DE3830326A1 - Device to control an economy, and method of operating such a device - Google Patents

Abstract

A device to control an economy, and a method of operating this device, use company bookkeeping entry and accounting machines (BAM). An incentive module (AM) of each BAM contains indices, which represent a type of business establishment, of product and of transaction in combination. An incentive coefficient (AKO) is assigned to each index. AKO > 1 represents a favoured combination, AKO < 1 a disadvantaged one. Every transaction is subject to the true, i.e. market price. On a transaction, the amount is multiplied by an AKO which corresponds to the index of this transaction. A determined and stored difference between the multiplication result and the original amount represents a number of incentive units, which is positive or negative depending on whether the transaction was favoured or disadvantaged. When a certain positive value is reached, the incentive units can be used. Data which are stored in the module are accumulated centrally, to change the coefficients by reprogramming the AM, depending on success. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device for control an economy and on a procedure for Operating such a device.

The field of application of the invention is electronic Processing transaction and identification systems, including portable electronic processing transaction facilities, like cards, keys, modules etc. and related fixed facilities, e.g. B. electronic computers, data terminals ("terminals") as well as coding devices.  

There are two main economic systems:

• 1. a state-controlled planning and control economy (socialist economic system) and
• 2. private companies with a free market economy the principle of "supply and demand" ("capitalism").

Both economies have advantages and disadvantages.

Attempts have also been made to close both economies combine. However, the tests have remained the same.

The aim of the invention is to make every effort to optimize an economic system.

Each economic system is the area of activity of people and serves their well-being (or should serve him).

It is human nature, according to advantages (or in capitalist terminology: to strive for "profit"). By exploiting this endeavor, the same people as working people in the respective system provided they are more effective than when put under pressure.

In no economic system - neither in a highly industrialized one still in a developing country Industry - the individual can do and leave what he wants. Rather, certain rules must apply.

The common good therefore requires a certain amount of planning, Control and control.  

However, this in turn imposes constraints on humans, which are not always to stimulate an individual Contribute initiative and cooperation.

This creates negative reactions on the part of the citizen to a certain extent by being given to him by others Difficulties or restrictions and that they are people who act as control, Counter control and assessment authorities. And often he is one of grace and benevolence Bureaucrats exposed.

Taking into account these psychological considerations it is therefore proposed to ensure that the citizen feels subjectively free.

An economic system that in one way or another Wise than arbitrary should be by one System that is fair, legal and legal regardless of an individual instant assessment appears, a system that also self (automatically) controlled and optimized by feedback.

For the sake of simplification, the portable transaction facilities hereinafter referred to as "cards", "M cards" (M = "multi-user") or "modules". Both M cards can be thermoplastic ones Trade plastic that contain integrated circuits and also as "smart cards" or "Chip cards" are referred to. These cards included micro-electronic components, d. H. integrated Circuits. Facilities of this type are in of DE 19 45 777 C3 specified.  

The invention has for its object a device to control an economy and a process to operate this device specify the one Enable optimization of the economy.

The device according to the invention for solving this problem contains a variety of corporate booking and billing stations, each having transaction means to carry out various types of transactions regarding different types of products (goods and / or Services) related to amounts should be transferred, the products with a business mode (industry) in their booking and billing machine are identified; one Incentive module in every booking and accounting machine, which is a storage means for storing several indices, through each of a business mode, a product and a transaction type is shown in combination, and has an incentive coefficient for each index, the larger for combinations that are to be favored than 1 and for combinations that are to be throttled, is less than 1; and an arithmetic means in said Booking and accounting machine to multiply the assigned amount for each product that is targeted a transaction in the mentioned booking and accounting machine relates to the product in their combination associated with business operations and transaction types Incentive coefficients to determine a size.

The inventive method is that everyone Combination of operating mode, delivered by this operating mode An index is assigned to product and transaction type becomes; that each index is assigned an incentive coefficient is that of indices, the combinations to be favored represent greater than 1 and for indices that are throttled Represent combinations less than 1; that in an operational booking and accounting machine  Indices for your products and your transaction types as well as the incentive coefficients for each of their indices be saved and that in every company booking and accounting machine and with every transaction an assigned amount for a product to be transferred is multiplied by the incentive coefficient so that there is a size.

In the solutions according to the invention, a programmable one Module as part of a self by default used by incentive-controlling economies will. In this way, a country's economy get a strong push. The solutions can be both in a state planned economy system as even with a so-called capitalist system or Free enterprise economy can be applied.

In countries with a planned economy, the authorities endeavor to to give personal initiative more space, d. H. to to some extent an incentive for free entrepreneurship to grant. However, even if there is more room for Free business is granted up to one certain dimensions require central planning and control, to certain businesses and special Industries necessary for the development of the country are encouraged and others who, for example the individual a higher and faster one May promise profit, but less important for the economy of a country or a specific region would be to throttle. This application of The invention therefore provides a means for the synthesis of a "Planned economy" with an "individual initiative" and free entrepreneurship based economic theory represents.

The system according to the invention is also referred to below as System called feedback stimulus.  

This system leaves the many - and often fruitless - Theories about economic governance mechanisms behind yourself.

It enables programming, setting targets, Management, control and optimization of the economy.

The business and economic volume as well as the progress are dependent on general setpoints and markings of a "general" business plan regulated.

The system according to the invention stimulates and rewards the Individual and a company (operation) on a fair Wise, free of subjective, instant decisions Individual in control bodies.

It can also be used to support operations and Growth of public companies or state-controlled Adapt farms.

The solutions according to the invention form a means of Control the development and growth of an economy on the basis of general central planning, open up the considerable potential of individual Entrepreneurship, promote the effectiveness of large organizations (public, semi-public or private) and equally satisfy everyone's needs Members of a society regarding food, clothing and accommodation.

The device according to the invention and the invention Procedures are easily adaptable to changing conditions or adjust changed plan data.  

Such an adjustment can depend on the development of the gross national product, the national input / output ratio or other general economic data or regional conditions.

The invention can grant fair privileges and set boundaries for individuals and companies and at the same time control the effectiveness of both.

The feedback system is for central control and suitable for decentralized operation.

It is not on application as a means of control of an economy, i.e. industry and trade. It is also suitable for partial areas, e.g. B. for Tourism and travel where, for example, the organization and controlling such functions as they do in connection with issuing a visa, booking accommodation, catering, transportation, payment transactions and access to certain areas, etc. with the help electronic means occur.

An embodiment of the system according to the invention for this application can, in principle, the following assemblies (Arrangements) have:

• - a central planning and control unit (ZPS), under directed by governmental or other official bodies;
• - a number of operational booking and accounting machines (BAM), which is owned by the system affiliated companies are located;
• - Incentive modules (AM), which are components the BAMs acts;  
• - Interrogation, concentration and update stations (AKAST) as substations of the ZPS unit, the preferably connected online to the ZPS unit are; and
• - Transaction M cards for payment transfers between Off-line BAMs.

The ZPS unit is usually a an appropriately designed electronic calculator (Computer). The relevant economic planning data are in its database country or region. The BAMs effect financial transactions, i. H. they receive payments from customer BAMs and make payments to BAMs from suppliers.

The ZPS unit contains the essential economic planning data of the country or region. It determines which one Types of operations and transactions accordingly promoted or throttled or neutral to the overall plan should be treated. A company and product index (BPInd) every company (every company or company) and associated with its individual products. This Index can consist of a coded character for the special Type of business (branch), e.g. B. the production of Machine tools with a coded partial character, that is assigned to individual products, e.g. B. Drills, lathes and grinders. The encoded Sign also includes the geographical location of the company. If it is not the operation a manufacturer, but for example one Wholesaler, sales organization or exporter then the coded sub-character can be Art the transaction instead of the product, e.g. B. whether the goods are destined for domestic use or for export is.  

The entire nomenclature of types of businesses, Products and services as well as the purposes of Transaction that occur in the economic system is stored in the ZPS unit. Everyone connected Company (company or company) is equipped with a BAM, each with an incentive module (AM). These BAMs should preferably be used online with others BAMs work together in a communication network and also with query, concentration and update stations (AKASTs). In such cases, in which this is not possible, an M card is used as the physical carrier of transactions by the BAM des Seller to the payer's BAM and vice versa.

The incentive module (AM) of a BAM contains in a memory the company and product index (BPInd) of the BAM of the company (Company or company). The content of the AM memory cannot be changed by the BAM-AM owner. The BPInd data can only be controlled under the ZPS be changed in an AKAST. The AM also contains a register in which the various operating and Product indices (BPInds) individual incentive coefficients (AKOs) are assigned. These incentive coefficients (AKOs) are numerical multipliers or evaluation factors, for example from 1.4 to 1.0 to 0.7 (1.4; 1.3; 1.2; 1.1; 1.0; 0.9; 0.8; 0.7) can suffice. However, since it only relatively few incentive coefficients (evaluation factors) correlate with each AKO group by BPInds. The incentive module also contains an incentive unit memory, a calculator, a memory for Transactions and an input-output means of communication with other BAMs and with an AKAST.

AMs that are part of an off-line BAM contain one Card reader. The relevant BPInd of the company and its special product or its service or the The type of transaction is each transaction amount (as Affix or attachment).  

By assigning the BPInd to a transaction amount it is ensured that the two connected BAMs learn (experience) the BPInd of others. After receiving the BPInd, the one to be paid in one direction Amount is assigned, and the receipt in the other direction from the receiving point to the paying agent, correlates the incentive logic contained in the incentive module in the BPInd-AKO register the received BPInd with the appropriate one AKO. The AM logic then causes the arithmetic unit to multiplying the transaction amount by the AKO. The multiplication result is a number that is either equal to (if the AKO = 1.0 ) or greater than that (if the AKO is greater than 1.0 or less (if the AKO is less than 1.0) than the face value of the transaction. The calculator then determines the difference between the calculated Multiplication result and the (original) nominal amount of the transaction and whether this difference is positive or is negative. The amount of the difference represents the number the incentive units of the respective transaction. He is positive if the transaction is general Economic plan should be promoted or favored, and is negative if the general economic plan determines that the transaction will be less attractive should.

The AM logic then returns the amount associated with the BPInd the respective transaction in the incentive unit memory unless the AKO was = 1 and it resulted no difference after multiplication. Independently of the described "incentive procedure" gives the logic the nominal amount of the transaction with the assigned BPInd of the respective transaction in the AM transaction memory for later evaluation by the ZPS system. The positive and negative incentives come after everyone Input of an incentive offset against each other, whereby the individual incentive amounts remain in the memory.  The current balance can be positive or negative. It's positive if the operation has more transactions, which favored by the general economic plan are done as others to be throttled Has. If the operation is a sufficiently high positive Has reached balance in the incentive store, he can make a transaction perform, e.g. B. by buying an imported one Motor vehicle through the general economic plan is not promoted or favored. The negative Incentive resulting from such a transaction can then be partially or completely by the positive Balance in the incentive store to be balanced.

From time to time the BAMs AM transaction store queried by the ZPS system, preferably by regional ones Interrogation, concentration and update stations (AKASTs). In an online network, the query automatically triggered by the AKAST while the data from the off-line BAMs by collecting the removable and portable incentive module (AM) from BAM to responsible AKAST is brought.

By querying the AMs of the BAMs in the ZPS system region the transaction data of the same business operations (Industries), same (or similar) products or Services and equal transactions in AKAST concentrated, and then the operational and product or type of service and the type of transaction in the AKAST concentration data memory entered.

From time to time the concentrated data is out the AKASTs into the central planning and control unit (ZPS) of the country or special region. In the ZPS, the data are evaluated and with the planning data compared. The result reflects the current one Development of different types of businesses in region or across the country. Dependent on  The incentive values may differ from the planning data (AKOs) of companies or organizations and for the products or services and transactions adjusted, d. H. can be set higher or lower. You will then be fed back into the individual AMs. For this purpose, the adjusted data in the AKASTs transferred where the relevant AKOs in the BPInd-AKO register be changed. If an AM of a BAM with a AKAST communicates the relevant AKOs in the AM's BPInd-AKO register is automatically updated and are effective and valid from then on. With the incentive coefficients (AKOs) are variable according to the invention Values.

The system is shown below for better understanding from operating product transaction indices (BPInds) and the incentive coefficients (AKOs) in more detail on one Example described. Under "Product" goods should be here and services are understood.

The indices for the different companies (branches), e.g. B. a motor vehicle and stroller manufacturer, an importer for foreign motor vehicles, a machine tool manufacturer and a wholesaler are represented by large letters AY and their products or services by n -digit numbers. Example:

• - becomes a motor vehicle and stroller manufacturer with the capital letter "F", his product "motor vehicles" with the two digits "14" and the product "Stroller" marked with the numbers "27".

A transaction by this factory regarding motor vehicles is therefore indexed with "F 14" and a transaction with regard to strollers with the index "F 27".  Because the general business plan of the ZPS unit is not only affects products and services, but also distinguishes between different types of transactions, e.g. B. Domestic sales and exports against foreign currency, is marked by Attachment of a letter further divided. So may the letter "i" for "domestic sales" and the letter "e" stand for "export".

The following indices can therefore be formed:

- F 14 i (= domestic sales of motor vehicles)
- F 14 e (= export of motor vehicles)
- F 27 i (= domestic sales of strollers)
- F 27 e (= export of strollers)

The other side of a transaction is considered below.

A wholesale organization for technical facilities going through

- N

your purchase for resale to domestic customers

- i

and their purchase for export against foreign currency

- e

featured. A transaction in which this wholesale organization a domestic product for resale carried out domestically, therefore

- N i

referred to while purchasing a domestic product for the subsequent export with

- N e

referred to as.  

The following examples illustrate the assignment from incentive coefficients (AKOs) to different ones Companies and products or services and transactions.

The general economic plan of the ZPS unit determines:

• - The manufacture of motor vehicles is desirable because the mobility of workers between home and work is to be improved in the region concerned; the incentive coefficient (AKO) is therefore set to 1.1;
  Since the export of motor vehicles is even more desirable to increase the trade balance and foreign exchange earnings, the AKO is set to 1.2;
• - the production of strollers for the home is not desirable because the government has implemented restrictive birth control; the AKO is therefore set to 0.8;
  however, if strollers can be exported, their manufacture will be favored and the AKO set to 1.2.

Below is an example of a table for illustration of the principle of an operating product index / incentive coefficient Register (BPInd-AKO) specified in the left column shows the indices of two products are, both of them by the kind the transaction can be distinguished, d. H. for domestic sales (i) and for export (e). In the right The incentive coefficients are given in the column are assigned to the respective BPInds.  

For a transaction, the BPInd is at the amount in the Seller's BAM attached. The request for payment (Invoice indicating the amount mentioned with the BPInd) is transferred to the payer's BAM. In the payer's BAM the amount and BPInd are saved. The Payer gives his own together with his payment BPInd together with the name of the type of transaction (In this example "i" for "domestic sales" or "e" for "export").

The amount received is then in the (general) General ledger of the seller's BAM booked (without his own BPInd and without that of the payer). He becomes further with his own BPInd and that of the payer in the AM of the Seller saved. In the seller's AM the Transaction amount correlated with the relevant AKO and calculated in the manner described.

The invention and its developments are as follows based on the drawing of a preferred embodiment described in more detail. It shows  

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a central planning and control economic system (ZPS) with variable feedback controlled values;

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an incentive module (AM) in a ZPS system;

Figure 3 is a block diagram of an operational booking and accounting machine (BAM) with an incentive module (AM).

Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a transaction card in a ZPS system and

Fig. 5 is a block diagram of an interrogation, concentration and update station (AKAST) in a ZPS system.

Figs. 1 to 5 illustrate an example of an economic system with "incentive" and "bonus" (or "penalty") represents, in which the economy of a country or a region in the manner of a "loop" is automatically controlled and optimized by current operating data are recorded by a central processing unit (ZPS) and are influenced by a feedback or feedback of correction control data by this central processing unit to the individual companies. These control data are changeable values that can be assigned to the operational (transaction) data. First, the structure of the system is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 and then its mode of operation.

In the block diagram of the central planning and control system (ZPS system) according to FIG. 1, 2201 denotes a central planning and control unit (ZPS) in the form of a central digital electronic computer (computer) with memories for planning data and current data . With 2202 query, concentration and update stations (AKASTs) are designated. 2203 denotes off-line operating booking and accounting machines (BAMs), each of which has an incentive module (AM) 2205 . 2204 denotes online-operated BAMs. The AMs 2205 form part of the BAMs and are removable and portable in off-line BAMs, while permanently installed in on-line BAMs. With 2206 M-cards are a ZPS for transactions between off-line powered BAMs referred.

FIG. 2 illustrates an incentive module (AM) 2205 in greater detail. It contains a card reader 2309 and is in contact with the BAM via connections 2308 . 2306 denotes a power supply unit. Data is transmitted between the BAM and an AM logic 2301 via an input / output unit 2307 . A program memory 2302 contains an encoding-decoding program memory 2303 , an authentication program memory 2304 and an arithmetic program memory 2305 . A working memory 2310 contains a booking program memory 2314 for transactions with BPInds which are to be queried by the AKAST, a memory 2313 for incentive units, a BPInd-AKO register 2312 and a memory 2311 which contains the own BPInd of the relevant BAM. The AM logic 2301 controls the operation of the AM according to the program mentioned.

Fig. 3 illustrates a BAM 2203/2204 represent with an AM 2205. If the BAM on-line is operated, the AT 2205 is continuously connected with the BAM 2204th When the BAM 2203 is operated off-line, the AM 2205 is removably received in an AM pickup 2412 . In the latter case, a power supply unit 2409 powers the AM 2205 , while an I / O unit 2410 is responsible for serial data transmission between the AM and the BAM. Transaction logic 2401 controls the transactions and bookkeeping in dependence on programs contained in a working or program memory 2402 . In a transaction accounting memory 2407 of a working memory 2408 , a transmission module 2405 , in online operation of the BAM, controls transactions between the BAMs and the data exchange between the BAM and the AKAST.

A working memory 2402 contains an encoding and decoding program in a memory 2403 , an authentication program in a memory 2404 and the transaction program in a memory 2411 .

Fig. 4 shows an M card of a ZPS, which is used to transfer transaction amounts between BAMs when one or both are operated off-line.

M-card logic 2501 controls - depending on a PIN program (PIN = personal identification number) of a sub-user in a memory 2503 and an authentication program in a memory 2504 , both of which are contained in a PIN and program memory 2502 - the registration and reading into and from a transaction memory 2509 , which has a memory 2510 with a payment amount provided with the payer's BPInd, a memory 2511 which contains the receipt of payment provided with the payer's BPInd, and a memory 2512 , if appropriate contains the amount of incentive units related to the specific payment. The memory 2503 contains the relevant sub-user PIN, which is stored in a buffer 2505 during the duration of the identity check . Connections 2508 bring the card into contact with the relevant BAM. An I / O unit 2506 controls the serial data stream. A power supply unit 2507 can be provided and have a battery, or the power supply takes place directly via the connections 2508 in the logic and memory.

FIG. 5 shows a query, concentration and update station (AKAST) 2202 into which an AM 2205 has been inserted for data exchange. The AM 2205 is powered by a power supply unit 2607 . Serial data streams are controlled by a 2610 I / O unit. A query, concentration and update logic 2601 controls the operation of the AKAST depending on the programs "authentication" in a memory 2603 , "query" in a memory 2604 , "concentration" in a memory 2605 and "update" in a memory 2606 which are all contained in a program memory 2602 . A working memory 2613 contains a memory 2611 for query data, a memory 2608 for concentrated data and a memory 2609 which has a BPInd / AKO register. A transmission module 2612 controls the data exchange between the ZPS unit and the AKAST.

The mode of operation of the ZPS system is described below. It is based on a "closed circle" of constantly reproducible changeable values. The changeable values have been and will continue to be referred to as "AKOs" incentive coefficients. This example is used in the economic system of a country or region. In the central planning and control unit (ZPS) 2201 , which is arranged centrally and is preferably operated on-line with its substations (AKASTs) 2202 , incentive coefficients (AKOs) are set in accordance with the general business plan. The general economic plan determines which types of businesses (production of goods or the provision of services) should be promoted or reduced and to what extent this should be done.

An AKO is a factor by which the nominal amount of a transaction is multiplied. The AKO can be the same, larger or smaller than 1.0. Accordingly, the multiplication product is either the same, smaller or larger than the nominal amount of the transaction. If the nominal amount is then subtracted from the multiplication product, there is either no (0), a positive or a negative difference. These differences are referred to here as incentive units. The various business operations (with regard to their industries) and their products (products) or services are identified by an operational product index (BPInd). The different types of transactions, e.g. B. Domestic sales or exports are identified by a coded symbol attached to the BPInd. All of these BPInds and the characters attached to them are contained in a general nomenclature which is stored in a database of the ZPS unit 2201 .

The transfer of data such as BPInds, AKOs, transaction amounts and incentive units, is through coding and decoding in a manner known per se. All data terminals, modules and cards are one Authentication process subjected and identify before the start of a current data transfer, and although also in a manner known per se, but with with one exception, namely M card identification the invention.

When all of the data is in the ZPS 2201 , the BPInds and AKOs of Figure 1 are distributed to the AKASTs 2202 , where the BPInds and AKOs are stored in the BPInd-AKO register 2609 . The AKAST logic 2601 effects the transmission via its I / O unit 2610 to the incentive module (AM) 2205 in the BAM 2203 or 2204 . The data transfer from the AKAST to the AM takes place either via data connections if the BAMs 2204 are connected online to the AKAST, or the AMs of the off-line BAMs have been removed from the BAMs 2203 and physically inserted into the AKAST for the data transfer .

In the same way, the individual BPInds for the operations are distributed from the ZPS via the AKASTs 2202 to the AMs 2205 , where the "own" BPInd of the BAM - the AM stores the BPInd via the I / O unit 2307 ( FIG. 2 ), controlled by the AM logic 2301 - is stored in its "own" BPInd memory 2311 .

In practice, the BAM 2203 or 2204 is a combined booking and transaction machine, which is also equipped with an incentive module (AM).

In Fig. 3 the individual parts for the booking process are omitted because they are not essential to the invention. Only the memory 2407 in the working memory 2408 is shown as a company booking memory, in which transaction amounts are stored without having been provided with a BPInd. The AMs 2205 contain all the components required for the ZPS. An off-line BAM 2203 can only be operated if the AM 2205 is physically and electrically connected to it. In on-line BAM 2204 , a transaction is controlled by AM logic 2301 . The AM logic - via the I / O unit 2307 - assigns a (nominal) amount to be paid to its own BPInd read from the memory 2311 . This data, the nominal amount and the attached BPInd, is transferred to the payer's BAM, where the payer's BAM transfers the amount and BPInd to its AM through its transaction logic 2401 and the AM logic 2301 transfers the amount and BPInd to its transaction record memory 2314 RAM 2310 stores. The BAM transaction logic 2401 simultaneously separates the amount from the BPInd and stores the amount in the BAM booking memory 2407 contained in the working memory 2408 .

The BAM of the payee uses its AM logic 2301 to transmit the own BPInd of the payee read out from the memory 2311 of the working memory 2408 , the BPInd being combined with the receipt of payment which is transmitted via the transfer module 2405 of the payee to the transfer module 2405 of the payer . When the payer's BAM has received the confirmation, it is controlled by AM logic 2301 and transferred to transaction transaction store 2314 where it is stored along with the payee's BPInd. Then, the AM logic 2301 in both the seller's BAM (payee) and the payer's BAM calls the associated incentive coefficient (AKO) from the BPInd-AKO register and activates the arithmetic program in memory 2305 by the number of incentive units to be calculated, which are then stored in the incentive unit memory 2313, controlled by the AM logic 2301 . The current balance of the incentive units is then stored in parallel in the incentive unit memory 2313 .

For transactions between an off-line BAM 2203 and another off-line BAM 2203 or an on-line BAM 2204 , a ZPS-M card 2206 , as shown in FIG. 4, serves as the transaction medium. For such transactions, the ZPS-M card is inserted into the payer's card reader 2309 , which forms part of the AM 2205 shown in FIG . The nominal amount of the transaction is transferred from transaction store 2407 in the BAM, controlled by transaction logic 2401 , to AM transaction store 2314 , where it is controlled by AM logic 2301 with the payer's BPInd read from BPInd store 2311 is combined. Then the AM logic 2301 reads out the transaction amount with the supplemented "own" BPInd and enters the amount with its "own" BPInd via the card reader 2309 into the memory 2510 (which now contains the transaction amount together with the BPInd of the payer) in transaction store 2509 . The ZPS-M card 2206 is assigned to a (sub) user in the manner described above. It is important that the ZPS-M card can be assigned to different sub-users, since it is practically impossible for only one person in a company (company or company) to use the ZPS-M card for a transaction from their (own) BAM to various BAMs of payees. Therefore, two or more people in a company are authorized to transfer to a number n of third parties instead of the "cardholder", the right to act as a sub-user.

When the ZPS-M card is received by the payee's card reader 2309 , AM logic 2301 triggers the transaction program in memory 2411 to read the transaction amount from memory 2510 in the ZPS-M card along with the payer's assigned BPInd and store it in transaction store 2314 in AM 2205 , and further passes it through BAM's transaction accounting store 2407 , while transaction logic 2401 , controlled by the transaction program in store 2411 , separates the BPInd from the nominal amount of the transaction so that only the Nominal amount is saved. The transaction logic 2401 then, controlled by the transaction program in the memory 2411 , transfers the confirmation of receipt of the nominal amount of the transaction via the AM card reader 2309 into the acknowledgment memory 2511 of the ZPS-M card, while the logic 2301 to the acknowledgment of receipt from the Memory 2311 appends the "own" BPInd read out by the payee, so that the memory 2511 in the ZPS-M card now contains the confirmation of receipt of the nominal amount of the transaction with the BPInd appended to the payee.

When the ZPS-M card has been returned to its own BAM, the acknowledgment of receipt is read from the card and entered into the transaction memory 2314 together with the payee's BPInd, while the transaction logic 2401 in the BAM confirms receipt of the transaction amount from the BPInd of the payee is entered and entered into the transaction bookkeeping memory 2407 of the BAM. The AM logic 2301 then calculates the incentive units in the manner previously described and inputs them into the AM memory 2313 .

When there is a sufficient number of incentive units in the incentive unit memory 2313 , it can be used by the business in the following manner.

In principle, the general economic plan does not prevent any business (company or company) or sole trader from buying high-quality goods or luxury goods. However, it requires the buyer to purchase a certain number of incentive units in addition to the nominal amount (price) of the product. In order to carry out such a transaction, the AM logic 2301 is activated to transfer the required number of incentive units from the incentive unit memory 2313 to the payee's BAM, where the nominal amount transaction is handled in the manner described; the incentive units of such a transaction are cleared, controlled by the payee's AM logic 2301 . Alternatively, the incentive units of the buyer can be stored in the incentive unit memory 2313 of the AM 2205 of the payee. The payee is the seller of the high-quality goods.

From time to time the AKAST 2202 shown in Fig. 5 polls the memory 2314 of the AMs in the BAMs located in the sub-region of this AKAST. The memory 2314 contains a general ledger-like record of all transactions, the individual amounts being provided with the corresponding BPInds of the transactions. The query either takes place via data connections when the BAMs 2204 are working on-line, or the AMs are taken from the off-line BAMs 2203 and brought to the corresponding AKASTs and plugged in there.

The logic 2601 , controlled by the interrogation program in the memory 2604 , requests the readout of the transaction memory 2314 of the AMs via the transmission unit 2612 and the I / O unit 2610 . The entire record is then transferred to the queried data storage 2611 of the AKASTs, which has the current data, where all these recordings are stored by different BAMs. The concentration program in memory 2605 then causes logic 2601 to sum up all transaction amounts identified by the same attached BPInd. The result is then entered into the concentrated data data store 2608 . The ZPS then periodically polls the data store 2608 of the various AKASTs and similarly concentrates them, evaluating this data by comparing the current data with the plan data. In order to correct deviations or if the plan has been changed, the ZPS unit carries out readjustments of the relevant BPInd / AKO ratios in the manner of a feedback or feedback. The AKAST receives the corresponding setting data via the transmission unit 2612 , and the update logic 2601 , controlled by the update program in the memory 2606 , effects a re-adjustment of the respective numbers and designations in the BPInd / AKO register 2609 .

When communication or connection to an AM is established, update logic 2601 triggers the update program in memory 2606 to effect corresponding readjustments in the AM-BPInd / AKO register in memory 2312 . The next time the AM logic 2301 triggers the computing program in the memory 2305 in order to calculate the incentive units, the AKOs which are readjusted or newly set are used.

The system according to FIGS. 1 to 5 can also be used in so-called "capitalist" economic systems. For example, the invention could be used in connection with Kenneth Gailbraith's proposal to pay different regional unemployment benefits, ie higher amounts in a region with high unemployment to prevent the collapse of the economy in that region. This mainly affects the food trade and the like. This also takes into account the fact that it is more difficult to find a job in regions with low labor requirements. In this application, the coefficient is stored in a terminal (cash dispenser or the like) rather than on the card to prevent a cardholder from a region with low unemployment from withdrawing cash in a region with high unemployment. The index is then saved in the card.

Claims (13)

1. An apparatus for controlling an economy, characterized by a plurality of operational booking and accounting stations ( 2203, 2204 ), each having transaction means ( 2401, 2402 ) for carrying out different types of transactions relating to different types of goods and / or services related to assigned amounts are to be transferred, the goods and / or services being identified with a business mode (industry) in their booking and accounting machine ( 2203, 2204 ); an incentive module ( 2205 ) in each booking and accounting machine, which has a storage means ( 2310 ) for storing a plurality of indices, each representing a business mode, a commodity and / or service and a transaction type, and an incentive coefficient for each index which is greater than 1 for combinations to be favored and less than 1 for combinations to be throttled; and computing means ( 2301, 2305 ) in said booking and billing machine for multiplying the associated amount for each good and / or service to which a transaction in said booking and billing machine relates with which the good and / or service in their combination of incentive coefficients assigned to business operations and transaction types to determine a size. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the computing means ( 2301, 2305 ) calculates the difference between the assigned amount and the size in order to determine a number of incentive units for the transaction. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the storage means ( 2310 ) of the incentive module ( 2205 ) stores the sum of the incentive units of several transactions. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the storage means ( 2310 ) stores booking data of several transactions. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized by a with the incentive module ( 2205 ) of each booking and accounting machine ( 2203, 2204 ) connectable query station ( 2202 ) for querying the storage means ( 2310 ), for accumulating data about transactions of the booking and accounting machines ( 2203, 2204 ) and to change the incentive coefficients depending on changes in business, goods and / or service and transaction type combinations to be promoted and throttled. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that at least some of the incentive modules ( 2205 ) from their booking and calculation machines ( 2203, 2204 ) can be removed and connected to the interrogation station ( 2202 ). 7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that at least some of the incentive modules ( 2205 ) permanently installed in their booking and accounting machines ( 2203, 2205 ) and the incentive modules ( 2205 ) by means of their booking and accounting machines ( 2203, 2204 ) on- line are connected to the interrogation station ( 2202 ). 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that each incentive module ( 2205 ) has a card reader ( 2309 ), that the device comprises a plurality of multi-user cards ( 2206 ) for reading and verifying the authenticity of coded multi-person identification features, the multi-user cards ( 2206 ) each have a means ( 2502 ) for storing the multi-person identification features. 9. A method of operating a device for controlling an economy, the device having a plurality of operational booking and accounting machines, and wherein products comprising goods and / or services are transferred between several establishments of different types (industries), some of which are the products deliver and these can be transferred through several transaction types, characterized in that an index is assigned to each combination of operating mode, product delivered by this operating mode and type of transaction; that each index is assigned an incentive coefficient which is greater than 1 for indices which designate combinations to be favored and less than 1 for indices which designate combinations to be throttled; that indices for their products and their transaction types as well as the incentive coefficients for each of their indices are stored in an in-house booking and settlement machine ( 2203, 2204 ) and that in each in-house booking and settlement machine and for each transaction an assigned amount for a product to be transferred is multiplied by the incentive coefficient, so that a size results. 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the difference between the size and the assigned amount for the product to be transferred is calculated to determine a number of incentive units, and that the incentive units in each operational booking and accounting machine ( 2203, 2204 ) can be added up. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the indices, their incentive coefficients and the accumulated incentive units are stored in an incentive module ( 2205 ) which is connected to the booking and accounting machine ( 2203, 2204 ) that in the incentive module ( 2205 ) Data about all transactions that are carried out in the booking and settlement machine ( 2203; 2204 ), including the index and the incentive coefficient of each transaction, are stored and that the incentive module ( 2205 ) with an interrogation station ( 2202 ) by the booking - And billing machine ( 2203; 2204 ) is arranged remotely, to sum up data from several incentive modules and to determine the effectiveness of favoring and throttling the combinations. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the incentive coefficient for at least some indices depending on the effectiveness determined favoring and throttling the combinations will be changed. 13. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that a multi-user card with the incentive module ( 2205 ) of the booking and accounting machine ( 2203; 2204 ) is connected to carry out a transaction in the booking and accounting machine.