DE2306552A1 - ARTICULATED PROSTHESES - Google Patents

ARTICULATED PROSTHESES

Info

Publication number
DE2306552A1
DE2306552A1 DE19732306552 DE2306552A DE2306552A1 DE 2306552 A1 DE2306552 A1 DE 2306552A1 DE 19732306552 DE19732306552 DE 19732306552 DE 2306552 A DE2306552 A DE 2306552A DE 2306552 A1 DE2306552 A1 DE 2306552A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
glass
joint
ceramic
metal
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19732306552
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE2306552B2 (en
Inventor
Peter Dr Med Griss
Guenther Dipl Phys Dr Heimke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Friatec AG
Original Assignee
Friedrichsfeld GmbH Steinzeug und Kunststoffwerke
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Friedrichsfeld GmbH Steinzeug und Kunststoffwerke filed Critical Friedrichsfeld GmbH Steinzeug und Kunststoffwerke
Priority to DE19732306552 priority Critical patent/DE2306552B2/en
Priority to CH113074A priority patent/CH561055A5/xx
Priority to GB454674A priority patent/GB1451283A/en
Priority to JP1552574A priority patent/JPS5330275B2/ja
Priority to IT20281/74A priority patent/IT1007601B/en
Priority to FR7404362A priority patent/FR2216981B1/fr
Publication of DE2306552A1 publication Critical patent/DE2306552A1/en
Publication of DE2306552B2 publication Critical patent/DE2306552B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30907—Nets or sleeves applied to surface of prostheses or in cement
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
    • A61F2/3804—Joints for elbows or knees for elbows
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108—Shapes
    • A61F2002/3011—Cross-sections or two-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/30138—Convex polygonal shapes
    • A61F2002/30158—Convex polygonal shapes trapezoidal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/3082—Grooves
    • A61F2002/30823—Grooves having the shape of a reverse dovetail
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/3085—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with a threaded, e.g. self-tapping, bone-engaging surface, e.g. external surface
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2002/30929—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth having at least two superposed coatings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
    • A61F2002/3401—Acetabular cups with radial apertures, e.g. radial bores for receiving fixation screws
    • A61F2002/3403—Polar aperture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3625—Necks
    • A61F2002/3631—Necks with an integral complete or partial peripheral collar or bearing shoulder at its base
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/365—Connections of heads to necks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
    • A61F2230/0017—Angular shapes
    • A61F2230/0026—Angular shapes trapezoidal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00017—Iron- or Fe-based alloys, e.g. stainless steel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00179—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
    • A61F2310/00185—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides
    • A61F2310/00203—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides containing alumina or aluminium oxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00592—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00928—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of glass or of glass-containing compounds, e.g. of bioglass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00928—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of glass or of glass-containing compounds, e.g. of bioglass
    • A61F2310/00934—Coating made of enamel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
    • A61L2430/24—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for joint reconstruction

Description

Friedrichsfeld GmbH
Steinzeug- und KunststoffwerkeFriedrichsfeld GmbH
Stoneware and plastics factories

68 Mannheim 71
Postfach 768 Mannheim 71
P.O. Box 7

Pa t e nt a nme!dungPa t e nt a nce!

C-elenkendoprothesenC-joint endoprostheses

Die Erfindung betrifft Gelenkendoprothese^ die das günstige Verschleissverhalten dichter AIpCU - Keramik für die auf Reibung beanspruchten Gelenkteile ausnutzen, während für die Verankerung im Knochenschaft die günstigen mechanischen Eigenschaften hochfester Stähle dadurch ausgenutzt werden können, dass diese an sich in biologischer Umgebung nicht'korrosionsbeständigen Stähle durch mindestens einen dichten Glasoder glasähnlichen Überzug von der Berührung mit dem Gewebe geschützt werden.The invention relates to joint endoprostheses ^ which the favorable wear behavior of dense AIpCU - ceramics for the joint parts subject to friction, while for anchoring in the bone shaft the favorable mechanical properties of high-strength steels can be exploited in that they Steels that are not inherently corrosion-resistant in a biological environment by at least one dense glass or glass-like coating protected from contact with the tissue.

Für den Aufbau von Gelenkendoprothesen sind bisher folgende Konstruktionen und Werkstoffkombinationen benutzt bzw. vorgeschlagen worden :For the construction of joint endoprostheses, the following constructions and material combinations have been used so far used or suggested:

1) Prothesen aus Metall, bei denen man zunächst von den nicht rostenden Stählen ausging. Nachdem erkannt worden war, dass diese Stähle in biologische Umge-1) Prostheses made of metal, in which one starts with the stainless steels ran out. After it was recognized that these steels could be used in biological

409833/0179409833/0179

ORIGINAL INSPEGTEDORIGINAL INSPEGTED

bung korrosionsanfällig sind, wurden, spezielle Co-Cr-Mo-Legierungen entwickelt, deren Korrosionsverhalten günstiger ist. Dafür erreichen diese Legierungen nicht die mechanischen Eigenschaftender hochfesten Stähle, besonders nicht bezüglich der Dauerstandfestigkeit. - Eine Reibbeanspruchung von Metall auf Metall in biologischer Umgebung ist' möglichst zu vermeiden, da der dabei entstehende Metallabrieb zu Gewebeschäden führt.Exercise susceptible to corrosion, were, special Co-Cr-Mo alloys developed whose corrosion behavior is more favorable. For this they achieve Alloys do not have the mechanical properties of the high-strength steels, especially not with regard to creep strength. - A frictional stress metal on metal in a biological environment should be avoided as far as possible, since the resulting Metal abrasion leads to tissue damage.

2) Gelenkendoprothesen werden daher oft in der Kombination Metall-Kunststoff für die Reibende Fläche ausgeführt, z. B. für den Ersatz von Hüftgelenken. Dabei tritt jedoch an den Kunststoffteilen ein Reibverschleiss auf, der ein Auswechseln der Kunststoffteile nach etwa 5 bis 10 Jahren notwendig macht.2) Joint endoprostheses are therefore often used in combination Metal-plastic running for the friction surface, e.g. B. for the replacement of hip joints. However, fretting occurs on the plastic parts, which means that the plastic parts have to be replaced after about 5 to 10 years.

3) Gelenkendoprothesen aus Keramik, insbesondere aus dichter AIp(X - Keramik, bieten den 'Vorteil bei Reibbeanspruchung nur einen ganz geringen Einlaufverschleiss zu zeigen. Die dabei entstehenden wenigen Verschleisspartikel sind.nicht schädlich für den Körper. Nach der Einlaufperiode tritt kein weiterer Verschleiss auf - Korrosionserscheinungen sind an AIpO - Keramik nicht beobachtet worden. Histologische Untersuchungen des an AIpO-, - Keramik Implantate angrenzenden Gewebes zeigten keine Abstossungsreaktionen wie bei Metallen und Kunststoffen. Es wurden An- und Einwachsreaktionen beobachtet. -3) Joint endoprostheses made of ceramic, especially made of dense AIp (X - ceramic, offer the advantage of Frictional stress only has a very low inlet wear to show. The few wear particles that are created are not harmful to the Body. After the running-in period, there is no further wear and tear - signs of corrosion appear AIpO ceramics have not been observed. Histological Investigations on AIpO, ceramic implants adjacent tissue showed no rejection reactions as with metals and plastics. Growth and ingrowth reactions were observed. -

4) Es sind auch schon Gelenkendoprothesen In Kerarnik-Metall-Verbundausführung bekannt geworden, und zwar als Hüftgelenkersatz, die aus einer Pfanne, die in der Hüfte befestigt wird, und einem Kopf aus AIpO-. Keramik bestehen, wobei der Kopf mit Hilfe eines in ihn hineinragenden Zapfens auf einem Metallschaft4) There are already joint endoprostheses in a ceramic-metal composite design became known, namely as a hip joint replacement, which consists of a socket that is fastened in the hip and a head made of AIpO-. Ceramics exist, the head with the help of a pin protruding into it on a metal shaft

befestigt ist, der seinerseits in dem Oberschenkelknochen verankert ist. - 3ei dieser Konstruktion werden zwar die günstigen Eigenschaften der Keramik bezüglich der Reibbepnspruchung ausgenutzt, doch sind die Festigkeiten und das Zeitstandverhalten der infrage kommenden Legierungen unbefriedigend, wie bereits unter 1) erwähnt.is attached, which in turn is anchored in the femur. - 3in this construction the favorable properties of ceramics with regard to friction stress are used, but are the strengths and the creep behavior of the alloys in question unsatisfactory, as already mentioned under 1).

5) 2um Schutz von Metallprothesen vor Korrosion in biologischer Umgebung und zur besseren Verankerung von Metallprothesen ist auch schon vorgeschlagen worden, die Oberflächenteile von Metallendoprothesen, die der Befestigung in den Knochen dienen, mit poröser Keramik zu beschichten. - Wegen der genannten Porosität kommt es aber auch bei dieser Konstruktion zu einem direkten Kontakt zwischen den Metallteilen und der biologischen Umgebung, nämlich durch die Poren hindurch, so dass als Metalle auch hier nur die oben genannten korrosionsbeständigeren Legierungen infrage kommen und hochfeste Stähle nicht eingesetzt werden können.5) 2 to protect metal prostheses against corrosion in a biological environment and for better anchoring of metal prostheses has also been proposed to remove the surface parts of metal endoprostheses, which are used for fastening in the bones, to be coated with porous ceramic. - Because of the above Porosity, however, there is also direct contact between the metal parts in this construction and the biological environment, namely through the pores, so that as metals here only the above-mentioned more corrosion-resistant alloys are possible and high-strength steels are not can be used.

6) Auf ihre Eignung für Endoprothesen wurden auch glaskeramische Werkstoffe verschiedener Art und mit unterschiedlichem Entglasungsgrad untersucht, wobei eine der Keramik ähnliche Körperverträglichkeit gefunden wurde. - Die mechanischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere die Biegebruehfestigkeit, gestatten jedoch meist nicht die Konstruktion ganzer Gelenkendoprothesen.6) For their suitability for endoprostheses, glass ceramic materials of various types and with different Degree of devitrification examined, with a It has been found to be compatible with the body similar to the ceramic. - The mechanical properties, in particular the flexural strength, however, usually do not allow the construction of entire joint endoprostheses.

Für die Befestigung von Gelenkendoprothesen im angrenzenden Knochenraum gibt es bisher im wesentlichen zwei Möglichkeiten: Einmal den direkten -Kontakt von Prothesen und Knochen, meist unter mechanischer Belastung durch Einschlagen in den Knochen. Bei den Metallendoprothesen hat diese, auch als zementfreie Befestigung bezeichnete Art der Veranke-■ rung nicht zu befriedigenden Ergebnissen geführt, daFor the attachment of joint endoprostheses in the adjoining bone space, there are essentially two options: firstly, the direct contact between the prosthesis and bones, usually with mechanical contact Stress from hammering into the bone. In the case of metal endoprostheses, this also has cementless fastening designated type of anchoring ■ did not lead to satisfactory results because

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wegen der oben schon erwähnten Abstossungsreaktionen des Körpergewebes oft Lockerungen der Prothesen auftraten. - Deshalb werden zum anderen Gelenkendoprothesen heute meist mit Hilfe von Kunststoffzementen in den angrenzenden Knochen verankert. - Hier gibt es jedoch gewisse Verarbeitungsschwierigkeiten, die mit der Art der Aushärtereaktion zusammen hängen; ausserdem veranlasst der ausgehärtete Kunststoff eine Abwehrreaktion des umgebenden Gewebes. Erfindungsgemäß können die ungünstigen Aspekte der einzelnen oben genannten Gelenkendoprothesen durch eine Konstruktion mit der folgenden Werkstoffkombination vermieden werden :Because of the abovementioned rejection reactions of the body tissue, loosening of the prosthesis often occurred. - That is why joint endoprostheses are now usually made with the help of plastic cements anchored in the adjacent bones. - However, there are certain processing difficulties here, the related to the type of curing reaction; in addition, the hardened plastic causes a defense reaction of the surrounding tissue. According to the invention, the unfavorable aspects of individual joint endoprostheses mentioned above by a construction with the following material combination be avoided :

Die reibender Beanspruchung ausgesetzten Teile der Gelenkendoprothesen werden aus dichter AlpCL· Keramik hergestellt, die der Verankerung im angrenzenden Knochenraum dienenden Teile bestehen aus hochfestem Stahl mit grosser Zeitstandfestigkeit und tragen auf allen Oberflächen, die mit Gewebe in Berührung kommen, einen dichten Glasoder glasähnlichen Überzug.The parts of the joint endoprostheses that are exposed to friction are made of dense AlpCL ceramic made, which exist for anchoring in the adjacent bone space serving parts Made of high-strength steel with great creep strength and wear on all surfaces that have Tissue come into contact, a dense glass or glass-like coating.

Die Erfindung wird am Beispiel einer Hüftgelenkendoprothese entsprechend Pig. 1 und einer EIlbogenendoprothese entsprechend Fig. 2 näher besprochen :The invention is based on the example of a hip joint endoprosthesis according to Pig. 1 and an elbow endoprosthesis discussed in more detail according to Fig. 2:

In Pig. 1 bedeutet 1 der Schaft des Oberschenkelteiles der Prothese. Dieser Schaft steckt bis zum Kragen 2 im Oberschenkelknochen und stützt sich mit diesem Kragen 2 teilweise auf dem Knochen ab. Dieser Schaft besteht erfindungsgemäß aus hochfestem Stahl grosser ZeitstandfestigMt und ist auf allen Oberflächen mit Ausnähme der Grenzflächen zum kugelförmigen Gelenkkopf 3 mit einem Glas- oder glas-In Pig. 1 means 1 is the shaft of the thigh part of the prosthesis. This shaft sticks up to Collar 2 in the thigh bone and is partially supported with this collar 2 on the bone. This According to the invention, the shaft is made of high-strength steel with great creep resistance and is on all surfaces with the exception of the interfaces to the spherical joint head 3 with a glass or glass

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ähnlichen Überzug versehen. Der Schaft trägt an seinem oberen Ende einen Zapfen 4 mit einer als Verdrehungsschutz dienenden Abflachung, der in eine entsprechende Ausnehmung des Gelenkkopfes 3 passt. Die Grenzfläche 5 zwischen dem Gelenkkopf 3 und dem Schaft 1 ist eben, z. B. geschliffen. - Der Gelenkkopf 3 besteht aus Alp0 Keramik. Er wird im allgemeinen nach der Implantation des Schaftes im Oberschenkelknochen mit einem geeigneten Kleber längs der Oberflächen des Zapfens 4 auf dem Schaft befestigt. Die äussere Oberfläche des Gelenkkopfes 3 aus Alp0-, Keramik ist poliert. - Die Innenfläche der Gelenkpfanne 6 aus AIpO^ - Keramik ist zur Oberfläche des Gelenkkopfes 3 passend poliert. Die Gelenkpfanne 6 trägt auf ihrer Rückseite 7 verschiedene Nuten, durch die eine direkte Verankerung im Hüftknochen erfolgt.similar coating provided. At its upper end, the shaft has a pin 4 with a flattened area which serves as an anti-twist protection and which fits into a corresponding recess in the joint head 3. The interface 5 between the joint head 3 and the shaft 1 is flat, e.g. B. ground. - The joint head 3 consists of Al p 0 ceramic. In general, after the stem has been implanted in the femur, it is attached to the stem with a suitable adhesive along the surfaces of the pin 4. The outer surface of the joint head 3 made of Al p 0, ceramic is polished. - The inner surface of the joint socket 6 made of AlpO ^ ceramic is polished to match the surface of the joint head 3. The joint socket 6 has 7 different grooves on its rear side, through which a direct anchoring in the hip bone takes place.

Die Ellbogengelenkprothese in Fig. 2 besteht aus den beiden Schäften 8 und 9 aus hochfestem Stahl grosser Zeitstandfestigkeit und den beiden gegeneinander beweglichen Teilen 10 und 11 aus AIpO., Keramik. Die Schäfte 8 und 9 sind auf allen Oberflächen mit Ausnehme der Grenzflächen, mit denen sie die Teile 10 und 11 aus Al0O^ - Keramik berühren, mit einem Glas- oder glasähnlichen Überzug versehen. Die Teile 10 und 11 xverden i. a. nach der Implantation der Schäfte 8 und 9 mit einem geeigneten Kleber längs der Zapfen 12 und 13, die auch einen Verdrehungsschutz, aufvjeisen, in entsprechende Ausnehmungen in den ΛI0O.,, - Xeramikteilen 10 und 11 eingepasst und befestigt. Die Grenzflächen 14 und 15 zwischen denThe elbow joint prosthesis in Fig. 2 consists of the two shafts 8 and 9 made of high-strength steel with great creep strength and the two mutually movable parts 10 and 11 made of AlpO., Ceramic. The shafts 8 and 9 are provided with a glass or glass-like coating on all surfaces with the exception of the interfaces with which they touch the parts 10 and 11 made of Al 0 O ^ ceramic. The parts 10 and 11 xverden ia after implantation of the shafts 8 and 9 with a suitable adhesive along the pins 12 and 13 which aufvjeisen also a protection against twisting, into corresponding recesses in the .lambda..sub.i 0 O ,, - fitted Xeramikteilen 10 and 11. FIG. and attached. The interfaces 14 and 15 between the

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Schäften 8 und 9 und den A1„O^ - Keramilcteilen 10 und 11 sind eben, z. B. geschliffen. Die aufeinander gleitenden Flächen der Teile 10 und 11 aus AIpO-, - Keramik sind passend poliert. Als hochfester Stahl kommen alle Stähle hoher Zugfestigkeit infrage, die bei der Körpertemperatur diese hohe Festigkeit auch nach einer grossen Zahl von"Lastwechseln behalten oder nahezu behalten. Für die genaue Dimensionierung muss die nach einer grossen Zahl von Lastwechseln verbleibende Festigkeit zugrunde gelegt werden. Ausserdem muss dieser Stahl die zum Aufbringen des Glasoder glasähnlichen Überzugs notwendige Wärmebehandlung möglichst ohne Festigkeitsverlusfc durchlaufen, bzw. es müssen für die Dimensionierung die nach dieser Wärmebehandlung gültigen Festigkeitswerte benutzt werden. - Viird - der Glas- oder glasähnliche Überzug nach einem der Flammspritzverfahren oder durch eine andere, nur die Oberfläche des Stahls beeinflussende Methode, aufge-. bracht, so ist die Festigkeitsänderung des Stahlteiles meist gering.Shafts 8 and 9 and the A1 "O ^ - Keramilc parts 10 and 11 are flat, e.g. B. ground. The one on top of the other The sliding surfaces of the parts 10 and 11 made of AlpO, ceramic are polished to match. All steels with high tensile strength at body temperature can be used as high-strength steel this high strength even after a large number of "load changes" or almost keep. For the exact dimensioning, the one remaining after a large number of load changes must Strength. In addition, this steel must be used to apply the glass or undergo the necessary heat treatment with a glass-like coating, if possible without loss of strength, or the strength values valid after this heat treatment must be used for dimensioning to be used. - Viird - the glass or glass-like coating using one of the flame spraying processes or by another method that only affects the surface of the steel. brought, the change in strength of the steel part is usually small.

Unter AIpO-, - Keramik wird eine dichte, d. h. keine offene Porosität aufweisende Oxidkeramik mit mehr als 85 Gew. $ Al0O^, verstanden. Am günstigsten ist eine Oxidkeramik mit mehr als 95 $> Gew. f? AUnder AIpO-, - ceramic is a dense, ie no open porosity having oxide ceramics with more than 85 percent by $ 0 Al ^ O, understood.. The cheapest is an oxide ceramic with more than $ 95> wt. A.

Unter dichten Glas- oder glasähnlichen Überzügen werden Schichten aus Glas, Emaille oder Glaskeramik verstanden, die fest auf dem Stahl der Schäfte haften, ggf. vermitteis metallischer, z. B.galvanisch aufgebrachter Zwischenschichten. Die Verfahren zum Aufbringen solcher Schichten sind bekannt, und gehören zum Stand der Technik.Layers of glass, enamel or glass ceramic are placed under dense glass or glass-like coatings understood that adhere firmly to the steel of the shafts, possibly vermitteis metallic, z. B. electroplated applied intermediate layers. The proceedings for applying such layers are known and belong to the state of the art.

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chemische Zusammensetzung dieser Überzüge und der Grad der Entgasung bei den Glaskeramiken wird durch ihre Gewebeverträglichkeit bestimmt. Günstige Zusammensetzungen, die diese Bedingungen erfüllen, sind bereits bekannt.chemical composition of these coatings and the degree of degassing of the glass ceramics is determined by their tissue compatibility. Favorable compositions that meet these conditions meet are already known.

Zur Verbesserung: der Verankerung des anwachsenden Gewebes ist er- in vielen Fällen vorteilhaft, eine poröse Schicht aus Keramik, z. 3. Alo0_ - Keramik, auf den dichten Glas- oder glasähnlichen Überzug zusätzlich aufzubringen. Die wesentliche Verbesserung gegenüber bisher vorgeschlagenen porösen Überzügen besteht in der ersten dichten Glas- oder glasähnlichen Unterschicht, die jede Berührung des' Gewebes mit dem Metall sicher ausschliesst und damit auch Jede Lösung der Metallionen im Gewebe. Die zweite, poröse ßchicht dient nur der besseren Verankerung der Prothese im Gewebe.To improve the anchoring of the growing tissue, it is advantageous in many cases to use a porous layer made of ceramic, e.g. 3. Al o 0_ - ceramic, to be applied additionally to the dense glass or glass-like coating. The essential improvement over previously proposed porous coatings consists in the first dense glass or glass-like sub-layer, which reliably excludes any contact between the fabric and the metal and thus also any solution of the metal ions in the fabric. The second, porous layer only serves to better anchor the prosthesis in the tissue.

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Claims (4)

AnsprücheExpectations I)) Gelenkendoprothesen aus im we sent liehen dichter AIpO-. - Keramik für die gleitender Reibung ausgesetzten Gelenkteile und Metallteilen für das Verankern der Prothesen im jeweils angrenzenden Knochenschaft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallteile aus hochfestem Stahl bestehen und an den Flächen, mit denen sie mit biologischem Milieu in Berührung stehen, mit mindestens einem dichten Glas- oder glasähnlichen Überzug versehen sind.I)) Joint endoprostheses from we sent borrowed denser AIpO-. - Ceramic for sliding friction exposed joint parts and metal parts for anchoring the prosthesis in each adjacent bone shaft, characterized in that the metal parts are made of high-strength steel exist and on the surfaces with which they are in contact with biological milieu with are provided with at least one dense glass or glass-like coating. 2) Gelenkendoprothesen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Überzug aus Emaille besteht.2) joint endoprostheses according to claim 1, characterized in that the enamel coating consists. 3) Gelenkendoprothesen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Überzug aus einer Glaskeramik besteht.3) joint endoprostheses according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating consists of a Glass ceramic is made. 4) Gelenkendoprothesen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Überzug aus einer ersten an das Metall angrenzenden dichten Glas- oder glasähnlichen Schicht und aus einer zweiten, porösen Schicht besteht.4) joint endoprostheses according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating consists of a first dense glass or glass-like layer adjoining the metal and of one second, porous layer. 409833/01 79409833/01 79 LeerseiteBlank page
DE19732306552 1973-02-10 1973-02-10 Joint endoprosthesis Ceased DE2306552B2 (en)

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CH113074A CH561055A5 (en) 1973-02-10 1974-01-28
GB454674A GB1451283A (en) 1973-02-10 1974-01-31 Joint endoprostheses
JP1552574A JPS5330275B2 (en) 1973-02-10 1974-02-08
IT20281/74A IT1007601B (en) 1973-02-10 1974-02-08 SPECIAL ORTHOPEDIC ENDOPROTHESIS ARTICULAR MIND
FR7404362A FR2216981B1 (en) 1973-02-10 1974-02-08

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US4031571A (en) * 1974-12-24 1977-06-28 Friedrichsfeld Gmbh Steinzeug-Und Kunststoffwerke Hip endoprosthesis with stepped load-transferring surfaces
DE2618763A1 (en) * 1975-05-05 1976-11-18 Ceraver PROSTHESIS TO REPLACE A JOINT
US4145764A (en) * 1975-07-23 1979-03-27 Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. Endosseous implants
DE2546824A1 (en) * 1975-10-18 1977-04-21 Leitz Ernst Gmbh PROCESS FOR COATING METALLIC AND NON-METALLIC DENTURE WORKPIECES WITH BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES
US4064568A (en) * 1975-11-06 1977-12-27 Sanitatshaus Schuutt & Grundei Knee-joint endoprostheses
US4146936A (en) * 1975-12-30 1979-04-03 Sumitomo Chemical Company Limited Implants for bones, joints and tooth roots
DE2810129A1 (en) * 1977-03-16 1978-09-28 Ceraver IMPLANTABLE METAL PIN
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CH561055A5 (en) 1975-04-30
GB1451283A (en) 1976-09-29
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