DE3421907C1

DE3421907C1 - Pressure vessel

Info

Publication number: DE3421907C1
Application number: DE19843421907
Authority: DE
Inventors: August 4420 Coesfeld Graeber
Original assignee: Maschb Scholz & Co KG GmbH
Current assignee: Maschb Scholz & Co KG GmbH
Priority date: 1984-06-13
Filing date: 1984-06-13
Publication date: 1985-06-20

Abstract

A description is given of a pressure vessel with a vessel shell, the end of which has a flange-like widened portion, and with a vessel lid which, in the closed condition of the vessel, rests by an annular flange on the flange-like widened portion and can be removed from the latter for the purpose of opening. The vessel furthermore has an expanding ring which engages under or over the flange-like widened portion and the annular flange. The expanding ring can be moved out of its closing position into a catching position in which the lid can rise from the vessel shell. The expanding ring can be spread apart out of the catching position into a position in which it releases the lid for opening. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Antriebseinrichtung ist ferner mit geeigneten Endschaltern ausgestattet, um den Antrieb zu stoppen, wenn der Spreizring in die jeweilige Endstellung, d. h. The drive device is also suitable with Limit switches equipped to stop the drive when the expansion ring is in the respective end position, d. H.

die Fangstellung bzw. die Offenstellung, gelangt ist.the catch position or the open position has been reached.

Um die Bewegung des Spreizringes zu unterstützen, sind dessen Führungs- bzw. Lagerflächen zweckmäßigerweise mit speziellen Gleitmaterialien beschichtet, die die Reibung herabsetzen. Ferner können auch um den Umfang des Behälters herum geeignete Anschläge vorgesehen sein, um die radiale Auswärtsbewegung des Gleitringes zu begrenzen. Hierbei kann es sich beispielsweise um Rollen handeln, die eine gewisse Bewegung des Gleitringes in Umfangsrichtung zulassen. To support the movement of the expansion ring, its guide or bearing surfaces are expediently coated with special sliding materials, which reduce the friction. Furthermore, it can also be around the circumference of the container suitable stops may be provided to prevent the radial outward movement of the sliding ring to limit. This can be, for example, roles that have a certain Allow movement of the sliding ring in the circumferential direction.

Wie vorstehend erläutert, ist der Spreizring durch Drehen in die Fangstellung bewegbar. Hierbei erfolgt somit die Bewegung des Spreizringes aus der Schließstellung in die Fangstellung durch Drehen und aus der Fangstellung in die Freigabestellung durch Auseinanderspreizen. Zweckmäßigerweise sind zur Durchführung dieser beiden Bewegungen zwei verschiedene Antriebseinrichtung vorgesehen, bei denen es sich vorzugsweise jeweils um einen Stellzylinder handelt. Die Vorsprünge und Ausnehmungen in der Fangstellung sind hierbei in Form von Gleitflächen aufweisenden Flachstücken ausgebildet, die sich einerseits auf einem radial außen liegenden tieferen Abschnitt des Ringflansches und andererseits auf der axial nach innen gerichteten Fläche des den Ringflansch übergreifenden Spreizringschenkels befinden. In der Schließstellung liegen die benachbarten Flachstücke des Spreizringes und des Ringflansches aufeinander. Bei der Bewegung in die Fangstellung wird der Spreizring relativ zum Deckel verdreht, wobei seine Flachstücke über entsprechende Ausnehmungen des Ringflansches zu liegen kommen. In dieser Stellung kann somit der Deckel abheben, wobei eine Verzahnung der jeweiligen Flachstücke eintritt, die eine Weiterdrehung des Spreizringes verhindert. Nach erfolgtem Druckausgleich wird der Spreizring durch Betätigung der anderen Antriebseinrichtung auseinandergespreizt, bis er seine Freigabestellung erreicht hat. As explained above, the expansion ring is by turning in the Movable catch position. In this way, the expansion ring moves out of the Closed position into the catch position by turning and from the catch position into the Release by spreading it apart. Appropriately are to carry out of these two movements two different drive devices are provided in which it is preferably an adjusting cylinder in each case. The protrusions and Recesses in the catching position are in the form of sliding surfaces Flat pieces formed on the one hand on a radially outer lower one Section of the annular flange and on the other hand on the axially inwardly directed Area of the expanding ring leg overlapping the annular flange. In the closed position the adjacent flat pieces of the expansion ring and the annular flange lie on top of one another. When moving into the catch position, the expansion ring is rotated relative to the cover, its flat pieces to lie over corresponding recesses in the annular flange come. In this position, the cover can thus lift off, with a toothing of the respective flat pieces occurs, which prevents further rotation of the expansion ring. After the pressure has been equalized, the expansion ring is opened by actuating the other drive device spread apart until it has reached its release position.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung im einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigt F i g. 1 eine Draufsicht auf einen Druckbehälterverschluß; F i g. 2 den Druckbehälterverschluß der F i g. 1 in der Fangstellung des Spreizringes; F i g. 3 den Druckbehälterverschluß der F i g. 1 und 2 in der Freigabestellung des Spreizringes; und F i g. 4 einen Teilschnitt durch den Druckbehälterverschluß der F i g. 1-3 in der Verschlußstellung. The invention is explained below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment explained in detail in conjunction with the drawing. It shows F i g. 1 is a plan view on a pressure vessel closure; F i g. 2 the pressure vessel closure of FIG. 1 in the catching position of the expanding ring; F i g. 3 the pressure vessel closure of the F i g. 1 and 2 in the release position of the expanding ring; and F i g. 4 a partial section through the pressure vessel closure of FIG. 1-3 in the locked position.

Die F i g. 1 bis 3 zeigen eine Draufsicht auf den Behälterverschluß in der Verschlußstellung, Fangstellung und Freigabestellung. Wie man F i g. 1 entnehmen kann, umfaßt ein Druckbehälter 30 einen Behälterdeckel 31, der durch einen Spreizring 32 druckdicht am Behälter befestigt ist. Dieser Spreizring kann durch einen Stellmotor 35, der einerseits bei 33 am Spreizring und andererseits bei 34 am Behälter befestigt ist, derart verdreht werden, daß am Spreizring und am Ringflansch des Deckels angebrachte Flacheisen 39, 40 (siehe F i g. 4) außer Eingriff bzw. in Eingriff gebracht werden. Um den Umfang des Spreizringes sind zwölf derartige Flacheisen angeordnet, zwischen denen sich jeweils entsprechend große bzw. größere Ausnehmungen befinden. The F i g. 1 to 3 show a top view of the container closure in the locked position, catch position and release position. How to Get F i g. 1 take can, a pressure vessel 30 comprises a container lid 31, the by an expanding ring 32 is attached to the container in a pressure-tight manner. This expansion ring can be controlled by a servomotor 35, which is fastened on the one hand at 33 on the expansion ring and on the other hand at 34 on the container is to be rotated in such a way that attached to the expansion ring and the annular flange of the cover Flat iron 39, 40 (see FIG. 4) are disengaged or brought into engagement. Twelve such flat irons are arranged around the circumference of the expansion ring, between which are each correspondingly large or larger recesses.

F i g. 2 zeigt den Druckbehälter, nachdem der Spreizring 32 durch den Stellmotor 35 in die Fangstellung bewegt worden ist. In dieser Stellung sind die Flacheisen 39, 40 außer Eingriff gebracht worden, so daß die am Überwurfring angeordneten Flacheisen 40 in entsprechende Ausnehmungen des Ringflansches des Behälterdeckels 31 eingreifen. In dieser Stellung wird ein Weiterdrehen des Spreizringes verhindert. F i g. 2 shows the pressure vessel after the expansion ring 32 has passed through the servomotor 35 has been moved into the catch position. Are in this position the flat iron 39, 40 has been disengaged so that the am Coupling ring arranged flat iron 40 in corresponding recesses in the annular flange of the container lid 31 intervene. In this position further turning of the expansion ring is prevented.

F i g. 3 zeigt den Spreizring 32 in der Freigabestellung für den Deckel 31. In diese Stellung ist der Spreizring durch einen zweiten Stellmotor 36 gebracht worden, der bei 37, 38 mit den freien Schenkelenden des Ringes verbunden ist. Durch Auseinanderspreizen des Ringes kann der Deckel 31 in geeigneter Weise vom Behälter entfernt werden. Zum Wiederverschließen des Behälters laufen die vorstehend geschilderten Vorgänge in der umgekehrten Reihenfolge ab. F i g. 3 shows the expansion ring 32 in the release position for the Cover 31. The expanding ring is in this position by a second servomotor 36 which is connected at 37, 38 to the free leg ends of the ring is. By spreading the ring apart, the cover 31 can in a suitable manner removed from the container. To close the container again, the steps above the operations described in the reverse order.

F i g. 4 zeigt einen Teilschnitt durch den Druckbehälter der F i g. 1-3, wobei der Spreizring 32 in seiner Verschlußstellung gezeigt ist. Wie bei der ersten Ausführungsform ist der Spreizring im Schnitt U-förmig ausgebildet und über- bzw. untergreift mit seinen beiden Horizontalschenkeln einen Ringflansch 41 des Behälterdeckels 31 bzw. eine flanschförmige Erweiterung 42 des Behältermantels 43. Beim Auseinanderspreizen des Spreizringes gleitet sein unterer Horizontalschenkel auf einer geeigneten Führungs- bzw. Lagerfläche 44 des Behälters, wobei die entsprechenden Gleitflächen 45 des Spreizringes bzw. des Behälters mit einem geeigneten reibungsarmen Material beschichtet sind. F i g. 4 shows a partial section through the pressure vessel of FIG G. 1-3, the expansion ring 32 being shown in its closed position. As in In the first embodiment, the expansion ring is U-shaped in section and engages over or under an annular flange 41 with its two horizontal legs of the container lid 31 or a flange-shaped extension 42 of the container jacket 43. When the expansion ring spreads apart, its lower horizontal leg slides on a suitable guide or bearing surface 44 of the container, the corresponding Sliding surfaces 45 of the expansion ring or of the container with a suitable low-friction Material are coated.

In der in F i g. 4 dargestellten Verschlußstellung befinden sich die an der Innenseite des oberen Horizontalschenkels des Spreizringes angeschweißten Flacheisen 40 mit den Flacheisen 39, die auf eine tieferliegende Ringfläche des Ringflansches 41 des Behälterdeckels geschweißt sind, in Eingriff, d. h. in Umfangsrichtung in Ausrichtung. Beide Flacheisen werden in dieser Stellung aneinandergepreßt, so daß der Behälter druckdicht verschlossen wird. In F i g. 4 ist ferner bei 47 mit gestrichelten Linien die Freigabestellung des Spreizringes dargestellt, in der der Deckel 31 in geeigneter Weise vom Behälter entfernt werden kann. In dieser Stellung stößt der Spreizring gegen am Behälter gelagerte Rollen 46, die eine Bewegung des Spreizringes in Umfangsrichtung zulassen. In the in F i g. 4 shown closed position are which are welded to the inside of the upper horizontal leg of the expansion ring Flat iron 40 with the flat iron 39, which is on a deeper annular surface of the Annular flange 41 of the container lid are welded, in engagement, d. H. in the circumferential direction in alignment. Both flat irons are pressed together in this position, see above that the container is closed pressure-tight. In Fig. 4 is also at 47 with Dashed lines show the release position of the expansion ring in which the Lid 31 can be removed from the container in a suitable manner. In this position the expansion ring pushes against rollers 46 mounted on the container, which cause a movement of the Allow expansion ring in the circumferential direction.

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Claims

Claims: 1. Pressure vessel with a container jacket whose End has a flange-like extension, a container lid that is closed in State of the container with an annular flange rests against the flange-like extension and is removable from this to open, and one of the flange-like extension and the ring flange under or overlapping expansion ring, which is in the closed Container state presses the annular flange against the flange-like extension, with the expansion ring from the closed position into a catching position in which the lid from Can lift off the container jacket, movable and then into a lid that releases it for opening Position can be spread apart, d a d u r c h marked that on the annular flange (41) and the associated, axially inwardly directed surface of the annular flange (41) overlapping expanding ring leg recesses and projections in the form of Parts (39, 40) having sliding surfaces are arranged in such a way that the expanding ring (32) can be moved into the catch position by turning.

2. Pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that it a second drive device in the form of a servomotor (35) for implementation of the turning process.

3. Pressure vessel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that a sliding surface (45) for the expansion ring (32) is provided on the container jacket (43) is.

4. Pressure vessel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that it has limit switches which limit the respective movements.

The present invention relates to a pressure vessel according to the preamble of claim 1.

A pressure vessel of this type is known from DE-PS 11 77 882. In this known pressure vessel, the expansion ring is designed in two parts. Both Halves are moved apart by a linear movement. There are facilities here provided that prevent the lid when the ring halves are moved apart immediately goes into its open position. Rather, when carrying out the opening process the lid is first brought into a ventilation position in which it is when in the container there is still a residual pressure a certain distance from the flange-like one Extension of the container jacket can lift off, so that a blow-off is achieved. After the container has been depressurized, the ring halves continue to move in their end position so that the cover can be opened. Due to the multi-part Formation of the expansion ring are relatively complex guide in this embodiment and drive devices for the expansion ring are required.

There is also a pressure vessel known (DE-PS 31 21 339) which does not have Has expanding ring and in which the container lid in the closed position with Lobe arranged under the circumference of a flange-like extension of the container jacket Knaggen engages. The lid can be arranged on the edge of the pressure cup Drive device are rotated via a gear, whereby it is first in a ventilation position and then comes into an open position. In this embodiment, the flange-like enlargement of the container shell of a rather complex processing, in order to provide or

to install the appropriate facilities. which is an instant take off prevent the lid when opening the same.

The invention is based on the object. a pressure vessel of the to create specified type, the opening or closing mechanism through is characterized by a particularly simple structure.

This task is carried out by a pressure vessel with the characteristics of The preamble of claim 1 solved, which is characterized in that on Ring flange and the associated, axially inwardly directed surface of the ring flange overlapping expanding ring leg recesses and projections in the form of sliding surfaces having parts are arranged in such a way that the expanding ring by turning in the catch position is movable.

In the solution according to the invention, the expansion ring is in cross section approximately U-shaped, the two legs with the outside of the cover ring flange and the rear of the flange-like extension of the container shell in sliding engagement stand and in the radially innermost position of the expansion ring (closed position) both Press the parts together firmly. The expansion ring is an open one Ring, the two leg ends of which with a drive device for spreading it apart are connected. When the ring is closed, there is between the two Leg ends a slight gap. The ring is supported at a point that this Gap is diametrically opposite. Thus, when the drive device is actuated, the two ring legs are moved apart, making the entire ring radial is moved outwards.

In order to achieve a radial outward movement in the area of the bearing point To enable the ring, the ring is floating there, for example provided with an elongated hole in which a fixed bearing pin engages. The elongated hole having ring guide serves as a stop to the radial Limit outward movement of the ring. The ring is also on tours stored, which are arranged with circumferential spacing around the ring and for example can be attached to the pressure vessel jacket.

The drive device for spreading the expanding ring apart can be designed in various ways. To establish a connection between the drive device and to produce the two leg ends, the leg ends are expedient provided with radially extending flanges, each with a corresponding Part of a drive device are connected so that both leg ends are uniform can be moved apart. As a drive device, for example, a Find gear motor use, which drives a spindle mechanism, which is connected in a suitable manner to the flange ends of the two ring legs. However, adjusting cylinders, either hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinders, can also be used. can be used for this purpose. In general, the selection of a suitable drive device is important not critical, if only through this an even movement of the two apart Leg ends can be reached.