EP0016919A1 - Device for detecting the crossing of the finishing line by the competitors in a race - Google Patents

Device for detecting the crossing of the finishing line by the competitors in a race Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0016919A1
EP0016919A1 EP80100461A EP80100461A EP0016919A1 EP 0016919 A1 EP0016919 A1 EP 0016919A1 EP 80100461 A EP80100461 A EP 80100461A EP 80100461 A EP80100461 A EP 80100461A EP 0016919 A1 EP0016919 A1 EP 0016919A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
receiving antennas
transmitter
induction loops
crossing
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EP80100461A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0016919B1 (en
Inventor
Winfried Dr. Med. Hermanns
Heinz Prof. Dr. Rer. Nat. Lueg
Hanno Dr. Ing. Blackert
Dirk Dipl.-Ing. Wimmenauer
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C1/00—Registering, indicating or recording the time of events or elapsed time, e.g. time-recorders for work people
    • G07C1/22—Registering, indicating or recording the time of events or elapsed time, e.g. time-recorders for work people in connection with sports or games

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for detecting the finish of participants of a race, in which the participants are each equipped with a transmitter that has at least two receiving antennas at the destination and receivers connected to the receiving antennas.
  • a competition timekeeping and display system is known (DE-OS 21 41 001), in which two receiving antennas are arranged at the finish line in the floor of the racetrack, which consist of adjacent conductor loops which are successively run over by the participants in a car race.
  • Each of the participants is equipped with a transmitter that is selective Transmitter sends out and receivers are connected to the receiving antennas, which are selectively matched to the identifiers of the transmitter.
  • the transmitters When the receiving antennas are passed over, the transmitters generate signals in these which are evaluated and not only lead to the determination of the passage of the finish but also to the identification of the subscriber concerned.
  • the signals generated one after the other in the two antennas are summed up, resulting in an overall signal curve with three successive voltage peaks.
  • the evaluation or detection of such a signal curve using electronic means for the exact determination of the target passage is difficult.
  • the transmitter of every racing car generates approximately the same voltage curve over time on the antennas, the amplitudes of the curves can differ greatly from one another at different finishings. This can be due, for example, to the fact that the transmission powers of the individual transmitters are different, or to the fact that the transmitters are at different distances from the road. If the finish crossing signal is only generated after a proper sequence of three voltage peaks has been detected on the receiving antennas, then the racing car has already passed the finish line so that the indicated timing of the finish crossing does not exactly match the actual finish crossing.
  • the known antenna system is also sensitive to deliberately generated interference. For example, it is possible to set up a transmitter in the vicinity of the antenna system, which generates a signal curve with three voltage peaks according to FIG. 5 in order to simulate a target crossing.
  • the receiving system would respond to such a stationd.Sender as it g only the Truspannun sverlauf analyzed together on all three antennas, but does not check whether the voltage maxima occur at the individual antennas in turn.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned, which enables a very fast and therefore exact determination of the finish and is insensitive to short and long-distance interference in that it only responds to moving transmitters, but not to stationary transmitters .
  • the two receiving antennas are arranged with directional sensitivity running essentially at right angles to one another, and that a target crossing signal is generated when the signal of one receiving antenna is above a high first threshold value and the signal of the other receiving antenna is below a low one second threshold.
  • the signal of the first receiving antenna rises slowly when a transmitter approaches the receiving antenna, reaches its maximum when the transmitter has reached the smallest distance from the receiving antenna and then decays again. In the vicinity of the target crossing in front of and behind the target, the signal level of the first receiving antenna exceeds the first threshold. This area is relatively large and is not sufficient for an accurate determination of the target passage.
  • the exact destination is determined by the second receiving antenna, the main receiving direction of which is perpendicular to that of the first receiving antenna.
  • the signal that the transmitter of a subscriber approaching the target generates on the second receiving antenna rises with increasing proximity, but drops sharply to zero shortly before reaching the target and rises sharply again after crossing the target and then again to subside. The sudden drop in this signal during the passage of the target is used to accurately determine when the target has been reached.
  • the signals of the two receiving antennas can be evaluated using simple technical means. All you need is two threshold switches to determine whether the two conditions of the AND condition are met.
  • the receiving antennas are induction loops, one of which is arranged in a substantially horizontal plane and the other in a substantially vertical plane.
  • the levels of the induction loops can cross each other in the middle of the loop.
  • the wavelength of the transmission signals should be large compared to the length of the loops in order to avoid standing waves on the induction loops.
  • the identifiers of the individual transmitters consist in the fact that each transmitter transmits a selective frequency to which the relevant receivers of the measuring device are tuned. This tuning can be done with crystal controlled oscillators. Different identifications are also possible due to different modulations of a single transmission frequency.
  • the induction loops are preferably sunk in the floor of the racetrack with main axes running transversely to the direction of movement of the participants.
  • Such an installation of the receiving antennas in or under the floor along the finish line avoids disturbances of the competition participants and the spectators. It is not visually recognizable at all and ensures high accuracy. It has thus been found that the presence of a transmitter can be determined with certainty in a range of a few angular degrees with respect to the vertical plane passing through the common axis of the receiving antennas.
  • the target crossing signal is therefore generated precisely when the transmitter in question is exactly above the target degrees below which the two receiving antennas are laid.
  • the induction loops are preferably attached to a common carrier body.
  • This can be a pipe.
  • the required dimensional stability of the two receiving antennas is thus achieved, so that no deformations of the induction loops can occur when laid in the ground.
  • the wires of the induction loops can also be attached to the inner wall of the tube.
  • the device shown is particularly suitable for detecting the passage of the finish in car races.
  • transmitters are attached to the individual racing cars, all of which emit different frequencies.
  • the transmitters are preferably mounted under the floor panels of the racing cars or embedded in a cutout on the floor panel. Their main radiation direction is perpendicular downwards.
  • the racing car forms a shield that prevents a larger proportion of the radiation from being emitted upwards and to the sides. Due to the low ground clearance of racing cars, the transmitters are very close to the ground, so that they manage with low transmission power.
  • the two induction loops 10, 11 are laid below the finish line in the floor of the racetrack.
  • the direction of travel of the racing car is indicated by the arrow 12.
  • the main directions of the induction loops 10 and 11 are transverse to the direction of travel 12.
  • Each induction loop consists of two parallel conductors 13, 14 which are connected at one end by a connecting conductor 15. The opposite ends of the conductors 13, 14 are connected to the evaluation device.
  • the conductors of the first induction loop 10 lie in a substantially horizontal plane, while the conductors of the induction loop 11 are arranged in a substantially vertical plane.
  • the levels of the two induction loops cross each other in the middle of the loop.
  • the ends of the horizontal induction loop 10 are connected to a series of selective receivers E 1 , only one of which is shown in FIG. 1, and the ends of the vertical induction loop 11 are connected to a series of frequency-selective receivers, of which only in FIG. 1 represents a receiver E2 is posed.
  • Each transmitter or each racing car is a Em p ä f n g p he aar E1, E2 assigned, which is tuned to the frequency of the respective transmitter.
  • FIG. 2 shows the voltage curve U 1 at the output of the receiver E 1 , which results when the racing car assigned to the relevant pair of receivers crosses the finish line. It can be seen that the voltage U 1 rises as the racing car approaches the finish line, assumes its maximum value in the finish passage z and then subsides again. On the basis of the voltage U 1 , the exact time of the target crossing cannot be determined easily because the curve is too flat in the area of the maximum.
  • the voltage curve U 2 at the output of the receiver E2 is shown in Figure 2b. Since the directional characteristic of the induction loop 11 is mainly horizontal, the voltage U 2 has a first maximum 16 if the transmitter is still in front of the finish line and a second maximum 17 if the transmitter is already behind the finish line. In between there is a sharp dip 18, because if the transmitter is exactly in the vertical plane of the induction loop 11, ie above the target line, no voltage is induced in the vertical induction loop 11 at all. The voltage U 2 therefore drops sharply briefly to zero in the exact target crossing.
  • a first threshold value circuit 19 is connected downstream of the receiver E 1 .
  • a relatively high threshold value 20 is set at this.
  • the threshold circuit 19 outputs an output signal when the voltage U 1 the threshold worth exceeds 20. As FIG. 2a shows, this is the case in a certain period of time before and after the target passage z.
  • the high directional sensitivity of the vertical induction loop 11 is used to determine the exact target passage z, while the first induction loop 10 is used to delimit the larger time range in which a target passage signal 25 is possible.
  • Figure 3 shows a realization of the induction loops 10, 11. These are attached to the inner wall of a plastic tube 26, in such a way that the two induction loops 10 and 11 are perpendicular to each other.
  • the induction loops are protected from damage and deformation by the tube 26.
  • the tube 26 can be embedded or sunk into the ground with the horizontal tube axis transverse to the carriageway.

Abstract

Bei einem Rennen ist jeder Teilnehmer mit einem Sender ausgestattet. Am Ziel sind zwei Empfangsantennen (10, 11) installiert, die beim Passieren der Zellinie auf das Feld des betreffenden Senders reagieren und eine genaue Ermittlung des Zieldurchgangs ermöglichen. Die beiden Empfangsantennen (10, 11) sind mit rechtwinklig zueinander verlaufenden Richtempfindlichkeiten angeordnet, wobei die eine auf horizontale und die andere auf vertikale Felder reagiert. Ein Zieldurchgangssignal (25) wird erzeugt, wenn das Signal der einen Empfangsantenne (10) oberhalb eines hohen ersten Schwellwertes (20) und das Signal der anderen Empfangsantenne (11) unterhalb eines niedrigen zweiten Schwellwertes (22) liegt.In a race, each participant is equipped with a transmitter. Two receiving antennas (10, 11) are installed at the destination, which react to the field of the transmitter concerned as they pass the cell line and enable an exact determination of the destination passage. The two receiving antennas (10, 11) are arranged with directional sensitivities running at right angles to one another, one responding to horizontal and the other to vertical fields. A target crossing signal (25) is generated when the signal of the one receiving antenna (10) lies above a high first threshold value (20) and the signal of the other receiving antenna (11) lies below a low second threshold value (22).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zur Erfassung des Zieldurchganges von Teilnehmern eines Rennens, bei dem die Teilnehmer jeweils mit einem Sender ausgestattet sind, die mindestens zwei Empfangsantennen am Ziel sowie an die Empfangsantennen angeschlossene Empfänger aufweist.The invention relates to a device for detecting the finish of participants of a race, in which the participants are each equipped with a transmitter that has at least two receiving antennas at the destination and receivers connected to the receiving antennas.

Die Methoden der elektronischen Zeitmessung erlauben eine sehr genaue Bestimmung von Wettkampfzeiten. Kritisch ist jedoch in vielen Fällen die genaue Erfassung des Zeitpunktes des Zieldurchganges. Der Einsatz einer Lichtschranke, die entlang der Ziellinie verläuft, liefert bei nahezu gleichzeitigem Durchgang mehrerer Teilnehmer lediglich eine Aussage über den Zieldurchgang des ersten Teilnehmers, wenn die Teilnehmer in dichter Folge ins Ziel einlaufen. Werden dagegen Lichtschranken senkrecht zur Rennbahn installiert, so ist am Ziel der Aufbau einer die Rennstrecke überspannenden Brücke erforderlich. Bei Autorennen stellt eine solche Brücke eine Gefähr--dung der Teilnehmer und eine Sichtbehinderung der Zuschauern dar. Lichtschranken haben darüberhinaus den Nachteil, daß die Lichtsender oder die Lichtempfänger verschmutzten können und daß Manipulationen und Störungen seitens Dritter zu befürchten sind.The methods of electronic time measurement allow a very precise determination of competition times. In many cases, however, it is critical to record the exact time of the crossing of the target. The use of a light barrier that runs along the finish line only provides information about the passage of the first participant when several participants pass almost simultaneously, if the participants arrive at the finish line in close succession. If, on the other hand, light barriers are installed perpendicular to the racetrack, it is necessary to build a bridge spanning the racetrack at the finish. In car racing, such a bridge poses a risk to the participants and obscures the view of the spectators. Furthermore, light barriers have the disadvantage that the light transmitters or the light receivers can become dirty and that manipulations and disturbances on the part of third parties are to be feared.

Es ist ein Wettkampfzeitnahme- und Anzeigesystem bekannt (DE-OS 21 41 001), bei dem im Boden der Rennbahn an der Ziellinie zwei Empfangsantennen angeordnet sind, die aus nebeneinanderliegenden Leiterschleifen bestehen, welche bei einem Autorennen von den Teilnehmern nacheinander überfahren werden. Jeder der Teilnehmer ist mit einem Sender ausgestattet, der eine selektive Kennung aussendet und an die Empfangsantennen sind Empfänger angeschlossen, die selektiv auf die Kennungen der-Sender abgestimmt sind. Die Sender erzeugen beim Überfahren der Empfangsantennen in diesen Signale, die ausgewertet werden und nicht nur zur Feststellung des Zieldurchganges, sondern auch zur Identifizierung des betreffenden Teilnehmers führen. Die beim Überfahren in den beiden Antennen nacheinander erzeugten Signale werden summiert.Durch die Summierung entsteht ein Gesamt-Signalverlauf mit drei zeitlich aufeinanderfolgenden Spannungsspitzen. Die Auswertung bzw. Erkennung eines solchen Signalverlaufs mit elektronischen Mitteln zur exakten Bestimmung des Zieldurchganges ist jedoch schwierig. Zwar erzeugt der Sender eines jeden Rennwagens an den Antennen etwa den gleichen zeitlichen Spannungsverlauf, jedoch können die Amplituden der Kurven bei verschiedenen Zieldurchgängen stark voneinander abweichen. Dies kann beispielsweise daran liegen, daß die Sendeleistungen der einzelnen Sender unterschiedlich sind oder daran, daß die Sender unterschiedliche Abstände von der Fahrbahn haben. Wenn das Zieldurchgangssignal erst erzeugt wird, nachdem eine ordnungsgemäße Folge von drei Spannungsspitzen an den Empfangsantennen festgestellt wurde, dann hat der Rennwagen die Ziellinie bereits passiert, so daß der angezeigte Zeitpunkt des Zieldurchgangs nicht genau mit dem tatsächlichen Zieldurchgang übereinstimmt.A competition timekeeping and display system is known (DE-OS 21 41 001), in which two receiving antennas are arranged at the finish line in the floor of the racetrack, which consist of adjacent conductor loops which are successively run over by the participants in a car race. Each of the participants is equipped with a transmitter that is selective Transmitter sends out and receivers are connected to the receiving antennas, which are selectively matched to the identifiers of the transmitter. When the receiving antennas are passed over, the transmitters generate signals in these which are evaluated and not only lead to the determination of the passage of the finish but also to the identification of the subscriber concerned. The signals generated one after the other in the two antennas are summed up, resulting in an overall signal curve with three successive voltage peaks. However, the evaluation or detection of such a signal curve using electronic means for the exact determination of the target passage is difficult. Although the transmitter of every racing car generates approximately the same voltage curve over time on the antennas, the amplitudes of the curves can differ greatly from one another at different finishings. This can be due, for example, to the fact that the transmission powers of the individual transmitters are different, or to the fact that the transmitters are at different distances from the road. If the finish crossing signal is only generated after a proper sequence of three voltage peaks has been detected on the receiving antennas, then the racing car has already passed the finish line so that the indicated timing of the finish crossing does not exactly match the actual finish crossing.

Das bekannte Antennensystem ist darüber hinaus empfindlich gegenüber absichtlich erzeugten Störungen. So ist es beispielsweise möglich, in der_Nähe des Antennensystems einen Sender aufzustellen, der einen Signalverlauf mit drei Spannungsspitzen gemäß Figur 5 erzeugt, um einen Zieldurchgang zu simulieren. Das Empfangssystem würde auch auf einen solchen stationären.Sender ansprechen, da es lediglich den Gesamtspannungsverlauf an allen drei Antennen gemeinsam analysiert, aber nicht prüft, ob die Spannungsmaxima an den einzelnen Antennen nacheinander auftreten. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Einrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die eine sehr schnelle und somit exakte Ermittlung des Zieldurchgangs ermöglicht und gegen Nah- und Fernstörungen dadurch unempfindlich ist, daß sie nur auf.bewegte Sender anspricht, nicht aber auf stationäre Sender.The known antenna system is also sensitive to deliberately generated interference. For example, it is possible to set up a transmitter in the vicinity of the antenna system, which generates a signal curve with three voltage peaks according to FIG. 5 in order to simulate a target crossing. The receiving system would respond to such a stationären.Sender as it g only the Gesamtspannun sverlauf analyzed together on all three antennas, but does not check whether the voltage maxima occur at the individual antennas in turn. The object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned, which enables a very fast and therefore exact determination of the finish and is insensitive to short and long-distance interference in that it only responds to moving transmitters, but not to stationary transmitters .

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, daß die zwei Empfangsantennen mit im wesentlichen rechtwinklig zueinander verlaufender Richtempfindlichkeit angeordnet sind, und daß ein.Zieldurchgangssignal erzeugt wird, wenn das Signal der einen Empfangsantenne oberhalb eines hohen ersten Schwellwertes und das Signal der anderen Empfangsantenne unterhalb eines niedrigen zweiten Schwellwertes liegt.To achieve this object, it is provided according to the invention that the two receiving antennas are arranged with directional sensitivity running essentially at right angles to one another, and that a target crossing signal is generated when the signal of one receiving antenna is above a high first threshold value and the signal of the other receiving antenna is below a low one second threshold.

Das Signal der ersten Empfangsantenne steigt bei Annäherung eines Senders an die Empfangsantenne langsam an, erreicht sein Maximum, wenn der Sender den geringsten Abstand von der Empfangsantenne erreicht hat und klingt danach wieder ab. In der Nähe des Zieldurchganges vor und hinter dem Ziel übersteigt der Signalpegel der ersten Empfangsantenne den ersten Schwellwert. Dieser Bereich ist relativ groß und für eine genaue Bestimmung des Zieldurchgangs nicht.ausreichend. Die genaue Bestimmung des Zieldurchgangs erfolgt durch die zweite Empfangsantenne, deren Hauptempfangsrichtung rechtwinklig zu derjenigen der ersten Empfangsantenne verläuft. Das Signal, das der Sender eines sich dem Ziel nähernden Teilnehmers an der zweiten Empfangsantenne erzeugt, steigt mit zunehmender Annäherung an, fällt jedoch kurz vor Erreichen des Zieles scharf auf Null ab und steigt nach dem Überschreiten des Zieles ebenso.scharf wieder an, um anschließend abzuklingen. Der plötzliche Abfall dieses Signals während des Zieldurchgangs wird zur genauen Bestimmung des Zeitpunktes des Erreichens des Zieles benutzt. Die Auswertung der Signale der beiden Empfangsantennen ist mit einfachen technischen Mitteln durchführbar. Hierzu benötigt man lediglich zwei Schwellwertschalter, um festzustellen, ob die beiden Voraussetzungen der UND-Bedingung erfüllt sind.The signal of the first receiving antenna rises slowly when a transmitter approaches the receiving antenna, reaches its maximum when the transmitter has reached the smallest distance from the receiving antenna and then decays again. In the vicinity of the target crossing in front of and behind the target, the signal level of the first receiving antenna exceeds the first threshold. This area is relatively large and is not sufficient for an accurate determination of the target passage. The exact destination is determined by the second receiving antenna, the main receiving direction of which is perpendicular to that of the first receiving antenna. The signal that the transmitter of a subscriber approaching the target generates on the second receiving antenna rises with increasing proximity, but drops sharply to zero shortly before reaching the target and rises sharply again after crossing the target and then again to subside. The sudden drop in this signal during the passage of the target is used to accurately determine when the target has been reached. The signals of the two receiving antennas can be evaluated using simple technical means. All you need is two threshold switches to determine whether the two conditions of the AND condition are met.

Vorzugsweise sind die Empfangsantennen Induktionsschleifen, von denen die eine in einer im wesentlichen horizontalen Ebene und die andere in einer im wesentlichen vertikalen Ebene angeordnet ist. Die Ebenen der Induktionsschleifen können einander jeweils in der Schleifenmitte kreuzen.Preferably, the receiving antennas are induction loops, one of which is arranged in a substantially horizontal plane and the other in a substantially vertical plane. The levels of the induction loops can cross each other in the middle of the loop.

Die Wellenlänge der Sendesignale sollte groß gegen die Länge der Schleifen sein, um stehende Wellen an den Induktionsschleifen zu vermeiden.The wavelength of the transmission signals should be large compared to the length of the loops in order to avoid standing waves on the induction loops.

Die Kennungen der einzelnen Sender bestehen darin, daß jeder Sender eine selektive Frequenz aussendet, auf die die betreffenden Empfänger der Meßeinrichtung abgestimmt sind. Diese Abstimmung kann mit quarzgesteuerten Oszillatoren erfolgen. Durch unterschiedliche Modulationen einer einzigen Sendefrequenz sind aber auch andere Kennungen möglich.The identifiers of the individual transmitters consist in the fact that each transmitter transmits a selective frequency to which the relevant receivers of the measuring device are tuned. This tuning can be done with crystal controlled oscillators. Different identifications are also possible due to different modulations of a single transmission frequency.

Vorzugsweise sind die Induktionsschleifen im Boden der Rennbahn mit quer zur Bewegungsrichtung der Teilnehmer verlaufenden Hauptachsen versenkt angeordnet. Eine solche Anbringung der Empfangsantennen in oder unter dem Boden .entlang der Ziellinie vermeidet Störungen der Wettkampfteilnehmer und der Zuschauer. Sie ist optisch überhaupt nicht erkennbar und bewirkt eine hohe Genauigkeit. So hat sich ergeben, daß das Vorhandensein eines Senders in einem Bereich von wenigen Winkelgraden, bezogen auf die durch die gemeinsame Achse der Empfangsantennen hindurchgehenden senkrechten Ebene mit Sicherheit festgestellt werden kann. Das Zieldurchgangssignal wird also genau dann erzeugt, wenn der betreffende Sender sich genau über der Zielgraden befindet, unter der die beiden Empfangsantennen verlegt sind.The induction loops are preferably sunk in the floor of the racetrack with main axes running transversely to the direction of movement of the participants. Such an installation of the receiving antennas in or under the floor along the finish line avoids disturbances of the competition participants and the spectators. It is not visually recognizable at all and ensures high accuracy. It has thus been found that the presence of a transmitter can be determined with certainty in a range of a few angular degrees with respect to the vertical plane passing through the common axis of the receiving antennas. The target crossing signal is therefore generated precisely when the transmitter in question is exactly above the target degrees below which the two receiving antennas are laid.

Vorzugsweise sind die Induktionsschleifen an einem gemeinsamen Trägerkörper befestigt. Dieser kann ein Rohr sein. Damit wird die erforderliche Formstabilität der beiden Empfangsantennen erreicht, so daß bei Verlegung im Erdboden keine Deformierungen der Induktionsschleifen auftreten können. Zum Schutz gegen Beschädigungen und Deformierungen können die Drähte der Induktionsschleifen auch an der Innenwand des Rohres befestigt werden.The induction loops are preferably attached to a common carrier body. This can be a pipe. The required dimensional stability of the two receiving antennas is thus achieved, so that no deformations of the induction loops can occur when laid in the ground. To protect against damage and deformation, the wires of the induction loops can also be attached to the inner wall of the tube.

Im folgenden wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert.A preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine Prinzipdarstellung der Induktionsschleifen und der an die Induktiönsschleifen angeschlossenen Auswerteeinrichtung,
  • Figur 2 die Verläufe verschiedener Spannungen im Bereich des Zieldurchgangs-des Senders eines Wettkampfteilnehmers und
  • Figur-3 eine Möglichkeit der Befestigung der Induktionsschleifen an einem Rohr.
Show it:
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic illustration of the induction loops and the evaluation device connected to the induction loops,
  • Figure 2 shows the course of different voltages in the area of the finish of the transmitter of a competitor and
  • Figure 3 shows a way of attaching the induction loops to a pipe.

Die dargestellte Einrichtung eignet sich insbesondere zur Erfassung des Zieldurchgangs bei Autorennen. Hierbei sind an den einzelnen Rennwagen Sender angebracht, die alle unterschiedliche Frequenzen aussenden. Die Sender sind vorzugsweise unter den Bodenblechen der Rennwagen montiert oder in einen Ausschnitt am Bodenblech eingelassen. Ihre Hauptabstrahlungsrichtung ist senkrecht nach unten. Der Rennwagen bildet eine Abschirmung, die verhindert, daß ein größerer Strahlungsanteil nach oben und zu den Seiten hin ausgesendet wird. Infolge der geringen Bodenfreiheit von Rennwagen befinden sich die Sender sehr nahe am Boden, so daß sie mit geringer Sendeleistung auskommen.The device shown is particularly suitable for detecting the passage of the finish in car races. Here, transmitters are attached to the individual racing cars, all of which emit different frequencies. The transmitters are preferably mounted under the floor panels of the racing cars or embedded in a cutout on the floor panel. Their main radiation direction is perpendicular downwards. The racing car forms a shield that prevents a larger proportion of the radiation from being emitted upwards and to the sides. Due to the low ground clearance of racing cars, the transmitters are very close to the ground, so that they manage with low transmission power.

Unterhalb der Ziellinie sind im Boden der Rennbahn die beiden Induktionsschleifen 10, 11 verlegt. In Figur 1 ist die Fahrtrichtung der Rennwagen mit dem Pfeil 12 bezeichnet. Die Hauptrichtungen der Induktionsschleifen 10 und 11 liegen quer .zur Fahrtrichtung 12. Jede Induktionsschleife besteht aus zwei parallelen Leitern 13, 14, die an einem Ende durch einen Verbindungsleiter 15 verbunden sind. Die gegenüberliegenden Enden der Leiter 13, 14 werden an die Auswerteeinrichtung angeschlossen.The two induction loops 10, 11 are laid below the finish line in the floor of the racetrack. In Figure 1, the direction of travel of the racing car is indicated by the arrow 12. The main directions of the induction loops 10 and 11 are transverse to the direction of travel 12. Each induction loop consists of two parallel conductors 13, 14 which are connected at one end by a connecting conductor 15. The opposite ends of the conductors 13, 14 are connected to the evaluation device.

Die Leiter der ersten Induktionsschleife 10 liegen in einer im wesentlichen horizontalen Ebene, während die Leiter der Induktionsschleife 11 in einer im wesentlichen vertikalen Ebene angeordnet sind. Die Ebenen der beiden Indüktionsschleifen kreuzen einander in der Schleifenmitte.The conductors of the first induction loop 10 lie in a substantially horizontal plane, while the conductors of the induction loop 11 are arranged in a substantially vertical plane. The levels of the two induction loops cross each other in the middle of the loop.

Die Enden der horizontalen Induktionsschleife 10 sind an eine Reihe selektiver Empfänger E1 angeschlossen, von denen in Figur 1 nur einer dargestellt ist, und die Enden der vertikalen Induktionsschleife 11 sind an eine' Reihe von frequenzselektiven Empfängern angeschlossen, von denen in Figur 1 ebenfalls nur ein Empfänger E2 dargestellt ist. Jedem Sender bzw. jedem Rennwagen ist ein Empfängerpaar E1, E2 zugeordnet, das auf die Frequenz des betreffenden Senders abgestimmt ist.The ends of the horizontal induction loop 10 are connected to a series of selective receivers E 1 , only one of which is shown in FIG. 1, and the ends of the vertical induction loop 11 are connected to a series of frequency-selective receivers, of which only in FIG. 1 represents a receiver E2 is posed. Each transmitter or each racing car is a Em p ä f n g p he aar E1, E2 assigned, which is tuned to the frequency of the respective transmitter.

In Figur 2 ist der Spannungsverlauf U1 am Ausgang des Empfängers E1 dargestellt, der sich ergibt, wenn der dem betreffenden Empfängerpaar zugeordnet Rennwagen die.Ziellinie überfährt. Man erkennt, daß die Spannung U1 mit zunehmender Annäherung des Rennwagens an die Ziellinie ansteigt, im Zieldurchgang z ihren Maximalwert annimmt und anschließend wieder abklingt. Anhand der Spannung U1 ist der genaue.Zeitpunkt des Zieldurchgangs nicht ohne weiteres zu ermitteln, weil die Kurve im Bereich des Maximums zu flach ist.FIG. 2 shows the voltage curve U 1 at the output of the receiver E 1 , which results when the racing car assigned to the relevant pair of receivers crosses the finish line. It can be seen that the voltage U 1 rises as the racing car approaches the finish line, assumes its maximum value in the finish passage z and then subsides again. On the basis of the voltage U 1 , the exact time of the target crossing cannot be determined easily because the curve is too flat in the area of the maximum.

Der Spannungsverlauf U2 am Ausgang des Empfängers E2 ist in Figur 2b dargestellt. Da die Richtcharakteristik der Induktionsschleife 11 hauptsächlich horizontal ist, hat die Spannung U2 ein erstes Maximum 16, wenn sich der Sender noch vor der Ziellinie befindet,und ein zweites Maximum 17, wenn der Sender bereits hinter der Ziellinie ist. Dazwischen liegt ein starker Einbruch 18, denn wenn der Sender sich genau in der vertikalen Eben der Induktionsschleife 11 befindet, also oberhalb der Ziellinie, wird in der vertikalen Induktionsschleife 11 überhaupt keine Spannung induziert. Die Spannung U2 fällt daher im genauen Zieldurchgang kurzzeitig scharf auf Null ab.The voltage curve U 2 at the output of the receiver E2 is shown in Figure 2b. Since the directional characteristic of the induction loop 11 is mainly horizontal, the voltage U 2 has a first maximum 16 if the transmitter is still in front of the finish line and a second maximum 17 if the transmitter is already behind the finish line. In between there is a sharp dip 18, because if the transmitter is exactly in the vertical plane of the induction loop 11, ie above the target line, no voltage is induced in the vertical induction loop 11 at all. The voltage U 2 therefore drops sharply briefly to zero in the exact target crossing.

Dem Empfänger E1 ist-eine erste Schwellwertschaltung 19 nachgeschaltet. An dieser ist ein relativ hoher Schwellwert 20 eingestellt. Die Schwellwertschaltung 19 gibt ein Ausgangssignal aus, wenn die Spannung U1 den Schwellwert 20 übersteigt. Wie Figur 2a zeigt, ist dies in einer gewissen Zeitspanne vor und nach dem Zieldurchgang z der Fall.A first threshold value circuit 19 is connected downstream of the receiver E 1 . A relatively high threshold value 20 is set at this. The threshold circuit 19 outputs an output signal when the voltage U 1 the threshold worth exceeds 20. As FIG. 2a shows, this is the case in a certain period of time before and after the target passage z.

Die zweite Schwellwertschaltung 21 ist auf einen relativ niedrigen Schwellwert 22 eingestellt (Figur 2b). Sie gibt daher immer dann ein "1-Signal" aus, wenn die Spannung U2 diesen Schwellwert übersteigt. Der Schwellwertschaltung 21 ist ein Inverter 23 nachgeschaltet. Die Ausgangssignaledes Inverters 23'und der ersten Schwellwertschaltung 19 werden einer UND-Schaltung 24 zugeführt. Diese gibt einen Zieldurchgangsimpuls 25 aus, wenn die folgenden beiden Bedingungen erfüllt sind:

  • 1. Die Spannung U1 der ersten Induktionsschleife 10 übersteigt den Schwellwert 20 und
  • 2. die Spannung U2 der zweiten Induktionsschleife 11 liegt unterhalb des niedrigen Schwellwertes 22.
The second threshold circuit 21 is set to a relatively low threshold 22 (FIG. 2b). It therefore always outputs a "1 signal" when the voltage U 2 exceeds this threshold. The threshold circuit 21 is followed by an inverter 23. The outputs of the inverter 23 'and the first threshold circuit 19 are fed to an AND circuit 24. This outputs a target crossing pulse 25 if the following two conditions are met:
  • 1. The voltage U 1 of the first induction loop 10 exceeds the threshold value 20 and
  • 2. The voltage U 2 of the second induction loop 11 is below the low threshold value 22.

Diese beiden Bedingungen sind nur während des genauen Zieldurchgangs z erfüllt.These two conditions are only met during the exact passage z.

Man erkennt, daß die hohe Richtungsempfindlichkeit der vertikalen Induktiönsschleife 11 ausgenutzt wird, um den genauen Zieldurchgang z zu bestimmen, während die erste Induktionsschleife 10 dazu benutzt wird, den größeren Zeitbereich abzugrenzen, in dem ein Zieldurchgangssignal 25 möglich ist.It can be seen that the high directional sensitivity of the vertical induction loop 11 is used to determine the exact target passage z, while the first induction loop 10 is used to delimit the larger time range in which a target passage signal 25 is possible.

Figur 3 zeigt eine Realisierungsform der Induktionsschleifen 10, 11. Diese sind an der Innenwand eines Kunststoffrohres 26 befestigt, und zwar so, daß die beiden Induktionsschleifen 10 und 11 senkrecht zueinander verlaufen. Durch das Rohr 26 sind die Induktionsschleifen .vor Beschädigungen und Verformungen geschützt. Das Rohr 26 kann mit horizontaler Rohrachse quer zur Fahrbahn in den Boden, eingelassen bzw. versenkt werden.Figure 3 shows a realization of the induction loops 10, 11. These are attached to the inner wall of a plastic tube 26, in such a way that the two induction loops 10 and 11 are perpendicular to each other. The induction loops are protected from damage and deformation by the tube 26. The tube 26 can be embedded or sunk into the ground with the horizontal tube axis transverse to the carriageway.

Claims (6)

1. Einrichtung zur Erfassung des Zieldurchganges von Teilnehmern eines Rennens, bei dem die Teilnehmer jeweils mit einem Sender ausgestattet sind, die mindestens zwei Empfangsantennen am Ziel sowie an die Empfangsantennen angeschlossene Empfänger aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet , - daß die zwei Empfangsantennen (10, 11) mit im wesentlichen rechtwinklig zueinander verlaufender Richtempfindlichkeit angeordnet sind, - und daß ein Zieldurchgangssignal (25) erzeugt wird, wenn das Signal (U1) der einen Empfangsantenne (10) oberhalb eines hohen ersten Schwellwertes (20) und das Signal (U2) der anderen Empfangsantenne (11) unterhalb eines niedrigen zweiten Schwellwertes (22) liegt. 1. A device for detecting the finish of participants of a race, in which the participants are each equipped with a transmitter that has at least two receiving antennas at the destination and receivers connected to the receiving antennas, characterized in that - That the two receiving antennas (10, 11) are arranged with directional sensitivity running essentially at right angles to one another, - And that a target crossing signal (25) is generated when the signal (U 1 ) of a receiving antenna (10) above a high first threshold value (20) and the signal (U 2 ) of the other receiving antenna (11) below a low second threshold value (22) lies. 2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Empfangsantennen Induktionsschleifen (10, 11) sind, von denen die eine in einer im wesentlichen horitontalen Ebene und die andere in einer im wesentlichen vertikalen Ebene angeordnet ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving antennas are induction loops (10, 11), one of which is arranged in a substantially horizontal plane and the other in a substantially vertical plane. 3. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Induktionsschleifen (10, 11) einander jeweils in der Schleifenmitte kreuzen.3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the induction loops (10, 11) cross each other in the middle of the loop. 4. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Induktionsschleifen (10, 11) im Boden der Rennbahn mit quer zur Bewegungsrichtung der Teilnehmer verlaufenden Hauptachsen versenkt angeordnet sind.4. Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the induction loops (10, 11) are arranged sunk in the floor of the racetrack with transverse to the direction of movement of the main axes. 5. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Induktionsschleifen (10, 11) an einem gemeinsamen Trägerkörper befestigt sind.5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the induction loops (10, 11) are attached to a common carrier body. 6. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Trägerkörper ein Rohr (26) ist.6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the carrier body is a tube (26).
EP80100461A 1979-04-07 1980-01-30 Device for detecting the crossing of the finishing line by the competitors in a race Expired EP0016919B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AT80100461T ATE393T1 (en) 1979-04-07 1980-01-30 DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE FINISH PASSING OF PARTICIPANTS IN A RACE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE2914137 1979-04-07
DE2914137A DE2914137C2 (en) 1979-04-07 1979-04-07 Device for recording the finish of participants in a race

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EP0016919A1 true EP0016919A1 (en) 1980-10-15
EP0016919B1 EP0016919B1 (en) 1981-11-11

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EP (1) EP0016919B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE393T1 (en)
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Also Published As

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DE2914137B1 (en) 1980-08-07
ATE393T1 (en) 1981-11-15
DE2914137C2 (en) 1981-03-26
US4315242A (en) 1982-02-09
EP0016919B1 (en) 1981-11-11

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