DE4447101A1 - Bodies for tube-like passageways e.g. veins and arteries - Google Patents

Bodies for tube-like passageways e.g. veins and arteries

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Publication number
DE4447101A1
DE4447101A1 DE4447101A DE4447101A DE4447101A1 DE 4447101 A1 DE4447101 A1 DE 4447101A1 DE 4447101 A DE4447101 A DE 4447101A DE 4447101 A DE4447101 A DE 4447101A DE 4447101 A1 DE4447101 A1 DE 4447101A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
body according
state
initial state
alloy
arteries
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE4447101A
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German (de)
Inventor
Andreas U Dr Med Freiburghaus
Falah Dr Redha
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FREIBURGHAUS ANDREAS U
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FREIBURGHAUS ANDREAS U
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Application filed by FREIBURGHAUS ANDREAS U filed Critical FREIBURGHAUS ANDREAS U
Priority to DE4447101A priority Critical patent/DE4447101A1/en
Priority to DE9420877U priority patent/DE9420877U1/en
Publication of DE4447101A1 publication Critical patent/DE4447101A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/95—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
    • A61L29/02—Inorganic materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
    • A61L29/04—Macromolecular materials
    • A61L29/041—Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
    • A61L29/04—Macromolecular materials
    • A61L29/06—Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/02—Inorganic materials
    • A61L31/022—Metals or alloys
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/04—Macromolecular materials
    • A61L31/048—Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/04—Macromolecular materials
    • A61L31/06—Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
    • A61F2/06—Blood vessels
    • A61F2/07—Stent-grafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/95—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts
    • A61F2/954—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts for placing stents or stent-grafts in a bifurcation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
    • A61F2/06—Blood vessels
    • A61F2002/065—Y-shaped blood vessels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2210/00—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2210/0014—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
    • A61F2210/0019—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol operated at only one temperature whilst inside or touching the human body, e.g. constrained in a non-operative shape during surgery, another temperature only occurring before the operation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2210/00—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2210/0014—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
    • A61F2210/0023—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol operated at different temperatures whilst inside or touching the human body, heated or cooled by external energy source or cold supply
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2210/00—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2210/0014—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
    • A61F2210/0023—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol operated at different temperatures whilst inside or touching the human body, heated or cooled by external energy source or cold supply
    • A61F2210/0042—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol operated at different temperatures whilst inside or touching the human body, heated or cooled by external energy source or cold supply using a fluid, e.g. circulating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2210/00—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2210/0014—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
    • A61F2210/0023—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol operated at different temperatures whilst inside or touching the human body, heated or cooled by external energy source or cold supply
    • A61F2210/0047—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol operated at different temperatures whilst inside or touching the human body, heated or cooled by external energy source or cold supply heated by light

Abstract

A body for opening, keeping open, for forming and/or covering hollow spaces e.g. arteries, veins, bronchi, bile ducts or ureters takes up its shapes after introducing into or forming the hollow space and then retains it by the action of physical, chemical or mechanical influences such as pressure, temperature, irradiation with acoustic or electromagentic waves or reaction with other substances.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Körper zum Öffnen, offen halten, zum Bilden und/oder Auskleiden von rohrartigen Durchgängen, z. B. Arterien oder Venen, oder von anderen Hohlräumen.The invention relates to a body for opening, keeping open, for forming and / or lining tubular passages, e.g. B. Arteries or veins, or from other cavities.

Solche Körper sind bekannt und z. B. in der US-PS 5.071.407 beschrieben. Dabei wird der maschenartige Körper mit aufwendigen Einrichtungen in vorgesehene Durchgänge, z. B. Arterien, gebracht, wo er sich entfaltet und die gewünschte Form einnimmt. Dieser Körper ist zum einen im Aufbau aufwendig und zum anderen setzt er aufwendige Vorrichtungen zum einbringen in die Durchgänge voraus.Such bodies are known and z. B. in U.S. Patent 5,071,407 described. The mesh-like body is complex Facilities in designated passageways, e.g. B. arteries, brought where it unfolds and takes the desired shape. This body is complex on the one hand and on the other hand he uses elaborate devices to bring in the Runs ahead.

Ausgehend von dem obigen Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, hier Abhilfe zu schaffen.The invention lies on the basis of the above prior art the task is to remedy this.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1 solved.

Man erkennt, daß die Erfindung jedenfalls dann verwirklicht ist, wenn es sich um einen Körper (Werkstoff) handelt, der mindestens zwei Zustände mit unterschiedlichen physikalischen Eigenschaften einnehmen kann:
Im ersten Zustand weist der Körper vorzugsweise einen geringen Querschnitt auf, ist flexibel und weichelastisch, ist mit oder ohne Durchbohrung(en) auf seiner ganzen Länge, oder auf Teilen davon, versehen und kann Verzweigung(en) aufweisen.It can be seen that the invention is implemented in any case if it is a body (material) that can assume at least two states with different physical properties:
In the first state, the body preferably has a small cross section, is flexible and soft-elastic, is provided with or without through-hole (s) over its entire length or on parts thereof, and can have branching (s).

Im zweiten Zustand weist der Körper (Werkstoff) den gewünschten Querschnitt und Durchmesser sowie die gewünschte Starrheit und Elastizität auf, wobei er einen an mindestens einem Ende offenen Hohlraum definiert, und zwar mit gewünschter Wandstärke und Wandbeschaffenheit.In the second state, the body (material) has the desired one Cross section and diameter as well as the desired rigidity and Elasticity, being open at least at one end Defined cavity, with the desired wall thickness and Wall texture.

Weitere zweckmäßige und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung gehen aus den Unteransprüchen hervor.Further expedient and advantageous embodiment of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

Die allgemeine Funktionsweise des Körpers (Werkstoffes) kann wie folgt zusammengefaßt werden:
Der Körper wird mittels eines geeigneten Hilfsgerätes I im ersten Zustand räumlich an die gewünschte Stelle gebracht. An der gewünschten Stelle wird der Körper (eventuell mittels mindestens eines weiteren geeigneten Hilfsmittels II, das mit dem ersten Hilfsmittel I identisch oder ein Teil von diesem sein kann) vom ersten Zustand in den zweiten Zustand überführt. Spätestens dann, wenn der Körper in den zweiten Zustand übergegangen ist, werden die Hilfsmittel entfernt, worauf der Körper an der gewünschten Stelle die gewünschte Form einnimmt, räumlich fixiert bleibt und seinen Zweck erfüllt, nämlich rohrartige Hohlräume (Durchgänge) bildet, die zuvor verengt oder kollabiert oder inexistent waren, öffnet, offen hält oder auskleidet.The general functioning of the body (material) can be summarized as follows:
The body is brought spatially to the desired location in the first state by means of a suitable auxiliary device I. At the desired location, the body is transferred from the first state to the second state (possibly by means of at least one further suitable aid II, which can be identical to or part of the first aid I). At the latest when the body has changed into the second state, the aids are removed, whereupon the body assumes the desired shape at the desired location, remains spatially fixed and fulfills its purpose, namely forming tubular cavities (passages) that previously narrowed or collapsed or non-existent, opens, holds open or lines.

Als Werkstoffe oder Materialien sind solche geeignet, die so beschaffen sind, daß sie mehr als einen Zustand einnehmen können und reversibel oder irreversibel, in kontrollierbarer Weise von einem in einen anderen Zustand übergehen können. In mindestens einem Zustand muß der Werkstoff weich, hochelastisch und verformbar sein und in mindestens einem weiteren Zustand muß er fest und/oder zähelastisch und/oder starr sein. Der Übergang von einem in den anderen Zustand muß kontrollierbar und auf physikalische oder chemische oder physikalisch-chemische Weise in Gang gesetzt werden können. Der Körper kann aus einem oder mehreren solchen Werkstoffen bestehen oder aus einer Kombination von solchen mit herkömmlichen Werkstoffen gebildet sein.Suitable materials are those that do so are such that they can assume more than one state  and reversible or irreversible, in a controllable manner from one can change into another state. In at least the material must be soft, highly elastic and be deformable and in at least one other condition it must be firm and / or viscoplastic and / or rigid. The transition from one in the other state must be controllable and on physical or chemical or physico-chemical way can be started. The body can consist of one or several such materials consist of or a combination be formed with conventional materials.

Einige Verwendungen und Einsätze des Körpers gemäß der Erfindung werden nun näher angegeben bzw. erläutert:
Medizinische Anwendung: Stent.
Blutgefäßsystem: Wiederdurchgängig machen und/oder offen halten von Arterien oder Venen.
Verdauungstrakt: Wiederdurchgängig machen und/oder offen halten von Speiseröhre, Gallengang, Pankreasgang.
Urogenitalsystem: Wiederdurchgangig machen und/oder offen halten von Ureteren, Urethra, Samenleiter, Eileiter.
Atemwege: Luftröhre, Bronchien.Some uses and uses of the body according to the invention are now specified or explained:
Medical application: stent.
Blood vessel system: make the arteries or veins pervious and / or open.
Gastrointestinal tract: make it continuous and / or keep open the esophagus, bile duct, pancreatic duct.
Genitourinary system: make it permeable and / or keep it open of ureters, urethra, vas deferens, fallopian tubes.
Respiratory tract: trachea, bronchi.

Anatomisch vorgegebene oder künstliche Zugänge oder Abfluß- oder Einführungswege schaffen von einem Hohlorgan in ein anderes, normales oder pathologisches (Zysten, Kavernen, Hämatome) oder an die Körperoberfläche.Anatomically predetermined or artificial approaches or drainage or Create introductory routes from one hollow organ to another, normal or pathological (cysts, caverns, hematomas) or to the body surface.

Nichtmedizinische Anwendung:
Tunnelbau, Kanalbau: Auskleiden und stabilisieren von Höhlen-, Tunnel- oder Kanalwänden in stabilem oder unstabilem Grund.Non-medical application:
Tunnel construction, canal construction: lining and stabilizing cave, tunnel or canal walls in stable or unstable ground.

Kanalisation und Röhrensysteme: Leckagen provisorisch oder permanent von innen versiegeln. Auskleiden von Röhrensystemen von innen.Sewerage and pipe systems: provisional or leakages seal permanently from the inside. Lining of pipe systems from the inside.

ZustandsformenState forms

Im ersten Zustand kann der Körper ein weicher, flachgequetschter Schlauch sein, der um einen in seiner Höhlung liegenden, glatten, flexiblen Führungsdraht aufgewickelt ist. Im zweiten Zustand entfaltet sich und erstarrt dieser Schlauch, so daß er einen durchgängigen Hohlraum bildet und diesen entweder stützt und am kollabieren hindert oder verhindert, daß er sich ausweitet und leckt. Die Wandbeschaffenheit kann außen rauh und innen glatt sein, die Wand kann perforiert sein oder solide oder halbdurchlässig. Der Körper kann im zweiten Zustand (auch im ersten Zustand) auch eine verzweigte Form haben, z. B. ein Ypsilon bilden. Im ersten Zustand kann der Körper auch ein dünner, weicher Schlauch sein, der im zweiten Zustand als eine erstarrte Röhre mit größerem Durchmesser präsentiert (das Umgekehrte eines Schrumpfschlauches). Im ersten Zustand kann der Körper auch ein weicher, dünner Stab sein, der im zweiten Zustand eine erstarrte Röhre mit größerem Durchmesser darstellt.In the first state, the body can be a soft, squeezed Hose that is around one in its cavity, smooth, flexible guide wire is wound. In the second State unfolds and this tube solidifies, so that it forms a continuous cavity and either supports it and prevents or prevents it from collapsing expands and licks. The wall texture can be rough and rough on the outside be smooth on the inside, the wall can be perforated or solid or semipermeable. The body can in the second state (also in first state) also have a branched shape, e.g. B. a Form the Ypsilon. In the first state, the body can also thin, soft tube that in the second state as one solidified tube with larger diameter presented (the Reverse of a shrink tube). In the first state, the Body also be a soft, thin stick, the one in the second Represents a solidified tube with a larger diameter.

Funktionsweisefunctionality

Es wird z. B. ein Hilfsgerät C verwendet: Trochar oder Kanüle oder Katheter mit/ohne Führungsdraht.It is e.g. B. uses an auxiliary device C: trochar or cannula or catheter with / without guidewire.

Ferner wird ein Hilfsgerät D verwendet: Sonde mit Geber für Energie in Form von Licht, Wärme, Schallwellen, Mikrowellen oder Druck. Sonde mit Auslaß für Chemikalien oder Flüssigkeiten oder Gasen. Möglich ist auch eine Kombination von beiden. Sobald der Körper mit Hilfsgerät C an die gewünschte Stelle gebracht wurde, wird das Hilfsgerät D (eventuell durch das Hilfsgerät C hindurch) mit dem Körper in Berührung gebracht und die geeignete Energieform oder der geeignete, Stoff freigesetzt, so daß der Körper vom ersten Zustand in den zweiten Zustand über zugehen beginnt. Nach der Freisetzung und während oder nach dem Übergang vom ersten Zustand in den zweiten Zustand wird das Hilfsgerät D (eventuell auch das Hilfsgerät C) wieder entfernt. Die freigesetzte Energie kann ultraviolettes oder sichtbares Licht sein, das die Härtung (Polymerisation) des Körpers beschleunigt. Die räumliche Ausdehnung des Körpers kann durch die Härtung (Polymerisation) selbst bewirkt werden oder durch vorherige Ausdehnung mittels eines in den Körper eingeführten Ballons erfolgen. Die räumliche Ausdehnung und/oder der Übergang vom ersten Zustand in den zweiten Zustand kann auch selbst ständig erfolgen und/oder in Gang gesetzt werden, und zwar durch Berührung des Körpers mit dem Umgebungsmaterial des Zielortes, z. B. Körperflüssigkeit.An auxiliary device D is also used: probe with encoder for Energy in the form of light, heat, sound waves, microwaves or Pressure. Probe with outlet for chemicals or liquids or Gases. A combination of the two is also possible. As soon as the Body was brought to the desired position with auxiliary device C,  the auxiliary device D (possibly by the auxiliary device C through) brought into contact with the body and the appropriate Energy form or the appropriate substance released so that the To move the body from the first state to the second state begins. After the release and during or after the transition from the first state to the second state, the auxiliary device D (possibly also the auxiliary device C) removed again. The released energy can be ultraviolet or visible light that accelerates the hardening (polymerization) of the body. The spatial expansion of the body can be caused by hardening (Polymerization) itself or by previous ones Expansion using a balloon inserted into the body respectively. The spatial extent and / or the transition from first state in the second state can also itself constantly take place and / or set in motion by Contact of the body with the surrounding material of the destination, e.g. B. Body fluid.

WerkstoffeMaterials

Als Werkstoffe (Material) können geeignete Kunststoffe (z. B. Polyurethan, Acrylat oder Silicon) sein, die im ersten Zustand noch unvollständig polymerisiert/gehärtet und deshalb noch stark verformbar sind und die durch Bestrahlung mit ultraviolettem/sichtbarem Licht oder durch Erwärmung oder durch Aufnahme von Chemikalien oder Flüssigkeiten oder Gasen beginnen vollständig zu polymerisieren/aushärten, wobei sie sich durch diesen Prozeß selbst ausdehnen oder in derjenigen gewünschten räumlichen Form erstarren, in die sie vorher mit dem Hilfsmittel D gebracht wurden. Der Werkstoff kann auch ein "Memory Shape Alloy" (Legierung mit "Formerinnerung") sein, die durch Temperaturänderung vom ersten Zustand in den zweiten Zustand übergeht. Der Werkstoff kann auch ein im ersten Zustand zusammengepreßter Verbundwerkstoff sein, z. B. ein Vlies oder anderes Fasergewebe, der nach dem Ausdehnen in die gewünschte Form durch Zufuhr von Energie oder Chemikalien oder Flüssigkeiten/Gasen zur Verklebung gebracht wird (zweiter Zustand). Der Werkstoff kann auch eine Kombination von Kunststoffen sein, die erst bei innigem Kontakt ihrer Oberflächen vom ersten in den zweiten Zustand übergehen mit/ohne Vermittlung von (flüssigen) Drittstoffen. Das Material kann auch so beschaffen sein, daß es im ersten Zustand dehydriert ist und bei Wasseraufnahme sich räumlich ausdehnt und dabei den zweiten Zustand erreicht. Schließlich besteht auch die Möglichkeit, die obigen Vorgänge zu kombinieren, und/oder den Werkstoff mit anderen Substanzen zu dotieren oder zu beschichten, welche die Dauerhaftigkeit des Werkstoffes beeinflussen und/oder eine gewünschte Beeinflussung der Umgebung des Werkstoffes bewirken.Suitable plastics (e.g. Polyurethane, acrylate or silicone), which is in the first state still incompletely polymerized / hardened and therefore still strong are deformable and by irradiation with ultraviolet / visible light or by heating or by Start absorbing chemicals or liquids or gases fully polymerize / cure, passing through expand this process yourself or in the one you want solidify spatial form into which they previously had the aid D were brought. The material can also be a "memory shape Alloy "by" shape memory " Temperature change from the first state to the second state transforms. The material can also be in the first state compressed composite material, e.g. B. a fleece or other fiber fabric that after stretching into the desired one  Form by adding energy or chemicals or Liquids / gases are bonded (second Status). The material can also be a combination of Plastics that only come into close contact with their Surfaces transition from the first to the second state with / without Mediation of (liquid) third-party substances. The material can too be such that it is dehydrated in the first state and when water is absorbed it expands spatially and thereby the second Condition reached. Finally, there is also the option of Combine the above operations, and / or the material with doping or coating other substances which the Affect the durability of the material and / or effect the desired influence on the environment of the material.

Claims (11)

1. Körper zum Öffnen, offen halten, zur Bildung und/oder Auskleidung von Hohlräumen, z. B. Arterien, Venen, Bronchien, Gallengänge oder Harnleiter, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper nach Einbringung in den oder nach Bildung des Hohlraum(s) die vorgesehene Form einnimmt und sie durch Einwirken physikalischer, chemischer oder mechanischer Einflüsse wie Druck, Temperatur, Bestrahlung mit akustischen oder elektromagnetischen Wellen, oder nach Reaktion mit anderen Substanzen beibehält.1. Body for opening, keeping open, for the formation and / or lining of cavities, for. B. arteries, veins, bronchi, bile ducts or ureters, characterized in that the body takes the intended shape after insertion into or after the formation of the cavity (s) and it by the action of physical, chemical or mechanical influences such as pressure, temperature, radiation with acoustic or electromagnetic waves, or after reaction with other substances. 2. Körper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper mindestens zwei Zustände mit unterschiedlichen physikalischen Beschaffenheiten einnimmt und daß die Übergänge in diese Zustände reversibel oder irreversibel sind.2. Body according to claim 1, characterized, that the body has at least two states different physical properties and that the transitions to these states are reversible or are irreversible. 3. Körper nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper in mindestens einem Zustand hochelastisch und/oder weich und/oder verformbar ist, während er in mindestens einem anderen Zustand fest und/oder zähelastisch und/oder starr ist.3. Body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized, that the body is highly elastic in at least one state and / or soft and / or deformable while in at least one other condition firm and / or tough elastic and / or is rigid. 4. Körper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper aus Kunststoff, z. B. Polyurethan, Acrylat oder Silicon, besteht, der im Ausgangszustand noch unvollständig polymerisiert (gehärtet) und verformbar ist.4. Body according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized, that the body made of plastic, e.g. B. polyurethane, acrylate or silicone, which is still in the initial state is incompletely polymerized (hardened) and deformable. 5. Körper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aushärtung des Körpers (Werkstoffs) durch Bestrahlung mit elektromagnetischer Strahlung, z. B. UV- Licht, oder durch Temperaturänderung, oder durch Aufnahme oder Abgabe von Chemikalien, Flüssigkeiten oder Gasen erfolgt.5. Body according to one of claims 1 to 4,  characterized, that the curing of the body (material) through Irradiation with electromagnetic radiation, e.g. B. UV Light, or by temperature change, or by recording or dispensing chemicals, liquids or gases he follows. 6. Körper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper aus Metall oder Legierung(en) besteht, z. B. Magnesium oder Memory Shape Alloy (Legierung mit Formerinnerung) oder Federstahl.6. Body according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized, that the body is made of metal or alloy (s), e.g. B. Magnesium or Memory Shape Alloy (alloy with Shape memory) or spring steel. 7. Körper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper im Ausgangszustand ein zusammengepreßter Verbundwerkstoff, z. B. Vlies oder ein anderes Fasergewebe, ist.7. Body according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized, that the body in the initial state is a compressed Composite, e.g. B. fleece or another fiber fabric, is. 8. Körper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper im Ausgangszustand dehydriert ist und bei Wasseraufnahme sich räumlich ausdehnt und den Endzustand erreicht.8. Body according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized, that the body is dehydrated in the initial state and at Water absorption expands spatially and the final state reached. 9. Körper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper im Ausgangszustand einen geringeren Querschnitt und/oder ein geringeres Volumen und/oder eine größere Dichte besitzt.9. Body according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized, that the body is less in the initial state Cross section and / or a smaller volume and / or a has greater density. 10. Körper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper gleichzeitig aus mehreren Werkstoffen besteht. 10. Body according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized, that the body is made of several materials at the same time consists.   11. Körper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper mit anderen Substanzen dotiert oder beschichtet ist, welche die Dauerhaftigkeit des Werkstoffs beeinflussen und/oder eine gewünschte Beeinflussung der Umgebung des Werkstoffes bewirken.11. Body according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized, that the body is doped with other substances or is coated, which is the durability of the material influence and / or a desired influence of the Cause the environment of the material.
DE4447101A 1994-12-29 1994-12-29 Bodies for tube-like passageways e.g. veins and arteries Withdrawn DE4447101A1 (en)

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DE4447101A DE4447101A1 (en) 1994-12-29 1994-12-29 Bodies for tube-like passageways e.g. veins and arteries
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