DE10239710A1 - Surgical instrument has handle with exchangeable tool set fitted with transponders to provide individual geometric data to navigation control processor - Google Patents

Surgical instrument has handle with exchangeable tool set fitted with transponders to provide individual geometric data to navigation control processor Download PDF

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Publication number
DE10239710A1
DE10239710A1 DE10239710A DE10239710A DE10239710A1 DE 10239710 A1 DE10239710 A1 DE 10239710A1 DE 10239710 A DE10239710 A DE 10239710A DE 10239710 A DE10239710 A DE 10239710A DE 10239710 A1 DE10239710 A1 DE 10239710A1
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Prior art keywords
tool
data
transponder
handpiece
geometric data
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DE10239710A
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German (de)
Inventor
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Reu (FH)
Hanns-Peter Dr. rer.nat. Tümmler
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Aesculap AG
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Aesculap AG
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Priority to DE20213243U priority Critical patent/DE20213243U1/en
Priority to DE10239710A priority patent/DE10239710A1/en
Publication of DE10239710A1 publication Critical patent/DE10239710A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1613—Component parts
    • A61B17/1626—Control means; Display units
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/17—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires
    • A61B17/1739—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A61B17/1742—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body for the hip
    • A61B17/1746—Guides or aligning means for drills, mills, pins or wires specially adapted for particular parts of the body for the hip for the acetabulum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/90—Identification means for patients or instruments, e.g. tags
    • A61B90/98—Identification means for patients or instruments, e.g. tags using electromagnetic means, e.g. transponders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/87—Combinations of systems using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/04—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the shape
    • G06K19/041—Constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07758—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card arrangements for adhering the record carrier to further objects or living beings, functioning as an identification tag
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1613—Component parts
    • A61B17/1615—Drill bits, i.e. rotating tools extending from a handpiece to contact the worked material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1662—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body
    • A61B17/1664—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body for the hip
    • A61B17/1666—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body for the hip for the acetabulum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/0046—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
    • A61B2017/00464—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable for use with different instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/0046—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
    • A61B2017/00473—Distal part, e.g. tip or head
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
    • A61B2034/2046—Tracking techniques
    • A61B2034/2055—Optical tracking systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
    • A61B2034/2072—Reference field transducer attached to an instrument or patient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/45—For evaluating or diagnosing the musculoskeletal system or teeth
    • A61B5/4528—Joints
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
    • A61B5/6867—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive specially adapted to be attached or implanted in a specific body part
    • A61B5/6878—Bone

Abstract

A surgical instrument (1) has a handle (2) with exchangeable tool (4) set fitted with surface wave sensor transponders (18) carrying individual geometric data read (17) by a computer (16) to determine tool position and orientation relative to the body (5).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein ärztliches Instrument mit einem Handstück und mit einem auswechselbar daran gehaltenen Werkzeug zur Ausmessung oder Bearbeitung eines menschlichen oder tierischen Körpers.The invention relates to a medical Instrument with a handpiece and with an interchangeably held tool for measuring or Processing a human or animal body.

Derartige ärztliche Instrumente werden vielfältig eingesetzt, um den menschlichen Körper zu bearbeiten oder um ihn auszumessen. Beispielsweise kann das Werkzeug ein rotierender Fräser sein, mit dem eine Ausnehmung zum Einsetzen eines Implantates in einen Knochen geschaffen wird, es kann sich bei dem ärztlichen Instrument um einen Bohrer oder einen Fräser handeln, das Werkzeug kann ein Probeimplantat in Form einer Halbkugel sein, mit der eine vorbereitete Ausnehmung in einen Knochen kontrolliert wird etc.Such medical instruments will be diverse used to work on or around the human body to measure him. For example, the tool can be rotating milling cutter be with which a recess for inserting an implant in a bone is created, it can affect the medical Instrument is a drill or milling cutter, the tool can a trial implant in the form of a hemisphere with which a prepared one Recess in a bone is checked etc.

Sowohl zur Bearbeitung des Körpers als auch zu dessen Ausmessung sind dabei unterschiedlich dimensionierte Werkzeuge notwendig, je nachdem in welcher Größe beispielsweise eine Ausnehmung in den Knochen eingearbeitet werden soll oder entsprechend der jeweiligen Größe einer eingearbeiteten Ausnehmung, wenn diese ausgemessen werden soll.Both for processing the body as well Different sized tools are used to measure it necessary, depending on the size, for example, a recess to be worked into the bone or according to the respective Size one incorporated recess if this is to be measured.

Bisher ist der Arzt darauf angewiesen, ein Werkzeug, das auf das Handstück aufgesetzt worden ist, selbst zu identifizieren und dann die Identifikation dieses Werkzeuges z. B. einer Datenverarbeitungsanlage durch Tastatureingabe zu übermitteln, damit die Datenverarbeitungsanlage das aufgesetzte Werkzeuge identifiziert und beispielsweise mit den dort in einem Speicher abgelegten geometrischen Daten dieses Werkzeuges koordiniert. Ein solches Vorgehen ist kompliziert und kann zu Fehlern führen.So far, the doctor has relied on a tool on the handpiece has been set up to identify yourself and then the identification of this Tool z. B. a data processing system by keyboard input to convey so that the data processing system identifies the attached tools and for example with the geometric data stored there in a memory coordinated this tool. This is a complicated procedure and can lead to errors.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein gattungsgemäßes ärztliches Instrument so auszugestalten, daß die Identifizierung der Werkzeuge vereinfacht wird.It is an object of the invention generic medical Design the instrument so that the identification of the tools is simplified.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem ärztlichen Instrument der eingangs beschriebenen Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß dem Handstück ein Satz von auswechselbaren Werkzeugen mit unterschiedlichen geometrischen Abmessungen zugeordnet ist, daß jedes Werkzeug des Satzes einen Transponder trägt, in dem eine eindeutige Kennzeichnung für dieses Werkzeug gespeichert ist, daß eine Datenverarbeitungsanlage mit einem Lesegerät für den Transponder vorgesehen ist und daß in der Datenverarbeitungsanlage ein Datensatz erzeugt wird, der die geometrischen Daten des jeweils am Handstück gehaltenen Werkzeuges aus dem Satz enthält.This task is done by a medical Instrument of the type described in the introduction thereby according to the invention solved, that the Handpiece Set of interchangeable tools with different geometrical Dimensions is assigned that each Tool of the set carries a transponder in which a unique Labeling for this tool is stored that a data processing system with a reader for the transponder is provided and that in the data processing system a data record is generated which geometric data of the tool held on the handpiece contains the sentence.

Wenn der Benutzer also ein Werkzeug aus diesem Satz von Werkzeugen in das Handstück einsetzt, kann das Lesegerät dieses eingesetzte Werkzeug über den Transponder genau identifizieren und diese Identifikationskennzeichnung einer Datenverarbeitungsanlage zuführen, die ihrerseits die für dieses Werkzeug geltenden geometrischen Daten in einem Datensatz ablegt. Dabei können die geometrischen Daten unmittelbar aus der Transponderkennzeichnung abgeleitet werden, es ist aber auch möglich, die Transponderkennzeichnung zu verwenden, um einen in der Datenverarbeitungsanlage gespeicherten Geometrie-Datensatz für dieses spezielle Werkzeug aufzurufen.So if the user has a tool from this set of tools in the handpiece, the reader can do this used tool over exactly identify the transponder and this identification mark to a data processing system, which in turn is responsible for this Tool stores valid geometric data in a data record. You can the geometric data directly from the transponder identification can be derived, but it is also possible to identify the transponder to use one stored in the data processing system Geometry data set for to call this particular tool.

Günstig ist es, wenn die Datenverarbeitungsanlage die Daten des Datensatzes einem Navigationssystem zuführt, welches Position und Orientierung des Handstückes relativ zum Körper bestimmt und aus den so gewonnenen Positionsdaten und den Daten des Datensatzes die genaue Meß- oder Bearbeitungsstelle des Werkzeuges bestimmt. Auf diese Weise kann das Navigationssystem auch bei verschiedenen Werkzeugen des Satzes in jedem Falle genau angeben, wo die wirksame Stelle oder Fläche des Werkzeuges sich relativ zu dem zu bearbeitenden oder auszumessenden Körper gerade befindet.Cheap it is when the data processing system receives the data of the data set feeds to a navigation system, which determines the position and orientation of the handpiece relative to the body and from the position data thus obtained and the data of the data set the exact measuring or processing point of the tool. In this way can the navigation system also with different tools of the Specify in each case exactly where the effective place or Area of Tool relative to the one to be machined or measured body is currently located.

Die Datenverarbeitungsanlage könnte die Daten des Datensatzes auch dazu verwenden, die Betriebsdaten des Handstückes zu verändern, beispielsweise die Drehzahl bei einem Fräser.The data processing system could use the data of the data set also to use the operating data of the handpiece change, for example the speed of a milling cutter.

Es ist günstig, wenn der Transponder in das Werkzeug integriert ist, insbesondere kann er in einer Ausnehmung des Werkzeuges angeordnet sein.It is convenient if the transponder is integrated in the tool, in particular it can be in a recess of the tool.

Besonders geschützt ist ein Transponder dann, wenn er in das Werkzeug eingegossen ist.A transponder is particularly protected when it is poured into the tool.

Der Transponder kann ein herkömmlicher Transponder sein, dem elektrische Energie über eine Induktionsspule zugeführt wird, die sich ebenfalls am Werkzeug befindet. Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Transponder ein Oberflächenwellensensor, ein solcher kann die Energie aus dem umgebenden Strahlungsfeld des Lesegerätes entnehmen und benötigt keine Induktionsspule.The transponder can be a conventional transponder be over which electrical energy fed an induction coil which is also on the tool. With one particularly preferred embodiment the transponder is a surface wave sensor, such a can the energy from the surrounding radiation field of the Remove the reader and needed no induction coil.

Anwendbar ist das beschriebene Konzept bei Bearbeitungswerkzeugen, beispielsweise bei Fräsern, Bohrern, Sägen, Raspeln oder dergleichen, aber auch bei Meß- und Führungsinstrumenten, beispielsweise bei Probeimplantaten, Sägeschablonen oder dergleichen.The concept described is applicable to Machining tools, for example for milling cutters, drills, saws, rasps or the like, but also with measuring and guiding instruments, for example for trial implants, saw templates or like.

Die nachfolgende Beschreibung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung dient im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung der näheren Erläuterung. Es zeigen:The following description of a preferred embodiment the invention serves in conjunction with the drawing for a more detailed explanation. Show it:

1: eine schematische Darstellung eines ärztlichen Instrumentes mit einem Navigationssystem und einer Datenverarbeitungsanlage; 1 : a schematic representation of a medical instrument with a navigation system and a data processing system;

2: eine Querschnittsansicht durch einen Kugelfräser mit einem eingebetteten Transponder und einer eingebetteten Induktionsspule; 2 : a cross-sectional view through a ball milling cutter with an embedded transponder and an embedded induction coil;

3: eine Ansicht eines abgewandelten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Kugelkopffräsers mit einem eingesetzten Transponder ohne Induktionsspule. 3 : a view of a modified Embodiment of a ball end mill with an inserted transponder without an induction coil.

In der Zeichnung ist als Beispiel eines ärztlichen Instrumentes 1 ein Fräser dargestellt mit einem in der Zeichnung nur schematisch und teilweise dargestellten Handstück 2 und einem über einen längeren Schaft 3 in dieses eingesetzten Kugelfräser 4. Dieses Instrument kann beispielsweise verwendet werden, um in einem Hüftknochen 5 eine halbkugelförmige Vertiefung 6 herzustellen, in die dann die Pfanne einer Hüftgelenkprothese eingesetzt werden kann.In the drawing is an example of a medical instrument 1 a milling cutter shown with a handpiece shown only schematically and partially in the drawing 2 and one over a longer shaft 3 in this inserted ball mill 4 , This instrument can be used, for example, in a hip bone 5 a hemispherical depression 6 to manufacture, in which the socket of a hip joint prosthesis can then be inserted.

An dem Handstück 2 ist ein Markierelement 7 festgelegt, welches drei in festem Abstand zueinander stehende kugelförmige Reflexionskörper 8 aufweist. Ein Navigationssystem 9 mit drei im Abstand zueinander angeordneten Sendeund Empfangseinheiten 10 kann in an sich bekannter Weise, beispielsweise mittels Infrarotstrahlung, die Position und Orientierung des Markierelementes 7 im Raum feststellen und damit auch die Position und Orientierung des Handstückes 2.On the handpiece 2 is a marking element 7 determined which three spherical reflecting bodies at a fixed distance from each other 8th having. A navigation system 9 with three transmitting and receiving units arranged at a distance from each other 10 can, in a manner known per se, for example by means of infrared radiation, the position and orientation of the marking element 7 in the room and thus also the position and orientation of the handpiece 2 ,

Ein entsprechendes Markierelement 11 ist am Hüftknochen 5 festgelegt, so daß das Navigationssystem 9 auch die Position und die Orientierung des Hüftknochens 5 bestimmen kann.A corresponding marking element 11 is on the hip bone 5 set so that the navigation system 9 also the position and orientation of the hip bone 5 can determine.

In dem Kugelfräser 4 ist beim Ausführungsbeispiel der 2 in einer randseitigen Ausnehmung 12 ein Transponder 13 eingesetzt, der dort mittels einer Vergußmasse abgedeckt ist. In einer weiteren Ausnehmung 14 befindet sich eine Induktionsspule 15, die mit dem Transponder 13 elektrisch verbunden ist. Einer Datenverarbeitungsanlage 16 ist ein Lesegerät 17 zugeordnet, welches mit dem Transponder 13 durch Aussenden und Empfangen von elektromagnetischer Strahlung verbunden ist und in an sich bekannter Weise eine im Transponder 13 abgelegte Codierung empfangen kann, wenn der Transponder 13 sich in der Nähe des Lesegerätes 17 befindet und dieses elektromagnetische Strahlung aussendet und wieder empfängt. Eine solche Codierung kann das Lesegerät 17 der Datenverarbeitungsanlage 16 zuführen und dort einen dieser Codierung zugeordneten Datensatz auswählen, in dem geometrische Daten des Kugelfräsers 4 abgelegt sind, dessen Transpondercodierung gerade festgestellt worden ist.In the ball end mill 4 is in the embodiment of 2 in an edge recess 12 a transponder 13 used, which is covered there by a potting compound. In another recess 14 there is an induction coil 15 using the transponder 13 is electrically connected. A data processing system 16 is a reader 17 assigned, which with the transponder 13 is connected by sending and receiving electromagnetic radiation and in a manner known per se in the transponder 13 stored coding can receive if the transponder 13 close to the reader 17 and emits and receives electromagnetic radiation again. Such a coding can be done by the reader 17 the data processing system 16 feed and there select a data set assigned to this coding, in the geometric data of the ball mill 4 are stored, the transponder coding of which has just been determined.

Diese ausgewählten geometrischen Daten gehören somit zu dem in das Handstück 2 eingesetzten Kugelfräser 4, sie geben an, wie die Schneidfläche des Kugelfräsers 4 relativ zum Handstück 2 angeordnet ist. Das Navigationssystem 9 kann somit aus der Lage des Markierelementes 7 nicht nur die Lage des Handstückes 2 bestimmen, sondern unter Verwendung der geometrischen Daten des Kugelfräsers 4 auch die Lage an dessen Schneidfläche.This selected geometric data thus belongs to the one in the handpiece 2 used ball mill 4 , they indicate how the cutting surface of the ball mill 4 relative to the handpiece 2 is arranged. The navigation system 9 can thus from the position of the marking element 7 not just the position of the handpiece 2 determine, but using the geometric data of the ball mill 4 also the location on its cutting surface.

Wird ein anderer Kugelfräser 4 aus einem Satz von mehreren für diesen Operationsvorgang vorgesehenen Kugelfräsern in das Handstück 2 eingesetzt, so kann der Benutzer in der beschriebenen Weise die Codierung des in diesen Kugelfräser 4 eingesetzten Transponders 13 durch das Lesegerät 17 feststellen und einen dieser Codierung entsprechenden Datensatz mit geometrischen Daten auswählen und dem Navigationssystem 9 zuführen. Das Navigationssystem kann damit bei jedem in das Handstück 2 eingesetzten Kugelfräser 4 des Satzes sofort die Position der Schneidfläche dieses Kugelfräsers gegenüber dem Handstück feststellen.Will another ball mill 4 from a set of several ball cutters intended for this surgical procedure into the handpiece 2 used, the user can encode in the manner described in this ball mill 4 used transponders 13 through the reader 17 determine and select a data record with geometric data corresponding to this coding and the navigation system 9 respectively. The navigation system can thus be placed in the handpiece of everyone 2 used ball mill 4 the position of the cutting surface of this ball mill relative to the handpiece.

Bei dem in 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist anstelle eines herkömmlichen Transponders 13 ein Oberflächenwellensensor 18 in den Kugelfräser 4 eingesetzt, dieser benötigt keine spezielle Induktionsspule, da derartige Oberflächenwellensensoren durch sehr kleine elektromagnetische Felder zu mechanischen Oberflächenwellenschwingungen angeregt werden können, die dann ihrerseits wieder zur Abstrahlung einer elektromagnetischen Welle führen. Diese abgestrahlte elektromagnetische Welle enthält Informationen über die Codierung des Oberflächenwellensensors, dieser kann also durch das Lesegerät eindeutig identifiziert werden.At the in 3 illustrated embodiment is instead of a conventional transponder 13 a surface wave sensor 18 in the ball end mill 4 used, this does not require a special induction coil, because such surface wave sensors can be excited by very small electromagnetic fields to mechanical surface wave vibrations, which in turn then lead to the emission of an electromagnetic wave. This emitted electromagnetic wave contains information about the coding of the surface wave sensor, which can therefore be clearly identified by the reading device.

Claims (6)

Ärztliches Instrument mit einem Handstück und mit einem auswechselbar daran gehaltenen Werkzeug zur Ausmessung oder Bearbeitung eines menschlichen oder tierischen Körpers, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Handstück (2) ein Satz von auswechselbaren Werkzeugen (4) zugeordnet ist, daß jedes Werkzeug (4) des Satzes einen Transponder (13; 18) trägt, in dem eine eindeutige Kennzeichnung für dieses Werkzeug (4) gespeichert ist, daß eine Datenverarbeitungsanlage (16) mit einem Lesegerät (17) für den Transponder (13; 18) vorgesehen ist, und daß in der Datenverarbeitungsanlage (16) ein Datensatz erzeugt wird, der die geometrischen Daten des jeweils am Handstück (2) gehaltenen Werkzeuges (4) aus dem Satz enthält.Medical instrument with a handpiece and with an interchangeably held tool for measuring or processing a human or animal body, characterized in that the handpiece ( 2 ) a set of interchangeable tools ( 4 ) is assigned that each tool ( 4 ) of the set a transponder ( 13 ; 18 ) with a clear identification for this tool ( 4 ) is stored that a data processing system ( 16 ) with a reader ( 17 ) for the transponder ( 13 ; 18 ) is provided and that in the data processing system ( 16 ) a data record is generated that contains the geometric data of the respective handpiece ( 2 ) held tool ( 4 ) from the sentence. Instrument nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Datenverarbeitungsanlage (16) die Daten des Datensatzes einem Navigationssystem (9) zuführt, welches Position und Orientierung des Handstückes (2) relativ zum Körper (5) bestimmt und aus den so gewonnenen Positionsdaten und den Daten des Datensatzes die genaue Meß- oder Bearbeitungsstelle des Werkzeuges (4) bestimmt.Instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the data processing system ( 16 ) the data of the data set to a navigation system ( 9 ) which position and orientation of the handpiece ( 2 ) relative to the body ( 5 ) determines and from the position data thus obtained and the data of the data set the exact measuring or processing point of the tool ( 4 ) certainly. Instrument nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Transponder (13; 18) in das Werkzeug (4) integriert ist.Instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transponder ( 13 ; 18 ) in the tool ( 4 ) is integrated. Instrument nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Transponder (13; 18) in einer Ausnehmung (12) des Werkzeuges (4) angeordnet ist.Instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that the transponder ( 13 ; 18 ) in a recess ( 12 ) of the tool ( 4 ) is arranged. Instrument nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Transponder (13; 18) in das Werkzeug (4) eingegossen ist.Instrument according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the transponder ( 13 ; 18 ) in the Tool ( 4 ) is cast in. Instrument nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Transponder (18) ein Oberflächenwellensensor ist.Instrument according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transponder ( 18 ) is a surface wave sensor.
DE10239710A 2002-08-29 2002-08-29 Surgical instrument has handle with exchangeable tool set fitted with transponders to provide individual geometric data to navigation control processor Withdrawn DE10239710A1 (en)

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