DE4328433A1 - Ink jet spray method, and ink jet spray device - Google Patents
Ink jet spray method, and ink jet spray deviceInfo
- Publication number
- DE4328433A1 DE4328433A1 DE19934328433 DE4328433A DE4328433A1 DE 4328433 A1 DE4328433 A1 DE 4328433A1 DE 19934328433 DE19934328433 DE 19934328433 DE 4328433 A DE4328433 A DE 4328433A DE 4328433 A1 DE4328433 A1 DE 4328433A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- ink jet
- ink
- nozzle chamber
- actuators
- nozzle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
- B41J2/14201—Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements
- B41J2/14233—Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements of film type, deformed by bending and disposed on a diaphragm
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
- B41J2002/14338—Multiple pressure elements per ink chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
- B41J2002/14379—Edge shooter
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Tintenstrahl-Spritzverfahren, bei dem in einer Düsenkammer befindliche Tinte oder dergleichen (Druckfarbe) mittels eines das Volumen der Düsenkammer verändernden Betätigungselements zur Erzeugung eines Druckbilds herausgespritzt wird.The invention relates to an ink jet spraying process the ink or the like in a nozzle chamber (Printing ink) by means of a the volume of the nozzle chamber changing actuator for generating a Print image is sprayed out.
Ein derartiges Tintenstrahl-Spritzverfahren (Impuls-Ink, Jet-Verfahren) ist bekannt. Nachteilig ist, die relativ grobe Auflösung durch zu große Tropfenvolumen der herausgespritzten Tinte. Dies führt dazu, daß durch "Tintenpunkt setzen oder nicht setzen" keine ausreichende Anzahl von Farbstufen je Farbe und Bildelement erzeugt werden können. Anzustreben sind ca. 100 Farbstufen pro Farbauszug. Ferner kann bei den bekannten Düsenanordnungen für das Anstreben einer geläufigen Reprorasterung (60 Linien/cm) die Tropfengröße nicht so variiert werden, wie es für einen qualitativ hochwertigen Druck notwendig wäre.Such an ink jet spray process (impulse ink, Jet process) is known. The disadvantage is the relatively rough Dissolution due to excessive drop volume of the sprayed out Ink. This results in that by "ink point set or not set "not enough number of color levels each Color and picture element can be generated. To be striven for approx. 100 color levels per color separation. Furthermore, the known nozzle arrangements for the striving for a common Reproastering (60 lines / cm) the drop size is not so be varied as is for a high quality Pressure would be necessary.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Tintenstrahl-Spritzverfahren der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, mit dem eine sehr große Anzahl von Farbstufungen erzielt werden können. Ferner besteht die Aufgabe, eine Tintenstrahl-Spritzvorrichtung zu schaffen, die die vorstehend genannten Nachteile überwindet.The invention is therefore based on the object Inkjet spray process of the type mentioned create with a very large number of color gradations can be achieved. There is also the task of a Inkjet sprayer to create the overcomes the disadvantages mentioned above.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß als Betätigungselement mindestens zwei Aktuatoren verwendet werden, die variabel wählbar zeitgleich oder mit einstellbar vorgebbarer Zeitverschiebung/Phasenlage aktivierbar sind. Durch diese Maßnahmen ist eine breite Einflußnahmemöglichkeit auf das Tropfenvolumen geschaffen. Werden beispielsweise die beiden Aktuatoren zeitgleich, also mit gleicher Phasenlage zueinander, angesteuert, so wird ein maximales Tropfenvolumen ausgestoßen. Erfolgt die Ansteuerung der beiden Aktuatoren zwar zeitgleich, jedoch mit gleich großen, entgegengesetzten Volumenänderungen (180° phasenversetzt), d. h., der eine Aktuator verkleinert das Volumen der Düsenkammer, während der andere Aktuator zur gleichen Zeit eine gleich große Vergrößerung des Volumens der Düsenkammer herbeiführt, so heben sich die beiden Wirkungen auf, so daß keine Druckfarbe verspritzt wird. Durch die Wahl der relativen Phasenlage der Ansteuersignale für die beiden Aktuatoren lassen sich zwischen diesen Extremen beliebige Zwischeneinstellungen erzeugen.The object is achieved in that as Actuating element used at least two actuators that can be variably selected at the same time or with adjustable predefinable time shift / phase position can be activated. These measures offer a wide range of influence created on the drop volume. For example, the both actuators at the same time, i.e. with the same phase position to each other, controlled, so is a maximum Drop volume ejected. Is the control of the both actuators at the same time, but with the same size, opposite volume changes (180 ° out of phase), d. that is, an actuator reduces the volume of the Nozzle chamber while the other actuator at the same time an equal increase in the volume of the nozzle chamber brings about, the two effects cancel each other out, so that no ink is spilled. By choosing the relative phase position of the control signals for the two Actuators can be any between these extremes Generate intermediate settings.
Nach einer Weiterbildung ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die beiden Aktuatoren jeweils variabel einstellbar vorgebbare Volumenänderungen erzeugen. Dies kann dadurch geschehen, daß gleichlang oder unterschiedlich lang wirkende Ansteuerimpulse für die beiden Aktuatoren eingesetzt werden und/oder daß die Ansteuerimpulse der beiden Aktuatoren gleich große oder unterschiedlich große Amplituden aufweisen. Auch ist es möglich, die Anfangszeitpunkte und/oder die Endzeitpunkte der beiden Ansteuerimpulse zu verändern, dies auch relativ zueinander.After further training, it is advantageous if the two Actuators, each of which can be preset variably Generate volume changes. This can be done in that control pulses of the same length or of different lengths be used for the two actuators and / or that the Control pulses of the two actuators of the same size or have different amplitudes. It is too possible the start times and / or the end times of the to change both control pulses, this also relatively to each other.
Selbstverständlich können die vorstehend erwähnten Möglichkeiten (Phasenverschiebung, Impulslängen, Anfangs- und Endzeitpunkte der Impulse, sowie Impulsamplituden) alternativ oder in beliebiger Kombination miteinander eingesetzt werden.Of course, those mentioned above can Possibilities (phase shift, pulse lengths, start and End times of the pulses, as well as pulse amplitudes) alternatively or in any combination with each other.
Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Aktuatoren mittels Ansteuerimpulsen einer Aktuatoransteuerung mit ihren Eigenfrequenzen schwingen, bzw. mit Frequenzen schwingen, die etwa im Bereich ihrer Eigenfrequenzen liegen. Dies hat eine erhebliche Steigerung der Tropfenerzeugungsgeschwindigkeit gegenüber den bekannten Verfahren zur Folge, da nach dem Stand der Technik stets nach der Erzeugung eines Tropfens das Ausschwingen des gesamten Tropfenerzeugersystems abgewartet werden muß, bevor ein neuer Tropfen erzeugt wird. Dies ist erforderlich, um bei unterschiedlicher Tropfensequenz einheitliche Ausgangsbedingungen zu schaffen. Bei der Erfindung hingegen ist das Ausschwingen des Systems nicht abzuwarten. Die Aktuatoren schwingen mit ihren Eigenfrequenzen, wobei sie dennoch nicht zwangsläufig Tropfen erzeugen müssen, da es wie vorstehend bereits erwähnt mittels entsprechender Ansteuerung (gegenphasig) möglich ist, daß sich die Aktuatorwirkungen aufheben. Soll eine Tropfensequenz ausgestoßen werden, so ist es lediglich erforderlich, die gegenphasigen Ansteuerimpulse in ihrer relativen Phasenlage derart zu verschieben, daß die gewünschte Tropfengröße ausgestoßen wird.According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the actuators by means of control pulses Actuator control vibrate with their natural frequencies, or vibrate at frequencies that are in the range of their Natural frequencies are. This has a significant increase the drop generation speed compared to the known The result of this method is that according to the state of the art the creation of a drop the swinging out of the whole Drop generator system must be waited for before a new one Drop is generated. This is required to different drop sequence uniform To create starting conditions. In the invention, however there is no waiting for the system to swing out. The Actuators vibrate at their natural frequencies, whereby they nevertheless do not necessarily have to generate drops since it is like already mentioned above by means of appropriate control It is possible (in phase opposition) that the actuator effects cancel. If a drop sequence is to be ejected, so it is only necessary to counter-phase Control pulses in their relative phase position too move that the desired drop size ejected becomes.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Tintenstrahl-Spritzvorrichtung mit einer Düsenkammer, der ein das Volumen der Düsenkammer veränderndes Betätigungselement zum Herausspritzen von in der Düsenkammer befindlicher Tinte oder dergleichen (Druckfarbe) zugeordnet ist, und mit einer Ansteuerung zur Aktivierung des Betätigungselements, wobei das Betätigungselement mindestens zwei Aktuatoren ausweist und die Ansteuerung in ihrer relativen Phasenlage zueinander wählbar veränderbare Ansteuerimpulse für die Aktuatoren liefert.The invention further relates to a Ink jet sprayer with a nozzle chamber, the one the actuator changing the volume of the nozzle chamber for squirting out ink in the nozzle chamber or the like (printing ink) is assigned, and with a Control for activating the actuating element, wherein the actuating element identifies at least two actuators and the control in their relative phase relationship to each other selectable changeable control pulses for the actuators delivers.
Nach einer Weiterbildung ist vorgesehen, daß die beiden Aktuatoren in der Düsenkammer angeordnet sind. Durch eine Volumenvergrößerung bzw. eine Volumenverkleinerung der Aktuatoren wird das für die Druckfarbe zur Verfügung stehende Volumen der Düsenkammer entsprechend verändert.After a further training it is provided that the two Actuators are arranged in the nozzle chamber. By a Volume increase or a volume reduction of the Actuators become what is available for the printing ink Volume of the nozzle chamber changed accordingly.
Es ist alternativ auch möglich, daß die Aktuatoren einen membranartigen Wandbereich der Düsenkammer beaufschlagen oder bilden. Durch Aktivierung eines Aktuators wird sein zugehöriger Wandbereich in der Form verändert, beispielsweise in das Innere der Düsenkammer hinein oder nach außen gewölbt, wodurch die gewünschte Volumenänderung zum Ansaugen bzw. Ausstoßen der Druckfarbe herbeigeführt ist.Alternatively, it is also possible for the actuators to have one act on the membrane-like wall area of the nozzle chamber or form. By activating an actuator will be Associated wall area changed in shape, for example inside or out of the nozzle chamber, whereby the desired volume change for suction or Ejection of the printing ink is brought about.
Alternativ ist es natürlich auch möglich, daß ein Aktuator in der Düsenkammer angeordnet ist und daß der andere Aktuator einen membranartigen Wandbereich der Düsenkammer beaufschlagt oder bildet. Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn ein Aktuator die membranartigen Wandbereiche mindestens zweier, aneinandergrenzender Düsenkammern gleichzeitig beaufschlagt. Ein Aktuator steht somit für zwei Düsenkammern zur Verfügung, wobei jeder Düsenkammer noch ein weiterer Aktuator zugeordnet ist, so daß die beiden Düsenkammern insgesamt drei Aktuatoren ausweisen.Alternatively, it is of course also possible that an actuator in the nozzle chamber is arranged and that the other actuator acts on a membrane-like wall area of the nozzle chamber or forms. It is advantageous if an actuator membrane-like wall areas of at least two, adjacent nozzle chambers simultaneously acted. One actuator is therefore available for two nozzle chambers, wherein each nozzle chamber is assigned a further actuator is, so that the two nozzle chambers a total of three actuators identify.
Vorzugsweise sind die Aktuatoren von Piezo-Elementen gebildet.The actuators are preferably of piezo elements educated.
Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß von einem Tintenreservoir ein Tintenzuführkanal in die Düsenkammer mündet. Im Mündungsbereich des Tintenzuführkanals in die Düsenkammer hinein ist eine Rückflußdrossel angeordnet. Diese verhindert, daß bei einer Kontraktion der Düsenkammer bzw. bei einer Volumenverkleinerung der Düsenkammer die Druckfarbe nicht im wesentlichen in das Reservoir zurückgespeist wird, sondern aus der Spritzdüse austritt.According to a development of the invention, it is provided that from an ink reservoir into an ink supply channel Nozzle chamber opens. In the mouth area of the ink supply channel in the nozzle chamber is a backflow restrictor arranged. This prevents the contraction of the Nozzle chamber or when the volume is reduced Nozzle chamber the ink is not essentially in that Reservoir is fed back, but from the spray nozzle exit.
Die Düsenkammer ist - wie erwähnt - für den gerichteten Austritt der Tropfen mit einer Spritzdüse verbunden. Diese Spritzdüse befindet sich bevorzugt an einem Düsenkopf, insbesondere an einer Düsenplatte bzw. wird sie dort mittels einer entsprechenden Bohrung der Platte ausgebildet. The nozzle chamber is - as mentioned - for the directed The drop is connected to a spray nozzle. These Spray nozzle is preferably located on a nozzle head, especially on a nozzle plate or it will be there formed by means of a corresponding hole in the plate.
Schließlich ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Düsenkopf mehrere Spritzdüsen, insbesondere in Nebeneinanderanordnung, aufweist, die jeweils mit einer Düsenkammer verbunden sind. Jeder dieser Düsenkammern sind wiederum zwei Aktuatoren zugeordnet. Aufgrund dieser Mehrfachanordnung ist es möglich, mehrere Farben einzusetzen, d. h., ein Mehrfarbenbild zu erzeugen.Finally, it is advantageous if the nozzle head has several Spray nozzles, especially in a side-by-side arrangement, has, which are each connected to a nozzle chamber. Each of these nozzle chambers are in turn two actuators assigned. Because of this multiple arrangement, it is possible to use multiple colors, d. that is, a multicolor image to create.
Die Zeichnungen veranschaulichen die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und zwar zeigt:The drawings illustrate the invention with reference to a Embodiment shows that:
Fig. 1 eine Schnittansicht durch einen Düsenkopf mit mehreren Tintenstrahl-Spritzvorrichtungen, Fig. 1 is a sectional view through a nozzle head having a plurality of ink-jet spray means,
Fig. 2 bis 4 Schnittansichten von Düsenkammern, in denen sich jeweils zwei Aktuatoren befinden, FIGS. 2 to 4 are sectional views of nozzle chambers, each containing two actuators are located,
Fig. 5 und 6 Diagramme mit verschiedenen Ansteuerimpulsen für die Aktuatoren, FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams with different driving pulses for the actuators,
Fig. 7 einen Längsschnitt durch eine Tintenstrahl-Spritzvorrichtung und Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section through an ink jet spray device and
Fig. 8 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Tintenstrahl-Spritzvorrichtung. Fig. 8 shows another embodiment of an ink jet spray device.
Die Fig. 1 zeigt einen als Düsenplatte 1 ausgebildeten Düsenkopf 2, der - in Nebeneinander-Anordnung - von düsenförmig gestalteten Durchbrüchen 3 durchsetzt ist. Die Durchbrüche 3 bilden Spritzdüsen 4. Die Spritzdüsen 4 sind über Kanäle 5, die in einem Substrat 6 ausgebildet sind, mit Düsenkammern 7 verbunden. Die Düsenkammern 7 stehen mit Tintenzuführkanälen 8 in Verbindung, die in nicht dargestellte Tintenreservoire münden. In ihren, in die Düsenkammern 7 mündenden Endbereichen weisen die Tintenzuführkanäle 8 Rückflußdrosseln 9 auf, die von Tintenzuführkanalabschnitten mit verringertem Querschnitt gebildet werden. Sowohl die Düsenkammern 7, als auch die Tintenzuführkanäle 8 sind in dem bereits erwähnten Substrat 6 ausgebildet, das ferner Träger der Düsenplatte 1 ist. . The Figure 1 shows a nozzle head configured as a nozzle plate 1 2, which - is penetrated by a nozzle-shaped apertures 3 - in juxtaposition. The openings 3 form spray nozzles 4 . The spray nozzles 4 are connected to nozzle chambers 7 via channels 5 which are formed in a substrate 6 . The nozzle chambers 7 are connected to ink supply channels 8 which open into ink reservoirs, not shown. In their end regions opening into the nozzle chambers 7 , the ink supply channels 8 have return flow restrictors 9 , which are formed by ink supply channel sections with a reduced cross section. Both the nozzle chambers 7 and the ink supply channels 8 are formed in the aforementioned substrate 6 , which is also the carrier of the nozzle plate 1 .
Innerhalb jeder Düsenkammer 7 befindet sich ein Betätigungselement 10, das von zwei Aktuatoren 11, 12 gebildet ist. Bei den Aktuatoren 11, 12 handelt es sich um Piezo-Elemente, die - in Abhängigkeit von Ansteuerimpulsen einer nicht dargestellten Ansteuerung - ihr Volumen vergrößern bzw. verkleinern. Von den Tintenreservoiren gelieferte Tinte befindet sich jeweils im gesamten, bis zur zugehörigen Spritzdüse 4 gebildeten Hohlraum. Wird nun - durch entsprechende Ansteuerung - das Volumen des Betätigungselements 10 vergrößert, wodurch das für die Tinte jeweils zur Verfügung stehende Volumen in der Düsenkammer 7 verkleinert wird, so wird aus der Spritzdüse 4 ein Tropfen der Tinte bzw. Druckfarbe oder dergleichen herausgespritzt. Die jeweilige Rückflußdrossel 9 verhindert, daß die im System befindliche Tinte nicht in das Tintenreservoir zurückgespeist wird.An actuating element 10 , which is formed by two actuators 11 , 12 , is located within each nozzle chamber 7 . The actuators 11 , 12 are piezo elements which - depending on control pulses of a control, not shown - increase or decrease their volume. Ink supplied by the ink reservoirs is located in the entire cavity formed up to the associated spray nozzle 4 . If - by appropriate control - the volume of the actuating element 10 is increased, as a result of which the volume available for the ink in the nozzle chamber 7 is reduced, a drop of the ink or printing ink or the like is sprayed out of the spray nozzle 4 . The respective reflux throttle 9 prevents the ink in the system from not being fed back into the ink reservoir.
Die Spritzdüsen 4 können - nach einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel - verteilt über einen Flächenbereich der Düsenplatte 1 angeordnet sein; die Ausführung ist also nicht auf eine reihenförmige Anordnung der Spritzdüsen 4 beschränkt. Den einzelnen, in der Fig. 1 ausgebildeten Tintenstrahl-Spritzvorrichtungen wird Tinte unterschiedlicher Farbe zugeführt, so daß ein Mehrfarbenbild erzeugt werden kann.The spray nozzles 4 can - according to another embodiment - be arranged distributed over a surface area of the nozzle plate 1 ; the design is therefore not limited to a row-shaped arrangement of the spray nozzles 4 . Ink of different colors is supplied to the individual ink jet sprayers shown in Fig. 1 so that a multicolor image can be formed.
Um die Größe der gespritzten Tropfen der jeweiligen Tintenstrahl-Spritzvorrichtung wählbar variieren zu können, werden die beiden Aktuatoren 11 und 12 mit entsprechend geeigneten Ansteuerimpulsen der Ansteuerung angesteuert. Die Ansteuerimpulse werden periodisch den einzelnen Aktuatoren 11 und 12 zugeführt, so daß sie mit einer bestimmten Frequenz schwingen. Vorzugsweise wird die Eigenfrequenz der Aktuatoren 11, 12 gewählt, oder eine Frequenz, die nahe der Eigenfrequenz liegt. Wird nun - wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt - der Aktuator 11 mit einem derartigen Ansteuerimpuls beaufschlagt, daß sich sein Volumen verkleinert (gestrichelte Darstellung) und der Aktuator 12 gleichzeitig mit einem Ansteuerimpuls versehen, so daß sich sein Volumen um den gleichen Betrag vergrößert, wie sich das Volumen des Aktuators 11 verkleinert hat, so ändert sich das für die Tinte zur Verfügung stehende Volumens in der Düsenkammer 7 nicht, d. h., es wird kein Tropfen aus der zugehörigen Spritzdüse 4 herausgespritzt.In order to be able to vary the size of the sprayed drops of the respective inkjet spraying device, the two actuators 11 and 12 are controlled with correspondingly suitable control pulses from the control. The control pulses are periodically fed to the individual actuators 11 and 12 so that they oscillate at a certain frequency. The natural frequency of the actuators 11 , 12 is preferably selected, or a frequency that is close to the natural frequency. Now - as shown in Fig. 2 - the actuator 11 is acted upon with such a drive pulse that its volume is reduced (dashed line) and the actuator 12 is simultaneously provided with a drive pulse so that its volume increases by the same amount as If the volume of the actuator 11 has decreased, then the volume available for the ink in the nozzle chamber 7 does not change, ie no drop is sprayed out of the associated spray nozzle 4 .
In Fig. 4 wird ein maximales Tropfenvolumen aus der zugehörigen Spritzdüse 4 herausgespritzt. Hierzu wird der Aktuator 11 mit einem Ansteuerimpuls derart aktiviert, daß er maximal sein Volumen vergrößert. Dies erfolgt gleichzeitig ebenso bei dem Aktuator 12, so daß insgesamt eine maximale Volumenverkleinerung der Düsenkammer 7 auftritt und eine entsprechende Tintenmenge verdrängt wird.A maximum drop volume is sprayed out of the associated spray nozzle 4 in FIG. 4. For this purpose, the actuator 11 is activated with a control pulse in such a way that it maximally increases its volume. This also takes place at the same time in the actuator 12 , so that overall a maximum volume reduction of the nozzle chamber 7 occurs and a corresponding amount of ink is displaced.
Zwischen den beiden Extremen der Fig. 2 und 4 sind beliebige Zwischenstufen durch entsprechende Ansteuerimpulse der beiden Aktuatoren 11 und 12 wählbar. Beispielsweise ist aus der Fig. 3 ersichtlich, daß das Volumen des Aktuators 11 geringfügig und gleichzeitig das Volumen des Aktuators 12 maximal vergrößert wird, so daß ein Tropfen aus der Spritzdüse 4 heraustritt, dessen Volumen größer als die Hälfte des maximalen Tropfenvolumens ist.Between the two extremes of FIGS. 2 and 4, any intermediate stages can be selected by means of corresponding control pulses from the two actuators 11 and 12 . For example, it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the volume of the actuator 11 is increased slightly and at the same time the volume of the actuator 12 is increased to a maximum, so that a drop emerges from the spray nozzle 4 , the volume of which is greater than half the maximum drop volume.
Die Beispiele der Fig. 2 bis 4 verdeutlichen, daß es durch geeignete Ansteuerung der beiden Aktuatoren 11 und 12 möglich ist, das Tropfenvolumen individuell einzustellen. Hierdurch lassen sich eine hinreichende Anzahl von Farbstufen am zu er zeugenden Farbbild einstellen. The examples in FIGS. 2 to 4 illustrate that it is possible to set the drop volume individually by suitable control of the two actuators 11 and 12 . As a result, a sufficient number of color levels can be set on the color image to be generated.
In der Fig. 5 sind verschiedene Ansteuerimpulse gezeigt, wobei die Ansteuerimpulse des Abschnitts a der Ansteuerung der Aktuatoren 11 und 12 der Fig. 2, die Ansteuerimpulse des Abschnitts b den Stellungen der Aktuatoren 11 und 12 der Fig. 3 und die Ansteuerimpulse im Abschnitt c der in der Fig. 4 wiedergegebenen Zustände der Aktuatoren 11 und 12 entsprechen. Auf der Ordinate ist die Amplitude der Ansteuerimpulse und auf der Abszisse die Zeit aufgetragen. Bei den Ansteuerimpulsen der Fig. 5 handelt es sich um sinusförmige Schwingungen; jedoch ist die Erfindung nicht darauf beschränkt. Es kann daher eine entsprechende gewünschte Impulsform zum Einsatz gelangen.In FIG. 5 different driving pulses are shown, wherein the drive pulses of the portion a of the activation of the actuators b 11 and 12 of Fig. 2, the drive pulses of the portion of the positions of the actuators 11 and 12 of Fig. 3 and the drive pulses in the section c correspond to the states of the actuators 11 and 12 shown in FIG. 4. The amplitude of the control pulses is plotted on the ordinate and the time on the abscissa. . For the drive pulses of Figure 5 is sinusoidal oscillations; however, the invention is not so limited. A corresponding desired pulse shape can therefore be used.
Im Abschnitt a der Fig. 5 heben sich die beiden Impulse auf, d. h., wenn der eine Ansteuerimpuls seinen maximalen positiven Wert aufweist, weist der andere Ansteuerimpuls gerade seinen maximalen negativen Wert auf. Die beiden Aktuatoren 11 und 12 schwingen also 180° phasenverschoben zueinander, so daß keine Wirkung erzielt ist, d. h., das Volumen innerhalb der Düsenkammer 7 bleibt konstant, so daß keine Tinte aus der zugehörigen Spritzdüse 4 ausgespritzt wird.In section a of FIG. 5, the two pulses cancel each other out, ie if one drive pulse has its maximum positive value, the other drive pulse has its maximum negative value. The two actuators 11 and 12 thus oscillate 180 ° out of phase with one another, so that no effect is achieved, ie the volume inside the nozzle chamber 7 remains constant, so that no ink is sprayed out of the associated spray nozzle 4 .
Im Abschnitt b der Fig. 5 sind die beiden Ansteuerimpulse um einen bestimmten Winkel phasenverschoben, so daß sich die Wirkungen der beiden Aktuatoren 11 und 12 nicht aufheben, jedoch auch nicht einander maximal verstärken, sondern ein Ergebnis zustande kommt, das zwischen den Extremen liegt. Es wird hierdurch ersichtlich, daß durch die Wahl des Winkels der Phasenverschiebung eine entsprechende Tropfengröße eingestellt werden kann.In section b of FIG. 5, the two control pulses are phase-shifted by a certain angle, so that the effects of the two actuators 11 and 12 do not cancel each other out, but also do not amplify each other to the maximum, but rather a result that lies between the extremes. It is evident from this that a suitable drop size can be set by the choice of the angle of the phase shift.
Im Abschnitt c der Fig. 5 überlagern sich die beiden Ansteuerimpulse deckungsgleich, d. h., es liegt eine Phasenverschiebung des Werts 0 vor. Dies führt zu einer maximalen Wirkung, d. h., der ausgestoßene Tropfen weist maximales Volumen auf.In section c of FIG. 5, the two control pulses overlap, ie there is a phase shift of the value 0. This leads to a maximum effect, ie the ejected drop has maximum volume.
In der Fig. 6 sind weitere Möglichkeiten der Ansteuerung der beiden Aktuatoren 11 und 12 gezeigt. Es werden Ansteuerimpulse verwendet, die keine Sinusform, sondern etwa eine Rechteckform aufweisen. Es ist erkennbar, daß der durchgezogen dargestellte Ansteuerimpuls in den Abschnitten d, e und f der Fig. 6 im positiven Bereich einen relativ kleinen und im negativen Bereich einen relativ großen Impuls bildet. Der jeweils kleine Impuls dient dazu, beispielsweise den Aktuator 11 anzusteuern, dessen Volumen sich verkleinert, wodurch ein Unterdruck in der Düsenkammer 7 entsteht, was die Kapillarwirkung der Tintenzufuhrkanäle unterstützt und zum Ansaugen von Tinte aus dem Tintenreservoir führt. Zusätzlich formt sich dadurch ein gewölbter Tintenmeniskus an der Spritzdüse 4 in Richtung der Farbkanäle 5 aus, der die zeitlich folgende Tropfenbildung positiv beeinflußt. Diese Ansaugung wird bei dem anderen Impuls (gestrichelte Darstellung), der den Aktuator 12 ansteuert, nicht vorgenommen. Dies ist selbstverständlich nicht zwingend und kann bei anderen Ausführungsbeispielen entsprechend variiert werden.In FIG. 6 further possibilities of control of the two actuators 11 and 12 are shown. Control pulses are used that do not have a sinusoidal shape, but rather a rectangular shape. It can be seen that the drive pulse shown in solid lines in sections d, e and f of FIG. 6 forms a relatively small pulse in the positive region and a relatively large pulse in the negative region. The small pulse in each case is used, for example, to actuate the actuator 11 , the volume of which is reduced, which creates a negative pressure in the nozzle chamber 7 , which supports the capillary action of the ink supply channels and leads to the suction of ink from the ink reservoir. In addition, this forms a curved ink meniscus on the spray nozzle 4 in the direction of the color channels 5 , which has a positive influence on the subsequent drop formation. This suction is not carried out for the other pulse (dashed line) which controls the actuator 12 . Of course, this is not mandatory and can be varied accordingly in other exemplary embodiments.
Der im Abschnitt d der Fig. 6 dargestellte Impulsverlauf der beiden Ansteuerimpulse erfolgt mit einer Phasenverschiebung von Ox und mit gleicher Impulslänge, sowie mit gleicher Impulsamplitude. Eine Variante ist dadurch möglich, daß gemäß der im Abschnitt e der Fig. 6 dargestellten Ansteuerung der Aktuator 12 nicht zum gleichen Zeitpunkt, wie der Aktuator 11 angesteuert wird. Die Anfangszeitpunkte der beiden Ansteuerimpulse liegen also versetzt zueinander, d. h., zunächst wird der Aktuator 11 und später dann der Aktuator 12 angesteuert. Die beiden Amplituden der Ansteuerimpulse sind gleich groß, und die Endzeitpunkte der beiden Ansteuerimpulse fallen zusammen. Insofern ist die Impulsdauer des den Aktuator 11 ansteuernden Impulses größer als die Impulsdauer des den Aktuator 12 ansteuernden Impulses. Ein ausgestoßener Tropfen mit entsprechendem Volumen ist die Folge.The pulse curve of the two control pulses shown in section d of FIG. 6 takes place with a phase shift of Ox and with the same pulse length and with the same pulse amplitude. A variant is possible in that, in accordance with the actuation shown in section e of FIG. 6, the actuator 12 is not actuated at the same time as the actuator 11 . The starting times of the two control pulses are thus offset from one another, ie the actuator 11 is actuated first and then the actuator 12 is actuated later. The two amplitudes of the drive pulses are the same size, and the end times of the two drive pulses coincide. In this respect, the pulse duration of the pulse driving the actuator 11 is greater than the pulse duration of the pulse driving the actuator 12 . The result is an ejected drop with the appropriate volume.
Im Abschnitt f der Fig. 6 ist eine weitere Variante dargestellt. Die beiden Ansteuerimpulse für die Aktuatoren 11 und 12 weisen keine Phasenverschiebung relativ zueinander auf; ihre Impulslängen sind gleichgroß. Unterschiedlich sind jedoch ihre Amplituden, wobei die Amplitude des den Aktuator 11 ansteuernden Impulses größer als die Amplitude des den Aktuator 12 ansteuernden Impulses ist. Auch dies führt zu einer entsprechenden Variation in der Tropfengröße.A further variant is shown in section f of FIG. 6. The two control pulses for the actuators 11 and 12 have no phase shift relative to one another; their pulse lengths are the same size. However, their amplitudes are different, the amplitude of the pulse driving the actuator 11 being greater than the amplitude of the pulse driving the actuator 12 . This also leads to a corresponding variation in the drop size.
Aus dem Vorstehenden wird deutlich, daß die zur Einstellung der Tropfengröße dargestellten Maßnahme einzeln oder in beliebiger Kombination durch entsprechende Wahl der jeweils eingesetzten Ansteuerimpulse einstellbar ist.From the above it is clear that the setting the measure shown individually or in the drop size any combination by appropriate choice of each control pulses used is adjustable.
Die Fig. 7 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Tintenstrahl-Spritzvorrichtung, die eine Abdeckplatte 13 aufweist und an einem Ende durch eine mit einer Spritzdüse 4 versehenen Frontplatte 14 abgeschlossen wird. An der Frontplatte 14 grenzt eine Düsenkammer 7 an, die in eine Rückflußdrossel 9 mündet, die mit einem Tintenzuführkanal 8 in Verbindung steht, der zu einem nicht dargestellten Tintenreservoir führt. Die Membranbereiche 16 der Abdeckplatte 13 sind innerhalb der Düsenkammer 7 mit Aktuatoren 11 und 12 versehen. Bei den Aktuatoren 11 und 12 handelt es sich um Piezo-Elemente, die - mittels entsprechender Ansteuersignale - die Membranbereiche 16 in das Innere der Düsenkammer 7 hineinwölben (gestrichelte Linie) oder nach außen herauswölben (strichpunktierte Linie) können. Auf diese Art und Weise läßt sich das der Tinte zur Verfügung stehende Volumen der Düsenkammer 7 variieren, so daß entsprechende Tropfen aus der Spritzdüse 4 ausgestoßen werden. Die Ansteuerung der beiden Aktuatoren 11 und 12 erfolgt ebenso, wie vorstehend zu den Ausführungsbeispielen der Fig. 1 bis 6 beschrieben. FIG. 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an ink jet spraying device which has a cover plate 13 and is closed at one end by a front plate 14 provided with a spray nozzle 4 . Adjacent to the front plate 14 is a nozzle chamber 7 which opens into a reflux throttle 9 which is connected to an ink supply channel 8 which leads to an ink reservoir (not shown). The membrane regions 16 of the cover plate 13 are provided with actuators 11 and 12 within the nozzle chamber 7 . The actuators 11 and 12 are piezo elements which - by means of appropriate control signals - can arch the membrane regions 16 into the interior of the nozzle chamber 7 (dashed line) or outwards (dash-dotted line). In this way, the volume of the nozzle chamber 7 available to the ink can be varied, so that corresponding drops are expelled from the spray nozzle 4 . The actuation of the two actuators 11 and 12 takes place in the same way as described above for the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1 to 6.
Die Fig. 8 zeigt eine Variante des Ausführungsbeispiels der Fig. 7, wobei zwei Düsenkammern 7 mit entsprechenden Spritzdüsen 4, Rückflußdrosseln 9 sowie Tintenzuführkanälen 8 in Nebeneinanderanordnung vorgesehen sind. Beiden Düsenkammern 7 ist ein einziger Aktuator 11 zugeordnet, was zur Folge hat, daß dieser Aktuator 11 bei entsprechender Ansteuerung Einfluß auf das Volumen der beiden Düsenkammern 7 nimmt. Ferner weist jede Düsenkammer 7 einen weiteren Aktuator 12 bzw. 15 auf, der jeweils mit separaten Ansteuerimpulsen der Ansteuerung versehen wird. Es wird deutlich, daß die Ansteuerung mittels des Aktuators 11 eine Auswirkung auf beide Düsenkammern 7 hat und daß die jeweils zugeordneten Aktuatoren 12 und 15 individuell auf die jeweilige zugeordnete Düsenkammer 7 einwirken. Trotz zweier Düsenkammern 7 sind aufgrund der Ausgestaltung des Ausführungsbeispiels der Fig. 8 nicht vier Aktuatoren, sondern nur drei Aktuatoren erforderlich. Aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung ist es möglich, die Durchmesser der ausgestoßenen Tropfen in Stufen oder kontinuierlich von ein bis zwei Mikrometern von einer minimalen Tropfengröße von ca. 10 µm bis auf eine maximale Tropfengröße von ca. 110 µm zu variieren. Hierdurch ist es möglich, eine extreme Vielzahl von Farbabstufungen zu schaffen. Da die Aktuatoren mit Eigenfrequenz oder etwa mit Eigenfrequenz schwingen, liegt eine besonders hohe Tropfenerzeugungsgeschwindigkeit vor. FIG. 8 shows a variant of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 7, two nozzle chambers 7 with corresponding spray nozzles 4 , reflux restrictors 9 and ink supply channels 8 being provided side by side. A single actuator 11 is assigned to both nozzle chambers 7 , which has the consequence that this actuator 11 influences the volume of the two nozzle chambers 7 with appropriate control. Furthermore, each nozzle chamber 7 has a further actuator 12 or 15 , which is each provided with separate control pulses for the control. It is clear that the actuation by means of the actuator 11 has an effect on both nozzle chambers 7 and that the respectively assigned actuators 12 and 15 act individually on the respectively assigned nozzle chamber 7 . Despite two nozzle chambers 7 , not four actuators, but only three actuators, are required due to the design of the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 8. Because of the configuration according to the invention, it is possible to vary the diameter of the ejected droplets in steps or continuously from one to two micrometers from a minimum droplet size of approximately 10 μm to a maximum droplet size of approximately 110 μm. This makes it possible to create an extreme variety of color gradations. Since the actuators vibrate at natural frequency or at natural frequency, the drop generation speed is particularly high.
Claims (18)
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DE19934328433 DE4328433A1 (en) | 1993-08-24 | 1993-08-24 | Ink jet spray method, and ink jet spray device |
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DE19934328433 DE4328433A1 (en) | 1993-08-24 | 1993-08-24 | Ink jet spray method, and ink jet spray device |
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