DE2946662A1 - Blood pressure measuring appts. - uses ultrasonic waves with volume variation of injected gas bubbles indicated from size of reflected waves - Google Patents
Blood pressure measuring appts. - uses ultrasonic waves with volume variation of injected gas bubbles indicated from size of reflected wavesInfo
- Publication number
- DE2946662A1 DE2946662A1 DE19792946662 DE2946662A DE2946662A1 DE 2946662 A1 DE2946662 A1 DE 2946662A1 DE 19792946662 DE19792946662 DE 19792946662 DE 2946662 A DE2946662 A DE 2946662A DE 2946662 A1 DE2946662 A1 DE 2946662A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- ultrasonic
- gas bubbles
- vessel
- pressure
- frequency
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
- A61B8/481—Diagnostic techniques involving the use of contrast agent, e.g. microbubbles introduced into the bloodstream
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/03—Detecting, measuring or recording fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure; Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/04—Measuring blood pressure
Abstract
Description
Einrichtung zur nichtinvasiven DruckmessungDevice for non-invasive pressure measurement
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zur nichtinvasiven Druckmessung in einem Gefäß eines lebenden Körpers mit Mitteln zum Einführen von Gasblasen in das Gefäß, einem Ultraschall-Meßkopf zum Aussenden einer Ultraschall-Schwingung in Richtung auf das Gefäß und zum Empfangen des von den Gasblasen reflektierten Ultraschalls und einer Vorrichtung zur Druckbestimmung aus den ausgesandten und empfangenen Ultraschall-Signalen.The invention relates to a device for non-invasive pressure measurement in a vessel of a living body with means for introducing gas bubbles into the vessel, an ultrasonic measuring head for emitting an ultrasonic vibration in the direction of the vessel and for receiving the reflected from the gas bubbles Ultrasound and a device for determining pressure from the sent and received ultrasonic signals.
Eine Einrichtung dieser Art ist durch die Literaturstelle "IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering" Vol.One such facility is through the reference "IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering "Vol.
BMW-24, No. 2, Seiten 107 bis 110, März 1977, bekannt.BMW-24, No. 2, pages 107-110, March 1977, is known.
Bei dieser Einrichtung werden die Gasblasen über einer Injektionskanüle in das Gefäß eingespritzt. Das Volumen der eingespritzten Gasblasen wird im Gefäß durch den Umgebungsdruck verändert. Die Volumenänderung der Gasblasen wird vom Ultraschall-Meßkopf gemessen und als Maß für den Druck registriert. Der Nachteil einer solchen Einrichtung besteht darin, daß die in das Gefäß einzu- führenden Gasblasen gleich groß sein müssen, d.h. ein bekanntes Gasvolumen beinhalten müssen, um somit ein Referenzvolumen zu erhalten, was sehr kompliziert ist. Ferner können die Größen der Gasblasen nicht nur durch Druck, sondern auch durch Gasdiffusion verändert werden, was zu falschen Meßwerten führt. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist, daß die Gasblasen eine sehr kurze Lebensdauer haben, d.h., daß sie rasch kleiner werden, was bedeutet, daß die Messung nur eine sehr kurze Zeit erfolgen kann.With this device, the gas bubbles are placed over an injection cannula injected into the jar. The volume of the injected gas bubbles is in the vessel changed by the ambient pressure. The change in volume of the gas bubbles is measured by the ultrasonic measuring head measured and registered as a measure of the pressure. The disadvantage of such a facility consists in the fact that the leading gas bubbles the same must be large, i.e. contain a known volume of gas, in order to achieve a Obtaining reference volume, which is very complicated. Furthermore, the sizes the gas bubbles are changed not only by pressure but also by gas diffusion, which leads to incorrect readings. Another disadvantage is that the gas bubbles have a have a very short lifespan, i.e. they get smaller quickly, which means that the measurement can only take place for a very short time.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Einrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, bei der das Meßergebnis von unerwünschten Schwankungen der Größe der Gasblasen unabhängig ist.The invention is based on the object of a device of the initially to create said type, in which the measurement result of undesirable fluctuations the size of the gas bubbles is independent.
Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch einen Niederfrequenz-Ultraschall-Sender zum Aussenden von Ultraschall-Schwingungen zum Gefäß mit einer im Vergleich zur Frequenz des Ultraschall-Meßkopfes niedrigen Frequenz und einer Torschaltung zum Messen des von Gasblasen reflektierten Ultraschalls des Meßkopfes in den jeweiligen positiven und negativen Maxima der Schwingung des Niederfrequenz-Ultraschall-Senders und einer Rechenschaltung zum Bestimmen des Druckes im Gefäß aus der Differenz der Amplitude der empfangenen Ultraschall-Signale und der Amplituden des vom Ultraschall-Meßkopf ausgesandten Ultraschalls.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a low-frequency ultrasonic transmitter for sending ultrasonic vibrations to the vessel with a compared to the Frequency of the ultrasonic measuring head low frequency and a gate circuit for Measurement of the ultrasound of the measuring head reflected by gas bubbles in the respective positive and negative maxima of the oscillation of the low-frequency ultrasonic transmitter and a computing circuit for determining the pressure in the vessel from the difference in the Amplitude of the received ultrasonic signals and the amplitudes of the ultrasonic measuring head emitted ultrasound.
Dadurch, daß eine Differenz zwischen den positiven und den negativen Maxima der Gasblasengröße gemessen wird, braucht nicht darauf geachtet zu werden, daß gleichgroße Gasblasen ins Gefäß eingeführt werden. Ferner kann in einer größeren Zeitperiode gemessen werden, da man davon unabhängig ist, daß die Gasblasen mit der Zeit kleiner werden.By making a difference between the positive and the negative Maxima of the gas bubble size is measured does not need to be taken into account, that gas bubbles of the same size are introduced into the vessel. Furthermore, in a larger Time period can be measured, since one is independent of the fact that the gas bubbles with get smaller with time.
Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem Unteranspruch.Further details of the invention emerge from the subclaim.
Die Erfindung ist anhand eines in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiela näher erläutert.The invention is based on an embodiment shown in the figure explained in more detail.
Die Figur zeigt eine schematisch dargestellte Einrichtung zur nichtinvasiven Druckmessung in nicht maßstäblicher Größe. In der Figur umfaßt ein Körperteil 1 ein Gefäß 2, z.B. Blutgefäß, an dem eine Druckmessung vorgenommen werden soll. An der Oberfläche des Körperteiles 1 sind in Nachbarschajt zueinander zwei Ultraschallköpfe 3 und 4 aufgesetzt, von denen der Kopf 4 eine gegenüber der Frequenz des Kopfes 3 niederfrequente Ultreschellfrequenz aufweist. Beide Köpfe sind betriebsmäßig über eine Leitungsverbindung 5 mit einer Rechenschaltung 6 und einem Registriergerät 7 zum Registrieren des Druckes verbunden. Mittels einer Injektionsspritze 8 können Gasblasen 9 in das Gefäß 2 des Objektes 1 so eingeführt werden, daß sie jeweils in Strömungsrichtung des Fluids zuerst den Bereich der niederfrequenten Ultraschall-Schwingung 11 des Ultraschsllkopfes 4 und anschließend die sehr viel höherfrequenten Schwingungen 10 des Ultraschallkopfes 3 erreichen.The figure shows a schematically illustrated device for non-invasive Pressure measurement not to scale. In the figure, a body part comprises 1 a vessel 2, e.g. a blood vessel, on which a pressure measurement is to be carried out. At the surface of the body part 1 are adjacent to each other two ultrasound heads 3 and 4 put on, of which the head 4 is one opposite the frequency of the head 3 has low-frequency ultra-high-frequency frequencies. Both heads are operationally over a line connection 5 with a computing circuit 6 and a recording device 7 connected to register the pressure. By means of an injection syringe 8 can Gas bubbles 9 are introduced into the vessel 2 of the object 1 so that they each in the direction of flow of the fluid, first the area of the low-frequency ultrasonic oscillation 11 of the ultrasonic head 4 and then the very much higher frequency vibrations 10 of the ultrasound head 3.
Sobald also Gasblasen 9 in den Bereich des Gefäßes 2 einströmen, der von niederfrequenten Schwingungen 11 des Niederfrequenz-Ultraschallkopfes 4 getroffen wird, erhalten sie ein Volumen, das im Takt der niederfrequenten Sendeschwingungen des Schallkopfes 4 verändert wird. Der Ultraschallkopf 3 erfaßt mit seinem Echosignal jede Anderung des Volumens. Eine vom Niederfrequenz-Schallkopf 4 gesteuerte torschaltung 12 sorgt jedoch dafür, daß nur solche Echosignale zur Weiterverwertung gelangen, die in den jeweiligen positiven und negativen Maxima der Schwingung des Niederfrequenz-Ultraachallkopfes 4 vom Ultraschallkopf 3 erfaßt werden. Die so selektierten Meßwerte werden dann schließlich der Rechenschaltung 6 zugeleitet, die speziell so ausgebildet ist, daß sie aus den anfallenden und gegebenen Werten den Druck im Gefäß 2 nach folgender Gleichung berechnen: Dabei ist o< eine Konstante, A die mittlere Amplitude der empfangenen Ultraschall-Echo-Signale, a A die Differenz der Amplituden der Ultraschall-Echo-Signale zwischen einem Druckmaximum und Druckminimum entsprechend einem positiven und negativen Maximum der Schwingung des Niederfrequenz-Ultraschall-Senders 4 und 6 p die Amplitude der Schwingung des Niederfrequenz-Ultraschall-Senders 4.As soon as gas bubbles 9 flow into the area of the vessel 2 that is hit by low-frequency vibrations 11 of the low-frequency ultrasound head 4, they receive a volume that is changed in time with the low-frequency transmission vibrations of the transducer 4. The ultrasound head 3 detects every change in volume with its echo signal. A gate circuit 12 controlled by the low-frequency transducer 4 ensures, however, that only those echo signals which are detected by the ultrasonic head 3 in the respective positive and negative maxima of the oscillation of the low-frequency ultrasonic head 4 are used. The measured values selected in this way are then finally fed to the computing circuit 6, which is specially designed so that it calculates the pressure in the vessel 2 from the resulting and given values according to the following equation: Here, o <a constant, A the mean amplitude of the received ultrasonic echo signals, a A the difference in the amplitudes of the ultrasonic echo signals between a pressure maximum and pressure minimum corresponding to a positive and negative maximum of the oscillation of the low-frequency ultrasonic transmitter 4 and 6 p the amplitude of the oscillation of the low-frequency ultrasonic transmitter 4.
Der Druck im Gefäß wird also aus der Differenz der Amplitude der empfangenen Ultraschallsignale und der Amplituden des vom Ultraschall-Meßkopf ausgesandten Ultraschalls bestimmt. Dieser Wert wird dann dem Registriergerät 7 zum Registrieren zugeführt. Aufgrund der Erfindung können die ins Gefäß eingeführten Gasblasen also unterschiedlich groß sein, ohne daß dies auf die Meßergebnisse einwirkt.The pressure in the vessel is therefore the difference in the amplitude of the received Ultrasonic signals and the amplitudes of the ultrasound emitted by the ultrasonic measuring head certainly. This value is then fed to the registration device 7 for registration. Due to the invention, the gas bubbles introduced into the vessel can therefore be different be large without affecting the measurement results.
Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht auf die Druckmessung von Blutgefäßen; sie kann auch zur Messung von intrakraniellen Drucken oder bei der Geburtsüberwachung verwendet werden. Bei einer Geburtsüberwachung wird der Druck in der Gebärmutter überwacht, der ein Maß für die Stärke der Wehen ist.The invention is not limited to measuring the pressure of blood vessels; it can also be used to measure intracranial pressures or for birth monitoring be used. During a birth monitoring, the pressure in the uterus is increased monitors, which is a measure of the strength of the contractions.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19792946662 DE2946662A1 (en) | 1979-11-19 | 1979-11-19 | Blood pressure measuring appts. - uses ultrasonic waves with volume variation of injected gas bubbles indicated from size of reflected waves |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19792946662 DE2946662A1 (en) | 1979-11-19 | 1979-11-19 | Blood pressure measuring appts. - uses ultrasonic waves with volume variation of injected gas bubbles indicated from size of reflected waves |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2946662A1 true DE2946662A1 (en) | 1981-05-27 |
Family
ID=6086392
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE19792946662 Withdrawn DE2946662A1 (en) | 1979-11-19 | 1979-11-19 | Blood pressure measuring appts. - uses ultrasonic waves with volume variation of injected gas bubbles indicated from size of reflected waves |
Country Status (1)
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DE (1) | DE2946662A1 (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0072330A2 (en) * | 1981-08-08 | 1983-02-16 | Fujitsu Limited | Pressure measuring system with ultrasonic wave |
US4582061A (en) * | 1981-11-18 | 1986-04-15 | Indianapolis Center For Advanced Research, Inc. | Needle with ultrasonically reflective displacement scale |
DE3637926C1 (en) * | 1986-11-05 | 1987-11-26 | Schering Ag | Ultrasonic manometry in a liquid using microbubbles |
EP0327645A1 (en) * | 1986-09-27 | 1989-08-16 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for measuring intracranial pressure |
US5219401A (en) * | 1989-02-21 | 1993-06-15 | Technomed Int'l | Apparatus for selective destruction of cells by implosion of gas bubbles |
WO1999035967A1 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 1999-07-22 | Acuson Corporation | Ultrasound contrast imaging |
DE19727740C1 (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-09-09 | Daum Gmbh | Injection equipment introducing contrast medium into vessel, to display its internal structure by sonography - comprises needle or catheter with porous sintered tip, dispersing carbon dioxide bubbles into bloodstream |
US6231513B1 (en) | 1998-10-14 | 2001-05-15 | Daum Gmbh | Contrast agent for ultrasonic imaging |
US6962071B2 (en) | 2001-04-06 | 2005-11-08 | Bracco Research S.A. | Method for improved measurement of local physical parameters in a fluid-filled cavity |
WO2007018635A1 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. | Contrast agent manipulation with medical ultrasound imaging |
WO2009132396A1 (en) * | 2008-05-02 | 2009-11-05 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Method and apparatus for determining the pressure of a fluid |
DE102017010727A1 (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-23 | Diehl Metering Gmbh | Measuring device for determining a pressure in a measuring volume |
-
1979
- 1979-11-19 DE DE19792946662 patent/DE2946662A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4483345A (en) * | 1981-08-08 | 1984-11-20 | Fujitsu Limited | Pressure measuring system with ultrasonic wave |
EP0072330A3 (en) * | 1981-08-08 | 1986-08-06 | Fujitsu Limited | Pressure measuring system with ultrasonic wave |
EP0072330A2 (en) * | 1981-08-08 | 1983-02-16 | Fujitsu Limited | Pressure measuring system with ultrasonic wave |
US4582061A (en) * | 1981-11-18 | 1986-04-15 | Indianapolis Center For Advanced Research, Inc. | Needle with ultrasonically reflective displacement scale |
EP0327645A1 (en) * | 1986-09-27 | 1989-08-16 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for measuring intracranial pressure |
EP0327645A4 (en) * | 1986-09-27 | 1990-01-08 | Hitachi Construction Machinery | Apparatus for measuring intracranial pressure. |
DE3637926C1 (en) * | 1986-11-05 | 1987-11-26 | Schering Ag | Ultrasonic manometry in a liquid using microbubbles |
US5219401A (en) * | 1989-02-21 | 1993-06-15 | Technomed Int'l | Apparatus for selective destruction of cells by implosion of gas bubbles |
DE19727740C1 (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-09-09 | Daum Gmbh | Injection equipment introducing contrast medium into vessel, to display its internal structure by sonography - comprises needle or catheter with porous sintered tip, dispersing carbon dioxide bubbles into bloodstream |
WO1999035967A1 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 1999-07-22 | Acuson Corporation | Ultrasound contrast imaging |
US6726629B1 (en) | 1998-01-16 | 2004-04-27 | Acuson Corporation | Ultrasound contrast imaging |
US6231513B1 (en) | 1998-10-14 | 2001-05-15 | Daum Gmbh | Contrast agent for ultrasonic imaging |
US6962071B2 (en) | 2001-04-06 | 2005-11-08 | Bracco Research S.A. | Method for improved measurement of local physical parameters in a fluid-filled cavity |
WO2007018635A1 (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. | Contrast agent manipulation with medical ultrasound imaging |
US7837626B2 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2010-11-23 | Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. | Contrast agent manipulation with medical ultrasound imaging |
WO2009132396A1 (en) * | 2008-05-02 | 2009-11-05 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Method and apparatus for determining the pressure of a fluid |
DE102017010727A1 (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-23 | Diehl Metering Gmbh | Measuring device for determining a pressure in a measuring volume |
US10837851B2 (en) | 2017-11-21 | 2020-11-17 | Diehl Metering Gmbh | Measurement device and method for ascertaining a pressure in a measurement volume |
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