DE2818955A1 - Monitor using transceiver and memory - compares radiation returned and altered by transducer carried by object or subject in supervised zone - Google Patents

Abstract

The closed circuit TV monitor identifies objects inside a certain zone. It has a radiation transmitter and receiver, sending the radiation into, and receiving it from the zone. The objects carrys a transducer (65) which affects the radiation in the zone received by the receiver (32). The transducers have properties which have different influences on the radiation. A memory (73) stores these properties, and a comparator (74) compares the received radiation with the stored properties in order to detect which transducer (65) is in the zone. A store stores the previous determination of the transducer (65) position or place, and a comparator compares the stored with the current values, in order to find which transducer (65) has entered or left the zone between the preceding and current time interval. The current determination is stored for further use.

Description

Event monitor

The invention relates to an event monitor or a monitoring device and is particularly applicable to a monitor for a television receiver.

Monitors of various types have been proposed, for example Monitors for broadcast or line receivers, station tuning changes, the time of such changes and, in one case, the presence of a person monitor through the raw process of detecting whether a particular chair is in one Space is occupied or not. A monitor has also been proposed that has a limited Has a storage facility provided by a semiconductor memory, this memory at very frequent time periods or intervals by a central station is checked.

Monitors have also been suggested for other use cases, for example for monitoring the unauthorized removal of goods from shops by means of one attached to the goods Device and an extensive and bulky transmitter-receiver assembly on the shop door to prevent the passage of the Detect device through the shop door.

It is the object of the invention to provide improved monitors by safe monitoring is possible.

According to a first embodiment of the invention is an event monitor intended for detecting the identity of bodies within a given zone, wherein the monitor comprises a radiation transmitter for emitting radiation via the zone, a receiver for receiving the radiation from the zone, transponder members or transducers carried by the bodies for influencing the Receivers received radiation when the transducers are in the zone, the transducers Have properties that each have different effects on radiation have memory members for storing the properties or characteristics the respective transducers, comparators for comparing the received radiation with the stored characteristics to determine which of the transducers is within of the zone, storage members for storing a previous determination of the Location of the transducers, comparator elements for comparing the stored determination with ongoing determination to obtain data on those transducers who entered or left the zone between the current one and the previous point in time, and an update device for updating the previous provision by the current provision for provision for another determination.

The converters can be active or passive devices but preferably passive.

One possible embodiment of this transmitter-receiver-converter arrangement is based on various pulse delays introduced by the respective transducers The values of the delays are stored for comparison at the receiver with the actual or actual signal delay given by those within the zone located transducers are generated. A locking member can be the presence or the absence of any such transducer save to a continuous Record the current conditions or states.

Such an arrangement can be in relatively small form or miniaturized be manufactured and as such is particularly suitable for store security systems. In this case there is the possibility of differentiating between certain transducers not necessarily used. Therefore, according to a second embodiment According to the invention, a monitor is provided which has a transmitter for transmitting radiation via a zone, a receiver for receiving radiation from the zone, responder links or transducers, each arranged to introduce a delay in transmission between transmitter and receiver when this transducer is within the zone is, and an analysis or evaluation device for evaluating the received radiation to determine whether the time interval between sending and receiving the presence of a transducer in the zone or not.

High-frequency, for example microwave or ultrasonic transmission signals can for example be used to detect the transducers.

For use in television monitoring, according to the invention such monitors having means for recording television channel usage provided, i.e. the time of a Channel change and each selected channel. According to a preferred embodiment, the recorded Information stored in read-write memory with random access and a central computer is used to query this memory infrequently Time intervals, for example daily. It follows that through the memory a Limitation of the amount of data that can be stored is given, as well as the Time between polls. To reduce this limitation is according to a further embodiment of the invention a television receiver monitor is provided, which has an identifier for identifying channel changes, a memory for storing identified channel changes and the time of their occurrence Member which is operable to free the memory to save the changes and the --Zeitpunkt-e-onlyig-when the change occurs during a given Time has passed, and means for recording a counter reading in the memory for each of several consecutive time intervals, each Counter reading a count - the total number of channel selections, -the - i-within the assigned time interval have been recorded and the shorter than the specified Have lasted for a long time.

According to a further embodiment of the invention is an event monitor provided for a television receiver which has a detection device for detection the channel selection, wherein the detection means comprises a receiving member for receiving a line sync pulse from the receiver, a member for generating of standard line sync pulses according to specified transmissions and a phase comparator for comparing the phase of the envelope of the received Line sync pulse with that of the standard pulses and for generating Data defining the transmission according to the received line sync pulses based on the comparison result.

This feature of the invention is based on the finding that line sync pulses move when a channel selection is made and that the location of the sync pulses is a function of the sending station. In addition, it was found that advertising slots or insertions produce a significant phase change in the line sync pulse, wherein this change or this change according to a preferred embodiment is detected to identify viewing of advertisements.

Such a monitor can be an intermediate frequency or tF circuit have for receiving video transmissions and a switching device for each Connect the circuit to channels to generate the standard line sync pulses. The switching elements can have a manual operating mode for manual switching Use when initial setting up the monitor.

The detection element preferably has an adjustable delay for use in adjusting the monitor for local conditions or Conditions.

Six or more standard line sync pulses can be provided with individual coordination in each case.

A detected channel selection is preferably in an n-bit digital code specified instead of in a one-of-n code.

The detection device can be a member for distinguishing a specific line of a transmission field to have their line sync pulse therefrom to derive for channel detection, as explained, and / or according to a further Embodiment of the invention for reading the data conveyed by this line to identify the transmission channel. The latter detection is based on the Recognition that transmissions on a line, typically the 16th line, are digital data that are specific to each transmission.

In this way, according to this embodiment, there is': the invention an event monitor for a television receiver is provided which has a detection device for the detection of channel selections, wherein the detection device comprises a reading member for reading at least a portion of a particular line of transmission and to capture and record the recipient usage depending on in this Section of read digital data.

The presence of advertisements can also be digital through this Leadership promoted or broadcast, then viewing advertisements as well can be monitored by reading that particular line or line.

One embodiment uses both embodiments for determination the viewing conditions, i.e. the particular line or line is read and their Line or line sync pulse is derived for testing purposes as explained has been.

The digital content of the line or line is also evaluated to determine the visual condition and if both tests agree the established or recorded visual conditions are accepted as valid and stored.

All of these monitors described preferably contain a clock generator through its use, the event times or times are also recorded can be. In addition, the monitors also preferably contain a means a microprocessor-programmed computer to determine the monitor operation, i.e. to determine the respective event from the incoming data and to record of the event in a way that clearly identifies the event, as well as in the In the case of television or other uses, the time or time of occurrence of the event.

The monitors are preferably powered by the mains and have a Replacement battery to obtain or preserve recorded data.

A microprocessor can monitor the network and battery status for recording errors such as a power failure as well as the time or point in time their occurrence. Therefore, such a microprocessor cannot only be used for recording or logging of external events, but also of internal changes of the monitor.

The monitor preferably has an interface through which it can receive from a central station can be called up for the transmission or removal of the data from the monitor to the central station.

Therefore, the monitor preferably has an integrated circuit formed memory chip of sufficient size to record multiple events and times or points in time, so that only in an intermittent manner, for example once a day, a query by the central station is required.

Once the monitor is called, it gives a monitor identification or identifier from together with the respective stored data.

Regarding a particular monitored event, such as a channel change in the case of a television viewing monitor> the monitor preferably saves as special Events and times or

Points in time only those changes that are for at least one predetermined Remain stable over time. All other changes related to such an event, which remain stable for less than the specified time can then be totalized or added up and with respect to time or point in time only be identified within a particular period, such as a 15 minute period. Consequently, you cannot have more than 96 storage locations for up to, for example 9 Digits store several hundred such transient or transition changes, whereby this storage does not give any data that the station change to a particular one Time has taken place, but there are such changes in relation to the totality of changes each within a number of time periods.

A life support system can be used to maintain battery performance to be fed to the storage members of the recorders for temporary use the memory link between the monitor and the central processor when it is not is required to be queried automatically, for example if the monitor is in a arranged for an automatic telephone connection inaccessible remote location is.

Preferably the monitors are programmed to match the input data characteristics query in order to book or account for each operating mode and to identify each in such a way that the acceptance or inclusion in the main storage area does not take place without complete alignment or adjustment and parallel examination. The overall operation of the monitor has been selected so that it functions correctly and functions correctly Processing or procedure is ensured.

A preferred embodiment of an event monitor like him is designed to monitor the use of television receivers, acts essentially as follows. First, it monitors the television information to provide data whether the receiver is switched on or switched off, which channel is being watched, the presence of advertisements and transitional viewing conditions, i.e. channel choices, that last for less than a specified time. Second, the monitor draws the time of each of these events, except for transitional visual states, where only the relevant one of several time periods is defined. For the third the monitor monitors family information insofar as it monitors the entry and the Leaving a specified field of vision by several different people or Individuals establishes which is identified by particular limbs or transducers worn in each case are. Fourth, the monitor saves all of this data for a 24 hour period Period and transmits it to a main computer on request. Finally are Comprehensive error checking routines are provided for internal functions and sensor operation to monitor.

The invention is based on the embodiment shown in the drawing explained in more detail. 1 shows a block diagram to illustrate the structure a central station coupled to a television monitor, FIG. 2 is a block diagram a television monitor, FIGS. 3 and 4 together show a block diagram of a channel monitoring circuit of the monitor according to FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an interrogator and a Responder or responder or transducer, Fig. 6 with 8 detailed flowcharts, FIG. 9 is a test printout of a central station, FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram of a Transceiver, Fig. 11 is a circuit diagram of a converter.

The embodiment described below relates to a television receiver monitor which contains an integrated circuit memory in which events and the time or the point in time of their occurrence are stored. The display is coupled via a telephone line to a central station in which a computer the content of the memory of several such monitors at time intervals, for example once a day, can lead out or query.

Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of the overall structure or organization a central station 1, which via a telephone exchange system 2 with a single TV monitor 3 is coupled via modems. In particular, the central station contains 1 an automatic dialer 4, a memory 5 for the telephone numbers the monitors, a clock 6 which sequentially calls the monitors, a data organizer 7, which receives data from the clock 6 and from the telephone switching system 2, one Hand pressure Erzengs-und -Erkennungsanordnung 8, an interface 9 and a data recording, Processing and printing equipment 10.

In each house there is a switch 11 for switching between the usual handset 12 and the monitor 3, a ringer detector 13, an interface 14 and a hand pressure detection and generation arrangement 15 (English: hand-shake recognition and generation arrangement).

Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of the television monitor 3. This monitor 3 is based on a microcomputer, in this case a microcomputer kit of the type RCA-Cosmac using a central processing unit or a CPU 16 of the CDP 1802 type. The microcomputer kit contains a read-only memory 17 (ROM) as a program memory and a random access memory (RAM) 18 as a data memory. This for Standard hardware common to microcomputer users is not explained in more detail. data are sent to the microcomputer by a television data interface 19 (a data buffer) fed, as well as a quartz-controlled clock generator 20, a house identification circuit 21 (lock storing a single identity number), a family watchdog circuit 22 (a data buffer storing data from a latch 74-5) and a Supply control circuit 23.

The latter is together with a mains supply 24 and a spare battery 25 and allows power from the battery in the event of a power failure is available. There is also a signal about the status of the power supply to the CPU 16 as a signal that goes low when the line voltage drops to almost zero. The control circuit 23 there is also a rectified Alternating signal from the network, for example a pulse train at 50 Hz, where this signal is high when the grid is down. In addition, the monitor contains 3 a telephone interface 26 for coupling the monitor 3 to the switch 11. The structure of the interface 26 is customary in the field of computer data processing.

In Fig. 2, a television receiver 27 is also shown, which with the monitor 3 via an inductive pick-up 28, a television usage monitoring circuit 29 and the interface 19 is coupled. The monitoring circuit 29 generates Data defining a selected television channel and these are stored in the data store or RAM 18 along with the time of occurrence of the change supplied, which is derived from the quartz-controlled clock generator 20. Hence how explained so far, the arrangement achieves the acquisition and storage of data, which show the times of changes and the usage periods of the television channels, such as in England BBC 1, BBC 2 and IBA. The television receiver 27 has also a teletext decoder 30 for outputting data relating to teletext channel selection to the interface 19 for also storing together with the time or the point in time of occurrence. The teletext decoder 30 can easily manually select one Capture teletext channel and therefore need not be explained in detail below. On the other hand, the monitoring circuit 29 detects the selection of transmission channels by means of a particularly expedient method, which is explained in detail below will.

The recording, identification and the chronological sequence of the individuals or people within a family using the receiver 27 is also provided using individual sensors or transponders or transducers that of the single persons or individuals and using a microwave or ultrasonic transmitter 31 and an associated one Receiver 32 are detected. The signals from receiver 32 become the family monitoring circuit 22, the data of the CPU 16 together with time information from the clock 20 feeds. This information is also stored in RAM 18 or data memory. Additional information regarding the conditions or states of the power supply are also stored in RAM 18, this indicating the occurrence of a power failure or a mains restoration, such as that from the power supply control circuit 23 is signaled or displayed. The time or time of occurrence such an event is also recorded by the RAM 18.

According to the previous explanation, the monitor 3 can select the channel, entering or leaving the field of vision by individuals and the supply conditions monitor, all of these events being stored together by the RAM 18 with their times or times of occurrence, which is derived from the clock generator 20 will.

To reduce the amount of storage required by RAM 18 is, which can be in the range of 4K words, but it is suggested to use the channel and save its time of occurrence only if the channel selection is during has passed at least a predetermined time of, for example, 3 minutes. All Channel selections that last less than this period are called transient or Considered transitional choices and the monitor totalizes or counts such transitional choices together within a number of time periods, e.g. 15 minutes and stores them in RAM 18. Therefore, such transition changes or choices are made within a memory bank of 96 memory locations is recorded within the RAM 18, wherein each memory location corresponds to a specific 15-minute period and each transition choice by adding a 1 to the respective 15-minute memory location is recorded.

The information stored in the RAM 18 can be extracted by the CPU 16 and the telephone interface 16 coupled to the central station 1 will. The central station 1 can, for example, a readout call of all such Carry out monitors 3 during the morning hours between 2 and 5 h each day. The transmissions can be made by means of land lines or other connections during this period.

You can also answer and / or input calls at all other times Allow or accept during a 24-hour period to all eventualities to cover. For example, if a landline is used, the Transmission rate or speed determined to be 2.5 k baud.

Provision is made for the house identity circuit 21 uniquely identifying each monitor 3, this identity being one in the Number containing data is transmitted, which is fed to the central station 1, during the read-out call or during an automatic monitoring call.

The monitor or monitoring time control is carried out by means of the quartz-controlled Clock 20, which is connected to a display 33, so that the user a Has running time display. This display 33 becomes automatic disconnected when the monitor 3 relies on the replacement battery during a power failure 25 is switched. The spare battery 25 operates the entire system for 4 hours, and the memory banks can be arranged to have their own 24 hour Have a lifetime or a livelihood. The CPU 16 checks the status of each Part of its system and reports errors to the central station 1 during the read-out call however, it should also be designed in such a way that errors are sent to the central station 1 from the monitor 3 signaled or transmitted at certain times.

As will be explained in more detail below, the monitor saves 3 in its RAM 18 different error messages and times or points in time thereof Occurring every time a certain error has been detected.

The monitor 3 can also be designed so that it receives input signals which are transmitted via lines or via microwaves or via others Frequencies.

The ROM 17 of the monitor 3 is a programmable memory that is a Contains program that controls the operation of the CPU 18 of the monitor 3. The content of the program in memory 17 is described below with reference to flow charts or flow charts explained in more detail.

3 and 4 show a circuit diagram of the monitoring circuit 29, which forms part of the event monitor according to FIG. 1, this monitoring circuit 29 is adapted to identify the channel on which the television receiver 17 is coordinated. The principle of this monitoring circuit 29 is as follows explained. The pickup 28 is provided for line or line sync pulses to be recorded by a television receiver 27 via induction. At the same time, the transmitted television signals are received by a UHF antenna 34 and an intermediate frequency or IF strip 35 fed through preset channels by a channel selector 36 can be incremented. Line or line sync pulses are from IF strips 35 obtained and by a phase comparator 37 of the 7420 type with those which are obtained from the transducer 28 compared. At one step of the channel selector 36 correct the phases of the envelope curve of the line sync pulses in the monitored Receiver 27 and the line sync pulses from IF strip 37 essentially match. If this condition is met, then defined the state of the channel selector 36 the selected frequency or the selected channel, this data in eight bits binary coded form are fed to the output (Fig. 4).

This circuit is based on the knowledge that the phase of the line sync pulse differs from channel to channel.

It has also been found that there is a marked phase change when changing from a program to an advertisement and vice versa and that this Phase change or this phase change can also be detected to the reception identify from advertisements.

The transducer 28 consists (for example) of about 20 turns of wire of conductive wire on a square frame about 12.5 cm (5 inches). The pickup 28 and its associated circuitry are tuned to 15.625 kHz. The signal from the pickup 28 is provided by means of transistors TR1 and TR2 Circuit boosted and limited to be in the 0 to +5V range. This signal ignites or triggers a monostable flip-flop 38 of the type 74121, which has an adjustable pulse width, which by means of a potentiometer 39 is adjustable. The Q output of the monostable multivibrator 38 is a monostable toggle 40 of the type 74121 supplied, with this monostable A setting of 4.5 us is achieved by a potentiometer 41 toggle element 40.

The output of the monostable flip-flop 40 is a restored one Line sync pulse which is fed to the phase comparator 37 and also a controllable monostable flip-flop 54 of the type 74122 (Fig. 4).

A second input of the phase comparator 37 receives a second one again, produced line sync pulse from a monostable flip-flop 42 from Type 74121 derived from IF strip 35. The IF strip 35 leads his Video signal of a sync separating circuit comprising transistors TR3 and TR4 to. The separation circuit leads line sync pulses to a monostable flip-flop 43 from Type 74121 through a transistor TR5 that is set to 40, us lun the To eliminate the effect of any subsequent impulses that are within the next half line. The output signal of the monostable flip-flop 43 is fed to the monostable flip-flop 42, which is set to 5 µs.

A third input of the phase comparator 37 takes place via an enable switch 44 for manual channel change, which is also useful for tuning.

The output signal of the phase comparator 37 sets a bistable Flip-flop 45 of the type 7474 by clock input of a '! 1 "in its input, if a Out of phase condition exists between the two line sync pulses.

The tuning member of the IF strip 35 uses adjustable varactor diodes and is therefore tuned by means of variable voltages, in the present case in the range from 0 to 30 V.

One potentiometer 46 for each station or channel, six of them are shown is provided. These are in turn made by a BCD / decimal decoder 47 of type 7442 switched on.

The BCD / decimal decoder 47 also controls six channel identification LEDs via buffers 48 49 on the front of the monitor 3.

The decoder 47 is used as a binary / octal converter. The binary The input of the decoder 47 comes from a circuit which is a binary counter 50 is of the 74197 type, which is reset to "1" by a monostable flip-flop 51 when the number of channels exceeds 6. If it is assumed that the first that second and third stages of the channel selector 36 to the transmitters BBC1, BBC2 and IBA, respectively is tuned, the fourth stage can be for the detection of an IBA advertising slot or slots can be used. In this case the fourth stage is also tuned to the transmitter IBA, so that when a phase change occurs due to a change oQe; transition from the usual IBA program for one Advertising of the channel selector stepped by the current phase change to channel 4 which is why it is called an IBA advertising insert.

The binary output from binary counter 50 also becomes one as a latch acting circuit 55 of the type 74197 (Fig. 4) and a further decoder 56, which this time is a binary 16 line decoder of the type 74154. The decoder 56 is designed so that its channels in octal form from outputs 2 to 7 to outputs 10-15 can be moved by keeping the most significant input signal low or made high, thereby switching the rows or lines that lead to a diode matrix 57 of the type IN 914, which results in the output signal code. This system setup is necessary so that the station can use on-codes and off-codes can be generated.

The off code is the code that is issued at the output when another channel has been selected but has not yet been reached. The circuit, which generates this most significant bit is a flip-flop 58 of the 7474 type. This bistable flip-flop 58 is set by channel increment pulses that the Binary counter 50 are fed via circuits 52 and 59 and is reset, when an in-phase condition has been reached.

The output from the diode array 57 is buffered with open Collector fed, which raise to +10 V, and then to output 60. To the output to block and to achieve that all output signals go to "zero" is the monostable flip-flop 54 is provided. This is a controllable one again monostable flip-flop of the type 74122, which can be controlled again by the line sync pulses is to enable the we outputs. The result is that the receiver monitored is switched off, the output is blocked.

A channel update is made by a counter 61 of the type 74197 achieved, with various output signals being decoded and in a comparator circuit 62 of the Type 7420 can be compared to the phase comparator output from the latch or the bistable flip-flop 45. If an in-phase condition is present, the counter 61 is reset via a circuit 53 of the 74121 type. Only the first three bits of the counter 61 are used for these decodings and therefore must an incorrect or inaccurate phase output signal is received twice before a decoding of 15 increments or advances the number of channels to the next channel. The clock signal for the counter 61 comes from a timer 63 which is an astable Type 555 multivibrator.

Alternatively, it is also possible to send data via the 16th line use the transmission to identify a station; if a combination this extension used with that of Figures 3 and 4 is the data used on the 16th line to lead out the line sync pulse. In this Case, a digital circuit is provided to the first stage according to FIG. 3 (input amplifier and limiter) to replace input signals from the sampling circuit of the receiver 27 to bring out the 16th line or line from the video signal. The slave strip 35 is also controlled so that it has its line sync pulse only for the 16th line or line. This line, for a standard transmission, contains thirteen 8-bit segments received by monitor 3. A 57us repeater is provided so that line 16 is monitored twice for the assigned lock bit to isolate, which continues in the remaining circuit of FIG. 3 for identification purposes with the signal from slave strip 35 as before. In addition, facilities be provided to read the digital data brought out in the 16th line, to the received channel receive as well as the moment of switching to an advertisement, all of this data being digitally conveyable on the 16th line or are transferable.

Fig. 5 shows an interrogation circuit 64 of the monitor 3 and one of several transponders or transducers 65, which are used to determine the presence or Absence of individuals or persons to be used. Fig. 5 also shows the respective signal curves. Every individual or person wears a special one Converter 65, which has a receiving demodulator 66, a programmable delay element 67 and a transmission modulator 68 contains.

In the illustrated embodiment, the converter 65 speaks Ultrasonic waves at, but can also for high frequencies, such as microwaves be executed. The delay will be for each individual or person given special value, such that this delay is recognized by the interrogator 64 can be to recognize the respective individual. The interrogator 64 has a timer 69 and a monostable flip-flop 70 which generates a pulse (line A) generated, which is transmitted or sent via a transmission modulator 71 (line B), around the delayed pulses (line F) received by transducers 65, are received by a receiver 72 and transmitted with multiple pulses (lines C, D and E) compared to a succession of delays in a delay device 73 can be generated from the pulse that has been sent. A locking comparator 74 determines which of the internally generated pulses corresponds to each received pulse and thus identifies the delay and thus the individual.

The output of the latching comparator 74 becomes the interface 22 of the monitor 3 supplied. The output of the latching comparator 74 thus reflects the current state of the individuals.

The interrogation element 64 and the transducer 65 are also designed in this way in connection with the program of the monitor 3 that they respond to the direction moves a person or individual into it in order to be able to identify when a person or an individual moves into a given reception zone and also if it moves out of this zone. Hence the last one evaluated or analyzed state of the locking comparator 74 in the monitor 3 stored and intermittently compared with the current state of the locking Comparator to determine whether there has been any transmission of the identity of the persons or individuals are or are not present in the reception zone.

The monitor 3 has the ROM 17 which contains a program that the Controls overall operation of the monitor 3. A general flow chart of the program as well as detailed flow charts of parts of the program are discussed below. The following is a general representation of the main program loop: 1. Start 2. Delete and initiate or initialize 3. Processing: Time 4. Processing: Supply state 5. Process: Family 6. Process: TV probe 7. Return to 3; The interrupt or interruption routine is carried out as follows: 8. Interrupt 9. Save: interrupted conditions 10. Check: 50 Hz signal, if yes, transition after 14 11th check: data request, if not transition after 16 12th transfer: Data 13. Back to 2 ~~, 14. Processing: 50 Hz interrupt 15. Restore: interrupted conditions and return 16. Interruption error: Transition to 15.

The system is deleted in more detail after entering the program and initiated or triggered. Then the time resp.

the time processed by reading out the clock 20 becomes the State of the power supply read out by the control circuit 23, the individuals sensed or sensed by the monitoring circuit 22 and eventually becomes television use detected by the interface 19. The interrupt or interruption routine is provided, so that the central station 1 can interrupt the program, a transmission of the Can trigger data to the central station 1 and can trigger a restart.

Figures 6 through 8 show more detailed flow charts of the program.

Fig. 6 relates to steps 1 to 4 above. First of all the interrupts are locked and then the memory is cleared and the program initiated or triggered. The interruptions are then released for any eventuality to be ready for repatriation. Now the quartz-controlled clock is used Referenced, and when a time change is detected, the time in a Software register "Curtim" stored and a software 50 Hz time counter supplied by circuit 23 set to 60. If no time change is detected, the time counter is read, and if its count is zero, a message "clock generator stopped." stored as a message 7 in the memory in a software register "Curtim" 18 (RAM). The program then proceeds by reading the supply status error flag from the control circuit 23, and if this shows a change of state, branches the program starts to determine if the backup supply is on or not. When the backup supply is switched on, the program branches again to store a type 9 supply failure message (Fig. 9) together with the current time, after which the clock display is blocked and the program continues with the family feeler routine. If on the other hand the backup supply is not switched on, a supply restoration message is sent of type 9 (Fig. 9) is stored together with the current time, after which the clock display is solved and the program is continued again with the family probe routine.

During the interrupt or interruption procedure, 1 if is determined is that the interrupts are enabled, the interrupted conditions are stored and the interruptions are blocked. Then the procedure expects a 50 Hz signal, after which when it occurs, the program branches to the 50 Hz time counter by one counting backwards. A DMA self-counter of the 50 Hz counter can do this part of the interrupt routine substitute.

If a 50 Hz signal is not detected, the program advances to one Data requirement test that branches out into a function that is storing an interruption error message (of type 10) plus the current time. Thereafter, the method or processing continues for re-storage the interrupted conditions and to enable the interruptions.

Fig. 7 shows the family probe routine in which the current content of the locking comparator 74 is queried, which is in a register "Presin" is stored and compared with the contents of a register "Lastin", the contains the previous contents of the interlocking comparator 74. The state the comparison or comparisons is then examined, and if it is determined that there is a difference, the program proceeds by drawing out the family identity of each bill of exchange and saves it. The program determines also from the comparison of whether an individual is feeling or grasping his arrival or its exit corresponds to. If the system detects a person leaving, so examines the program to see if the person is already considered outside located recorded has been, and when it does not an outside message of type 12 is stored with the identity of the person and the program then proceeds to the main part of the routine. If on the other hand the program determines that the person is already outside, then it is a mistake present and then the system stores an outside message of type 12 relating to the person along with their identity and an error code. When is detected that the person arrives or enters, follows a similar procedure, with with the exception that an inside message of type 11 relating to the person is stored will. Subsequent to these procedures, the current time is stored in RAM 18 and the Elastin register is made equal to the Presin register.

Figure 8 shows the television sensor routine. The time has been calculated since of the last message by subtracting the contents of a register "Mestim" (which the Time of the last channel selection) from that of the "Curtim" register> The time difference is measured to determine whether it is greater than 3 minutes and if this is the case, it is ensured that a register 1, Mestemt1, the message of the previous Channel selection from the monitoring circuit stores, in RAM 18 is stored with the time of the message (Mestim) and that "Mestem" is cleared or reset to zero will. If the time is less than 3 minutes, it is assumed at this stage that the channel selection is only temporary or transient. The program is progressing then proceed by reading out the television surveillance circuit buffer and the channel selection data from this buffer are stored in a register "Custat". This data will be compared with the last reading previously entered in a "TV Temp" register. If there is no change in state, the program proceeds to return away. When a status change is detected, the program detects whether the setting is switched on is and whether a message of type 1 together with the content, the time, the register "Curtim" is saved. The program continues to check if one previous channel selection was transient or not. If from the register "Mestim" the state zero is read out, the program bypasses four of its stages, as shown. If the count of the Mestim register is not zero, the program calculates the time since the last message (l'Curtim "-" Mestim "), and if this time is longer than 3 minutes, the following two processing steps are carried out bypassed. If the time is less than 3 minutes, the current 1 5-minute transition block becomes calculated and "1" is added. If a message of type 1 is then detected, the "Mestim" register is cleared, otherwise the "Mestim" register is the same the register "Curtim" is set and in both cases the program advances to Setting the content of the "TV Temp" memory equal to that of the "Custat" register.

If the program determines that setting is not switched off, it checks to see if the set has just been turned on, where it then stores a type 2 message in the RAM memory as well as the content of the register "Curtim". It then checks for a channel selection and if so If this is the case, a message of type 3, 4 or 5 is saved in the Fixed register before proceeding to check the "Mestim" register. Then check that out Program the capture of an advertisement, with a corresponding coded message and "Curtim" is saved if the test is positive. If a Ceefax or Oracle choice is detected, an appropriate message is stored in a similar manner. if No channel selection is found, a type 13 TV error message is stored.

Alternatively, of course, the program can be expanded to that not only the choice of Ceefax and Oracle is recorded, but also the time to which they are switched on as well as a change from one side to the other, whereby these conditions can also be saved.

Fig. 9 shows a printout from a central station 1, on the left the data are shown obtained from a monitor 3 and being on the right Comments printed out by the central station 1 as an interpretation of the monitor data are shown. Under the data end message Z are possible versions of the ORACLE and CEEFAX information is reproduced.

VIEW DATA can be recorded similarly.

Lines 4 and 5 show the 96 15 minute sums, where X is a Means zero. Line 6 is the representation of a typical event, whereby the first two digits are the code defining the event (person input) where the next 6 digits represent the time and where the last two Digits show additional event data, in this case the person's identity.

Figures 10 and 11 show an embodiment of through the monitor 3 facilities used to record persons or individuals in a Viewing zone. Fig. 10 shows a circuit diagram of the transceiver 22 of the monitor 3 and Fig. 11 shows a circuit diagram of a converter.

In Fig. 10, a master timer 69 (of the RCA type 4060) is shown, the timing components 75 are assigned to an output signal every 5 s which is shaped by a circuit 76 and fed to an oscillator 71 which generates a pulse with an ultrasonic frequency (40 to 48 kHz).

This pulse is amplified by an amplifier 77 and an antenna 31 '(of type SE 05B-40T) is supplied as a 200 ms pulse.

A second timer 78 (RCA type 4060) controls a decade counter 79 (of the RCA type 4017), whose output stage with its Reset input is connected via a bistable flip-flop 80, this by the output signal of the circuit 76 via a delay element in the form of logic elements 81 is controlled. The decade counter 79 therefore remains in its final counting state until the Timer 78 has given a signal and a predetermined delay has occurred Has. Then the decade counter 79 is reset and counts over 10 "time slots" the assigned 10 outputs, the latter of which is connected to the toggle element 80, with 7 others each connected to AND gates 82, the bistable latches 74, which are formed by the RCA circuit type 4043. The other entrances of AND gates 80 all receive a signal from receiving antenna 32 '(of the SE 05B-40R) via an amplifier 83, a rectifier and an envelope detector 84.

The responder member or transducer of FIG. 11 includes one very similar circuit, i.e. a receiving antenna 86, an amplifier 87, a Rectifier and envelope detector 88, delaying logic elements 89, a bistable flip-flop 90, a multivibrator 91, a transmitting antenna 92, a timer 93 (of type 4060) and a decade counter 94 (of type 4017). In this case it will a delay is introduced by the fact that a desired one of the outputs of the decade counter 94 is connected to the link members 89. The output signal at the transmitting antenna 92 then has a delay corresponding to the selected output.

It follows quite clearly that a transducer is within the given range one of the bistable locks according to FIG. 10 will reset. The through the The pulse generated by the transducer is half the width of a time slot. The data can of the interlocks by a release signal from the microprocessor on one Input 95 can be read out.

Claims (13)

Claims event monitor to determine the identity of bodies within a given zone, the monitor having a radiation transmitter to transmit of radiation across the zone and a receiver to receive radiation from the Zone, characterized by a transducer (65) carried by the bodies to influence the radiation received by the receiver (32) when the transducers (65) are in the zone, the transducers (65) having properties that are respectively have different influences on the radiation, a storage device (73) for storing the properties of the respective transducers (65), a comparator (74) for comparing the received radiation with the stored properties for Determining which of the transducers (65) is within the zone, a memory (81) for storing a previous determination of the location or location of the transducers (65) and a comparison device (16, 17) for comparing the stored determination with the ongoing determination to generate data on which of the transducers (65 ) in the zone between the current and previous time have occurred or have left this and to continue the previous provision by the current provision for provision for a further determination. 2. Monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that these properties Pulse transmission delays are introduced by the respective transducers (65) are, the values of the delays are stored for comparison with the actual signal delay, generated by those transducers (65) located within the zone. 3. Monitor, with a transmitter for sending radiation over a zone and a receiver for receiving radiation from the zone, characterized by Transducers (65) designed to introduce a delay in the transmission insert between the transmitter (31) and the receiver (32) when the transducer (65) is located within the zone, and an evaluation device (73, 74) for evaluation the received radiation to determine whether the time interval between transmission and Reception of the presence of a particular transducer (65) in the zone corresponds to or not. 4. Monitor according to one of claims 1 to 4 with an identification device for identifying television reception channel changes and with a memory for Saving identified channel changes and the time of their occurrence, marked by an operating device (16,17) which releases the memory (18) so that it only saves these changes and these times if the change occurs during a given time lasted, and that in the memory (18) a counter reading is recorded for each of several consecutive time intervals, where each count is the count of the total number of channel selections made within of the assigned time interval are recorded and have lasted shorter than the given time. 5. Television receiver monitor, with an identifier for Identifying television reception channel selections and having a memory for storage identified channel selections and the times of their occurrence, indicated by an operating device (16,17) which releases the memory (18) so that it can store them Change and save these times only if the change occurs during a specified period Time has lasted, and that in the memory (18) a count for each of several consecutive time intervals are recorded, with each counter reading the count is the total number of channel selections made within the assigned time interval and which lasted less than the given time. 6. Monitor according to one of claims 1 to 5, with a detection device for detecting television reception channel selections, characterized in that the detection device comprises: a receiving member (28) for receiving a line sync pulse from the receiver (27), a member (35) for emitting standard line sync pulses accordingly predetermined transmissions and a phase comparator (37) for comparing the phase the envelope of the received line sync pulse with that of the standard line sync pulses and for generating data corresponding to the received line sync pulse on the Define appropriate transfers based on the comparison result. 7. Television receiver monitor, with a detection device for detection of television reception channel selections, characterized in that the detection device comprises: a receiving member (28) for receiving a line sync pulse from the receiver (27), a member (35) for emitting standard line sync pulses accordingly predetermined transmissions and a phase comparator (37) for comparing the phase the envelope of the received line sync pulse with that of the standard line sync pulses and for generating data corresponding to the received line sync pulse on the Define corresponding transmissions based on the comparison result. 8. event monitor according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by a Detection device (36) for detecting the movement of the phase of a line sync pulse to identify the viewing of advertisements. 9. Event monitor according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized by an IF circuit (35) for receiving video transmissions and switching means (36) for switching the IF circuit (35) to corresponding channels for delivering the Standard line sync pulses. lo. Event monitor according to one of Claims 6 to 9, characterized in that that the detection device has a marking device for marking a special line or line of a transmission field to generate its line sync pulse for channel acquisition. 11. television receiver monitor according to one of claims 1 to 5, with a detection device for detecting channel selections, characterized in that, that the detection device contains a reading member for reading at least a part a special line of a transmission and for determining and recording the Receiver usage depends on digital data read in this section. 12. Event monitor for a television receiver with a detection device for detecting channel selections, characterized in that the detection device a reading member contains for reading at least part of a particular line of a Transmission and for determining and recording recipient usage dependent of digital data read in this section. 13. Event monitor according to claim 11 or 12, characterized by a reading member for reading a portion of the line to detect the presence of advertisements to capture in a channel.