DE4118208A1 - Fast viewed displays control under variable lighting - uses light sensors for intensity, direction and spectrum and has liquid-crystal viewing panels - Google Patents
Fast viewed displays control under variable lighting - uses light sensors for intensity, direction and spectrum and has liquid-crystal viewing panelsInfo
- Publication number
- DE4118208A1 DE4118208A1 DE4118208A DE4118208A DE4118208A1 DE 4118208 A1 DE4118208 A1 DE 4118208A1 DE 4118208 A DE4118208 A DE 4118208A DE 4118208 A DE4118208 A DE 4118208A DE 4118208 A1 DE4118208 A1 DE 4118208A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- light
- liquid crystal
- intensity
- polarized
- crystal element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/02—Goggles
- A61F9/022—Use of special optical filters, e.g. multiple layers, filters for protection against laser light or light from nuclear explosions, screens with different filter properties on different parts of the screen; Rotating slit-discs
- A61F9/023—Use of special optical filters, e.g. multiple layers, filters for protection against laser light or light from nuclear explosions, screens with different filter properties on different parts of the screen; Rotating slit-discs with variable transmission, e.g. photochromic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
- B60R1/08—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
- B60R1/083—Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors
- B60R1/088—Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors using a cell of electrically changeable optical characteristic, e.g. liquid-crystal or electrochromic mirrors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
- G02F1/13318—Circuits comprising a photodetector
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung liegt im Bereich optischer Geräte oder Vorrichtungen, die zur Abschwächung, Filterung oder partiellen Ausblendung von Licht dienen.The present invention is in the field of optical devices or Devices used for attenuation, filtering or partial Suppress light.
Die lokale Dämpfung oder Abblendung von störendem Licht ist in vielen Bereichen der Technik und des täglichen Lebens von Bedeutung. Für eine permanente, d. h. in der Dämpfungswirkung nicht veränderliche Abschwächung dienen im allgemeinen lichtundurchlässige Blenden, oder Elemente aus durchsichtigen Medien wie Gläser oder Kunststoffe, deren Lichtdurchlässigkeit durch Tönung oder teildurchlässige Verspiegelung reduziert ist. Eine von Menge und/oder Richtung des Lichteinfalls abhängige Variation der Stärke der Abschwächung ist hierbei nur durch mechanisches Hinzufügen, Entfernen oder Positionieren der Elemente oder Blenden möglich, was einen entsprechenden apparativen Aufwand bedeutet.The local attenuation or dimming of disturbing light is in many areas of technology and everyday life of Importance. For a permanent, i.e. H. in the damping effect weakening that does not change generally serves opaque panels, or elements made of transparent Media such as glasses or plastics, their translucency is reduced by tinting or partially reflective mirroring. One depending on the amount and / or direction of the incidence of light Varying the strength of the weakening is only through mechanical addition, removal or positioning of the Elements or panels possible, what a corresponding apparatus expenditure means.
Eine Alternative hierzu bieten Elemente aus optischen Medien, die eine in Abhängigkeit von der einfallenden Lichtmenge selbsttönende Wirkung aufweisen (Sonnenbrillen mit dieser Eigenschaft sind bereits seit einigen Jahren im Handel erhältlich). Der Selbsttönungseffekt tritt bei diesen Medien allerdings immer mit einer gewissen Verzögerung ein, die bis zu einigen Minuten dauern kann. Schnelle Intensitätswechsel des Lichts können damit nicht ausgeglichen werden. Zudem kann die Tönung meist nur innerhalb eines begrenzten Bereichs verändert werden, so daß eine nahezu vollständige Abblendung bei sehr intensivem Lichteinfall nicht erreicht wird. Eine Abhängigkeit von der Richtung oder anderen Eigenschaften des einfallenden Lichtes außer der Intensität ist nicht gegeben.An alternative to this are elements from optical media, the one depending on the amount of light incident have a self-tinting effect (sunglasses with this Property have been on the market for several years available). The self-tinting effect occurs with these media however always with a certain delay that is up to can take a few minutes. Rapid changes in intensity of the It cannot compensate for light. In addition, the Tint mostly changed only within a limited range be, so that an almost complete dimming at very intense light is not reached. A dependency on the direction or other characteristics of the incident There is no light other than the intensity.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zu entwickeln, welche ohne Blenden oder andere mechanische Komponenten eine schnelle Helligkeitsreduzierung bei Lichteinfall aus vorgegebenen Richtungen bewirkt, wobei zusätzlich neben der Intensität des Lichtes auch andere charakteristische Eigenschaften des einfallenden Lichtes als auslösende Parameter zur Dämpfungseinstellung verwendet werden können.The present invention is therefore based on the object to develop a device which without screens or others mechanical components quickly reduce brightness Incidence of light from predetermined directions causes in addition to the intensity of the light also others characteristic properties of the incident light as triggering parameters for damping adjustment can be used can.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung löst diese Aufgabe durch Verwendung eines oder mehrerer optischer Sensoren, die richtungsabhängig eine oder mehrere charakteristische Eigenschaften des einfallenden Lichtes detektieren und in elektrische Signale umwandeln. Elektronische Hilfsmittel nehmen die so erhaltenen elektrischen Signale auf und steuern ein oder mehrere Flüssigkristallelemente im Sinne einer veränderten Lichtdurchlässigkeit an.The device according to the invention solves this problem by use one or more optical sensors that one or more characteristic depending on the direction Detect properties of the incident light and in convert electrical signals. Take electronic aids the electrical signals thus obtained and control or several liquid crystal elements in the sense of a modified Light transmission.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung werden in der folgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Schemazeichnungen beschrieben, wobeiFurther details and advantages of the present invention are more preferred in the following description Exemplary embodiments described using the schematic drawings, in which
Fig. 1 ein einzelnes Flüssigkristallelement darstellt, welches durch elektronische Hilfsmittel in seiner Lichtdurchlässigkeit gegenüber polarisiertem Licht verändert werden kann,Is Fig. 1 is a single liquid crystal element which can be changed by electronic means in its light transmittance with respect to polarized light,
Fig. 2 ein entsprechendes Flüssigkristallelement zeigt, das Sektoren mit jeweils unterschiedlicher Ausrichtungsachse aufweist, Fig. 2 shows a corresponding liquid crystal element having sectors each having a different axis of orientation,
Fig. 3 die Hintereinanderreihung von Flüssigkristallelementen mit jeweils unterschiedlicher Ausrichtungsachse wiedergibt, Figure 3 illustrates the cascading sequence of liquid crystal elements representing. Each having a different axis of orientation,
Fig. 4 ein System zur richtungsabhängigen Abblendung von reflektiertem Licht darstellt, und Fig. 4 shows a system for directional dimming of reflected light, and
Fig. 5 einen Sensor zur richtungsabhängigen Lichtdetektierung zeigt. Fig. 5 shows a sensor for direction-dependent Lichtdetektierung.
Die vorliegende Erfindung macht Gebrauch von der polarisierenden Wirkung von Flüssigkristallen, die elektrisch ausgerichtet werden können. Dieses Prinzip findet zum Beispiel breite Anwendung in Flüssigkristallanzeigen (LCD). Polarisiertes Licht wird dabei je nach Lage zur Ausrichtungsachse des Flüssigkristallelements abgeschwächt oder durchgelassen.The present invention makes use of the polarizing one Effect of liquid crystals that are electrically aligned can be. For example, this principle is broad Application in liquid crystal displays (LCD). Polarized light depending on the position, it becomes the alignment axis of the liquid crystal element weakened or let through.
Unter Verwendung dieses Prinzips läßt sich eine erfindungsgemäße Ausführung wie in Fig. 1 skizziert, anfertigen. Die Vorrichtung 1 zur richtungsabhängigen Dämpfung oder Abblendung von Licht besteht hierbei aus einem oder mehreren einzelnen Flüssigkristallelementen 2, deren optisch wirksame Ausrichtungsachse 8 elektrisch verändert werden kann. Einfallendes polarisiertes Licht 5 mit einer Ausrichtung 6 wird beim Durchgang durch die aktivierte Fläche 7 des Elements 2 abgeschwächt, so daß nur eine reduzierte Lichtmenge 10 hindurchtritt. Die richtungsabhängige Wirkung wird dadurch erreicht, daß bestimmte Eigenschaften des einfallenden Lichts 5 durch einen oder mehrere Sensoren 4 detektiert werden, wobei zumindest ein Teil der Sensoren eine Richtungscharakteristik aufweisen.Using this principle, an embodiment according to the invention as outlined in FIG. 1 can be produced. The device 1 for direction-dependent attenuation or dimming of light consists of one or more individual liquid crystal elements 2 , the optically effective alignment axis 8 of which can be changed electrically. Incident polarized light 5 with an orientation 6 is attenuated as it passes through the activated surface 7 of the element 2 , so that only a reduced amount of light 10 passes through. The direction-dependent effect is achieved in that certain properties of the incident light 5 are detected by one or more sensors 4 , at least some of the sensors having a directional characteristic.
In Fig. 5 ist eine mögliche Ausführungsform eines Sensors dargestellt. Eine Linse 43 bündelt dabei das einfallende Licht 5 auf ein lichtempfindliches Element 42, welches sich zur Abschirmung in einem zylindrischen Gehäuse 41 befindet und bei Lichteinfall elektrische Signale 44 generiert. Auch andere Ausführungsformen sind möglich, wobei diverse lichtempfindliche Elemente wie z. B. Photowiderstände, -dioden oder -transistoren eingesetzt werden können. Bei Verwendung von entsprechenden Anordnungen (z. B. Matrix, CCD) kann eine sehr genaue Analyse der detektierten Lichtquellen erreicht werden.In Fig. 5 shows a possible embodiment is shown of a sensor. A lens 43 bundles the incident light 5 onto a light-sensitive element 42 , which is located in a cylindrical housing 41 for shielding and generates electrical signals 44 when light falls. Other embodiments are also possible, with various light-sensitive elements such. B. photo resistors, diodes or transistors can be used. When using appropriate arrangements (e.g. matrix, CCD), a very precise analysis of the detected light sources can be achieved.
Die erzeugten Signale werden von einer Ansteuereinheit 3 aufgenommen, welche die zur Ausrichtung der Flüssigkristallelemente erforderlichen Elektroden 9 ansteuert. Mit dieser Anordnung kann zum Beispiel eine Blende realisiert werden, die nur bei Lichteinfall aus einem definiertem Winkelbereich mit automatischer Abblendung reagiert. The signals generated are recorded by a control unit 3 , which controls the electrodes 9 required for aligning the liquid crystal elements. With this arrangement, for example, a diaphragm can be realized that only automatically responds to light from a defined angular range.
Dabei kann durch Verwendung entsprechender Sensoren zusätzlich die Dämpfung abhängig gemacht werden von der Intensität, Intensitätsänderung, Spektralverteilung oder Polarisationseigenschaften des einfallenden Lichts. Bei Verwendung von mehreren Sensoren müssen nicht alle eine Richtcharakteristik aufweisen, so daß auch andere Lichtanteile detektiert und in Kombination mit richtungsabhängigen Signalen zur Ansteuerung des Flüssigkristallelements (oder der Elemente) verwendet werden können. Die jeweiligen Signalschwellwerte und Regelparameter können dabei für die Ansteuereinheit 3 sowohl als Festwerte vorliegen, als auch durch externe Stellvorrichtungen variabel vorgegeben werden (nicht abgebildet).By using appropriate sensors, the attenuation can also be made dependent on the intensity, change in intensity, spectral distribution or polarization properties of the incident light. If several sensors are used, not all of them have to have a directional characteristic, so that other light components can also be detected and used in combination with direction-dependent signals to control the liquid crystal element (or elements). The respective signal threshold values and control parameters can be present for the control unit 3 both as fixed values and can also be variably specified by external actuating devices (not shown).
Um unterschiedliche Dämpfwirkungen zu erreichen, kann ein Flüssigkristallelement aus einzelnen und separat ansteuerbaren Sektoren bestehen, die jeweils unterschiedliche Ausrichtungsachsen aufweisen. Eine solche Anordnung 11 ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Je nach den detektierten Lichtverhältnissen können verschiedene Sektoren oder Kombinationen von Sektoren angesteuert werden, so daß das hindurchtretende Licht 10 unterschiedlich abgeschwächt wird.In order to achieve different damping effects, a liquid crystal element can consist of individual and separately controllable sectors which each have different alignment axes. Such an arrangement 11 is shown in FIG. 2. Depending on the detected light conditions, different sectors or combinations of sectors can be controlled so that the light 10 passing through is attenuated differently.
In einer anderen Ausführung 12 (Fig. 3) werden mehrere Flüssigkristallelemente 22, 23, 24, welche unterschiedlich ausgerichtet werden können, nacheinander durchstrahlt. Mit dieser Ausführungsform lassen sich ebenfalls verschiedene Wirkungsgrade der Lichtdämpfung erreichen.In another embodiment 12 ( FIG. 3), a plurality of liquid crystal elements 22, 23, 24 , which can be oriented differently, are irradiated one after the other. With this embodiment, different light attenuation efficiencies can also be achieved.
Fig. 4 zeigt eine spezielle Ausführungsform, bei der eine reflektierende Oberfläche 15 einer Anordnung wie sie bisher beschrieben wurden, nachgesetzt ist. Einfallendes Licht 5 - hier als Beispiel unpolarisiert - wird zunächst durch das Polfilter 14 polarisiert. Danach durchdringt es ein oder mehrere Flüssigkristallelemente 2 wie beschrieben und wird von der reflektierenden Oberfläche 15 zurückgeworfen, wobei es je nach geometrischer Anordnung der einzelnen Komponenten noch ein weiteres mal durch die Flüssigkristallelemente hindurchgehen kann. Dabei kann die Intensität des ausfallenden Lichts durch Detektion des einfallenden Lichts über den Sensor 4 und Ansprechen der nachgeschalteten Ansteuereinheit 3 richtungsabhängig variiert werden. FIG. 4 shows a special embodiment in which a reflecting surface 15 of an arrangement as described so far is added. Incident light 5 - here unpolarized as an example - is first polarized by the polarizing filter 14 . Thereafter, it penetrates one or more liquid crystal elements 2 as described and is reflected back by the reflecting surface 15 , and depending on the geometric arrangement of the individual components, it can pass through the liquid crystal elements one more time. The intensity of the incident light can be varied depending on the direction by detecting the incident light via the sensor 4 and responding to the downstream control unit 3 .
Das Flüssigkristallelement 2 kann dabei mit der reflektierenden Fläche als eine Einheit angefertigt werden, wobei die Rückseite z. B. direkt verspiegelt wäre, etwa durch Metallbedampfung.The liquid crystal element 2 can be made with the reflective surface as a unit, the back z. B. would be directly mirrored, for example by metal vapor deposition.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung läßt sich somit ein automatisches oder steuerbares Spiegelsystem realisieren, das für Licht mit unterschiedlichem Einstrahlwinkel schaltbar unterschiedliche Reflektivität aufweist. Auch bei dieser Anordnung können weitere, auch richtungsunabhängige Sensoren zur Ansteuerung hinzugezogen werden (nicht abgebildet). Ein Anwendungsbeispiel wäre ein Rückspiegel, der eine automatische Verminderung der Reflektivität aufweist, sobald Position und relative Intensität des auftreffenden Lichts eine Blendung auslösen können.The device according to the invention can thus be used automatically or realizable controllable mirror system that for Light with different angles of incidence can be switched differently Has reflectivity. Even with this arrangement can provide additional sensors, also independent of direction Control can be consulted (not shown). A Application example would be a rearview mirror that is automatic Decreases in reflectivity once position and relative intensity of the incident light a glare can trigger.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen können (wie z. B. in Fig. 4 dargestellt) uneingeschränkt auch für unpolarisiertes Licht verwendet werden, indem einfallendes Licht einfach durch ein vorgesetztes Polfilter 14 polarisiert wird. Andere Filter, z. B. zur Unterdrückung bestimmter Lichtwellenlängen, können ebenfalls zusätzlich eingesetzt werden.The devices according to the invention (as shown, for example, in FIG. 4) can also be used without restriction for unpolarized light by simply polarizing incident light through a polarizing filter 14 . Other filters, e.g. B. to suppress certain wavelengths of light, can also be used in addition.
Claims (11)
daß mindestens ein optischer Sensor (4) vorhanden ist, der in Richtungsabhängigkeit eine oder mehrere charakteristische Eigenschaften des einfallenden Lichts detektiert und in elektrische Signale umwandelt, und
ein oder mehrere elektronische Hilfsmittel (3) die so erhaltenen elektrischen Signale aufnehmen und das oder die durchleuchteten Flüssigkristallelemente (2; 22, 23, 24) im Sinne einer veränderten Lichtdurchlässigkeit ansteuern.1.Device ( 1, 11, 12 ) for attenuating or dimming light, the light ( 5 ) to be attenuated being either already polarized or being polarized by additional aids ( 14 ) and the light thus polarized by at least one electronically variable liquid crystal element ( 2; 22, 23, 24 ) passes through, characterized in that
that at least one optical sensor ( 4 ) is present, which detects one or more characteristic properties of the incident light as a function of direction and converts it into electrical signals, and
one or more electronic aids ( 3 ) record the electrical signals thus obtained and control the transilluminated liquid crystal elements ( 2; 22, 23, 24 ) in the sense of a changed light transmittance.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE4118208A DE4118208A1 (en) | 1991-06-04 | 1991-06-04 | Fast viewed displays control under variable lighting - uses light sensors for intensity, direction and spectrum and has liquid-crystal viewing panels |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4118208A DE4118208A1 (en) | 1991-06-04 | 1991-06-04 | Fast viewed displays control under variable lighting - uses light sensors for intensity, direction and spectrum and has liquid-crystal viewing panels |
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DE4118208A1 true DE4118208A1 (en) | 1991-11-07 |
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DE4118208A Ceased DE4118208A1 (en) | 1991-06-04 | 1991-06-04 | Fast viewed displays control under variable lighting - uses light sensors for intensity, direction and spectrum and has liquid-crystal viewing panels |
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EP0536081A1 (en) * | 1991-08-27 | 1993-04-07 | Optrel Ag | Light protection filter with filtering element having electrically ajustable transmission |
WO1994019212A2 (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-09-01 | Donnelly Corporation | Automatic rearview mirror and vehicle interior monitoring system using a photosensor array |
EP0642776A1 (en) * | 1993-09-13 | 1995-03-15 | Optrel Ag | Method to control an anti-glare device and anti-glare device used in the method |
DE4331715A1 (en) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-03-23 | Zeiss Carl Fa | Shutter spectacles (shutter goggles) |
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US6969823B2 (en) | 2002-07-23 | 2005-11-29 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling a welding system |
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US8314689B2 (en) | 1993-02-26 | 2012-11-20 | Donnelly Corporation | Vehicular vision system |
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