DE2722083A1 - Fabric treatment process - uses a foamed preparation contg. active component and wetting agent, applied to material surface by jet - Google Patents

Abstract

In a treatment process to apply a prepn. to a porous substrate, such as a fabric, the prepn. is foamed to give a froth with a density of 0.005-0.3 g/cm3, and the foam is passed to an applicator jet. The substrate is passed continuously over and in contact with the applicator jet so that the foamed prepn. and the jet are moved together and the machine contact time is equal to or less than the equilibrium contact time. A present and controlled volume of foamed matter is applied to the surface of the substrate by the application jet to give the treated fabric. The treatment prepn. is composed of 5-75 wt.% a functional chemical, 0.2-5 wt.% foaming agent and 0-5 wt.% wetting agent. The remainder is water. The process can be used to treat fabrics, non-woven fabrics, paper or wood veneers. It can apply a flame retardant, a waterproof or water resistant cladding, a latex, a fabric softener, a lubricant, a hand builder, a dye or pigment, a lightener or bleach, a bonding agent or a scouring agent. The process is more economical as water extraction and drying are reduced so that less energy is required to finish the treatment process.

Description

Method for treating a porous substrate

The treatment of textile materials with various chemicals, Dyes, resins, etc., have long been using aqueous baths in these Procedure has been carried out. In such procedures, the substance is practically through Immersion in the treatment chemical contained the saturated water bath, whereupon removed the water to continue the treatment or to dry the fabric must become. Of the many used to treat fabrics in the past The pad-drying method is most commonly used in which the fabric is immersed and saturated with the aqueous treatment solution, between Rollers squeezed onto a given wet pick-up and then dried or dried and cured on a frame or by heated drying rollers before it is rewound. The amount of water retained by the fabric is usually controlled by the pressure of the nip roller. In usual procedures a lower value of about 50-70% water, based on the weight of the fabric, is still held back which depends on the particular fabric used.

This large amount of water requires a significant amount of energy in Form of heat to dry the fabric. It was estimated that the removal of the water and the amount of energy required to dry the fabric is much greater is called the amount of energy required to carry out the desired when the substance is heated chemical treatment stage, e.g. application and hardening of a gel-free finish on the fabric or continuous dyeing of a fabric is required. Next to the Klotz-Trocknunys process, in which the water is squeezed between When rollers are removed, there are other methods of removing water more effectively has been developed. In such a process, the saturated substance becomes one Beam squeezer ("(st squeezer") directed, which compresses a beam Air is expelled at the point of contact between the fabric and the nip to reduce the moisture content to reduce the substance significantly.

This process led to a reduction in the water content in the fabric by about half what would normally be achieved using the above squeegee method remaining amount. Another method uses vacuum extractor rollers. The wet material, as it emerges from the treatment bath, is passed through a perforated roller, in which a vacuum is formed, thereby removing the moisture is extracted from the substance. In some cases, roller coating can be used applied continuously the aqueous treatment agent to the fabric release, with the uptake by the speed of the substance and the amount released of the treatment preparation is determined by the coating roller. In this procedure remains that Treatment preparation generally predominantly on or close to the fabric surface, especially in the case of low shots.

In recent years, various attempts have been made to achieve a uniform to achieve the application of preparations on porous substrates. These newly developed Processes use foam in different forms. The procedures according to which the foams used to treat the fabric or carnes leave a lot to be desired. Such a process according to US Pat. No. 3,697,314 shows a process for foam production, with a carnation for the purpose of covering the outer surface of the Sarn is passed through the foam with the foamed treatment agent.

It is emphasized that the Carns pass through the foam agglomeration must in order to ensure a uniform distribution of the agent over the entire circumferential yarn surface ensure while the yarn is running through the foam and there will be no way the foam only shown after which / only one surface of a substance or material applied and yet a uniform distribution or uniform penetration could be reached into the interior of yarn or fabric. An earlier attempt at Use of foam to treat textile materials is found in the US PS 1 948 568. A textile material is hung in a closed container and the foam is pumped into the container and pressed through the textile material, until this is uniformly impregnated from all sides of the entire substrate structure and is saturated with the textile treatment agent in the form of a foam. In paragraphs, In the method described in this patent, the textile material is stationary or in a fixed position.

Although there is some discussion about the use of foam for the treatment of textile materials, practically the entire industry makes use of it still aqueous treatment baths and processes in which the substances are generally used Application of the treatment material to the textile are immersed in the bath. As mentioned, this leads to a high consumption of energy in order to subsequently use the water remove from the fabric.

The present invention relates to a method of treatment porous substrates, such as cloth, textile material or paper products by being on this applies a textile treatment preparation in foam form. According to the invention a measured amount of the textile treatment preparation to a foam with specific ("Bubble size") foam density and bubble size as well as a specific foam stability half-life foamed, the foamed textile treatment preparation continuously to an application nozzle out, and continuously a practically dry, to be treated textile material guided across the application nozzle to the dry textile material at the same time the foamed textile treatment preparation and the application nozzle in contact bring to.

In this way it becomes a predetermined and controlled amount of the foamed textile treatment preparation through the textile material at the application nozzle absorbed; the amount is of such a magnitude that the surface area of the textile material is practically dry to the touch. Then the textile material obtained and, if necessary, further treated, the process can also be applied to a textile be used before applying the foamed Te> ctilbehandlüngspräparates on the Surface has not been dried. This allows the Drying after the usual stages of fabric production before chemical treatment be avoided.

The method according to the invention is suitable for treating any porous Substrates, such as textile or non-woven material, paper or wood veneer, with any functional chemicals normally used in this treatment. It can be used to apply a flame retardant preparation, a preparation for making water-resistant or water-repellent, a latex, a fabric softener, a pain reliever, a hand builder, a dye or pigment for Dyeing the fabric, a sizing agent, a whitener or fluorescent Lightening, a match, a binder for a non-woven fabric, a detergent ("scouring agent"), a radiation-curable or polymerizable monomer, Polymers or oligomers or any other material used normally is used on or applied to a fabric (or similar substrate). As mentioned, the method according to the invention allows the application of functional or treatment chemicals on the material surface without applying unnecessarily large Amounts of water. In view of the ever increasing energy costs and the Lack of natural gas and other fuels, this is a definite advantage because of the further and subsequent treatment of the treated substrate less energy necessary is.

In the method of the invention, a functional treatment formulation is used or preparation containing the functional agent to be added to the substance, foamed in a foaming device. In the present application used term "functional treatment preparation" or corresponding variations define a formulated preparation that is a reactive or functional, for treating a porous substrate such as cloth or paper for the purpose of lending contains the desired physical or chemical properties of the reagent used. These functional treatment preparations are used to create the foams, which are applied according to the invention to the substrate, and contain the foaming agent, functional chemicals, wetting agents, and water, as well as the other additives listed in the stated concentrations. The device used to form a foam is known and commercially available in many different forms, then this will Preparation in foam form transferred to the foam application nozzle, from where it is applied to the Surface of the textile material to be treated is transferred. The type of foam transfer on the textile material is crucial for a uniform distribution on the fabric. As noted, are the type of transfer, specific gravity and Bubble size and foam stability are important. If done correctly this The process gives a uniformly treated fabric that is usually practical dry to the touch. This offers many advantages over the usual known methods, in which the fabric was completely immersed in the treatment solution. According to the invention the low water absorption leads to lower energy consumption e.g. when drying, to lower water consumption and water pollution; Farther the functional chemicals applied to the fabric migrate during drying not, you can have one side of the fabric, possibly without influencing the other fabric ff side, treat, the functional chemicals are more effectively used, it can use different functional chemicals without intermediate drying stages are applied one after the other, with still further advantages shown below become visible.

The foam is usually produced in conventional foaming devices formed which generally use a mechanical stirrer to mix measured amounts of a Gas, such as air, and a liquid chemical, the functional treatment agent or preparation containing chemical to be applied to the fabric thereby converting the mixture into a foam.

As has been established, the room densities are average Bubble size and foam stability are decisive for working according to the invention Factors. The foam density can be between 0.005-0.3 g / ccm, preferably between 0.01-0.2 g / cc.

The foams usually have an average bubble size of about 0.05-0.50 mm in diameter, preferably 0.08-0.45 mm in diameter. The foam half-life is between 1-60 minutes, preferably 3-40 minutes.

Foam density and foam half-life are determined by using a specific volume of the foam in a laboratory cylinder of known The weight, which can be a 100 or 1000 ccm cylinder, gives the foam weight in Cylinder determined and and the density from the known volume and the weight of the foam in the cylinder is calculated.

From the measured foam density and the volume and the known Density of the precursor fluid will be the volume of fluid that is half of the Total weight of foam in the cylinder is the same, calculated. The half-life is the time in which this liquid volume collects at the bottom of the cylinder.

The foam bubble size is measured on a foam sample taken from the application nozzle and determined by covering the underside of a microscope slide with the foam, inserting the glass slide into the microscope, supporting it at both ends and pressing it once, preferably in 10 seconds, at a 32 -x magnification photographed with a Polaroid # camera. The bubbles are counted in an area of the photomicrograph measuring 73 × 95 mm, which corresponds to an actual microscope carrier area of 6.77 mm 2. Then the average bubble diameter was determined from the following equation: average (6.77) low density foam density) = 2 / ## # # 72 Bubble size The preparations used for foam production contain a foaming agent in a concentration of about 0.2-5% by weight, preferably 0.4-2% by weight; the functional chemical at a concentration of about 5-75% by weight, preferably 10-60% by weight, depending on the particular functional chemical used; with water making up the remaining weight of the entire preparation. Furthermore, a wetting agent can optionally be present in a concentration of about 0.001-5% by weight, preferably 0.01-1.0% by weight, based on the entire preparation when the wetting agent is used. However, this need not always be present and in some cases can be completely absent if the foaming agent has sufficient wetting effect.

("frothing agont") The foaming agent X can be surface-active Use agents that form a foam with the properties described above can. The preparation is used in a conventional foaming device foamed by air or another inert gaseous material. The foam ones The amount of inert gas used in the preparation is usually about 5 times the volume of the liquid preparation to be foamed and can be up to 200 times or more. This gives a foam with the desired density and bubble size. The special components used to make foam are important for formation a foam that is readily absorbed in a uniform manner by the substrate material and allows the desired amount of the functional chemical to be applied.

Suitable foaming agents are e.g. mixed ethylene oxide adducts linear secondary C11-15 alcohols with about 10 ~ 50 xthyleneoxy units, preferably about 12-20 ethyleneoxy units in the molecule. Furthermore, X can be the ethylene oxide adducts linear primary alcohols with 10-16 carbon atoms in the alcohol part or from alkylphenols, in which the alkyl group contains 8-12 carbon atoms, using the adducts may contain about 5-50, preferably about 7-20 ethyleneoxy units in the molecule. In addition, the fatty acid alkanolamides, such as coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide, as well the sulfosuccinate ester salts, such as disodium N-octadecyl sulfosuccinate, tetrasodium N- (1,2-dicarboxyethyl) -N-oc decyl sulfosuccinate, the diamyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid, the dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid, the dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid, etc. can be used.

In addition to the above non-ionic and anionic surface-active agents Agents can also be cationic or amphoteric surface-active agents, such as distearylpyridinium chloride, N-coconut ß-aminoproionic acid (the N-tallow or N-lauryl derivatives) or their sodium salts, Stearyldimethylbenzylammonite chloride, the betaines or tertiary alkylamines, the are quaternized with benzenesulfonic acid. These materials are known and can be used in addition to the materials already mentioned. Mixtures too several surfactants are suitable. When choosing the foaming agent for a special formulation, care must be taken to only use those which do not react unnecessarily with the other reaction participants or the foaming or disrupt the treatment process.

As mentioned, a wetting agent can optionally also be present if this leads to the formation of a foam with the desired rapid "Brechai" and wetting properties Properties with sufficient stability to be used by the foaming device to be pumped to the application nozzle is necessary. The foams are semi-stable and fast wetting and are made from preparations with the specified components in relatively high concentration compared to the previously used aqueous containers treatment preparations formed. The foam stability obtained with these preparations must allow pumping of the foam from the foaming device to the application head, whereupon, however, the foam easily "breaks" and must be absorbed quickly, if it reaches the substrate surface. The foam breaking properties are important as there is a retention of the foam or bubble structure on the treated Substrate surface to form craters, spots or an otherwise uneven distribution Can lead to the substrate, Furthermore, the foam breaking properties are easier Repatriation important; all known physical Procedures, e.g. elevated temperature, can be used. Regarding the eyebrows it was found that foams with the specified half-life the desired Combination of stability for easier pumping and application to the substrate and instability to facilitate rapid wetting on contact with the Have substrate and easier recycling.

The presence of the optional wetting agent is important if the foaming agent used forms a stable foam but is a relatively poor wetting agent; as a result, the foam does not provide sufficient front-to-back uniformity for continuous high-speed application to the substrate. In the case of a combination of foaming agent and wetting agent and a suitable wetting agent, for example, the adduct of 6 moles of ethylene oxide with trimethylnonanol, the adducts of about 7-9 moles of ethylene oxide with the mixed linear secondary C11 15 alcohols or with the primary C10 ~ 16 alcohols, the Adduct of 9 moles of ethylene oxide with nonylphenol, the silicone wetting agent of the structure in which n has a value of 525, m has a value of 3-10, p has a value of 6-20 and R stands for a C 1-6 alkyl group, as well as the commercially available fluorocarbon wetting agents, for example the known perfluoroalkylated surfactants .

The one to add for quick breaking and quick absorption The amount of wetting agent varies depending on the particular wetting agent chosen can easily be determined by small preliminary tests. So lies as stated the concentration of the fluorocarbon surfactant is preferably between 0.001-0.5 Weight and for silicone wetting agents preferably between 0.01-0.3 weight found excessive amounts of silicone or fluorocarbon wetting agents inhibit foam formation or shorten foam stability, namely to such an extent that pumping and the release of foam onto the substrate are no longer possible is. Thus, a small preliminary test can determine whether this problem exists in a special case. As mentioned, some have foaming agents sufficient net properties so that no need to use additional or an optional wetting agent. In most cases, however, it will be a better one Uniformity of treatment from front to back by using a Mixture or combination of foaming agent and wetting agent is sufficient. Next became found that the addition of a known foam stabilizer, such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydrolyzed guar gum, etc., may be beneficial provided it affects the desired foam properties are not unnecessary.

The inventive method can be used to apply numerous functional or treating chemicals on a substrate for the purpose of imparting special properties be applied. For example, flame retardants, agents for waterproofing or Make water repellent, powdery mildew agents, bacteriostatics, non-iron or wash and wear preparations, plasticizers lubricants ("hand buil" @rs ") agents, agents for improvement of the handle /, dyes, pigments, sizing agents, whiteners, fluorescent Brighteners, bleaches, binders for non-woven fabrics, laices, 'scouring ag £ nts', monomers, oligomers or polymers curable by heat or radiation, dirt or stain release agents or any other, in the treatment of textiles or Paper commonly used material can be applied. An important requirement the functional or treatment chemical chosen is that it is the Foam formation and the foam properties do not interfere to such an extent that the foamed Preparation not correctly guided to the application nozzle or the foam not correctly is applied to the substrate in such a manner and form that it breaks quickly and penetrates the substrate in a uniform manner. The inventive method is on no particular functional or treatment agent or combination same limited. Suitable functional chemicals are e.g.

Dimethyloldihydroxyäthylenurea, Dimethyloläthylenurea, Dimethylolpropylenurea, Urea-formaldehyde resins, dimethylolurons, the methylolated melamines, methylolated Triazone, methylolated carbamates, such as ethyl, methoxyethyl, isopropyl or Butyl carbamates, epoxides, such as vinylcyclohexene dioxide, 2,3-diallyloxy-1,4-dioxane, 2,3-bis- (2,3-rpoxypropox) -1,4-dioxane, the Diglycidyl ethers of disphenol-A, bis (3,4-epoxybutyl) ether; Flame retardants, such as tetrakis-hydroxymethylphosphonium chloride, polyvinyl chloride latioes, (N-hydroxymethyl-3-dimethylphosphono) propionamide; Water-resistant or water-repellent agents such as aluminum formate, sodium formoacetate, Methylene bisstearamide; Powdery mildew and bacteriostatic agents, such as copper-8-quinolinolate, Dihydroxydichlorodiphenylmethane, zinc salts of dimethyldithiocarbamic acid, Dihydroxymethylundecylenamid; Latices such as polyvinyl acetate latices, acrylic latices, styrene-butadiene latices; Plasticizers, such as emulsifiable polyethylene, dimethyl stearate ammonium salt3; Lubricant like Butyl stearate, diethylene glycol stearate, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol; middle to improve the grip ("hand builders"), never polyvinyl acetate latices, acrylic latices, Styrene-butadiene latices; Dyes and pigments, such as Acid Blume 25 (CI 62055), Acid red 151 (CI 26900), direct red 39 (CI 23630), dispersed red 4 (CI 60755), phthalocyanine blue 15 (CI 74160); Sizing agents such as polyvinyl alcohol, corn starch; Whitener, such as 4-methyl-7-diethylaminocoumarin; Bleaching, such as sodium hypochlorite, chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, Dichlorodimethylhydantoin, sodium perborate; Binder for non-woven fabrics, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate emulsion polymer, Acrylic emulsion polymer, vinyl-acrylic copolymer; "scouring agents11, like Sodium lauryl sulfate, triethanolmin lauryl sulfate, sodium N-methyl-N-oleoyl taurate, primary and secondary alcohol ethoxylates; radiation-curable monomers and oligomers, such as 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, isodecyl acrylate, acrylated epoxidized soybean or flaxseed oil; antistatic agents, such as ethoxylated stearylamines; Dirt or stain solvents, such as Acrylic polymers, fluorocarbon emulsions, etc.

The preparations used in the method according to the invention are Mixing of the selected functional chemical, foaming agent, wetting agent and water with other normally customary agents in the amounts indicated manufactured. This formulation has a Brookfield viscosity of 0.5-75 cps., preferably 1-50 cps., at 250C. How the formulation is made depends of the particular functional or treatment agent present, wherein according to the invention the usual procedures for the preparation of preparations with the chosen functional Funds are used. Then the formulation is foamed, the foam becomes transferred into the foam application device or nozzle there and / onto the substrate surface upset.

A measured amount of the formulation is used to produce the foam introduced into the device and foamed. The foaming stage is controlled, by measuring the volume of air introduced into the device and the speed of rotation in rpm of the rotor in the device accordingly. The speed of rotation The rotor plays an important role in forming a foam with the above indicated bubble size and half-life. The relative rates of introduction of formulation and gas determine the foam density.

The nozzle used to apply foam to the substrate and the The ways in which the substrate contacts the nozzle play an important role the successful implementation of the method according to the invention. The application nozzle is constructed so that they have a sufficient width of side to the side, so that the foam can be applied over the entire width of the fabric can. The gap or width between the front and rear lips of the nozzle opening varies between 0.25 mm and 15 cm, preferably £ 3.5 mm and 10 cm. The width or the gap of the nozzle opening is of such a dimension that the machine contact time is equal to or less than the equilibrium contact time for the particular foam / substrate combination this pass defined by the equation MCT t ETC.

The machine contact time, abbreviated to MCT (= machine contact time ") is the length of time that any given point on the substrate is during the foam treatment oleibt above the nozzle opening. The machine contact time in seconds is the same as that Gap or the width of the opening in inches divided by the fabric speed in inches per second. The equilibrium contact time, abbreviated to ECT (= equilibrium contact time ") is the time it takes for the substrate to absorb the foam The speed at which the foam is directed to the application nozzle is required. Additional foam is absorbed by the substrate when the foam is under pressure. In order to regulate a uniform application, a lighter uniform application is preferably used Maintain pressure of 2.5-50 cm of water. It was found that one larger MCT than the ECT, no uniform application is achieved. That means if the absorption speed is greater than the foam feed speed, uniform application is not achieved.

In some cases it may be useful if the MCT is greater than the ECT is. In these cases, it has been found that the streaks are inconsistent or achieve random patterns across the substrate width. This is z.O. Interesting, if a uniform color is not desired.

The nozzle opening preferably consists of two lips, edges or Surfaces spaced apart and of sufficient length to be practical are equal to the substrate width. The substrate touches the edges of the two lips, the configuration granted by each configuration, e.g. pointed, tapered, flat, sloping, bent, etc., the pressure being sufficient to provide a closure and entrap the foam in the area between the lips. The angle between the substrate on initial contact with a lip and its departure from the "lbn, with the application zone and the lip surfaces is over a wide area varies to ensure a tight seal between substrate and lips. The extremities of the opening must be closed so that no foam escapes.

In some cases, when MCT equals ECT, one can work by only the exit or downward lip is in contact with the substrate.

An embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1, which is the typical relationship between the sight uptake by the substrate and the shows hydrostatic pressure on the foam. The curve describes the foam uptake, measured as total preparation including water by a nominal 4 oz / yd. 2 65/35 polyester / cotton fabric with a machine contact time (MCT) of 0.025 seconds. It's surprising and unexpectedly found that such a large volume of foam through the fabric at atmospheric pressure in the very short Contact time of 0.025 seconds is recorded. The illustration shows that foam corresponding to 8 Cew.r / j of the substrate or corresponding to about 35% of the "open" Volume of substance through the substrate at atmospheric pressure within this short Machine contact time is recorded. The curvature of the curve also shows that the foam uptake by the substrate at low hydrostatic pressures or can be increased in the event of a longer equilibrium contact time. It was found, that the uptake is relatively independent of the material speed, sclange The width of the nozzle opening is set so that it has the same machine contact time maintains. On the other hand, as mentioned, the uptake is determined by the properties of the substance and foam influenced. At low uptake values (below 8% by weight in FIG. 1) there are non-uniform values Conditions that result in inconsistent application of the treatment chemicals to lead; i.e. the MCT is greater than the ECT. Steady-state conditions can be achieved when the MCT = the ECT, as by the intersection of the curve and the abscissa is shown in the illustration. A control over the uniformity of the recording is achieved with a positive hydrostatic pressure, hence the machine contact time adjusted to be equal to or preferably below the equilibrium contact time of the fabric / foam system. Preferred working conditions are achieved when the Machine contact time creates a hydrostatic pressure on the foam in the nozzle between 5-25 cm of water pressure causes.

The method according to the invention allows the application of a single one or multiple functional treatments using a variety of foaming agents and application systems on a substrate with subsequent drying or drying and curing the exposed substrate prior to winding.

As the amount of foam formulation put on the substrate usually is below the water absorption capacity of the substrate, this can be done without drying Rolled up and stored or sent to one for subsequent use or treatment be transferred to another location. The substrate on which the foam is applied is, can, but does not have to be dry. The ability to apply a desired amount of foam formulation regardless of the initial dryness state of the substrate - provided it is not completely saturated - is a Unique, unexpected, unobvious and desirable trait dos method according to the invention.

According to the invention, two or more treatments or Components using separate functional chemical formulations and application nozzles, if necessary, getrocKnet can be used between the stages, cured or wound up. This multiple application method is special beneficial when the respective treatments of the functional reactants are incompatible with one another or too reactive to be in a single phrase to be present.

Then the substrate to which the foamed preparation is applied has been treated thermally or by radiation, whatever of the particular the wording applied and the intended purpose. So can the treated Substrate treated thermally to dry or harden the applied preparation or exposed to non-ionizing or ionizing radiation. Included know all known thermal or radiation treatments according to the particular one Formulation to be applied. It can be used for drying or thermal curing Use IR lamps, hot gases, ovens, heating rollers or similar common heating equipment. Radiation curing can be done by UV radiation, Camma radiation, electron beam radiation or similar common rules.

The uptake rate of the foam formulation by the substrate is determined by the foam properties, the weight and the structure of the substrate initial dry-season condition and its degree of hydrophilicity. So are natural fibers, such as wool, cotton or linen, are known to be more hydrophilic than some synthetic fibers, such as polyester. Hence, these can be natural fibers absorb more foamed preparation and still feel practically dry. It was also found that selective pre- or post-wetting is more localized Surfaces of the substrate cause the treatment foam formulation to migrate over the Edges of the pre-wetted or post-wetted areas lead out, while the non-used ones Uniformly dry areas without hiking. With a dye-containing foamed preparation This process produces washed-out patterns similar to the (tic ") produced by the batik process specific effects, whereby a bindingX of the substance is not necessary.

It was particularly unexpected and not obvious to find that the foam through the substrate at rapid speed and in large volume is absorbed. In most cases the desired amount of foamed was obtained Formulation in a fraction of a second, usually less than 0.05 seconds, applied and absorbed. Furthermore, the finding was unexpected that the foam is uniform over the entire substrate or in selected patterns can be applied.

In a typical embodiment, the device used is of means for guiding the fabric from a bale to the application nozzle, a Container for the production and storage of the textile treatment preparation, a foaming agent for foaming the preparation, foam return means, means for guiding the Foam to the application nozzle, a foam application head with nozzle and means for winding the fabric.

Optionally, one can use means for treating or curing the foam-treated Use textiles, e.g. an oven or a radiation-producing source. For the application, the foam application nozzle was made from a Plexiglas film, 60 that visual observation could be maintained. But you can too use other construction materials.

In typical operation, the fabric is removed from the bale via different guide rollers and press rollers, and the foamed treatment preparation is applied to a fabric surface upset, when the fabric with the nozzle of the foam application head comes into contact. Then the fabric is collected on a take-up roll. While the fabric is passed over the foam application nozzle, it comes with the foamed functional treatment preparation that is absorbed by the fabric. Of the Foam enters and exits the chamber through the foam inlet point in the floor Foam application head through the slot of the application nozzle, whereupon it clicks the substance is deposited.

The foam is created by foaming a measured amount of the text ilbehandlungspräparat it in a conventional foaming device and transfer of the foam formed to the chamber of the application head by means of suitable lines gebildot.

When the foam enters the chamber via the foam inlet point and fills this, the foam speed decreases before entering the slot or the Opening of the application nozzle. t ', at what was found to be achieved, a uniform Application of the foam to the fabric substrate, if preferably both lips of the Application nozzle in contact with the fabric.

If the first or front lip does not touch the fabric, it has the foam has a tendency to move behind the nozzle lip, forming a foam bank to accumulate, which often causes inconsistent application and absorption will. When the second or rear lip of the application nozzle is the fabric not touched, the foam curtain is pulled away from the nozzle slot, and areas of the substance are thus skipped, which also leads to a non-uniform application of the foam preparation leads. From these observations it was found that nan a uniform foam application on the fabric substrate on best achieved when both lips of the application nozzle are in contact with the fabric substrate stand. In some cases good application can be achieved even if the fabric is only in contact with the lip behind, especially if ECT = MCT.

The following equations are suitable for determining the amounts of formulated preparation, which are measured into the foaming device, as well as the amount of foam applied to the substrate. Equation I shows the amount of liquid formulated, measured preparation in ft3 / min (C2) (vs) (ws) (#) I V1 = @ @ @ - @ (ci) (Equation II shows the amount of foam applied to the substrate in ft3 / min (Cs) (vs) (ws) (#) II Vf = (c1) (#f) where: vs = linear speed of substrate in ft / min 3 V1 = liquid volume flow rate in ft / min Vf = foam volume flow rate in ft3 / min #f = foam density in 1b / ft3 C1 = Concentration of solids in the liquid; % ows ws = fabric substrate weight in lb / ft2 c8 = solids uptake by the fabric; % owf X = width over the entire treated substrate or the nozzle opening; ft = = density of the liquid formulated Preparation in 1h / ft3 The device used in Examples 1 and 2 consists of an Oakes mixer, Model No. 4MHA, that comes with a foam applicator head is connected. A measured amount of the formulation is put into the mixer introduced, foamed and via suitable lines to the application device guided.

The foam application head consisted of a chamber and a nozzle. The chamber had a length of about 30 cm, a width of about 3.75 cm and a Height of about 2.5-3.75 cm. In the center of the chamber floor was the foam inlet, through which the foamed textile treatment preparation entered the chamber. On the head The chamber was the nozzle with an elongated running length over the chamber Slot or opening k the slot could be adjusted in width. In this In particular, it had a height of about 3.75 cm. The lips of the slit were inclined outward and downward at an angle of about 450. There were two foam application heads different size and shape of the chamber used to which the nozzle is connected was.

The first application head had chamber volumes of 390 ccm and the dimensions of about 30 x 3.75 x 3.76 cm. The second application head was triangular Configuration when viewed from the front, the chamber volume being about 84 ccm was. In this case the bottom of the application head was at an angle inclined from the center where the foam inlet was located at a depth of 2.5 cm to 0 cm at the ends of the chamber.

The silicone wetting agent I had the formula: The following test procedures were used: Wrinkle Recovery AATCC 66-1959T Tear Strength ASTM D-1424-59 Tensile Strength ASTM D-1862 Wash-wear AATCC 124-1967T Wash Procedure III; Drying Methods A and B Celibility are using a Hinterlab Reflectometer, Model D ~ 40 Geibheit Green Reflectance - Blue Reflectance 100 The following examples illustrate the present invention without limiting it.

EXAMPLE 1 The following components became a wash-wear Formulation made: 9 DMDHEU 2 210 zinc nitrate; 30% 492 plasticizer I 1 246 Foaming agent I 32.4 Wetting agent I 12.4 Silicone wetting agent 1 3 Direct red 37, CI 22240 3.5 DMDHEU 45% strength aqueous 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxy-2-imidazolidone solution Plasticizers I Aqueous emulsion of a low molecular weight polyethylene with 31) solids foaming agent I Adduct of mixed linear secondary C @ 11-15 alcohols with 20 mol of ethylene oxide Wetting agent I adduct of mixed linear secondary C 15 alcohols with 9 mol Ethylene Oxide The above fabric treatment formulation was in a standard Oakes mixer foamed, the foam formed to the foam application heads described above transferred and applied to a Bau @ wollstoff that with a speed was passed over the slot of the application nozzle at a rate of approximately 7.5 m per minute, which resulted in an uptake of about 9% by weight. The slot was wide in the foam application nozzle was varied. The details of this series of tests are given in Table A. Tabel A application head foam formation-chamber-slot conditions Foam-tight foam penetration size width airspeed. g / ccm ccm mm r @ m 84 0.38 2.24 medium 0.056 bad 84 0.89 2.24 medium 0.056 poor to medium 390 0.25 2.24 medium 0.056 excellent 390 0.75 2.24 medium 0.056 excellent 84 0.38 2.1 medium 0.046 poor 84 0.89 2.1 medium 0.046 poor 390 0.25 2.1 medium 0.046 excellent 390 0.75 2.1 medium 0.046 excellent 84 0.38 2.24 maximum 0.050 poor 84 0.38 0.84 maximum 0.116 excellent 8 e i s p i e l 2 According to example 1, a wash-oear Textile treatment preparation, but with the omission of the silicone wetting agent, produced; it had a solids content of 39.8% by weight. and became a as in Example 1 Foam with a density between 0.05-0.06 g / ccrr foamed. This foam was applied to so-called "broadcloth" made of mercerized cotton as in Example 1, the fabric moving over the nozzle at a speed of 7.5 m / min. The nozzle slot had a width of 0.64 .rr and the chamber a volume of 3-D ccm. The solids absorption of the foam preparation on the fabric was between 6-7% by weight. After the pre-foamed preparation was applied to the fabric, it felt dry at. The foam-treated fabric samples were left to cure until they were continued stored in a plastic bag.

Samples of the foam treated fabric were then dried without intermediate drying on needle frames 10, 30, 60 and 90 seconds at temperatures of 1600C. and 1820C. hardened. further, a sample was initially separated 90 at each temperature Seconds at 149 0C. dried and then another 90 seconds at the specified Curing temperature cured. Thus the samples obtained provided a comparison rapid curing, i.e. without intermediate drying at different times and temperatures, with samples in which the foam-applied fix I initially was dried and cured in the usual way. The results are in the table B summarized. As can be seen, the method according to the invention results in good wash-wear properties are achieved by using the wash-wear treatment formulation applied to a fabric surface by continuous foam application became. It can also be determined that an intermediate drying stage is required to achieve this good wash-wear properties are not necessary and these properties in one short curing stage at a correspondingly high temperature of about 182 ° C. in approximately 30-60 seconds can be achieved. The wash-wear properties of the treated Fabrics showed excellent durability of the applied reactants, what by measuring the fabric properties after 20 washes in a household washing machine was established.

In Table H below, the control samples were x 1.5 minutes at 1490C. dried and at the specified curing temperature for 1.5 minutes cured to simulate normal curing conditions. All other samples were not thermally dried.

Table B Properties after washing 20 times in a household wash tear Traction machine curing crease recovery strength Knitter-Wash-Wear recovery temperature time dry wet tumble spin yellowness. dry wash-wear ° C. sec c o g. G. dry dry Index o Tumble dry 160 10 166 180 2112 27 1.1 1.2 0.036 182 1.0 30 253 183 1856 21 1.5 2.8 0.037 204 2.2 60 267 188 1616 17 2.9 2.4 0.036 247 3.2 90 265 234 1520 17 3.3 3.1 0.038 251 3.4 x contr. 279 222 1248 19 3.7 3.7 0.039 254 3.5 171 10 190 189 2160 26 1.2 1.2 0.037 183 1.2 30 246 211 1680 19 2.8 2.4 0.039 222 3.0 60 259 218 1552 17 3.1 2.4 0.042 227 3.0 90 286 222 1376 18 3.3 2.8 0.041 253 3.4 x contr. 278 225 1520 18 3.2 2.6 0.044 244 3.2 182 10 227 178 2112 23 2.0 1.6 0.036 176 1.3 30 279 240 1520 20 3.0 1.8 0.040 208 2.3 60 286 247 1200 15 3.5 3.1 0.045 261 3.5 90 288 247 1232 14 3.6 3.3 0.043 261 3.5 x contr. 274 253 1264 15 3.4 2.9 0.042 273 3.4 EXAMPLE 3 A wash-wear formulation was used made from the following components: Cew .-% DMDHEU 80.4 zinc nitrate; 30% 17.9 Foaming agent I 1.2 Crosslinking agent I 0.4 Silicone crosslinking agent I 0.1 The liquid formulation contained trace amounts of a commercially available "@purenye", had a density of 1.18 g / cc and a total solids content of 4), 5% by weight. It was made in a standard Ease-E-Foamer expansion device, Model No. E1003 in a ratio of 16 vol. air per vol. liquid foamed and the formed thick foam had a density of 0.073 g / ccm; it was at one loading speed of 564 ccm / min of liquid formulation to the foaming device. Of the The pressure on the foaming head was 1.4 atmospheres. The foam came from an application nozzle dispensed and uniform on one surface of a 50/50 polyester / cotton web about 22.5 cm wide with a weight of about 4 oz / yd.2. The fabric migrated at a speed of 90 m / min for sine MCT of 0.0011 sec the application nozzle. Under these conditions the pressure drop across the foam was at the nozzle 42 cm of water pressure drop across the fabric with a chemical uptake from the formulation to the fabric of 8%.

The apparatus used in this process consisted of suitable ones Infeed, take-up and guide rollers for the fabric, the foaming device, Means for supplying foam to the application head and the application head. The latter included one Chamber with a foam inlet point in the center of the floor and the head-mounted application nozzle. The interior chamber dimensions of the application head were about 24.1 cm long x about 5.5 cm wide x about 5 cm high for a total volume of about 541 cm3. The application nozzle consisted of a slotted one Head made of two pieces, which formed a slot along the entire length of the chamber, the The head attached to the chamber body had an inclination of 45 ° for that of the Chamber exiting stucco, a slot width of 1.63 mm a slot height of 3.75 cm, and the outer lips also had a slope of 45. The foam entered the Chamber through the inlet in the bottom, the chamber filled to a positive pressure, entered out of the chamber through the slot of the application nozzle, touched the fabric and was absorbed by this on the lips of the application nozzle. While moving on the fabric touched both outer lips of the application nozzle at the indicated Speed of 90 m / min, with a uniform application on the fabric was established.

Example 4 A wash-uear formulation was made from the following Components and a "trace dye" ("tracer dyestuff") produced: wt .-% DMDHEU 76.0 zinc nitrate; 30 15.1 plasticizers I 7.6 wetting agents I 0.3 foaming agents I 0.9 silicone wetting agent I 0.1 The liquid formulation had a density of 1.18 g / cc and a total solids content of 43.5% by weight and further contained one "Trace dye". It was in the example 3 used device foamed at a ratio of 25 vol. air per vol. liquid formulation; the foam formed had a density of 0.048 g / ccm. The pressure on the foamer head and the lines to the application head was 1.26 atm. The foamed formulation was applied to a surface of a 65/35 polyester / cotton toff ("sheeting fabric") with a width of 120 cm and a weight of 4 oz / yd. 2 using modified, commercially available stenter frame and insertion means for guiding the fabric over applied to the foam application nozzle and for subsequent curing of the formulation. The material velocity was held at 90 min for an MCT of 0.011 sec. In order to ensure correct curing in the needle frame dryer of the test facility, there was a limitation of the speed by the device. The contact time in the needle-cream dryer was 42 sec at 1820C. The fabric was pulled through a pinch roller and idler pulley kept under tension. In this attempt were improved Results obtained when the belts roll slack on either side of the application nozzle slot about 15 cm below the top of the application nozzle lips and about 30 cm to the Center of the nozzle opening. The inclusion of the foamed chemical formulation was 8 9'o.

The device used was a larger version of that in the example 3 and contained a distribution plate in the inner chamber. The internal chamber dimensions were 150 cm long x 5.7 cm wide x 17.5 cm high at the jam inlet and 12.5 cm high at the opposite end. The distribution plate was over the entire width and length of the chamber at a point 10 cm from the chamber head attached; it had 61 openings, each 1.75 mm in diameter, which were uniform across the entire surface were spread and the application head into a lower distribution chamber and partitioned an upper application chamber.

The foam entered the distribution chamber on the side with the largest Height, went through the openings in the distribution plate into the application chamber forming a uniform foam rise into the application chamber and then through the application nozzle onto the fabric surface. The slot of the application nozzle was 0.81 mm wide and 5 cm high. Under the specified conditions, the Pressure drop of the foam across the distribution plate 10 cm water pressure. As stated uniform application of the foamed formulation was achieved.

EXAMPLE 5 The following components resulted in a formulation produced: wt. -DMDHEU 80.4 zinc nitrate; 30% 17.9 foaming agent I 1.2 wetting agent I 0.4 silicone wetting agent I 0.1 The liquid formulation comprised a "trace dye", had a density of 1.18 g / cc and a total solids content of 43.5 wt%; it was made following several different procedures with various commercial ones Schäungsvorrichtungen foamed. A ßakes mixer, Flodell 4MHA with one at 1 740 rpm running Rotcs and a pressure of 2.1 atü and then with 740 rpm and a Pressure of 1.12 atm was used to form Foaming with a density of 0.09 g / cc was used. The liquid formulation was at a speed of 564 cc / min and an air to liquid ratio of about 13: 1 by volume. It was found that the bubbles formed when the foaming device was operated of 740 rpm were greater than at 1740 rpm. An Ease-E-Foamer, model M 1000, used at 410 rpm and a pressure of 1.4 atmospheres; this provided a foam with a density of 0.092 g / ccm. The foam bubbles formed in this way were somewhat larger than in the case of the Oakes mixer. The foams were applied to a surface of a 65/35 Polyester / cotton sewebes according to Example 3 using those described there Applicator alerted.

The nozzle slot width was 2.5 cm. The fabric moved with one Speed of 90 m / min with an MCT of 0.0167 sec for the application nozzle. The uniformity of application was with that formed by the Ease-E-Foamer Bubbles superior to the bubbles formed with the Oakes mixer at 740 rpm. at Application of the bubbles formed by the Oakes mixer at 1,740 rpm became a some inconsistency was noted, attributed to the smaller bubble size became.

Example 6 A formulation was prepared from the following components: Wt% DMDHEU 81.2 zinc nitrate; 30% 17.9 wetting agent II 0.6 foaming agent I 0.3 The wetting agent II was the adduct of mixed C11-15 linear secondary alcohols with 7 moles of ethylene oxide.

The liquid formulation had a density of 1.18 g / cc and a Total solids content of 43.5% by weight. She was in a.

commercial Ease-E-Foamer device at 410 rpm with ratios foamed by 10, 13 and 20 vol air per vol liquid. The educated foams had the densities given in Table 3. The foam came from an application nozzle released and uniformly on the surfaces of three different substances, namely 65/35 polyester / cotton (fabric n), 50/50 / palyoster / cotton (fabric B) and one 100% cotton fabric (fabric C) with an absorption of 6% by weight? upset. In In this series of tests, the fabric moved at a speed of 3.60 and 90 ninin over the application nozzle to find the balance point between ECT and MCT to be determined with wide nozzle openings. The width of the slot became wider Application nozzle using modified application heads on 2,5, 3, a and 10 cm varies. These slot rolls of the application nozzle were below those given Conditions found a good application. Further it was found d20 itself the foam begins to spin in the application nozzle and at high speeds and wide nozzle openings a rotating jam and a modified foam structure developed.

The application heads used in this example were designed to that the width of the application nozzle could be varied over a wide range. The basic structure was similar to Example 4 and consisted of a distribution and an application chamber extending at a height of 2.5 cm above the ground through a distribution plate were separated. The application head A had a distribution chamber the dimensions 22.5 cm Length x 2.5 cm high x 7.5 cm wide and an application chamber 22.5 cm long x 7.5 cm high with an adjustable width from 0.64 to 7.5 cm. The distribution plate had 17 holes each 9.5 mm in diameter. At the application head 8, the distribution chamber was 15 cm wide and the application chamber could be up to a width of 15 cm can be set; this icopf had the same number and Size of the holes. The nozzle width is equal to the selected, set oreite the application chamber; the choice was made by discontinuing the application of a of the lips, with the two lips forming the boiled sides of the application chamber. The application head 8 was used when the nozzle width was more than 7.5 cm. while the foamed formulation was being applied to the fabric, the latter was standing in contact with both lips of the application nozzle. The conditions of the fabric treatment are listed in the table below, which also includes the nozzle slot width and the Indicating water pressure.

Table III Nozzle slot width in inches and (water pressure in inches) for fabric 30 m / min 60 m / min 90 m / min Density: o / ccm A 1/4 (-) 1/4 (1/4) 3 (1/4) 0.12 B 1/4 (3/4) 1/2 (1) 3 (5/8) 0.12 C 1/2 (2) 1/4 (1) 3 (1 1/2) 0.12 A 1/4 (1) 1/4 (2 1/4) 3 1/4 (11/2) 0.09 B 1/2 (3/2) 1/2 (1 1/2) 3 1/4 (13/8) 0.09 C 3 / 4 (2) 3/4 (15/8) 3 1/4 (1 3/4) 0.09 A 1/2 (1 1/2) 1 1/2 (11/2) 4 (5/8) 0.06 B 3/4 ( 5/8) 1 1/2 (1 1/4) 4 (1) 0.06 C 1 (2) 1 1/2 (11/2) 4 (1/4) 0.06 B e i s p i e l 7 A wash-wear formulation was produced from the following components Wt% DMDHEU 81.2 zinc nitrate; 30% 17.9 Wetting Agent II 0.6 Wetting Agent 1 0.3 Die liquid formulation had a density of 1.18 g / cc and a total solids content of 43.5% by weight. She was in a commercially available Ease-E-Foamer at a ratio of 13 and 6 vol. air per vol. liquid and 410 rpm. The wetting agent combination had the dual function of foaming agent and wetting agent. You got one Satisfying Schcum with a half-life of about 15 minutes and densities of 0.089 and 0.2 g / ccm, respectively. The foam was applied with an application head of 22.5 cm Length x 6.25 cm high. The two sides were 2.5 apart cm and the tops were sloped at an angle of 450. The distance between the sides gave the nozzle opening or gap. The foam was in the applicator inserted through the floor, and the fabric moved at one speed of 30 m / min for an MCT of 0.011 sec over the nozzle. The uniformity of application was excellent.

Example 8 A formulation was prepared from the following components: Wt% DMDHEU 81.2 zinc nitrate; 30% 17.9 wetting agent II 1.2 try Foam preparation as in Example 7 gave a foam with one density of 0.48 g / ccm. Due to this high density, the foam was unsatisfactory and could are not applied uniformly by the method according to the invention. In this In the experiment, the wetting agent II alone was not a sufficient foaming agent.

Example 9 The following two formulations were prepared: A 8 DMDHEU 81.2 61.2 zinc nitrate; 30% 17.9 17.9 foaming agent I n, 3 0.6 half-life; min - 26 These formulations were foamed according to Example 7. The formulation A did not give a satisfactory foam because the density was 0.41 g / ccm. The foam of Formulation 8 was satisfactory with a bubble size of 0.243 mm and a density of 0.04 g / cc when the shearer operated at 210 rpm became. Using the procedure and application head described in Example 7 was the foam from formulation 8 on a 50/50 polyester-cotton fabric for a Speed of 90 m / min applied to an exposure of 9 <0. The application on the polyester / cotton fabric was uniform. During operation of the foaming device at 485 rpm the foam had the same density, but a bubble size of 0.043 and could not be applied uniformly.

EXAMPLE 10 The following two formulations were made: A. B DMDHEU 81.2 81.2 zinc nitrate; 30 H 17.9 17.9 foaming agent I 1.2 1.2 surface act. Silicone Agent I 0.1 - These formulations were foamed as in Example 7; in In both cases, satisfactory foams with a density of 0.09 g / ccm were obtained The formulation containing silicone surfactant J formed one Foam with a half-life of 14 minutes, during the half-life of the formulation without silicone agent was 10 minutes, Ä e i s p i e 11 The following two were used Formulations made: A ~ ~ 8 DMDHEU 81.2 81.2 zinc nitrate; 30% 17.9 17.9 wetting agent II 0.6 0.6 foaming agent II 0.3 0.3 Zonyl FSN (surface act.

Perfluo.alkyl -mittel) 0.5 The foaming agent II was an adduct from mixed C11-15 linear secondary alcohols with 12 moles of ethylene oxide.

Foams were produced according to Example 7; the foam from formulation A had a density of 0.09 g / cc and a half-life of 5.5 minutes. The foam from formulation 8 had a density of 0.09 g / ccm and a half-life of 21 Minutes.

The application of the two foams to 50/50 polyester / cotton and 100% cotton fabric resulted in a good uniform distribution of the preparation, whereby the foamed formulation was applied as in Example 7.

8 e i s p i e 1 12 A number of formulations with different Amounts of added thickener made. The constant components of the Formulations were as follows: DMDHEU 81.2 zinc nitrate; 30% 17.9 wetting agent II 0.6 Foaming agent I 0.3 Formulation A did not contain any thickening agents and had a Brookfield viscosity of 5.2 cps at 23 ° C. Formulation 8 contained 0.1 % Hydroxyethyl cellulose, which is dissolved in 1% solution using a No. 3 at 30 rpm an LVT Brookfield viscosity of about 3000 cps at 250C. would have; the The formulation itself had a Brookfield viscosity of 15.7 cps at 23 ° C.

Formulation C contained 0.2% of the same hydroxyethyl cellulose and had a Brookfield viscosity of 30.4 cps at 23 ° C.

Formulation D contained 0.3% of the same hydroxyethyl cellulose and had a Brookfield viscosity of 83.1 cps at 23 ° C. These formulations were foamed as in Example 7 to form foams with a density of 0.045 g / ccm, whereupon the foams are applied to 4 oz 65/35 polyester / cotton and 100% cotton fabrics became. The application head used had a distribution chamber of 22.5x 5 x 5 cm and an application chamber of 22.5 x 5 x 1.9 cm. Hence the slot the application nozzle is 1.9 cm wide. The distribution plate had 15 holes each 4, bmm diameter. The inside inclination at the outlet lip of the nozzle was 5 @. at at a material speed of 90 m / min, the uptake was 6% by weight. The uniformity application was good for formulation A through C and medium for formulation D.

8 e i s p i e 1 13 A formulation was made from the following components produced: DMDHEU 81.2 zinc nitrate; 30% 17.9 wetting agent II 0.6 foaming agent I 0.3 The liquid formulation had a density of 1.18 g / ccm and a total solids content of 43.5% by weight; it was in an Ease-E-Foamer at a loading speed Formulation speed of 188 ccm / min with sufficient air supply for formation a foam with a density of 0.02 g / ccm foamed, the device worked at 410 rpm. The foam was applied to the surface of a 50/50 polyester / cotton substance at an uptake of 3% using those described in Example 12 Device with an application nozzle width of 30 mm and 5 ° inclination of the outlet lip applied.

The application to the fabric was done at a fabric speed of 90 m / min and a pressure drop of 6.4 mr water pressure across the fabric. The scored Application was of good uniformity.

e e i s p i e 1 14 In this example, the effect of pre-wetting of the substance with 60% water when using the method according to the invention evaluated. A formulation was prepared from the following components: DMDHEU 80.9 Zinc nitrate; 30% 17.9 Wetting agent II 0.6 Foaming agent II 0.6 This formulation was in an Ease-E foamer at 410 rpm and a load of 125 cc / min foamed. The educated Foam had a density of 0.06 g / ccm and was made with the apparatus described in Example 12 at one nozzle width 1.25 cm and a fabric speed of 90 m'min on the pre-wetted cotton fabric upset. The application of the formulation to the pre-wetted fabric was uniform; the pressure drop across the fabric was 1.25 cm of water pressure. Became the same foam applied to the same, not pre-wetted fabric, the pressure drop was over the fabric 6,67 cm water pressure.

8 e i s i e 1 l 5 The following components resulted in a formulation produced: DMDHEU 81.2 zinc nitrate; 30% 17.9 wetting agent II 0.6 foaming agent 1 0.3 This formulation was made in an Ease-E foamer at 410 rpm with a formulation loader of 564 ccm / min and a ratio of 15 vol. air per vol. formulation. The foam formed had a density of 0.078 gZccmi and was reduced to an 8 oz / yd. 2 5n / 50 polyester / cotton fabric at a fabric speed of 90 m / min under the same conditions as in Example 13 using a nozzle slot width of 30 mm with a take-up of 4.5. upset. The uniformity was excellent. The pressure drop across the fabric was 7.3 cc water pressure.

EXAMPLE 1 6 The following dye formulation was prepared: Latyl Orange 2 CFS (C.I. 44) kg 3.08 water 16.5 wetting agent II 0.18 foaming agent I 0.18 The pH was adjusted to 5-6 with acetic acid, and with an Ease-E foamer When the rotor was operated at 340 rpm, foams with different foam densities were produced manufactured: foam A B density; g / cc 0.03 0.057 half-life; min - 5 liquids Feed to the foamer; ccm / min 125 125 The foams were made on 100 d polyester fabric and 65/35 polyester / cotton fabric applied according to Example 12, the disen opening was adjusted to a gap of 1.25 cm between the lips. The fabric moved over the opening at 30 m / min and touched both lips of the nozzle; the total wet pick-up was 14% by weight.

When applying the foam A to the 100 H polyester fabric Parts of the nozzle opening are blocked with adhesive tape, causing one on the fabric Received striped pattern. The foam became uniform as in the other examples applied to the fabric and made it practically dry to the touch.

After it was left standing for some time, the striped fabric became 3 minutes to fix the dye to 2150C. heated.

Fan received a well-defined pattern. Similarly, it was the entire surface of the fabric colored by removing the tape from the nozzle.

Foam A was used for pattern application on 65/35 polyester / cotton used by means of the same device. The pattern effect was achieved by a stencil was attached between the nozzle and the fabric, which was located when the Foam from the nozzle at the same speed as the fabric was moving.

The dyed areas of the fabric were uniform, and a uniform, clear definition of colored areas noted.

Foam 0 was colored completely in the same way a 100% polyester fabric applied. The application was uniform and the Coloring evenly. Part of the fabric was removed after the foam was applied sprayed with lasse, the fabric was wound up, stored for about 48 hours, then the dye was at about 2150C for 3 minutes. fixed, creating an arbitrary Pattern with lighter areas noted where the water droplets deposited had.

In all cases, cleaning is recommended after the dye has been fixed ("scour") O e i s p i e l 17 The following combined wash-wear and dye formulation was used produced: 9 DMDHEU 24 270 zinc nitrate; 30% 5 370 wetting agent II 180 foaming agent II 180 Latyl Orange 2 crs 3 540 Part of the above formulation was 25% Wassor diluted, the pki value was set to 5-6 and the foam as in example 16 manufactured; it had a density of 0.046 g / ccm and a half-life of about 9.4 minutes; the formulation was in the foamer at 376 cc / min has been introduced; the volume ratio of air to liquid was about 25: 1.

The foam was as in Example 16 on a 65/35 polyester / cotton fabric applied at a material speed of 90 m / min for an MCT of 0.008 sec. The uptake on the fabric was 4.5% by weight of DMDHEU and 1.5% by weight of dye.

When the fabric was completely colored, the application was uniform and the coloring is even. Then the foam treated fabric was at 3 minutes 215 ° C. hardened. The same foam was also used to print a pattern on the Fabric as used in Example 16, achieving a clear definition.

The above data show that you can use several treatments, here the wash-wear Treatment and dyeing, simultaneously and without intermediate drying stages can perform. Cleaning ("@rocking") after dye fixation is useful, to improve peeling / and wetfastness and loose dye from the fabric to remove.

EXAMPLE 1 18 The following dye formulation was prepared: kg Latyl Orange 2 CFS 2.54 Water 16.5 Wetting agent II 0.95 Foaming agent II 0.18 surface act. Silicone agent 1 0.018 hydroxyl cellulose (according to example 12) 0.018 The pH of the formulation was adjusted to 5-6 with acetic acid and the foam produced as in Example 17 in the Ease-E-Foamer; he had a density of 0.075 g / ccm. As in Example 17, it was responsive to dye pick-up of 1.5% by weight applied to a 65/35 polyester / cotton fabric. The uniformity the application was excellent and a uniformly colored fabric was obtained both before and after dye fixation by heating for 3 minutes to 2150C.

A portion of the dye formulation was 5 times its weight diluted in water, padded on the fabric and the dye migration according to AATCC Test method 140-1974 evaluated.

A sample of the show treated fabric was used for comparison immediately after the foamed dye formulation has been applied Dye migration evaluated. It was found that that with the concentrated Dyestuff formulation treated by the foam process according to the invention showed practically no dye migration, while this with the diluted, The putty formulation treated fabric was strong and pronounced. The scored aren were 4 and 4, 8.

Claims (8)

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e 1, - Method for treating a porous Substrate by applying a functional treatment preparation to his Surface, characterized in that (a) the functional treatment preparation foamed to a foam with a density of 0.005-0.3 g / ccm, (b) the foamed Functional treatment preparation continuously leads to an application nozzle, (c) the substrate continuously over and in contact with the application d;) se leads, so that the substrate, the foamed functional treatment preparation and the Application nozzle touches at the same time at 801 speed, so that the machine contact time is equal to or less than the equilibrium contact time as defined by the equation is MCT # ECT; (d) a predetermined, controlled amount of the foamed functional treatment preparation at the application diiss on the surface of the substrate and (e) the treated substrate wins the functional Treatment preparation 5-75% by weight of a functional chemical, 0.2-5% by weight of foaming agent and 0-5 wt. wetting agents with the remainder being water. 2.- The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the foam density 0.01-0.2 g / cc. 3.- The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the foamed functional treatment preparation applied to one side of the substrate will. 4.- The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the Foamed to functional treatment preparation applied to both sides of the substrate will. 5.- The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that one A large number of foamed, functional treatment preparations applied to the substrate will. 6.- The method according to Ansoruch 1 to 5, characterized in that d the foamed functional treatment preparation to form a pattern on the substrate is applied. 7.- The method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the Substrate before application of the foamed functional treatment preparation is selectively pre-wetted. 8.- The method according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the Substrate after application of the foamed functional treatment preparation is selectively rewetted.