DE202007018495U1 - Composite molding - Google Patents

Abstract

Composite molding made of plastic with at least one partially provided plastic film, characterized in that the plastic film from a de-energized metallizable or electroplatable material or of a material With partially processed zones, which can be electroless metallized or electroplatable or metallizable with metal, and that the Plastic film either on the inside or on the outside metallized, galvanized or vapor-deposited with metal and plastic is injected behind.

Description

The The invention relates to a composite molding made of plastic with at least a partially provided plastic film and a method for producing such a composite molding.

From the DE 102 34 125 A1 is an illuminable plastic injection molded part with a display function, in particular as a control panel for a switching device, known. In the visible surface area, the part has an electroluminescent film that is positively connected to the plastic injection-molded part. On a second surface region of the plastic injection molded part conductor tracks for the voltage supply of the electroluminescent film are applied. To produce such a plastic injection-molded part, a method is proposed in which an electroluminescent film is back-injected with a metallizable, thermoplastic plastic material in an injection mold and then a metal layer is applied to line-shaped regions of the plastic injection molded part for producing printed conductors to terminal contacts of the electroluminescent. In this document, the so-called 3-D MID technology is described, can be used at the same time as electrical circuits and components with the surfaces of almost arbitrarily shaped injection molded parts made of thermoplastic materials. For the production of 3-D MID components, the 2K injection process with subsequent selective metallization as well as the hot embossing of metal foils on injection-molded substrate surfaces is described. As a further advantage, the back molding of the patterned conductor tracks film is called. Here, first conductor tracks are applied to the film and then the film thus produced is back-injected. Also, a decorative print on the one and the circuit diagram on the other side of the film may be applied.

at the method described in the aforementioned patent application for producing a plastic injection molded part are in one process step an injection-back of the electroluminescent film with a metallizable thermoplastic plastic material in an injection mold and applying a metal layer to linear Areas of the plastic injection molded part for the production of printed conductors and connection contacts for the electroluminescent film intended. In a particular embodiment is provided that the metallizable thermoplastic material can be laser activated is and before the application of the metal layer, first the line-shaped areas of the plastic injection molded part by means of be activated by a laser. Laser activatable metallizable Thermoplastic plastic materials include metal particles the plastic mass on. By means of a laser, in the areas, which are to be metallized, the metal particles exposed by a small amount of the plastic material is removed. By a chemical metal coating that can be de-energized is then a metal layer for the production of the conductive paths applied to the laser activated areas. Such applied Metal layer can then be galvanic in a known manner be strengthened. The electroluminescent film has a Surface design, the z. B. one to be produced Key corresponds. This film is placed in an injection mold and behind-injected in this, with a positive and material-locking Connection between the EL film and the plastic material takes place. For contacting the same can then be described in Way the traces are applied.

From the DE 10 2005 007 864 A1 is a trim device for covering photometrically not relevant sections of a luminaire assembly of suitable plastic known, the entire surface is uniformly treated and, for example, mirror-finished. For this purpose, on the visible surface a coating, for. As aluminum, chromium and / or silver or an alloy thereof, evaporated. Instead of CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) or PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition), other methods are discussed there to apply the metal layer, e.g. As spraying, vapor deposition, deposition, spin coating, sputtering or the like. As an alternative, the attachment of a metal-coated plastic film or a plastic-coated metal foil is addressed, with which the base trim can be laminated.

From the DE 10 2004 060 453 A1 is a multilayer plastic part for decorative elements and / or functional elements of a transparent support member with applied layers known which have two opposite sides, wherein on one side of the support member at least in some areas an optically active layer is applied, which is associated with a diaphragm, which prevents the light transmission in partial areas and which can be backlit with a light source. It is further stated that the optically active layers of both metals, such as aluminum or chromium, or even of metal alloys consisting of chromium and aluminum or nickel and chromium, or of metal compounds, such as titanium nitrite (TiN) or titanium carbide (TiC), or other colored translucent layers, such as paint, color or film layers can exist. By means of a laser ablation process, complete or partial removal of the metal layer can be achieved starting from the first side and / or the second side of the plastic part. This is true of the Laser beam on the optically active layer, which is arranged on the first side, and dissolves the metal layer by heating and Absprengprozesse so that a light transmission is achieved.

• a) eine Kunststofffolie, die auf einer Seite beschichtet ist, in eine erste Hälfte eines geöffneten Spritzgießwerkzeugs eingelegt wird,
• b) das Werkzeug geschlossen wird, indem die zweite Hälfte des Werkzeugs auf die erste Hälfte aufgebracht wird,
• c) die Folie im Werkzeug mit Kunststoff zur Erzeugung eines Formteils hinterspritzt wird,
• d) das Werkzeug nach Abkühlung geöffnet und die zweite Hälfte des Werkzeugs entfernt werden,
• e) danach das Werkzeug mittels einer Werkzeughälfte, die gegebenenfalls mit externem Formtrennmittel versehen ist, wieder geschlossen wird und dabei eine Kavität zwischen der Wand dieser Werkzeughälfte und dem Formteil erzeugt wird,
• f) in die Kavität ein Lack eingespritzt wird, und
• g) das Werkzeug nach Aushärtung des Lackes geöffnet wird und das lackierte Formteil entnommen wird.

From the DE 10 2004 062 477 A1 a method for producing a composite part of several layers is known, wherein

• a) a plastic film coated on one side is placed in a first half of an opened injection mold,
• b) the tool is closed by applying the second half of the tool to the first half,
• c) the film in the tool is back-injected with plastic to produce a molded part,
• d) the tool is opened after cooling and the second half of the tool is removed,
• e) thereafter the tool is closed again by means of a tool half, optionally provided with an external mold release agent, thereby producing a cavity between the wall of said tool half and the mold part,
• f) a paint is injected into the cavity, and
• g) the tool is opened after curing of the paint and the painted part is removed.

When Foil is preferably transparent foil of plastic material, like polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) and cyclopolyolefin copolymers (COC), transparent polyamide and Misery of these plastics, used. As plastic for the back molding is preferably used PC, PMMA, SAN and COC. The Plastics for the back molding are according to this Font also preferably transparent. From a metallization is not mentioned in this document.

From the DE 199 57 850 A1 For example, a method of coating a support member with a cover material and associated apparatus is known. The cover material is z. B. a plastic film. The flat cover material is acted upon directly with a pressurized fluid and formed by the direct isostatic action of the pressure fluid three-dimensionally on the support member. The coating of the carrier material with the reference material thus takes place without mechanical contact in a press die, preform punch or a membrane. As a result, a particularly good surface quality can be achieved. As pressure fluid, a gas is used under a pressure in the range of 20 bar to 300 bar. As a film material, a plastic film or a metal foil can be used. The plastic films may optionally be provided with a hardcoat coating to increase scratch resistance. It is also possible to use a two-layered combination of plastic film and metal foil.

The applied in relation to the subject invention method for producing a three-dimensional decorative molding is z. B. from the earlier utility model application DE 20 2006 019 658 U1 the applicant, which is specially used for the deformation of films coated with synthetic or natural fibers or with fibrous material. The coating is located at the bottom of the film. This high pressure method is further from the EP 0 943 410 A1 and from the EP 0 371 425 B2 as well as from the DE 41 13 568 C2 known.

It exists in particular in decorative parts in the automotive field of Desire, metallized surfaces and edges visible in appearance to let occur, for. B. the functional elements and boundary lines and edges in a metallic effect. The invention is Therefore, the task of a composite molding made of plastic indicate with at least one partially provided plastic film, the partially metallized at least in the field of plastic film Has surfaces or lines or stripes, or in the area symbols, area elements and signs.

Solved The object is achieved by designing a composite molding according to in the independent claims 1 and 2 given teachings.

Production method, around a composite part of plastic and one at least partially to be prepared to be able to produce plastic film, are in the claims 11 to 14, further advantageous Process steps in claims 15 and 16.

in the Claim 1 is stated that the plastic film from a de-energized metallizable or electroplatable material or of a material With partially processed zones, which can be electroless metallized or in a galvanized Galvanisierungsbad energized or metallized with metal, wherein the plastic film either metallized on the inside or on the outside or galvanized and back-injected with plastic. The cut The plastic film can thereby the entire visible surface Cover the composite molding or even partially provided.

It is also possible to provide a non-galvanizable or metallizable or not provided with appropriately machinable zones plastic film according to the teaching of claim 2 with openings that cut free those areas that are electroless metallized or galvanized or vapor-deposited with metal, and the Spraying plastic film with such a plastic, the electroless metallizable or electroplated or partially processed for the electroless or electroplating or vapor deposition with metal in those places that fill the cut-out areas of the plastic film, these areas at least partially electroless metallizable or electroplated or can be vaporized with metal. In this combination, however, it is also possible to use a plastic film which can be metallized or galvanized or vapor-deposited or which has such zones.

advantageous Developments of the invention formed Composite molding are given in the subclaims 3 to 10.

In In one embodiment, the plastic film is de-energized metallizable or electroplatable material, e.g. B. ABS, and is preformed as a whole three-dimensionally in the high-pressure process, that they have the desired surface contour of the Composite molding at the corresponding partial locations reflects. After the deformation process, either the parts are cut out or by introducing breakthroughs the frame structure having parts cut free to be injected in Insert a tool half and connect with a To be able to inject plastic. For example, can the back-injected body made of polycarbonate. In front The deformation process in the high-pressure process can or on the inside of the film also applied prints provided that it is transparent when attached internally. The metallization of the film can in principle before or be made after the back injection. The metallization can de-energized in a chemo-galvanic bath or in a live one galvanic bath or by vapor deposition. This procedure are all known. Plastics can be basically steaming with metal as finished or semi-finished products, by reduction, z. As with hydrazine, of metal ions, similar as in the production of mirrors, coating with metals and especially good chemo-galvanic and partly also galvanic metallizing, z. B. chrome plating, nickel plating, copper plating, silver plating, gold plating, u. a. Also is a galvanic amplification of chemically applied metal layers possible. For this are basically the suitable for various plastics from which the film can be produced is, as well as a plastic, the body of the composite molding forms by injection. Also, the surface can be wet the film with adhesion promoters, which favor the metallization or allow.

The Plastic film, which provided only partially on the composite molding needs to be or over the entire visible surface extends, can on the inside, that is the side, with plastic is back-injected, metallized, z. B. chromed, or partial Have surfaces that are metallized. Alternatively, you can the metallization but also applied outside or can the partial surfaces metallized be. The metallization itself takes place during installation on the Inside before injection. When mounted on the outside This can be done before the back injection, but also after the alternative Injection, be applied, for what purpose on the outside the film before application or injection back adhesion promoter for electroless metal deposition in a chemical Metallized applied or the metallizable film such is processed so that it is partially metallizable. The proceedings For this purpose, as already known at the beginning of the prior art Technique set out. But the metallization can also by Vaporizing be applied, both on the inside as well on the outside. Also for this can the known methods are used. By combining plastic body and plastic film it is possible to use the plastic film or film parts before injection molding in an injection mold according to the ge desired surface contour preform in the high pressure process. The films or film sections, which are to be metallized in the edge areas, for example, are inserted in a first mold half and after behind the injection of the tool with a plastic mass, so that a composite molding is created. This composite molding can already have the metallization on the film. These But also if the specific zones with adhesion promoters coated or prepared, subsequently in a chemical Metallization metallized and optionally by electroplating be strengthened.

The high-pressure method for non-contact deformation to be used The film sections is initially based on the prior art also described and can be used here. Also can the known films mentioned above are used to with deformed the printing process into three-dimensional bodies to be able to, which then form a composite molding be back injected. For the metallization, in particular when it comes to achieving special metallic optical effects, Chromium, silver, aluminum and their alloys are especially suitable. But also gloss copper layers can be applied become. Furthermore, the film itself can also be a film, which is through-dyed or transparent; a transparent film or even a film provided with luminescent pigments can also be used become.

If the plastic film translucent zones or translucent and opaque zones, the z. B. are produced by printing, so it is possible to provide channels or openings in the back-injected plastic, which are covered by these games or connected to a translucent sub-layer, by the light of a light source, for. B. an LED, can pass. Thus, for example punktför shaped or slit-shaped backlighting can be realized in a simple manner. If a metal layer is introduced in this area, ornaments, signs or symbols can be introduced by removing the metal layer in this area by laser, so that they can be backlit. The same can also be achieved in the area if, for example, a translucent plastic is used for the back molding and only a thinner carrier layer is applied.

According to one Process for producing a composite molding made of plastic According to the invention, when using a metallizable plastic film in a first step, the plastic film in a high-pressure process Contactlessly via a matrix in a desired Brought form. In a second process step can the areas that should not be metallized, cut out and the blank of the molded plastic film part or the parts are made. In a third step, the formed Plastic film part or parts in a first mold half a Hinterspritzwerkzeuges inserted. In a fourth step can after closing the tool with the second Half the preformed plastic foil part or parts be back-injected by means of non-galvanisable plastic, which also fills in the cut out areas. In one another step may be in an electroless chemical plating bath or metallization in a plating bath or by vapor deposition the surfaces of the plastic film parts done.

at Use of a non-metallizable plastic film accordingly another method for producing a composite molding of plastic with at least one partially provided plastic film, is in a first step, the plastic film for the inside Metallization partially printed with a primer. In one second step, the Me tallization chemically de-energized and / or electroplated in the partial region of the applied adhesion promoter respectively. In a third process step, the metallized and / or additionally on the inside or outside with printing ink Printed plastic film in the high-pressure process without contact brought a template into a desired shape. In one fourth process step, the blank of the molded plastic film part respectively. In a fifth step, the molded plastic film part or the parts in a first mold half a Hinterspritzwerkzeuges be inserted. In another Step after closing the tool with the second half the preformed plastic film part or the parts are back-injected by means of plastic.

alternative can when using a non-metallizable plastic film in a first step, the plastic film for the outside Metallization be partially printed with a primer. In a second process step may possibly additionally plastic film printed on the inside of the outside with printing ink in a high-pressure process without contact via a Matrice be brought into a desired shape. In one third step, the blank of the molded plastic film part respectively. In a fourth step, the molded plastic sheet or the parts in a first mold half of a Hinterspritzwerkzeuges inserted. In a further step, after closing of the tool with the second half of the preformed plastic film part or the parts are back-injected by means of plastic. In one another step may be in an electroless chemical plating bath or in a plating bath or by vapor deposition, the metallization the surfaces of the plastic film parts to those with adhesion promoter provided surfaces.

The Production of a composite molding according to the invention can thereby be realized that in a first process step, the plastic film for the inside metallization with a bonding agent partially printed, that in a second process step the metallization in the partial region of the applied adhesion promoter takes place that in a third process step, the metallized and / or additionally on the inside with color-printed plastic film in a high-pressure process without contact via a Mold is brought into a desired shape and in one fourth step, the molded plastic film part or parts inserted in a first mold half of a Hinterspritzwerkzeuges and that in a further step after closing of the tool with the second half of the preformed plastic film part or parts are back-injected by means of plastic.

Alternatively, however, the production method can also provide that the metallization takes place, for example, in edge regions subsequently after the film has been injected behind it. The method then provides that in a first process step on the outside of the plastic films in the region of the desired metallization coating adhesion promoter is applied, that in a further step and in the high pressure process, the plastic film parts are formed that in ei nem third step, the preformed plastic film parts are inserted into a first mold half and after closing with a second mold half with plastic that in a further step after removal of the molding from the tool, the plastic film part with the primer layer galvanized in a galvanizing for electroless shutdown and or is galvanized and that in a further step, a galvanic post-metallization takes place.

If it is recommended that further printing be made moreover, in an upstream step after Metallization the printing by means of printing inks with color pigments make.

The The invention will be described below with reference to the drawings illustrated embodiments explained in addition.

In the 1A to 1E a first example is shown. 1A shows a plastic film 1 , which is galvanisable and for example consists of ABS. This film is designed as a flat film. The confection of the film is in 1B shown. She is in a certain contour 2 cut out and has openings or free cuts 3 as well as outer faces 4 on. This film is inserted with the specified contour in a mold half and with a non-galvanisable plastic 5 back-molded. By injection molding arises in the desired manner, the composite molding. The breakthrough 3 comes with the non-galvanisable plastic 5 filled. The so prefabricated and in 1C composite formed part is then in an electric galvanizing bath 6 ( 1D ) on the surface of the plastic film 1 and on the face 4 galvanized, for what purpose the film with the cathode and the bath with the anode of a DC voltage source 7 are connected. In the electroplating bath 6 can z. B. a chrome layer, a copper layer, etc., on the plastic film 1 be applied. This electroplating layer is in the precast part that is in 1E is shown, visible. From the illustration it can also be seen that the plastic top 9 of the plastic in the breakthrough 3 not galvanized.

In the 2A to 2E a further embodiment is shown, which has a composite molded part, which is produced in the same way as that after 1A to 1E but a three-dimensionally deformed plastic film 1 ( 2A ) having. For this purpose, the plastic film is pressed in a high-pressure molding process on a mold, whereby the basic plastic deformation in accordance with 2A results. After deformation, the assembly takes place through the contour cut 2 , for example, also a breakthrough 3 can have. The lower end faces 4 be like 2C seen in the back molding with non-galvanisable plastic 5 completely embedded. The prefabricated composite molding has in the free cut 3 also a protruding, non-galvanisable plastic mass. The plastic molding is then placed in a galvanic bath 6 placed and with the cathode of the DC voltage source 7 contacted, so that in a desired manner, the surface of the ABS film is galvanized as a whole. The finished part is in 2E represented and shows on the surface of the galvanization 8th while the surface 9 of the above inclusion of the injection-molded body is not galvanized.

In the 3A to 3E another example is shown in which the film used 1 is not electroplated while the plastic 5 the molding is galvanisable. 3A shows a plastic film 1 in flat dimension, 3B a tailored contour 2 with breakthrough 3 and end faces 4 , This cut film is in a known manner by means of a galvanisable plastic 5 back-molded. This plastic closes flush with the surface of the film 1 from. After inserting the prefabricated composite molding in a galvanic bath 6 ( 3D ) will, as out 3E visible, only a metal layer as galvanic layer 8th Applied to the surface of the body while the surface of the film 1 is not metallized.

In the 4A to 4E is shown that differs from the example according to the 3A to 3E Even with dreidi-dimensional design of the plastic film, the same partial coating of the composite molding is possible. The plastic film 1 is first preformed three-dimensionally in the high-pressure process and the contour 2 according to 4B tailored as well as a breakthrough 3 brought in. The faces of the film are how out 4C can be seen from the galvanisable plastic 5 embedded in the injection body. The prefabricated part is then placed in a galvanic bath 6 mounted and the molded body made of galvanisable plastic to the cathode of the DC voltage source 7 connected so that in the desired manner, a galvanic coating of the surface of the body takes place, consisting of the plastic film 1 protrudes. The inside coating can be prevented in a known manner by applying a non-electroplatable layer.

A Processing partially galvanized or metallised or vaporized Foil is also possible. Also, one can be Such film with appropriate technical design in principle also deform in high pressure process.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10234125 A1 [0002]
• DE 102005007864 A1 [0004]
• DE 102004060453 A1 [0005]
• - DE 102004062477 A1 [0006]
• - DE 19957850 A1 [0008]
• - DE 202006019658 U1 [0009]
• EP 0943410 A1 [0009]
• EP 0371425 B2 [0009]
• - DE 4113568 C2 [0009]

Claims (10)

Composite molding made of plastic with at least one partially provided plastic film, characterized in that the plastic film consists of a current metallizable or galvanisable material or of a material with partially machined zones which are electroless metallizable or electroplated or vaporisable with metal, and that the plastic film either to metallized on the inside or on the outside, galvanized or vapor-deposited with metal and back-injected with plastic. Composite molding made of plastic with at least one partially provided plastic film, characterized in that the plastic film of a non-electroless metallizable or Electroplatable material or not of a material with partial machined zones, the electroless metallizable or electroplated or metallized with metal, and that the plastic film breakthroughs having those frame-shaped areas cut free, electroless metallized or galvanized or vapor-deposited with metal It should be that the plastic film with such a plastic is back-injected, the electroless metallizable or electroplated or partially for the electroless or electroplated coating or sputtering with metal can be processed in those places, the fill in the cut out areas of the plastic film, and that these areas can be metallized at least partially without current, can be electroplated or metallized with metal. Composite molding according to claim 2, characterized by the use of a plastic film according to claim 1. Composite molding according to claim 1, characterized that the plastic film is cut free in those places, the should not be metallized. Composite molding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plastic film before the back molding in an injection mold according to the desired surface contour is preformed in the high pressure process. Composite molding according to one of the claims 1 or 3 to 5, characterized in that the outside on the film before deformation a bonding agent for an electroless or galvanic metal deposit in a metallization bath or applied for the vapor deposition. Composite molding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plastic film is a translucent Plastic film is and / or printing with inks inside and / or on the outside. Composite molding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that in the metal layer ornaments, signs or symbols means Laser beam are introduced. Composite molding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that in the plastic body of the composite molding channels and / or recordings for lamps or LEDs provided are what channels and / or recordings of the plastic film are closed on the outlet side. Composite molding according to claim 1, characterized that the plastic film is a film of ABS plastic and the back-injected body made of polycarbonate.