DE1938871A1 - Sample tube for percutaneous and digital blood collection - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a sample tube for percutaneous and digital blood sample

There are several methods of performing a percutaneous, and in particular a digital blood draw known. With one of these you start with that Disinfect the area of the finger that is to be removed, then roughly cut into the skin a depth of 2 to 3 mm, discards the first Drops of blood coming out of the incision that are known to contain a relatively large amount of fluid from the subcutaneous cells, then massages the finger towards the incision and collects depending on the extent of the massage (depending on the massage) blood obtained in a test tube, in a Capillary or by being drawn into a tube. These different stages of blood collection are normally carried out carried out by qualified personnel, whichever becomes rarer.

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Hence one understands the advantages that result from the Using a device which draws blood automatically., Under direct actuation by the person who draws the blood and carries it out practically without the involvement of specialists · It It is an object of the invention to contribute to the creation of such an apparatus and relates to the invention for this purpose a sample tube for percutaneous and digital blood sampling, which is a particularly important one Is part of this device.

This sample tube, which has a tubular body that is closed at one end, to collect the blood has, is characterized in that it has on the one hand a funnel made of elastic material, which with its emptying end is inserted into the opening of the body and at least with this opening on the tape an annular zone of its side surface rests and on the other hand, that at the bottom of this funnel a mass of absorbent material, which the emptying opening of the funnel, and at least one cutting lance is provided, which protrudes over said mass and extends at most up to the height of the funnel edge.

The attached drawings show, by way of example and very schematically, two and several embodiments Variants of the sample tube, which is the subject of the invention, and concerning some essential aspects the way in which it is used.

Fig. Λ is an elevation in section of a first embodiment {

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Fig. 2 is a view similar to that shown in Fig. 1, one of which is shown here Element is in a different position}

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a sub-element J shown in FIG

Fig, M- is an elevation in section of a first variant of the embodiment of the test tube}

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of a second Variant j

FIG. 6 shows the sample tube shown in FIG. 5 filled with collected blood}

Fig. 7 show two detailed variants of the sample tube and 8 of Fig. 5 $

Fig. 9 is a sectional elevation of a second embodiment}

10 show, in various positions, the essential to 13 most parts of an automatic device for drawing blood which is attached to the sample tubes of the type shown in FIGS. 1-9 served.

That shown in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings Sample tube has a body 1 made of transparent or translucent material, such as polyethylene, on, in the opening of which a spout 2 is inserted, which forms the lower part of a funnel 3 intended for emptying, the cup-shaped collecting container of which the loading

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Marks 4- and which is made of plastic and elastic material

This funnel rests on the edge of the opening in the body 1 by means of an annular part 4a arranged at the foot of the cup 4. The wall of the chalice and that of the Grommet 2 are cut out, with a groove 5 is provided, which is L-shaped and a channel for the escape of the Air depending on the extent (depending on) the filling of the body of the conquering tube with blood.

A capillary cannula 6 protrudes from the lower end of the spout 2 out, which extends to the vicinity of the bottom of the body 1, runs coaxially with this and in her Run in the extension of the opening of the spout 2.

In this embodiment, the grommet 2 and form Cannula 6 is a monolithic (one-piece) whole. In the variant according to FIG. 4-, the cannula 6a is in contrast held by inserting it into the opening 2a of the spout 2.

At the base of the cup 4, the funnel 3 has an annular shape Groove 4b, in which the edge part of a circular Metal plate 7 (Fig. 1 and 3) is held, which e.g. consists of stainless steel and two triangular ones Has lancets 8a and 8b made of the same material, which are on both sides of one of the pallet cut-out window 9 extend perpendicular to this plate.

A tampon 10 made of absorbent material, for example made of absorbent paper, is arranged above the plate 7, wherein the tampon has a bing shape and is attached by being pushed onto the lancets 8a and 8b. As shown, the opening of the tampon 10 and open

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the window of the plate straight into the bore of the spout 2. The part of the lancets 8a and 8b that goes over the tampon 10 protrudes has a length of at least 2 to 3 mm j these lancets can extend with their tips at most up to the level of the upper sand of the calyx 4-.

The lancets 8a and 8b are intended for use in drawing blood inevitably necessary to make incisions in the skin (Fig. 2) and it is obvious that the incisions must be deep enough that the most important blood vessels can be reached. The exact procedure to carry out the blood collection is described below with reference to FIGS. 10 to 13 of the accompanying drawings described

The second variant of the test tube (FIG. 5) differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 for the time being in that the spout 2 of the funnel 3 does not carry a cannula 6 and further that the outlet of the air, which the Body 1 of the sample tube met, takes place through a bore 11 which is coaxial with this at the bottom of the body is provided. This bore opens into a tubular element 12 which forms a whole with the body and around which a metal ring 13 is arranged. The element 12, like the body 1, is made of plastic material, for example polyethylene. It is intended to be a ßchliessorgan for the bore 11 to form what by pressing together its wall with the help of the ring 13ι which is sufficient, to press them together, happens, for example, by sliding it (Fig. 6).

As a variant and if the body of the sample tube or at least the tubular element 12 is made of thermoplastic Material, it is possible to close the hole by partially fusing the element (Fig. 7). if

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In contrast, the body of the sample tube made of plastic material or of another material with a high Melting point, which is only slightly elastic, there can be the tubular element 12 by a simple plug I3A (Fig. 8) are closed, preferably from compressible material.

The embodiment of FIG. 9 differs from that shown in FIG. 1 and from that shown in FIG Variant in that the lancets 14a and 14b, which the sample tube has in the cup 4 in the drawing with the upper end of the cannula 15 are firmly connected, which in the nozzle opening is inserted, wherein the lancets and the cannula are a single piece of metal, for example stainless steel represent.

In the following, with reference to FIGS. 10 to 13 of the accompanying drawings describes how the sample tubes mentioned above can be used »The one described The type of sample tubes is intended to be used in an automatic device, one of the following the most important individual parts are reproduced

This device shows a housing 16 in the form of a parallelepiped, in its upper left part at 17 a lever 18 is hinged, which has two parallel arms, one of which 18a is visible and the one through a common Part 18b are connected, which is lined with padding made of synthetic foam 19 on an inner surface with each arm 18a extending through a slot 16a also in the left and right the upper boundary surface of the housing is attached. The free end of the arms 18 a of the lever 18 has a toothing 20 which is intended to the lever in the to hold the tilted position (Fig. 12) in cooperation with a pawl 21, which on the one hand the effect

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a spring 22, the purpose of which is to keep it in engagement with the toothing 20 of the lever 18 and, on the other hand, the Effect of a relay 22 is subjected, which is intended to tilt the pawl in a clockwise direction to control when the lever 18 is to be released. The latter (lever 18) is constantly under the action of a feder 24- which tries to put it in the raised position (see Fig. 10) as soon as it has been pivoted out of this position.

The lever 18 also has a nose 18c, which is intended to operate a striking device which has a hammer lever 25, which is at 26 in a tab 27 of a fitting 28 is articulated, which is attached to the bottom of the housing 16. The length of the nose 18c of the lever 18 as well as the lever 25 and their respective articulation points are such that the path of the end of the nose 18c and that of the end of the lever intersect over a certain length.

The lever 25 rests on the head 29 of a plunger 30, which is subjected to the action of a main spring 31 and is slidably mounted in a window cut out in the fitting 28 with the plunger still on its lower end is provided with a stop foot JQa, which its axial movement in the direction of the lever 25 possible is limited.

Above the latter and in the central tilting plane of the lever 18, the housing 16 has a tubular part 32 KUf ₉ which is arranged coaxially to the plunger 30 and opens at the level of the upper limit surface of the housing, the diameter of this part being slightly larger than the outer Durohaesser a sample tube E of the type shown in Figs.

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When the blood is taken, part 32 represents a container and a guide element for this sample tube.

Between the. tubular part 32 and the left boundary surface of the housing 16, the apparatus shown carries a solid block 33 niit a trapezoidal shape, which is an aid represents for placing the finger intended for the blood sample on the apparatus

Over this surface of the apparatus, on the side opposite the block 33 with respect to part 32, a massage block JA- protrudes through a slot 16b, which is attached to the end of a lever 35 which is articulated at 36 on a connecting rod 37 which is fixed is connected to an axle 38, a motor (not shown) being provided to rotate this axle counterclockwise with reference to the drawing. As shown (FIG. 11), the position of the block 34 on the housing is such that as soon as the person from whom the blood is to be drawn puts one of his fingers on the block, the finger being supported on the block 33 and the lever 18 was brought into the tilted position, the padding 19 of the lever 18 lies opposite the block on the finger.

The correct position of the various organs of the apparatus described before the start of blood collection is shown in FIG shown. A sample tube E is then inserted into the tubular part 32 and pressed down until its funnel lies in one plane with the upper opening of the part.

The person from whom blood is to be drawn then places their hand on the upper surface of the housing 16 of the apparatus and the finger provided for the removal on the block 34 as well with its end against block 33 »so that the distal

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Part of the finger below the nail on the edge of the funnel of the trial tube, as in Pig. 11 shown, rests ο It goes without saying that the area of the finger where blood is drawn is provided with incisions should be cleaned and disinfected beforehand in a suitable manner. It is then sufficient to turn the lever 18 clockwise down. to press and bring it into the locked position shown in Figs. 12 and 13, to make the incisions in the epidermis that are necessary for the blood sample.

Indeed, as soon as the lever 18 turns clockwise is tilted and the nose 18c touches the lever 25, the nose with the lever under tension of the mainspring 31, there the curved path of the nose and that of the same Wise cut curved path of the lever 25 (Fig. 1).

As soon as this is no longer the case, the lever 25 released from contact by the nose 18c and abruptly exposed to the action of the spring 31, which him hurls vigorously against the bottom of the body of the sample tube E (Fig. 12).

It then follows that the body is moved in the direction of the finger from which the blood is to be drawn and im Inside of the tubular part 32 slides, being through the impact on the skin of the finger the deformation of the calyx of the funnel (visible in detail in Fig. 2) and moreover, thanks to the lancets with which the trial tube is equipped, cutting into the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue is caused.

As soon as the body · of the test tube by the blow communicated kinetic energy on the one hand by bending the cup of the funnel and on the other hand by

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the process of cutting has been consumed, the conquering pipe is inserted into the in fig. 3 pushed back lower position, whereby the cup can be pushed back and regained its original shape elastic part served. Since the tips of the lancets extend at most to the level of the calyx rim, as soon as it is no longer deformed, these lancets are completely withdrawn from the incision, which happens when the chalice returns to its resting position so that it is then possible to collect the blood, without any discomfort or pain to the person from whom the blood is to be drawn.

To do this, it is sufficient to cause the axis 38 to rotate, which is via an eccentric movement of the lever 35 and subsequently by a wave movement of the block 34 transmits} alternatively once in the direction of the block 33 in an ascending phase and on the other hand in the opposite direction in a descending phase (Fig. 13) ·

Since the pinger of the person from whom the blood is drawn is wedged between the padding 19 and the Kbtz 34 the movement of the block will cyclically compress the underside of the finger from back to front and induce a massage of the digital tissue layers, causing a periodic influx of blood towards the percutaneous incisions.

The blood emerging from the incisions flows first in the calyx 4- of the sample tube (Fig. 1) and then in its body 1, with it through the cannula 6 down runs and depending on the extent of the filling (depending on from the filling) the air which fills the body escapes through the groove 5.

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In any case, it should be said that the first drops of blood to enter the chalice are not in the body of the Sample tube are collected as they are absorbed by the tampon made of absorbent material 10. These first Blood droplets actually contain a very large amount of physiological fluid, which from the subcutaneous cells and must be kept away from the collected blood, only until the tampon 10 with a Sufficient mixture of physiological fluid and blood has been impregnated, usable blood will flow from the finger into the body of the trial tube. In this context It is interesting to note that the lancets of the trial tube have this influence to a very great extent because, although they are removed from the epidermis, they facilitate the incisions made by them, directly opposite, and in a sufficiently small Removal that the obtained blood droplets their tip touch and so quickly flow off over their surface in the direction of the cannula after they are torn off. You lancets of the sample tube thus play the role of correct collecting devices, which prevent inexpedient distribution of the blood inside the calyx of the funnel.

Of course, this is made possible by the movement of the log 34- evoked 'massage interrupted when the level of the blood in the body of the trial tube has reached the desired level. ,.

It is then possible to operate the relay 23 to unlock the lever 18, which then the finger from which the Blood was drawn, released. You can then take the sample tube E filled with blood by hand and use the Remove the entire part that is attached to the funnel, whereby

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only the body is lifted, which can be closed with a suitable stopper so that a
Prevents coagulation of the collected blood; especially if this is not intended for immediate investigation.

^ Fat ent to sayings:

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Claims (9)

-β claims 1. J sample tube for percutaneous and digital blood sampling, which has a tubular body closed at one end for receiving the blood, characterized in that the sample tube has on the one hand a funnel made of elastic material, which is inserted with its emptying end into the opening of the body and at least one ring-shaped zone of its side surface rests on the edge of this opening and, on the other hand, that a mass of absorbent material, which surrounds the emptying opening of the container, and at least one cutting lancet is provided at the base of this funnel, which protrudes over the said mass and extends at most up to Extends height of the funnel edge. 2. sample tube according to claim 1, characterized in that a Käpillarrohr is provided, which is at least extends partially in the extension of the funnel up to the level of the closed end of the body. 3. sample tube according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the capillary tube with an end part in the emptying opening of the funnel is arranged and that the lancet is firmly connected to the end of this end part. 4. sample tube according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the capillary tube and the funnel with each other form a single piece. 5. sample tube according to claim 1, characterized in that 909 886/0394 - · 14 the lancet is firmly connected to a base plate, and that the funnel on its base a bearing for this Has plate. 6 · Sample tube according to claims 1, 2, 4 and 5. 7. sample tube according to claim 1, wherein the funnel tightly into the . Opening of the body is inserted and wherein the body has at least one passage for the exit of the air at its Having filling, characterized in that this passage is arranged at the bottom of the body and that he opens into a tubular element which is firmly attached to the floor and protrudes over the body, and that a part is provided for closing this element, 8. sample tube according to claim 7, wherein at least the tubular Part made of flexible material, characterized in that said part is a hing made of deformable material and inelastic material, the ring being slidable onto the part to form a closure by compression his! ear wall. 9. sample tube according to claim 1, wherein the funnel tightly into the Opening of the body is inserted and being the body has at least one passage for the air to exit when it is filled, characterized in that it Passage is located at the bottom of the body and that it turns into a tubular element made of thermoplastic Material opens that protrudes from the body. - / FÜ - 22 018 909886/0394