice versa are executed. The support arm, which supports the plate with the built-up crystals or light-emitting diodes, can be made as well as from the body of the main light guide (be a part of it) as well as a part of the support, which is a part with the reflectors and / or depressions in any combination forms. The support arm can be manufactured as a separate part. The overlay is attached to the end face of the light guide for the purpose of fabricating an optically transparent junction, and the junction is filled with an optically transparent material. The material should preferably have a similar refractive index as the material of the light guide and the support. The filling material may be the optical fiber or overlay material that has been previously dissolved. The optically transparent connection can also be made by a different method, but allows the light to pass through the junction with minimal loss. This point (P. 6) has no limiting character in the definition of the exhaustive methods for the realization of the reflecting surfaces for deriving the useful light from the luminophore depressions and / or grooves. Any deviations are possible without departing from the essence of the invention.

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