DE4429355A1 - Process for the production of an interior part for transportation - Google Patents
Process for the production of an interior part for transportationInfo
- Publication number
- DE4429355A1 DE4429355A1 DE4429355A DE4429355A DE4429355A1 DE 4429355 A1 DE4429355 A1 DE 4429355A1 DE 4429355 A DE4429355 A DE 4429355A DE 4429355 A DE4429355 A DE 4429355A DE 4429355 A1 DE4429355 A1 DE 4429355A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- natural
- reinforcement
- insert
- interior
- isocyanates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N3/00—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for
- B60N3/04—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N3/00—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for
- B60N3/04—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets
- B60N3/042—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets of carpets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0059—Degradable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
- B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
- B32B2262/065—Lignocellulosic fibres, e.g. jute, sisal, hemp, flax, bamboo
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/08—Reinforcements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
- B32B2317/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/003—Interior finishings
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Innenausstattungsteilen für Verkehrsmittel, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeuge, die aus einem tragenden, formerhaltenden Teil und einem die Sichtseite des Innenausstatungsteiles bildenden Dekorteil bestehen, wobei das tragende formerhaltende Teil aus einem mittels Verstärkungseinlagen versteiften Kunststoffmate rial bestehtThe invention relates to a method of manufacture interior fittings for transportation, in particular Motor vehicles made of a load-bearing, shape-retaining part and one forming the visible side of the interior trim part Decorative part consist of the load-bearing shape-maintaining part a plastic mat stiffened by reinforcing inserts rial exists
Innenausstattungsteile von Verkehrsmitteln, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeugen, müssen in der Regel, d. h. abgesehen von kaum oder gar nicht mit dem Benutzer oder Ladegut des Verkehrmit tels in Berührung kommenden Teilen, wie beispielsweise der Dachhimmel, eine gewisse Mindestfestigkeit gegenüber mechani scher Beanspruchung, d. h. z. B. eine bestimmte Biege- und Zug festigkeit, aufweisen. Zugleich ist aber für alle Innenaus stattungsteile auch eine gewisse Formhaltigkeit gegenüber na türlichen Einflüssen, wie Temperatur und Temperaturwechsel, z. B. eine innerhalb bestimmter Grenzen vorgegebene thermische Längenausdehnung, oder eine begrenzte Fechtigkeitsaufnahme und dergl. mehr erforderlich. Neben der Erfüllung solcher mechani scher Festigkeitsanforderungen wird an die Gestaltung von In nenausstatungsteilen von Verkehrsmitteln, insbesondere Kraft fahrzeugen aber auch die Anforderung eines möglichst geringen Gewichtes sowie der unmittelbaren Befestigung von bzw. der un mittelbaren Verbindung mit die Sichtseite des Innenausstat tungsteiles bildenden Dekormaterialien, wie Folien aus ABS, ASA, TPO, PVC, PE, PP oder Pur oder aber natürlichen Dekorma terialien wie Leder, Stoff, Velours oder Teppich gestellt. Schließlich sollen Innenverkleidungsteile von Verkehrsmitteln auch noch ein Mindestmaß an schalldämmenden Eigenschaften be sitzen und zu alledem auch noch mit einem geringstmöglichen Aufwand in recyclingfreundlicher Weise herstellbar sein. Um eine größtmögliche Anzahl dieser an die Innenausstattungsteile insbesondere von Kraftfahrzeugen, gestellten Anforderungen zu erfüllen wurden diese bisher aus einer Trägerplatte aus einem handelsüblichen sowie geschäumten PUR-Gemisch und einem mit diesem verbundenem bzw. verklebtem Dekormaterial hergestellt, in der Weise, daß in die Schäumform zunächst das Dekormaterial eingelegt und anschließend das aus handelsüblichem Material bestehende schäumbare PUR-Gemisch eingebracht wurde, wobei es angesichts der beim Aufschäumen auftretenden Reaktionsdrücke erforderlich war, zumindest Nahtstellen des Dekormaterials mit einer besonderen Folie abzudecken, um ein Durchtreten der Auf schäumung zur Sichtseite des Innenausstattungsteiles hin zu unterbinden. Sofern es aus Festigkeitsgründen weiterhin erfor derlich war die Trägerplatte besonders zu verstärken wurden die als Füll- oder Verstärkungsmaterial bekannten und bewähr ten Materialien, wie Mineral- oder Kunststoffasern eingesetzt, wobei die Mineral- oder Kunststoffasern meist in Form eines Vlieses, gelegentlich auch in Form von Strängen in die Schäum form eingelegt wurden, bevor das schäumbare Material einge bracht wurde.Interior parts of means of transport, in particular Motor vehicles, as a rule, d. H. apart from hardly or not at all with the user or cargo of traffic parts that come into contact, such as the Headlining, a certain minimum strength against mechani shear stress, d. H. e.g. B. a certain bending and pulling strength, exhibit. At the same time is for everyone inside parts also have a certain dimensional stability compared to na natural influences, such as temperature and temperature changes, e.g. B. a predetermined thermal within certain limits Linear expansion, or limited fencing and the like more required. In addition to fulfilling such mechani The strength requirements for the design of In parts of transport equipment, in particular power vehicles but also the requirement of the lowest possible Weight and the immediate attachment of or the un indirect connection with the visible side of the interior decorative material forming part of the part, such as foils made of ABS, ASA, TPO, PVC, PE, PP or Pur or natural decor materials such as leather, fabric, velor or carpet. After all, interior trim parts of transportation means also be a minimum level of soundproofing properties sit and to top it all off with the least possible Effort can be produced in a recycling-friendly manner. Around the largest possible number of these to the interior parts in particular requirements of motor vehicles have so far been met from a carrier plate from a commercial and foamed PUR mixture and one with this connected or glued decorative material produced, in such a way that first the decorative material in the foam mold inserted and then that of commercially available material existing foamable PUR mixture was introduced, whereby it in view of the reaction pressures occurring during foaming was necessary, at least seams of the decorative material with a special foil to cover the passage of the on foaming to the visible side of the interior part prevent. If it is still required for strength reasons The carrier plate had to be particularly reinforced known and proven as filling or reinforcing material materials, such as mineral or synthetic fibers, the mineral or plastic fibers mostly in the form of a Fleece, sometimes in the form of strands in the foam form were inserted before the foamable material was inserted was brought.
Die Verwendung von Kunststoff- oder Mineralfasern, wie auch die Verwendung von Mineralmaterial überhaupt, als Füllstoff oder Verstärkungsmaterial ist zum einen aufwendig und zum anderen wenig recycling- bzw. abfallbeseitigungsfreundlich sowie schließlich auch mit einem sehr hohen Gewichtsanteil behaftet. Insbesondere bedingt die Verwendung eines aus mineralischem Fasermaterial bestehenden Verstärkungsmaterials auf der einen Seite eine Belastung des Arbeitsbereiches, insbesondere der Gesundheit der mit der Herstellung der Innenverkleidungsteile befaßten Arbeiter und führt auf der anderen Seite, z. B. bei einer Verbrennung von Abfall, zu einem erhöhten Anfall von unerwünschter und nicht verwertbarer Schlacke. Hier ist vor allem auch in Betracht zu ziehen, daß im Rahmen einer Abfall verbrennung auch ein gewisser Anteil an Heizmaterial erfor derlich ist, der bisher durch Zuführung von Erdöl bzw. Heizöl gestellt werden muß.The use of plastic or mineral fibers, as well as that Use of mineral material at all, as a filler or Reinforcement material is complex on the one hand and on the other little recycling or waste disposal friendly as well finally also has a very high proportion by weight. In particular, the use of a mineral requires Fiber material existing reinforcing material on the one Side of the work area, especially the Health of the manufacture of interior trim parts concerned workers and leads on the other hand, e.g. B. at a waste incineration, an increased amount of unwanted and unusable slag. Here is before everything to consider also that in the context of a waste combustion also requires a certain amount of heating material derlich is that previously by adding petroleum or heating oil must be asked.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Innenverkleidungsteiles für Verkehrs mittel, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeuge, zu schaffen, welches zwar einerseits die Erfüllung aller an ein Innenausstattungsteil zu stellenden mechanischen Festigkeitsanforderungen sowie die Anforderungen an die Temperaturunabhängigkeit erlaubt, ande rerseits aber zugleich auch eine Verringerung der Herstel lungskosten bei gleichzeitiger Verbesserung der Recyclingfreundlichkeit sowie einem geringstmöglichen Gesamtgewicht gewährleistet. Ein wesentlicher Teil der gestellten Aufgabe besteht dabei zugleich darin, einerseits die Arbeitsbedingun gen für die mit der Herstellung der Innenausstattungsteile be faßten Arbeiter und andererseits die Recyclingbedingungen bzw. überhaupt die Abfallbeseitigungsbedingungen, insbesondere der Abfallverbrennung zu verbessern.The invention is therefore based on the object of a method for the production of an interior trim part for traffic means, especially motor vehicles, to create which on the one hand, the fulfillment of all of the interior fittings mechanical strength requirements to be set and the Temperature independence requirements allowed, others on the other hand, a reduction in the number of products costs while improving recyclability as well as the lowest possible total weight guaranteed. An essential part of the task at the same time consists, on the one hand, of the working conditions conditions for those involved in the manufacture of interior fittings caught workers and on the other hand the recycling conditions or the waste disposal conditions at all, in particular to improve waste incineration.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß im Wesentlichen dadurch gelöst, daß für die Herstellung von Innenausstattungsteilen als schäumbares Kunststoffmaterial ein aus natürlichen Poly olen, insbesondere pflanzlicher Herkunft, oder aus recycelten Polyolen und Isocyanaten bzw. einer Zubereitung aus Polyäther und/oder Polyesterpolyolen und höherwertigen aromatischen oder aliphatischen Isocyanaten bestehendes Gemisch und in Verbin dung damit ein aus natürlichen Fasern bestehendes Material als Verstärkungseinlage verwendet wird.This object is essentially achieved according to the invention solved that for the production of interior parts as a foamable plastic material made of natural poly oils, especially of vegetable origin, or from recycled Polyols and isocyanates or a preparation made of polyether and / or polyester polyols and higher aromatic or Aliphatic isocyanates existing mixture and in Verbin a material made of natural fibers Reinforcement insert is used.
Die Verwendung eines natürlichen Fasermaterials als Verstär kungsmaterial bzw. Füllstoff für ein aus natürlichen oder recycelten Polyolen sowie einem Gemischanteil aus Isocyanaten bestehenden und geschäumtem Kunststoffanteil herzustellende Innenausstattungsteile für Verkehrsmittel, insbesondere Kraft fahrzeuge, ermöglicht unbeschadet der Erreichung der erforder lichen mechanischen und thermischen Eigenschaften des Innen verkleidungsteiles einerseits neben einer Senkung des Her stellungsaufwandes, da hierfür weitgehend recyceltes Material eingesetzt werden kann, und andererseits eine erhebliche Ver ringerung des Gewichtes des Innenverkleidungsteiles. Zusätz lich zu diesen Vorteilen gesellt sich auch noch der Effekt, daß aus natürlichem Fasermaterial bestehendes Verstärkungsma terial bzw. Füllstoffmaterial zu einer allen auftretenden An forderungen bezüglich der Temperaturbeständigkeit bzw. be grenzten Wärmeausdehnung des Innenverkleidungsteiles in opti maler Weise genügenden Problemlösung führt. Ein ganz besonde rer Vorteil der Verwendung natürlichen Fasermaterials ist fer ner darin zu sehen, daß die mit der Verwendung z. B. von Glas faser verbundene gesundheitliche Belastung der Arbeiter be seitigt ist. Darüberhinaus wird schließlich noch eine ent scheidende Verbesserung der Abfallbeseitigung, insbesondere Müllverbrennung dadurch erreicht, daß im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Innenverkleidungsteile nicht nur prak tisch schadstofffrei verbrannt werden können, sonder im Rahmen der Müllverbrennung zugleich auch als Heizmaterial dienen und somit den bisher erforderlichen zusätzlichen Einsatz von Erdöl bzw. Heizöl überflüssig machen.The use of a natural fiber material as reinforcement Kungsmaterial or filler for a natural or recycled polyols and a mixture of isocyanates existing and foamed plastic part to be manufactured Interior fittings for transportation, especially power vehicles, without prejudice to achieving the required mechanical and thermal properties of the interior trim part on the one hand next to a lowering of the Her position expenditure, since largely recycled material for this can be used, and on the other hand a considerable ver reducing the weight of the interior trim part. Additional In addition to these advantages, there is also the effect that that reinforcement made of natural fiber material material or filler material to all occurring requirements regarding temperature resistance or be limited thermal expansion of the interior trim part in opti painterly enough problem solving. A very special one The advantage of using natural fiber material is fer ner to see that with the use of z. B. of glass fiber-related health burden on workers is sided. In addition, one is finally added outgoing improvement in waste disposal, in particular Waste incineration achieved in that in the invention Process manufactured interior trim parts not only practical table can be burned free of pollutants, especially in the frame the waste incineration also serve as heating material and thus the previously required additional use of petroleum or make heating oil unnecessary.
Selbstverständlich kann im Rahmen der Erfindung auch die Ver wendung von handelsüblichem PUR-Gemisch vorgesehen werden, falls natürliche oder recycelte Polyole, beispielsweise in folge ununzureichender Recyclingkapazitäten, nicht in aus reichender Menge zur Verfügung stehen.Of course, the Ver use of a commercially available PUR mixture, if natural or recycled polyols, for example in follow inadequate recycling capacity, not in sufficient amount are available.
In Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, daß das aus natürlichen Fasern bestehende Material in eine der Raumform des herzustellenden Innenausstattungsteiles entspre chend gestaltete sowie beheizbare (Schäum-)Form eingelegt und anschließend ein reaktionsfähiges, schäumbares Gemisch aus na türlichen oder recycelten Polyolen und Isocyanaten bzw. einer Zubereitung aus Polyäther- und/oder Polyesterpolyolen und hö herwertigen aromatischen oder aliphatischen Isocyanaten mit einem Dosierdruck von 100 bis zu 300 bar gemischt und nachfol gend in die (Schäum-)Form eingebracht sowie in der (Schäum-) Form bei einem Reaktionsdruck zwischen 3 und 300 bar aufge schäumt und ausgehärtet wird, wobei das Verhältnis von Ver stärkungseinlage zu Polyol- und Isocyanat-Gemisch bzw. der Zu bereitung aus Polyäther- und/oder Polyesterpolyolen und hö herwertigen aromatischen oder aliphatischen Isocyanaten zweck mäßigerweise in einem Bereich von 10 zu 90% bis 90 zu 10% liegt und wobei sich ferner das Mischungsverhältnis von natür lichen oder recycelten Polyolen zu Isocyanaten in einem Ver hältnisbereich zwischen 100 : 40 bis 100:200 bewegt.In carrying out the method according to the invention, it is provided that that the material made of natural fibers in one of the Correspond to the spatial shape of the interior fittings to be manufactured appropriately designed and heated (foam) mold and then a reactive, foamable mixture of na natural or recycled polyols and isocyanates or one Preparation from polyether and / or polyester polyols and high herbal aromatic or aliphatic isocyanates a dosing pressure of 100 to 300 bar mixed and subsequent introduced into the (foaming) form and in the (foaming) Form at a reaction pressure between 3 and 300 bar foams and cures, the ratio of Ver Strengthening insert to the polyol and isocyanate mixture or the Zu preparation from polyether and / or polyester polyols and high hereditary aromatic or aliphatic isocyanates purpose moderately in a range from 10 to 90% to 90 to 10% lies and where the mixing ratio of natural Lichen or recycled polyols to isocyanates in one Ver Ratio range between 100: 40 to 100: 200 moves.
Vorteilhafterweise wird das aus natürlichem Fasermaterial be stehende Material der Verstärkungseinlage in einem dem Einle gen in die Schäumform vorausgehenden Verfahrensschritt einem Trocknungsprozeß unterworfen, wobei der Trocknungsprozeß ent weder dem Einlegen in die Schäumform unmittelbar vorausgehend ausgeführt wird oder Maßnahmen angewendet werden, welche nach dem Trocknungsprozeß eine erneute Wasseraufnahme durch das Verstärkungsmaterial ausschließen.This is advantageously made of natural fiber material standing material of the reinforcement insert in the insert a previous step in the foam form Subjecting drying process, the drying process ent neither immediately prior to insertion into the foam mold is carried out or measures are applied, which according to the drying process a renewed water absorption by the Exclude reinforcement material.
Für die Verstärkungseinlage kann als völliger oder teilweiser Ersatz für Neumaterial auch recyceltes Material, wie in geeig neter Weise zerkleinertes Altpapier, gebrauchtes und gereinig tes Gewebe und dergl. verwendet werden.For the reinforcement insert can be as complete or partial Replacement for new material also recycled material, such as in suitable Normally shredded waste paper, used and cleaned tes tissue and the like can be used.
Für die Verstärkungseinlage werden als natürliches langfase riges Material bevorzugterweise Jute-, Flachs-, Kokos-, Bananen-, Baumwolle-, Sisal-, Hanf-, oder Ramiefasern sowie Stroh verwendet, wobei dieses natürliche langfaserige Material oder natürliches langfaseriges Material überhaupt aus rezy klierten Gewebefetzen oder dergl. gewonnen werden kann.For the reinforcement insert are natural long chamfer material preferably jute, flax, coconut, Banana, cotton, sisal, hemp, or ramie fibers as well Straw is used, this natural long-fiber material or natural long-fiber material made from recycled material cleared scraps of tissue or the like can be obtained.
Als natürliches kurzfaseriges Material für die Verstärkungs einlage werden Papierschnitzel verwendet, die bevorzugterweise aus Altpapier oder aus industriellen Papierabfällen gewonnen werden.As a natural short-fiber material for the reinforcement Paper shredded insert is used, which is preferred obtained from waste paper or industrial paper waste will.
Darüberhinaus eröffnet das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dem An wender auch eine weitreichende Gestaltungs- bzw. Anpassungs freiheit an vorzugebende Anforderungen bezüglich der mechani schen oder thermischen Eigenschaften eines herzustellenden Innenverkleidungsteiles. Hierzu gehört nicht nur die Möglich keit das Verhältnis von Verstärkungs- oder Füllmaterial zu PUR-Gemisch innerhalb eine Grenzen 90 zu 10% variieren zu können, sondern in Verbindung damit auch eine Vielfalt von Anordnungsmöglichkeiten der Verstärkungseinlage innerhalb des Innenverkleidungsteiles. So kann in einer ersten Verwirkli chungsform vorgesehen sein, daß aus natürlichen Fasern, ins besondere Schnitzel oder Langfasern, bestehendes, die Verstär kungseinlage bildendendes Material ungerichtet, wirr, geformt oder vorgeformt in die (Schäum-)Form eingelegt wird.In addition, the method according to the invention opens up to the operator also a far-reaching design or adaptation freedom to specify requirements regarding the mechani or thermal properties of a product to be manufactured Interior trim part. This does not only include the possibility the ratio of reinforcement or filler material PUR mixture vary within a 90 to 10% limit can, but in connection with it also a variety of Arrangement possibilities of the reinforcement insert within the Interior trim part. So in a first confusion chungsform be provided that from natural fibers, ins special schnitzel or long fibers, existing, the reinforcement Material forming the insert is non-directional, tangled, shaped or preformed into the (foam) mold.
Gemäß einer anderen Verwirklichungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann aber auch vorgesehen sein, daß das aus natür lichen Fasern bestehende, die Verstärkungseinlage bildende Material mindestens teilweise gerichtet, z. B. als Vlies, Ge webe oder Gewirke in die (Schäum-)Form eingelegt wird.According to another embodiment of the invention However, the method can also be provided for that from natural Lichen existing fibers, forming the reinforcing insert Material directed at least partially, e.g. B. as a fleece, Ge woven or knitted fabric is inserted into the (foam) shape.
Ferner kann nach einer besonderen Verwirklichungsform des er findungsgemäßen Verfahrens aber auch vorgesehen sein, daß das aus natürlichen Fasern bestehende, die Verstärkungseinlage bildende Material schichtenweise übereinanderliegend und ab wechselnd in Form wirrer Verstärkungseinlagen und gerichteter Verstärkungseinlagen in die (Schäum-)Form eingelegt wird.Furthermore, according to a particular form of realization of the inventive method but also be provided that the made of natural fibers, the reinforcement insert forming material lying in layers one above the other and from alternating in the form of confused reinforcement inserts and directional Reinforcement inserts are inserted into the (foam) mold.
Unbeschadet der Anwendung einer der vorgenannten Verfahrens weisen kann, zur Herstellung eines einer besonderen Anwendung optimal angepaßten Innenausstattungsteiles, aber auch vorge sehen sein, daß zusätzlich zu einer aus wirr eingelegtem na türlichen verhältnismäßig kurzfaserigem Fasermaterial beste henden Verstärkungseinlage in der Hauptbelastungsrichtung des Innenausstattungsteiles ausgerichtet eine aus gerichtetem langfaserigem Fasermaterial bestehende Verstärkungseinlage in die (Schäum-)Form eingelegt wird.Without prejudice to the application of any of the above procedures may have to produce a special application optimally adapted interior, but also featured can be seen that in addition to a na inlaid door relatively short fiber material best reinforcing insert in the main loading direction of the Interior part aligned one from aligned long fiber fibrous material existing reinforcement in the (foam) mold is inserted.
Um ein Innenausstattungsteil in einen Verfahrensgang ge brauchsfertig herzustellen, wird, für den Fall, daß die Sichtseite des Innenausstattungsteiles durch eine Kunststoff folie gebildet sein soll, vorgeschlagen, daß dem Einlegen der Verstärkungseinlage vorausgehend ein die Sichtseite des Innen ausstattungsteiles bildendes Dekormaterial aus ABS, ASA, TPO, PVC, PE, PP oder PUR eingebracht wird.To ge an interior trim in a process ready to use, in case the Visible side of the interior part through a plastic should be formed, proposed that the insertion of the Reinforcement insert on the visible side of the inside decorative decorative material made of ABS, ASA, TPO, PVC, PE, PP or PUR is introduced.
Entsprechend wird für den Fall, daß für die Sichtseite des Innenausstattungsteiles ein Bezug aus einem natürlichen Werk stoff vorgesehen ist, vorgeschlagen, daß dem Einlegen der Ver stärkungseinlage vorausgehend ein die Sichtseite des Innenaus stattungsteiles bildendes Dekormaterial aus Leder, Stoff, Velours, Teppich eingebracht wird.Accordingly, in the event that for the visible side of the Interior part of a cover from a natural work fabric is provided, proposed that the insertion of Ver Reinforcement insert on the visible side of the interior decorative decorative material made of leather, fabric, Velor, carpet is introduced.
Ein im voraufgehend beschriebenen Verfahren hergestelltes Innenausstattungsteil für Verkehrsmittel, insbesondere Kraft fahrzeuge, welches aus einem tragenden, formerhaltenden Teil und einem die Sichtseite des Innenausstatungsteiles bildenden Dekorteil gebildet ist, wobei das tragende formerhaltende Teil aus einem mittels Verstärkungseinlagen versteiften Kunststoff material besteht, gekennzeichnet sich im Wesentlichen dadurch, daß sein tragendes Teil aus einem geschäumten Kunststoffmate rial aus natürlichen oder recycelten Polyolen und Isocyanaten bzw. einer Zubereitung aus Polyäther- und/oder Polyesterpoly olen und höherwertigen aromatischen oder aliphatischen Iso cyanaten und einer Verstärkungseinlage aus natürlichen Fasern besteht, wobei der Anteil von Verstärkungsmaterial zwischen 10% und 90% beträgt.A manufactured in the previously described method Interior part for transportation, especially power vehicles, which consist of a load-bearing, shape-retaining part and one forming the visible side of the interior trim part Decorative part is formed, the load-bearing shape-maintaining part made of a plastic stiffened by means of reinforcing inserts material, is essentially characterized by that its load-bearing part made of a foamed plastic mat rial from natural or recycled polyols and isocyanates or a preparation of polyether and / or polyester poly olen and higher aromatic or aliphatic iso cyanates and a reinforcement insert made of natural fibers exists, the proportion of reinforcing material between Is 10% and 90%.
Weiter ist ein solches Innenverkleidungsteil in einer ersten Ausführungsform dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verstärkungs einlage des tragenden Teiles aus Jute-, Flachs-, Kokos-, Bananen-, Baumwolle-, Sisal-, Hanf-, oder Ramiefasern sowie Stroh besteht.Next is such an interior trim part in a first Embodiment characterized in that the reinforcement insert of the load-bearing part made of jute, flax, coconut, Banana, cotton, sisal, hemp, or ramie fibers as well There is straw.
In einer zweiten Ausführungsform ist ein Innenverkleidungsteil dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verstärkungseinlage des tra genden Teiles aus Papierschnitzeln besteht.In a second embodiment is an interior trim part characterized in that the reinforcing insert of the tra part consists of shredded paper.
Weitere Kennzeichnungsmerkmale eines erfindungsgemäßen Innen verkleidungsteiles ergeben sich aus den vorstehend geschilder ten Materialverwendungen.Further characteristics of an interior according to the invention cladding part result from the above material uses.
Claims (18)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4429355A DE4429355C2 (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1994-08-18 | Process for the production of interior fittings for vehicles and interior fittings |
PCT/EP1995/002843 WO1996002589A1 (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1995-07-19 | Process for producing interior trims for transport means and interior trims thus produced |
DE59506990T DE59506990D1 (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1995-07-19 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING INTERIOR EQUIPMENT PARTS FOR TRANSPORT, AND INTERIOR EQUIPMENT PRODUCED BY THIS METHOD |
EP95926955A EP0719296B1 (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1995-07-19 | Process for producing interior trims for transport means and interior trims thus produced |
US08/615,314 US5895611A (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1995-07-19 | Process for producing interior trims for transport means and interior trims produced in this process |
CA002172154A CA2172154A1 (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1995-07-19 | Process for producing interior trims for transport means and interior trims thus produced |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4425447 | 1994-07-19 | ||
DE4429355A DE4429355C2 (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1994-08-18 | Process for the production of interior fittings for vehicles and interior fittings |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4429355A1 true DE4429355A1 (en) | 1996-01-25 |
DE4429355C2 DE4429355C2 (en) | 1997-09-11 |
Family
ID=6523532
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE9413378U Expired - Lifetime DE9413378U1 (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1994-08-18 | Interior part for transportation |
DE4429355A Expired - Fee Related DE4429355C2 (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1994-08-18 | Process for the production of interior fittings for vehicles and interior fittings |
DE59506990T Expired - Lifetime DE59506990D1 (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1995-07-19 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING INTERIOR EQUIPMENT PARTS FOR TRANSPORT, AND INTERIOR EQUIPMENT PRODUCED BY THIS METHOD |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE9413378U Expired - Lifetime DE9413378U1 (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1994-08-18 | Interior part for transportation |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE59506990T Expired - Lifetime DE59506990D1 (en) | 1994-07-19 | 1995-07-19 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING INTERIOR EQUIPMENT PARTS FOR TRANSPORT, AND INTERIOR EQUIPMENT PRODUCED BY THIS METHOD |
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DE (3) | DE9413378U1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19708486A1 (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 1998-09-10 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Vehicle interior trim part consisting of at least one carrier layer, a haptic intermediate layer and a decorative layer |
NL1007314C2 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-04-21 | Syntech Holdings Bv | Molded element, especially a floor plate, composed of binder and ground, shredded banknotes as a filler |
WO1999020444A1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-04-29 | Syntech Holdings B.V. | A moulded element, in particular in the shape of a plate, which is a compressed mixture of binder and filler, a method and a device for manufacturing such a moulded element, as well as floor plates, a sports hall provided with such floor |
EP0943410A1 (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 1999-09-22 | Heinrich Wolf | Single stage process for manufacturing a decorative article from regenerable raw material |
NL1008899C2 (en) * | 1998-04-16 | 1999-10-19 | Syntech Holdings Bv | Molded element, especially a floor plate, composed of binder and ground, shredded banknotes as a filler |
NL1010954C2 (en) * | 1999-01-05 | 2000-07-06 | Tinga Research & Dev B V | Corrugated sheet, method for the manufacture thereof and pressing installation used in that method. |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19543165A1 (en) * | 1995-11-20 | 1997-05-22 | Hoelter Heinz | Rot-proof interior lining for e.g. vehicle door or roof |
DE19712266B4 (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 2007-10-25 | Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH | Motor vehicle door |
DE19926417A1 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2000-12-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Sandwich structure has top and bottom covering layers, intermediate core and matrix |
DE19939227B4 (en) * | 1999-08-18 | 2004-07-29 | Möller Plast GmbH | Composite material |
DE10147527A1 (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-04-24 | Ced Entsorgungsdienst Chemnitz | Vehicle inner component consists of a fibre mat type laminate, composed of two flexible cover layers and an intermediate layer |
DE10333161A1 (en) † | 2003-07-22 | 2005-02-24 | Findlay Industries Deutschland Gmbh | Interior equipment components of motor vehicles with a defined surface profile |
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DE805708C (en) * | 1948-10-02 | 1951-05-28 | Peter Hoppe Dipl Ing | Plates, trays and profiles |
DE1808349A1 (en) * | 1968-11-12 | 1970-05-21 | Remy Friedr Nfg | Process for the production of lightweight bodies or panels |
EP0518338A1 (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1992-12-16 | Dr. Frische GmbH | Environment compatible composite |
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1994
- 1994-08-18 DE DE9413378U patent/DE9413378U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-08-18 DE DE4429355A patent/DE4429355C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-07-19 DE DE59506990T patent/DE59506990D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE805708C (en) * | 1948-10-02 | 1951-05-28 | Peter Hoppe Dipl Ing | Plates, trays and profiles |
DE1808349A1 (en) * | 1968-11-12 | 1970-05-21 | Remy Friedr Nfg | Process for the production of lightweight bodies or panels |
EP0518338A1 (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1992-12-16 | Dr. Frische GmbH | Environment compatible composite |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19708486A1 (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 1998-09-10 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Vehicle interior trim part consisting of at least one carrier layer, a haptic intermediate layer and a decorative layer |
EP0872383A2 (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 1998-10-21 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Patentabteilung AJ-3 | Vehicle interior lining consisting of a composite layer with at least a carrier layer, a haptic layer and a decorative layer |
EP0872383A3 (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 2000-05-10 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Patentabteilung AJ-3 | Vehicle interior lining consisting of a composite layer with at least a carrier layer, a haptic layer and a decorative layer |
NL1007314C2 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-04-21 | Syntech Holdings Bv | Molded element, especially a floor plate, composed of binder and ground, shredded banknotes as a filler |
WO1999020444A1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-04-29 | Syntech Holdings B.V. | A moulded element, in particular in the shape of a plate, which is a compressed mixture of binder and filler, a method and a device for manufacturing such a moulded element, as well as floor plates, a sports hall provided with such floor |
US6379815B1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2002-04-30 | Syntech Holdings B.V. | Moulded element, in particular in the shape of a plate, which is a compressed mixture of binder and filler, a method and a device for manufacturing such a moulded elements, as well as floor plates, a sports hall provided with such floor |
EP0943410A1 (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 1999-09-22 | Heinrich Wolf | Single stage process for manufacturing a decorative article from regenerable raw material |
NL1008899C2 (en) * | 1998-04-16 | 1999-10-19 | Syntech Holdings Bv | Molded element, especially a floor plate, composed of binder and ground, shredded banknotes as a filler |
NL1010954C2 (en) * | 1999-01-05 | 2000-07-06 | Tinga Research & Dev B V | Corrugated sheet, method for the manufacture thereof and pressing installation used in that method. |
WO2000040819A1 (en) * | 1999-01-05 | 2000-07-13 | Tinga Research & Development B.V. | Corrugated sheet, method for its production and press installation used in this method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59506990D1 (en) | 1999-11-11 |
DE9413378U1 (en) | 1995-04-13 |
DE4429355C2 (en) | 1997-09-11 |
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