EP0060392B1 - Coin testing apparatus - Google Patents

Coin testing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0060392B1
EP0060392B1 EP82101043A EP82101043A EP0060392B1 EP 0060392 B1 EP0060392 B1 EP 0060392B1 EP 82101043 A EP82101043 A EP 82101043A EP 82101043 A EP82101043 A EP 82101043A EP 0060392 B1 EP0060392 B1 EP 0060392B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coin
measuring head
measuring
air gap
length
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82101043A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0060392A3 (en
EP0060392A2 (en
Inventor
Reynald Forster
Gernot Schneider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sodeco Saia AG
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Sodeco Saia AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sodeco Saia AG filed Critical Sodeco Saia AG
Priority to AT82101043T priority Critical patent/ATE17060T1/en
Publication of EP0060392A2 publication Critical patent/EP0060392A2/en
Publication of EP0060392A3 publication Critical patent/EP0060392A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0060392B1 publication Critical patent/EP0060392B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D5/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of coins, e.g. for segregating coins which are unacceptable or alien to a currency
    • G07D5/02—Testing the dimensions, e.g. thickness, diameter; Testing the deformation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D5/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of coins, e.g. for segregating coins which are unacceptable or alien to a currency
    • G07D5/005—Testing the surface pattern, e.g. relief

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for checking coins, which contains a measuring and an evaluation device.
  • a testing and sorting device for coins in which the impedance of a winding which is exposed to an alternating current with a suitable frequency changes as soon as a coin is introduced into the inside of the winding .
  • the impedance forms a branch of an alternating current Wheatstone measuring bridge, and the device contains a control system with which the instant or the position of the coin is determined in which or in which the coin check takes place.
  • a reference impedance is used, which consists of a further winding in which a valid coin of known value is arranged in a certain spatial position.
  • the decisive factor for the coin check is therefore the overall effect of the coin on a winding impedance during a short period of the coin movement or when the coin occupies a certain spatial position.
  • a coin testing device in which the coin to be tested rolls down a ramp past three electromagnetic measuring heads, the electrically measured coil inductance values of which are affected by the rolling coins.
  • a measuring head is larger than the largest coin to be checked.
  • the measured inductance values depend on the coin diameter and the surface condition of the coin.
  • An inductance coil is part of an oscillating circuit which oscillates at a frequency of 1 MHz without a coin. The coin influences this oscillation frequency, and the peak frequency caused by it is compared with predetermined, statistically determined limit values.
  • the invention has for its object to refine the measurement methods mentioned and to find a device that determines the authenticity and value of a coin even if the difference between the coin to be tested and another known real coin of a given value or a very good one Counterfeit coin is extremely low.
  • the device should also be able to control the dimensions and the spatial position of a metal thread in a banknote.
  • the length L of the measuring head 3 is z. B. at least twice the width of this measuring head 3.
  • This consists of a cylindrical tube 4 slit parallel to the longitudinal axis made of magnetic material, on which a measuring head coil 5 is wound in the longitudinal direction.
  • the longitudinal axis of the tube 4 and the rolling surface 2 of the coin 1 are arranged parallel to one another.
  • the measuring head coil 5 is arranged on the tube 4 in such a way that the magnetic flux ⁇ generated by it within the tube 4 is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis and circular within a tube cross section, for example counterclockwise the pipe center flows.
  • the lines of magnetic flux of the magnetic flux ⁇ close over the slot of the tube 4 serving as the air gap 6 and are shown in broken lines in FIG. 1b.
  • the distance of the center line of the air gap 6 to the rolling surface 2 can have any value between zero and the coin diameter D.
  • the rolling surface 2 and a sliding plane 7 arranged perpendicular to it and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tube 4 and carrying the measuring head 3 are preferably made of non-metallic material.
  • the coin 1 rolls on the rolling surface 2 along the air gap 6 of the tube 4. Simultaneously and due to the angle of inclination a of the sliding plane 7 with the vertical AB, the dead weight of the coin 1, possibly reinforced by the pressure of a brush not shown, presses the coin 1 against the sliding plane 7, so that the coin 1, in addition to its rolling movement on the rolling surface 2, this sliding plane 7 slides along.
  • the sliding plane 7 is arranged tangentially to the cylindrical tube 4 along the center line of the air gap 6.
  • the dimensions of the e.g. B. rectangular air gap 6 are as constant as possible over the entire length of the tube 4. As shown in FIG. 1c, the air gap 6 can also be designed differently depending on the desired resolution of the surface scanning of the coin 1.
  • a metal plate 8 made of magnetic or non-magnetic material can be arranged in the air gap 6 flush with its outer surface, namely parallel to its longitudinal edges and perpendicular to the magnetic flux ⁇ .
  • the outer surface of the cylindrical tube 4 can be lined with a metal surface 9 made of magnetic or non-magnetic material in the vicinity and on both sides of the air gap 6, but not entirely up to its edges, if necessary in addition to the metal plate 8.
  • the air gap 6 can also be one have a trapezoidal cross-section that widens towards the inside of the pipe. 1c, the measuring head coil 5 has not been shown for reasons of clarity.
  • the length L of the measuring head 3 is less than or equal to the sum of a coin size ⁇ D and a coin diameter D, i.e. ⁇ ( ⁇ + 1) - D selected.
  • the distance between the center line of the measuring head 3 or the air gap 6 and the coin center is to be selected so that as many characteristic features of the coin surface as possible are checked and evaluated.
  • the measuring head coil 5 is, as can be seen from FIG. 2, with an alternating current of a suitable frequency, for. B. 50 kHz, fed.
  • a suitable frequency for. B. 50 kHz
  • the magnetic flux ⁇ in the vicinity of the air gap 6 is determined by the characteristics of the coin 1, e.g. influenced by its surface quality as soon as it moves in the area of the air gap 6.
  • the magnetic flux ⁇ generated in the coin 1 by the alternating current exclusively causes eddy currents, the effect of which on the measuring head coil 5 in turn influences its inductance value.
  • rolling coins of both types has the consequence that the inductance value and the equivalent loss resistance value of the measuring head coil 5, and thus also the constant voltage supply, the electrical voltage across this measuring head coil 5 as a function of the coin characteristics and in particular as a function of the coin surface characteristics, such as B. the embossed image, continuously changes while rolling past.
  • the measuring devices shown in FIG. 2 each consist of the measuring head 3, a signal converter 10, an AC voltage generator 11 and a demodulator 12.
  • the measuring head 3 and the signal converter 10 shown in FIG. 2a form a measuring bridge, in one branch of which the measuring head coil 5 of the measuring head 3 is arranged.
  • a first pole of the measuring head coil 5, a first bridge coil 13 of the signal converter 10 and the AC voltage generator 11 are connected to one another.
  • the second pole of the measuring head coil 5 is located at the input of the demodulator 12 and at a first pole of a series circuit 14 of the signal converter 10, consisting of an adjustable second bridge coil 15 and an adjustable resistor 16.
  • the respective second pole of the AC voltage generator 11, the first bridge coil 13 and the series circuit 14 are interconnected.
  • a center tap of the first bridge coil 13 is connected to ground.
  • the output of the demodulator 12 forms the output of the measuring device.
  • the signal converter 10 of FIG. 2b consists of a single capacitor 17, which together with the measuring head coil 5 results in a series resonant circuit which is fed by the alternating voltage generator 11.
  • the common pole of the measuring head coil 5 and the capacitor 17 is connected to the input of the demodulator 12, while the other pole of the measuring head coil 5 and with it a pole of the AC voltage generator 11 is connected to ground.
  • the output of the demodulator 12 is equal to the output of the measuring device.
  • Both circuits of FIG. 2 have in common that the electrical voltage across the measuring head coil 5 has the same frequency as the current generated by the alternating voltage generator 11 and its amplitude through the variations in the inductance value and the equivalent loss resistance value of the measuring head coil 5 and thus through the characteristics of the coin 1 is modulated.
  • This amplitude-modulated voltage is demodulated in demodulator 12, so that an analog voltage corresponding to these characteristics appears at its output.
  • the block diagram of a test device shown in FIG. 3 contains, in addition to a measuring device already shown in FIG. 2, an evaluation device 20 including the signal converter 10 and the demodulator 12.
  • the output of the demodulator 12 feeds the input of a sample / hold circuit 21 of the evaluation device 20.
  • This also contains an analog / digital converter 22, a measured value memory 23, a reference value memory 24, in which the characteristic of a reference coin is stored, a cross correlator 25, a pulse shaper 26, a time control element 27, an AND gate 28 with m inputs and an electromagnetic switch 29.
  • the analog / digital converter 22 is only required for a digital variant if the two memories 23 and 24 are digital memories, otherwise it can be omitted.
  • the AND gate 28 is designed for m measuring heads 3.
  • the AND gate 28 can be omitted.
  • the output of the sample / hold circuit 21 feeds the digital variant, the analog input of the analog / digital converter 22, while its digital output is connected to the data input of the measured value memory 23.
  • the output of the sample / hold circuit 21 is connected directly to the data input of the measured value memory 23.
  • the output of this memory feeds a first input of the cross-correlator 25 and the output of the reference value memory 24 feeds a second input of the cross-correlator 25, the output of which is connected to the input of the time control element 27 via the pulse shaper 26.
  • a rectangular clock signal “Clock 1” feeds a second input of the time control element 27.
  • the remaining inputs of the AND gate 28 are connected to the outputs of the time control elements 27, which belong to the other measuring heads.
  • the output of the AND gate 28 is in the case of several measuring heads 3 to the input of the electromagnetic switch 29.
  • the electromagnetic switch 29 switches a coin channel (not shown) from a container for rejected coins to a container for accepted coins.
  • the pulse shaper 26 can e.g. a comparator can be used.
  • This is sampled n times by the sample / hold circuit 21, and the n, analog sample values obtained in this way are stored either in the analog variant directly in the then analog measured value memory 23 or in the digital variant after conversion of the analog values into digital values With the aid of the analog / digital converter 22, it is stored in the then digital measured value memory 23.
  • the corresponding analog or digital reference values of a valid coin of known value are stored in the reference value memory 24.
  • the measured values and the reference values are now called up successively and synchronously from the associated memories, the call is repeated periodically with the same period for all measured values or reference values, and the values thus called are fed to the two inputs of the cross-correlator 25 and in them measured values and associated ones Reference values compared with each other.
  • the measured values and the reference values each represent a periodic characteristic of the period T as a function of time.
  • the use of a cross-correlator 25 is also necessary, among other things, because the initial position of the coin 1 with respect to its surface structure when entering the measuring section is arbitrary, not always the same and in the rarest cases is identical to that of the reference coin at the time when the storage of its reference values began.
  • the cross-correlator 25 determines the mathematical short-term cross-correlation function where m (t) the time function of the measured values, r (t- ⁇ ) the time function of the reference values and i an independent variable which contains the delay time caused by the different coin starting positions. If there is a correlation between the reference coin and the coin 1 to be checked, the output signal of the cross-correlator 25 consists of periodic, more or less bell-shaped pulses (FIG. 4f).
  • the pulse shaper 26 If, on the other hand, there is no correlation, either these impulses are missing or their amplitude is significantly weaker. If the pulse amplitude exceeds a certain value S (FIG. 4f), the pulse shaper 26 generates an ideally rectangular pulse for the duration of the exceeding. However, these pulses only appear at the output of the time control element 27 if their time interval is correct, ie if they occur with the period T. The control is done with the help of the rectangular clock signal "Clock 1". These pulses, which are thus typical of a “good” signal, control the electromagnetic switch 29, which switches the coin channel from the container for invalid coins to the container for valid coins.
  • an analyzer can also be used, which, with the aid of e.g. B. a Fourier analysis, special characteristics of the time functions of the measured values and the reference values are determined and compared with one another.
  • measuring heads 3 are used e.g. a number m, each of them requires its own measuring and evaluation device, with the exception of the electromagnetic switch 29, which is common to all measuring heads 3 and is controlled by the outputs of the m time control elements 27 via the AND gate 28. All m measuring heads 3 are e.g. arranged spatially parallel to the rolling surface 2 and all of their air gaps 6 have e.g. a different distance from the coin center. The measuring heads can also be arranged on both sides of the coin channel for checking both coin surfaces. A practical value for m would be e.g. the value 3 for each coin surface.
  • each electromagnetic measuring head is arranged perpendicular to the direction of movement EF of the coin 1 and the length L of these measuring heads is chosen to be less than or equal to the largest coin diameter D.
  • the coin 1 to be checked rolls or slides past each of the measuring heads.
  • the arrangement advantageously consists of a first measuring head 3 and a second measuring head 3a.
  • the two measuring heads 3 and 3a are arranged in parallel in such a way that their two air gaps 6 and 6a face each other on both sides of the coin channel and the coin 1 between the two measuring heads 3 and 3a closely moves or rolls past both air gaps 6 and 6a.
  • This combination of measuring heads is advantageously located directly behind the coin insertion slot C of a coin machine. It also allows an at least approximate diameter measurement when inserting coins of different sizes.
  • the cylindrical tube 4 has been replaced by an elongated plate made of magnetic material, on which the measuring head coil 5 is wound in the longitudinal direction and perpendicular to the surface.
  • the coin 1 rolls e.g. along one of the longitudinal narrow sides 30 of the plate, on which a Hall element 31 of approximately the same length is fastened.
  • the longitudinal center line of the longitudinal narrow side 30 forms the center line of the measuring head 3.
  • the direction of movement of the coin 1 can be perpendicular to the center line of the measuring head 3.
  • the movement can be rolling or sliding.
  • the electromagnetic measuring heads 3 described so far can also be replaced by the optical measuring heads 3 shown in FIG. 7.
  • Each of these optical measuring heads 3 consists of a row of k light guides, preferably of the same cross-section, all of which consist of fiber bundles or individual fibers, one end 32 of which the coin 1 rolls or slides across the light guide direction and the center of which is the center line of the measuring head Form 3, all are arranged flush and parallel in one plane.
  • the other ends of the light guides lie alternately at the output of an optical transmitter 33 or at the input of an optical receiver 34.
  • the number k of light guides and their cross section is to be selected such that the length L of the light guide row is equal to the measuring head lengths indicated for FIG. 1.
  • the number of optical transmitters 33 is approximately equal to the number of optical receivers 34.
  • the light beam transmitted by the optical transmitter 33 is reflected by the rolling or sliding coin 1, its amplitude is modulated as a function of the surface structure of the coin 1 and is fed to the associated optical receiver 34 via the adjacent light guide.
  • the amplitude-modulated optical signal is converted into an amplitude-modulated electrical signal using known converters. As described for FIG. 3, this can then be processed with the aid of a demodulator 12 and evaluated in an evaluation device 20.
  • planar layered waveguides can also be used, such as those e.g. in the journal Naturwissenschaften 67, 1980, on pages 347 to 351.
  • the invention can also be used to check the position and dimensions of the metal thread in banknotes.
  • a suitable means of transport e.g. a conveyor belt is provided for transporting the banknotes along the measuring heads 3.
  • the banknote is advantageously moved perpendicular to the direction of the metal thread and the longitudinal axis of the measuring head 3 is arranged parallel to this metal thread.
  • multiple measuring heads e.g. their longitudinal axes are aligned in a line.

Abstract

1. Apparatus for testing rolling or sliding coins (1), which includes a measuring and evaluating means (20), characterised in that the measuring means has an elongate measuring head (3) which is narrow relative to the coin diameter (D) and whose longitudinal axis is arranged perpendicularly or parallel to the direction of movement of the coin (1) and whose length (L) a) is smaller than or equal to the sum of the coin diameter (D) and the coin circumference (pi D), when the longitudinal axis is disposed parallel to the direction of movement of the coin (1) and the coin (1) rolls along the measuring head, or b) is smaller than or equal to the largest coin diameter (D) when the longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the coin (1), and that in addition a cross correlator (25) or an analyser is arranged in the evaluation means (20) for comparing the measurement values which are obtained while the coin (1) to be tested is rolling or sliding past the measuring head (3), with stored reference values of a valid coin of known value.

Description

Anwendungsgebiet und ZweckArea of application and purpose

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Prüfen von Münzen, die eine Mess- und eine Auswerteeinrichtung enthält.The invention relates to a device for checking coins, which contains a measuring and an evaluation device.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Wie in der DE-B 1 474 736 beschrieben, ist eine Prüf- und SortiervorrichtLng für Münzen bekannt, in welcher die Impedanz einer Wicklung, die einem Wechselstrom mit geeigneter Frequenz ausgesetzt ist, sich ändert, sobald in das Innere der Wicklung eine Münze eingebracht wird. Die Impedanz bildet einen Zweig einer Wechselstrom-Wheatstone-Messbrücke, und die Vorrichtung enthält ein Regelsystem, mit welchem der Augenblick bzw. die Position der Münze festgestellt wird, in dem bzw. in der die Münzprüfung stattfindet. In einem weiteren Zweig der Wechselstrom-Wheatstone-Messbrücke wird unter anderem eine Referenzimpedanz verwendet, die aus einer weiteren Wicklung besteht, in der eine gültige Münze bekannten Wertes in einer bestimmten räumlichen Lage angeordnet ist.As described in DE-B 1 474 736, a testing and sorting device for coins is known in which the impedance of a winding which is exposed to an alternating current with a suitable frequency changes as soon as a coin is introduced into the inside of the winding . The impedance forms a branch of an alternating current Wheatstone measuring bridge, and the device contains a control system with which the instant or the position of the coin is determined in which or in which the coin check takes place. In another branch of the AC Wheatstone measuring bridge, a reference impedance is used, which consists of a further winding in which a valid coin of known value is arranged in a certain spatial position.

Massgebend für die Münzprüfung ist somit die Gesamtwirkung der Münze auf eine Wicklungsimpedanz während eines kurzen Zeitraumes der Münzbewegung oder wenn die Münze eine bestimmte räumliche Position einnimmt.The decisive factor for the coin check is therefore the overall effect of the coin on a winding impedance during a short period of the coin movement or when the coin occupies a certain spatial position.

Ferner ist aus «Design Evolution», Mars Money Systems, April 1978, zweite Seite, mittlere Spalte, Zeilen 10 bis 54 eine Münzprüfeinrichtung bekannt, in welcher die zu prüfende Münze eine Rampe hinunter an drei elektromagnetischen Messköpfen vorbeirollt, deren elektrisch gemessene Spulen-Induktivitätswerte durch die vorbeirollenden Münzen beeinflusst werden. Ein Messkopf ist grösser als die grösste zu prüfende Münze. Die gemessenen Induktivitätswerte sind abhängig vom Münzdurchmesser und der Oberflächenbeschaffenheit der Münze. Eine Induktivitätsspule ist Teil eines Schwingkreises, welcher ohne Münze auf einer Frequenz von 1 MHz schwingt. Die Münze beeinflusst diese Schwingfrequenz, und die durch sie verursachte Spitzenfrequenz wird mit vorgegebenen, statistisch ermittelten Grenzwerten verglichen.Furthermore, from "Design Evolution", Mars Money Systems, April 1978, second page, middle column, lines 10 to 54, a coin testing device is known, in which the coin to be tested rolls down a ramp past three electromagnetic measuring heads, the electrically measured coil inductance values of which are affected by the rolling coins. A measuring head is larger than the largest coin to be checked. The measured inductance values depend on the coin diameter and the surface condition of the coin. An inductance coil is part of an oscillating circuit which oscillates at a frequency of 1 MHz without a coin. The coin influences this oscillation frequency, and the peak frequency caused by it is compared with predetermined, statistically determined limit values.

Aufgabe und LösungTask and solution

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die genannten Messmethoden zu verfeinern und eine Vorrichtung zu finden, die die Echtheit und den Wert einer Münze auch dann ermittelt, wenn der Unterschied zwischen der zu prüfenden Münze und einer anderen bekannten echten Münze gegebenen Wertes oder einer sehr guten Falschmünze äusserst gering ist.The invention has for its object to refine the measurement methods mentioned and to find a device that determines the authenticity and value of a coin even if the difference between the coin to be tested and another known real coin of a given value or a very good one Counterfeit coin is extremely low.

Ebenfalls sollen mit der Vorrichtung auch die Abmessungen und die räumliche Lage eines Metallfadens in einer Banknote kontrolliert werden können.The device should also be able to control the dimensions and the spatial position of a metal thread in a banknote.

Die genannte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch die im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Beschreibungdescription

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below.

Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 einen rohrförmigen elektromagnetischen Messkopf,
  • Fig. 2 Messeinrichtungen zum Prüfen von Münzen oder von Metallfäden in Banknoten,
  • Fig. 3 ein Blockschaltbild einer Prüfvorrichtung,
  • Fig. 4 Kennlinien verschiedener Signale der Prüfvorrichtung,
  • Fig. 5 elektromagnetische Messköpfe mit senkrecht zur Münzbewegung stehenden Längsachsen,
  • Fig. 6 einen Messkopf mit einem Hallelement und
  • Fig. 7 einen optischen Messkopf.
It shows:
  • 1 shows a tubular electromagnetic measuring head,
  • 2 measuring devices for checking coins or metal threads in banknotes,
  • 3 is a block diagram of a test device,
  • 4 characteristic curves of different signals of the test device,
  • 5 electromagnetic measuring heads with longitudinal axes perpendicular to the movement of the coin,
  • 6 shows a measuring head with a Hall element and
  • 7 shows an optical measuring head.

Gleiche Bezugszahlen bezeichnen in allen Figuren der Zeichnung gleiche Teile.The same reference numerals designate the same parts in all figures of the drawing.

Beschreibung der Fig. 1Description of Fig. 1st

In der Fig. 1a ist angedeutet, dass eine zu prüfende Münze 1 in einem nicht näher dargestellten Münzkanal auf einer Rollfläche 2 entlang einem länglichen und gegenüber dem Münzdurchmesser D schmalen, elektromagnetischen Messkopf 3 der Länge L in Pfeilrichtung rollt. Die Länge L des Messkopfes 3 beträgt z. B. mindestens das zweifache der Breite dieses Messkopfes 3. Dieser besteht aus einem parallel zur Längsachse aufgeschlitzten zylindrischen Rohr 4 aus magnetischem Material, auf das in Längsrichtung eine Messkopfspule 5 gewickelt ist. Die Längsachse des Rohres 4 und die Rollfläche 2 der Münze 1 sind parallel zueinander angeordnet.1 a indicates that a coin 1 to be checked rolls in a coin channel (not shown in more detail) on a rolling surface 2 along an elongated electromagnetic measuring head 3 of length L that is narrow compared to the coin diameter D in the direction of the arrow. The length L of the measuring head 3 is z. B. at least twice the width of this measuring head 3. This consists of a cylindrical tube 4 slit parallel to the longitudinal axis made of magnetic material, on which a measuring head coil 5 is wound in the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal axis of the tube 4 and the rolling surface 2 of the coin 1 are arranged parallel to one another.

Die Fig. 1b zeigt einen Querschnitt des Messkopfes 3 und der Münze 1. Die Messkopfspule 5 ist so auf dem Rohr 4 angeordnet, dass der durch sie erzeugte Magnetfluss Φ innerhalb des Rohres 4 senkrecht zu dessen Längsachse und innerhalb eines Rohrquerschnittes kreisförmig z.B. im Gegenuhrzeigersinn um das Rohrzentrum fliesst. Die Magnetflusslinien des Magnetflusses Φ schliessen sich über den als Luftspalt 6 dienenden Schlitz des Rohres 4 und sind in der Fig. 1b gestrichelt dargestellt. Der Abstand der Mittellinie des Luftspalts 6 zur Rollfläche 2 kann einen beliebigen Wert zwischen Null und dem Münzdurchmesser D haben. Die Rollfläche 2 und eine zu ihr senkrecht und zur Längsrichtung des Rohres 4 parallel angeordnete, den Messkopf 3 tragende Gleitebene 7 sind vorzugsweise aus nichtmetallischem Material hergestellt. Die Münze 1 rollt auf der Rollfläche 2 dem Luftspalt 6 des Rohres 4 entlang. Gleichzeitig und bedingt durch den Neigungswinkel a der Gleitebene 7 mit der Vertikalen AB drückt das Eigengewicht der Münze 1, eventuell verstärkt durch den Druck einer nicht gezeichneten Bürste, die Münze 1 gegen die Gleitebene 7, so dass die Münze 1, zusätzlich zu ihrer rollenden Bewegung auf der Rollfläche 2, noch dieser Gleitebene 7 entlanggleitet. Die Gleitebene 7 ist tangential zum zylindrischen Rohr 4 entlang der Mittellinie des Luftspalts 6 angeordnet. Die Abmessungen des z. B. rechteckförmigen Luftspalts 6 sind über die gesamte Länge des Rohres 4 möglichst konstant. Wie in der Fig. 1c dargestellt, kann der Luftspalt 6 je nach der gewünschten Auflösung der Oberflächenabtastung der Münze 1 auch anders gestaltet sein. Z.B. kann ein Metallplättchen 8 aus magnetischem oder nichtmagnetischem Material, dessen Länge der Luftspaltlänge entspricht und dessen Breite grösser als die Luftspaltbreite ist, im Luftspalt 6 bündig zu dessen Aussenfläche angeordnet sein, und zwar parallel zu dessen Längskanten und senkrecht zum Magnetfluss Φ. Die äussere Fläche des zylindrischen Rohres 4 kann in der Nähe und beidseitig des Luftspalts 6, aber nicht ganz bis zu dessen Kanten, mit einer Metallfläche 9 aus magnetischem oder nichtmagnetischem Material verkleidet sein, allenfalls zusätzlich zu dem Metallplättchen 8. Auch kann der Luftspalt 6 einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt besitzen, der sich in Richtung des Rohrinnern erweitert. In der Fig. 1c wurde aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit die Messkopfspule 5 nicht dargestellt.1b shows a cross section of the measuring head 3 and the coin 1. The measuring head coil 5 is arranged on the tube 4 in such a way that the magnetic flux Φ generated by it within the tube 4 is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis and circular within a tube cross section, for example counterclockwise the pipe center flows. The lines of magnetic flux of the magnetic flux Φ close over the slot of the tube 4 serving as the air gap 6 and are shown in broken lines in FIG. 1b. The distance of the center line of the air gap 6 to the rolling surface 2 can have any value between zero and the coin diameter D. The rolling surface 2 and a sliding plane 7 arranged perpendicular to it and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tube 4 and carrying the measuring head 3 are preferably made of non-metallic material. The coin 1 rolls on the rolling surface 2 along the air gap 6 of the tube 4. Simultaneously and due to the angle of inclination a of the sliding plane 7 with the vertical AB, the dead weight of the coin 1, possibly reinforced by the pressure of a brush not shown, presses the coin 1 against the sliding plane 7, so that the coin 1, in addition to its rolling movement on the rolling surface 2, this sliding plane 7 slides along. The sliding plane 7 is arranged tangentially to the cylindrical tube 4 along the center line of the air gap 6. The dimensions of the e.g. B. rectangular air gap 6 are as constant as possible over the entire length of the tube 4. As shown in FIG. 1c, the air gap 6 can also be designed differently depending on the desired resolution of the surface scanning of the coin 1. For example, a metal plate 8 made of magnetic or non-magnetic material, the length of which corresponds to the length of the air gap and the width of which is greater than the width of the air gap, can be arranged in the air gap 6 flush with its outer surface, namely parallel to its longitudinal edges and perpendicular to the magnetic flux Φ. The outer surface of the cylindrical tube 4 can be lined with a metal surface 9 made of magnetic or non-magnetic material in the vicinity and on both sides of the air gap 6, but not entirely up to its edges, if necessary in addition to the metal plate 8. The air gap 6 can also be one have a trapezoidal cross-section that widens towards the inside of the pipe. 1c, the measuring head coil 5 has not been shown for reasons of clarity.

Vorteilhafterweise wird die Länge L des Messkopfes 3 kleiner oder gleich der Summe aus einem Münzumfang πD und einem Münzdurchmesser D, d.h. < (π + 1) - D gewählt. Der Abstand zwischen Mittellinie des Messkopfes 3 bzw. des Luftspalts 6 und dem Münzzentrum ist so zu wählen, dass möglichst viele charakteristische Merkmale der Münzoberfläche geprüft und ausgewertet werden.Advantageously, the length L of the measuring head 3 is less than or equal to the sum of a coin size πD and a coin diameter D, i.e. <(π + 1) - D selected. The distance between the center line of the measuring head 3 or the air gap 6 and the coin center is to be selected so that as many characteristic features of the coin surface as possible are checked and evaluated.

Die Messkopfspule 5 wird, wie aus der Fig. 2 ersichtlich, mit einem Wechselstrom geeigneter Frequenz, z. B. 50 kHz, gespeist. Falls die Münze 1 aus magnetischem Material besteht, wird der Magnetfluss Φ in der Nähe des Luftspalts 6 durch die Kenndaten der Münze 1, z.B. durch ihre Oberflächenbeschaffenheit beeinflusst, sobald sie sich im Bereich des Luftspalts 6 bewegt. Zusätzlich oder, falls die Münze 1 aus nichtmagnetischem Material hergestellt wurde, ausschliesslich bewirkt der durch den Wechselstrom erzeugte Magnetfluss Φ in der Münze 1 Wirbelströme, deren Rückwirkung auf die Messkopfspule 5 wiederum deren Induktivitätswert beeinflusst. Mit anderen Worten, das Vorbeirollen von Münzen beider Arten hat zur Folge, dass sich der Induktivitätswert sowie der äquivalente Verlustwiderstandswert der Messkopfspule 5 und damit auch bei Konstantstromspeisung die elektrische Spannung über dieser Messkopfspule 5 in Abhängigkeit der Münzkenndaten und insbesondere in Abhängigkeit der Münzoberflächen-Kenndaten, wie z. B. des Prägebildes, während des Vorbeirollens fortlaufend ändert.The measuring head coil 5 is, as can be seen from FIG. 2, with an alternating current of a suitable frequency, for. B. 50 kHz, fed. If the coin 1 is made of magnetic material, the magnetic flux Φ in the vicinity of the air gap 6 is determined by the characteristics of the coin 1, e.g. influenced by its surface quality as soon as it moves in the area of the air gap 6. In addition or, if the coin 1 was produced from non-magnetic material, the magnetic flux Φ generated in the coin 1 by the alternating current exclusively causes eddy currents, the effect of which on the measuring head coil 5 in turn influences its inductance value. In other words, rolling coins of both types has the consequence that the inductance value and the equivalent loss resistance value of the measuring head coil 5, and thus also the constant voltage supply, the electrical voltage across this measuring head coil 5 as a function of the coin characteristics and in particular as a function of the coin surface characteristics, such as B. the embossed image, continuously changes while rolling past.

Beschreibung der Fig. 2Description of Fig. 2nd

Die in der Fig. 2 dargestellten Messeinrichtungen bestehen je aus dem Messkopf 3, einem Signalwandler 10, einem Wechselspannungsgenerator 11 und einem Demodulator 12. Der Messkopf 3 und der in der Fig. 2a dargestellte Signalwandler 10 bilden eine Messbrücke, in deren einem Zweig die Messkopfspule 5 des Messkopfes 3 angeordnet ist. Je ein erster Pol der Messkopfspule 5, einer ersten Brückenspule 13 des Signalwandlers 10 und des Wechselspannungsgenerators 11 sind miteinander verbunden. Der zweite Pol der Messkopfspule 5 liegt am Eingang des Demodulators 12 und an einem ersten Pol einer Reihenschaltung 14 des Signalwandlers 10, bestehend aus einer einstellbaren zweiten Brückenspule 15 und einem einstellbaren Widerstand 16. Der jeweils zweite Pol des Wechselspannungsgenerators 11, der ersten Brückenspule 13 und der Reihenschaltung 14 sind miteinander verbunden. Eine Mittelpunktanzapfung der ersten Brückenspule 13 liegt an Masse. Der Ausgang des Demodulators 12 bildet den Ausgang des Messeinrichtung.The measuring devices shown in FIG. 2 each consist of the measuring head 3, a signal converter 10, an AC voltage generator 11 and a demodulator 12. The measuring head 3 and the signal converter 10 shown in FIG. 2a form a measuring bridge, in one branch of which the measuring head coil 5 of the measuring head 3 is arranged. A first pole of the measuring head coil 5, a first bridge coil 13 of the signal converter 10 and the AC voltage generator 11 are connected to one another. The second pole of the measuring head coil 5 is located at the input of the demodulator 12 and at a first pole of a series circuit 14 of the signal converter 10, consisting of an adjustable second bridge coil 15 and an adjustable resistor 16. The respective second pole of the AC voltage generator 11, the first bridge coil 13 and the series circuit 14 are interconnected. A center tap of the first bridge coil 13 is connected to ground. The output of the demodulator 12 forms the output of the measuring device.

Der Signalwandler 10 der Fig. 2b besteht aus einem einzigen Kondensator 17, der zusammen mit der Messkopfspule 5 einen Reihenresonanzkreis ergibt, welcher vom Wechselspannungsgenerator 11 gespeist wird. Der gemeinsame Pol der Messkopfspule 5 und des Kondensators 17 ist auf den Eingang des Demodulators 12 geschaltet, während der andere Pol der Messkopfspule 5 und mit ihm ein Pol des Wechselspannungsgenerators 11 an Masse liegt. Auch hier ist der Ausgang des Demodulators 12 gleich dem Ausgang der Messeinrichtung.The signal converter 10 of FIG. 2b consists of a single capacitor 17, which together with the measuring head coil 5 results in a series resonant circuit which is fed by the alternating voltage generator 11. The common pole of the measuring head coil 5 and the capacitor 17 is connected to the input of the demodulator 12, while the other pole of the measuring head coil 5 and with it a pole of the AC voltage generator 11 is connected to ground. Here, too, the output of the demodulator 12 is equal to the output of the measuring device.

Die Arbeitsweise der Messbrücke und des Reihenresonanzkreises sind bekannt und werden daher nicht beschrieben. Beiden Schaltungen der Fig. 2 ist gemeinsam, dass die elektrische Spannung über der Messkopfspule 5 die gleiche Frequenz hat wie der vom Wechselspannungsgenerator 11 erzeugte Strom und ihre Amplitude durch die Variationen des Induktivitätswertes sowie des äquivalenten Verlustwiderstandswertes der Messkopfspule 5 und damit durch die Kenndaten der Münze 1 moduliert wird. Diese amplitudenmodulierte Spannung wird im Demodulator 12 demoduliert, so dass an seinem Ausgang eine diesen Kenndaten entsprechende analoge Spannung erscheint.The mode of operation of the measuring bridge and the series resonant circuit are known and are therefore not described. Both circuits of FIG. 2 have in common that the electrical voltage across the measuring head coil 5 has the same frequency as the current generated by the alternating voltage generator 11 and its amplitude through the variations in the inductance value and the equivalent loss resistance value of the measuring head coil 5 and thus through the characteristics of the coin 1 is modulated. This amplitude-modulated voltage is demodulated in demodulator 12, so that an analog voltage corresponding to these characteristics appears at its output.

Beschreibung der Fig. 3 und der Fig. 4Description of FIGS. 3 and 4

Das in der Fig. 3 dargestellte Blockschaltbild einer Prüfvorrichtung enthält neben einer bereits in der Fig. 2 gezeigten Messeinrichtung unter anderem mit dem Signalwandler 10 und dem Demodulator 12 noch eine Auswerteeinrichtung 20. Der Ausgang des Demodulators 12 speist den Eingang einer Abtast/Halte-Schaltung 21 der Auswerteeinrichtung 20. Diese enthält noch zusätzlich einen Analog/Digital-Wandler 22, einen Messwertspeicher 23, einen Referenzwertspeicher 24, in welchem die Kennlinie einer Referenzmünze abgespeichert ist, einen Kreuzkorrelator 25, einen Impulsformer 26, ein Zeitkontrollglied 27, ein Und-Gatter 28 mit m Eingängen und eine elektromagnetische Weiche 29. Der Analog/Digital-Wandler 22 wird nur bei einer Digital-Variante benötigt, wenn die beiden Speicher 23 und 24 Digitalspeicher sind, andernfalls kann er weggelassen werden. Das Und-Gatter 28 ist für m Messköpfe 3 ausgelegt. Wird nur ein Messkopf 3 verwendet, so kann das Und-Gatter 28 weggelassen werden. Der Ausgang der Abtast/Halte-Schaltung 21 speist bei der Digital-Variante den Analog-Eingang des Analog/Digital-Wandlers 22, während dessen Digital-Ausgang auf den Dateneingang des Messwertspeichers 23 geschaltet ist. Bei der Analog-Variante ist der Ausgang der Abtast/Halte-Schaltung 21 direkt mit dem Dateneingang des Messwertspeichers 23 verbunden. Der Ausgang dieses Speichers speist einen ersten Eingang des Kreuzkorrelators 25 und der Ausgang des Referenzwertspeichers 24 einen zweiten Eingang des Kreuzkorrelators 25, während dessen Ausgang über den Impulsformer 26 auf den Eingang des Zeitkontrollgliedes 27 geschaltet ist. Dessen Ausgang liegt im Falle mehrerer Messköpfe 3 auf einem der m Eingänge des Und-Gatters 28 und im Falle eines einzigen Messkopfes 3 direkt auf dem Eingang der elektromagnetischen Weiche 29. Ein rechteckförmiges Taktsignal «Clock 1» speist einen zweiten Eingang des Zeitkontrollgliedes 27.The block diagram of a test device shown in FIG. 3 contains, in addition to a measuring device already shown in FIG. 2, an evaluation device 20 including the signal converter 10 and the demodulator 12. The output of the demodulator 12 feeds the input of a sample / hold circuit 21 of the evaluation device 20. This also contains an analog / digital converter 22, a measured value memory 23, a reference value memory 24, in which the characteristic of a reference coin is stored, a cross correlator 25, a pulse shaper 26, a time control element 27, an AND gate 28 with m inputs and an electromagnetic switch 29. The analog / digital converter 22 is only required for a digital variant if the two memories 23 and 24 are digital memories, otherwise it can be omitted. The AND gate 28 is designed for m measuring heads 3. If only one measuring head 3 is used, the AND gate 28 can be omitted. The output of the sample / hold circuit 21 feeds the digital variant, the analog input of the analog / digital converter 22, while its digital output is connected to the data input of the measured value memory 23. In the analog variant, the output of the sample / hold circuit 21 is connected directly to the data input of the measured value memory 23. The output of this memory feeds a first input of the cross-correlator 25 and the output of the reference value memory 24 feeds a second input of the cross-correlator 25, the output of which is connected to the input of the time control element 27 via the pulse shaper 26. Its output is in the case of several measuring heads 3 on one of the m inputs of the AND gate 28 and in the case of a single measuring head 3 directly on the input of the electromagnetic switch 29. A rectangular clock signal “Clock 1” feeds a second input of the time control element 27.

Die restlichen Eingänge des Und-Gatters 28 sind mit den Ausgängen der Zeitkontrollglieder 27 verbunden, die zu den anderen Messköpfen gehören. Der Ausgang des Und-Gatters 28 ist im Falle mehrerer Messköpfe 3 auf den Eingang der elektromagnetischen Weiche 29 geführt. Die elektromagnetische Weiche 29 schaltet einen nicht gezeichneten Münzkanal um von einem Behälter für zurückgewiesene Münzen auf einen Behälter für angenommene Münzen.The remaining inputs of the AND gate 28 are connected to the outputs of the time control elements 27, which belong to the other measuring heads. The output of the AND gate 28 is in the case of several measuring heads 3 to the input of the electromagnetic switch 29. The electromagnetic switch 29 switches a coin channel (not shown) from a container for rejected coins to a container for accepted coins.

Als Impulsformer 26 kann z.B. ein Komparator verwendet werden.The pulse shaper 26 can e.g. a comparator can be used.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt folgende Kennlinien verschiedener Signale der in der Fig. 3 dargestellten Prüfvorrichtung:

  • Fig. 4a Ein amplitudenmoduliertes Eingangssignal des Demodulators 12.
  • Fig. 4b Das entsprechende demodulierte Ausgangssignal des Demodulators 12.
  • Fig. 4c Die n, zeitdiskreten Abtastwerte am Ausgang der Abtast/Halte-Schaltung 21 des zwischen dem Augenblick t = t, und t = t2 liegenden, hier vor allem interessierenden Teils des demodulierten Ausgangssignals des Demodulators 12.
  • Fig. 4d Eine Periode der während der Zeit T vom Zeitpunkt t = t2 an aus dem Messwertspeicher 23 abgerufenen Messwertkennlinie.
  • Fig. 4e Eine Periode der während der gleichen Zeit T vom Zeitpunkt t = t2 an aus dem Referenzwertspeicher 24 abgerufenen Referenzwertkennlinie.
  • Fig. 4f Eine Periode der Dauer τ = T des Ausgangssignals des Kreuzkorrelators 25 für den Fall einer gültigen, nicht zurückgewiesenen Münze 1.
FIG. 4 shows the following characteristics of various signals of the test device shown in FIG. 3:
  • 4a shows an amplitude-modulated input signal of the demodulator 12.
  • 4b the corresponding demodulated output signal of the demodulator 12.
  • 4c shows the n, time-discrete sample values at the output of the sample / hold circuit 21 of the part of the demodulated output signal of the demodulator 12 lying between the instant t = t and t = t 2 , which is of particular interest here.
  • 4d shows a period of the measured value characteristic curve retrieved from the measured value memory 23 during the time T from the time t = t 2 .
  • 4e shows a period of the reference value characteristic curve called up from the reference value memory 24 during the same time T from the time t = t 2 .
  • 4f shows a period of the duration τ = T of the output signal of the cross-correlator 25 in the case of a valid, not rejected coin 1.

Die Kenndaten-Informationen der zu prüfenden Münze 1 sind, wie bereits erwähnt, in der Amplitude des in der Fig. 4b dargestellten Ausgangssignals des Demodulators 12 enthalten. Nach Ausklammern der nicht interessierenden Übergangsbereiche, verbleibt als auszuwertender Teil dieses Ausgangssignals der Bereich zwischen dem Zeitpunkt t = t, und t = t2. Dieser wird durch die Abtast/Halte-Schaltung 21 n, mal abgetastet, und die so erhaltenen n, analogen Abtastwerte werden entweder bei der Analog-Variante direkt in dem dann analogen Messwertspeicher 23 oder bei der Digital-Variante nach Umwandlung der Analogwerte in Digitalwerte mit Hilfe des Analog/ Digital-Wandlers 22 in dem dann digitalen Messwertspeicher 23 abgespeichert. Die entsprechenden analogen bzw. digitalen Referenzwerte einer gültigen Münze bekannten Wertes sind in dem Referenzwertspeicher 24 abgespeichert. Zeitlich nacheinander und synchron werden nun sowohl die Messwerte als auch die Referenzwerte aus den zugehörigen Speichern abgerufen, die Abrufung periodisch mit für alle Messwerte bzw. Referenzwerte gleicher Periode wiederholt, die so abgerufenen Werte den beiden Eingängen des Kreuzkorrelators 25 zugeführt und in diesem Messwerte und zugehörige Referenzwerte miteinander verglichen. Die Messwerte und die Referenzwerte stellen in Funktion der Zeit je eine periodische Kennlinie der Periode T dar. In diesem Falle ist das Ausgangssignal des Kreuzkorrelators 25 auch periodisch mit der gleichen Periode τ = T. Die Verwendung eines Kreuzkorrelators 25 ist unter anderem auch deshalb erforderlich, weil die Ausgangslage der Münze 1 in Bezug auf ihre Oberflächenstruktur beim Eintritt in die Messstrecke willkürlich, nicht immer gleich und in den seltensten Fällen mit dem der Referenzmünze identisch ist zur Zeit des Beginns der Abspeicherung von deren Referenzwerten. Der Kreuzkorrelator 25 ermittelt die mathematische Kurzzeit-Kreuzkorrelationsfunktion

Figure imgb0001
wobei m(t) die Zeitfunktion der Messwerte, r(t-τ) die Zeitfunktion der Referenzwerte und i eine unabhängige Variable, die die durch die unterschiedlichen Münz-Ausgangslagen bedingte Verzögerungszeit beinhaltet. Existiert eine Korrelation zwischen der Referenzmünze und der zu prüfenden Münze 1, so besteht das Ausgangssignal des Kreuzkorrelators 25 aus periodischen, mehr oder weniger glockenförmigen Impulsen (Fig. 4f). Ist dagegen keine Korrelation vorhanden, so fehlen entweder diese Impulse oder ihre Amplitude istbedeutendschwächer. Überschreitetdie Impulsamplitude einen gewissen Wert S (Fig. 4f), so erzeugt der Impulsformer 26 für die Dauer der Überschreitung einen ideal rechteckförmigen Impuls. Am Ausgang des Zeitkontrollgliedes 27 erscheinen diese Impulse jedoch nur, wenn ihr zeitlicher Abstand korrekt ist, d. h. wenn sie mit der Periode T auftreten. Die Kontrolle geschieht mit Hilfe des rechteckförmigen Taktsignals «Clock 1». Diese somit für ein «Gut»-Signal typischen Impulse steuern die elektromagnetische Weiche 29, welche den Münzkanal umschaltet vom Behälter für ungültige Münzen auf den Behälter für gültige Münzen.As already mentioned, the characteristic data information of the coin 1 to be checked is contained in the amplitude of the output signal of the demodulator 12 shown in FIG. 4b. After excluding the transition areas of no interest, the portion of this output signal to be evaluated remains the area between the time t = t and t = t 2 . This is sampled n times by the sample / hold circuit 21, and the n, analog sample values obtained in this way are stored either in the analog variant directly in the then analog measured value memory 23 or in the digital variant after conversion of the analog values into digital values With the aid of the analog / digital converter 22, it is stored in the then digital measured value memory 23. The corresponding analog or digital reference values of a valid coin of known value are stored in the reference value memory 24. The measured values and the reference values are now called up successively and synchronously from the associated memories, the call is repeated periodically with the same period for all measured values or reference values, and the values thus called are fed to the two inputs of the cross-correlator 25 and in them measured values and associated ones Reference values compared with each other. The measured values and the reference values each represent a periodic characteristic of the period T as a function of time. In this case, the output signal of the cross-correlator 25 is also periodically with the same period τ = T. The use of a cross-correlator 25 is also necessary, among other things, because the initial position of the coin 1 with respect to its surface structure when entering the measuring section is arbitrary, not always the same and in the rarest cases is identical to that of the reference coin at the time when the storage of its reference values began. The cross-correlator 25 determines the mathematical short-term cross-correlation function
Figure imgb0001
 where m (t) the time function of the measured values, r (t-τ) the time function of the reference values and i an independent variable which contains the delay time caused by the different coin starting positions. If there is a correlation between the reference coin and the coin 1 to be checked, the output signal of the cross-correlator 25 consists of periodic, more or less bell-shaped pulses (FIG. 4f). If, on the other hand, there is no correlation, either these impulses are missing or their amplitude is significantly weaker. If the pulse amplitude exceeds a certain value S (FIG. 4f), the pulse shaper 26 generates an ideally rectangular pulse for the duration of the exceeding. However, these pulses only appear at the output of the time control element 27 if their time interval is correct, ie if they occur with the period T. The control is done with the help of the rectangular clock signal "Clock 1". These pulses, which are thus typical of a “good” signal, control the electromagnetic switch 29, which switches the coin channel from the container for invalid coins to the container for valid coins.

Die beiden Zeitpunkte t=t, und t=t2 werden mit Hilfe bekannter, nicht dargestellter Münzfühler ermittelt.The two times t = t and t = t 2 are determined with the help of known coin sensors, not shown.

Statt des Korrelators 25 kann auch ein Analysator verwendet werden, welcher mit Hilfe z. B. einer Fourier-Analyse besondere Merkmale der Zeitfunktionen der Messwerte und der Referenzwerte ermittelt und miteinander vergleicht.Instead of the correlator 25, an analyzer can also be used, which, with the aid of e.g. B. a Fourier analysis, special characteristics of the time functions of the measured values and the reference values are determined and compared with one another.

Werden mehrere Messköpfe 3 verwendet z.B. eine Anzahl m, so benötigt jeder von ihnen seine eigene Mess- und Auswerteeinrichtung mit Ausnahme der elektromagnetischen Weiche 29, welche für alle Messköpfe 3 gemeinsam ist und von den Ausgängen der m Zeitkontrollglieder 27 über das Und-Gatter 28 angesteuert wird. Alle m Messköpfe 3 sind z.B. räumlich parallel zur Rollfläche 2 angeordnet und alle ihre Luftspalte 6 haben zur Erfassung möglichst vieler Münzmerkmale z.B. einen unterschiedlichen Abstand zum Münzzentrum. Auch können die Messköpfe beidseitig des Münzkanals zur Prüfung beider Münzoberflächen angeordnet sein. Ein praktischer Wert für m wäre z.B. der Wert 3 für jede Münzoberfläche.If several measuring heads 3 are used e.g. a number m, each of them requires its own measuring and evaluation device, with the exception of the electromagnetic switch 29, which is common to all measuring heads 3 and is controlled by the outputs of the m time control elements 27 via the AND gate 28. All m measuring heads 3 are e.g. arranged spatially parallel to the rolling surface 2 and all of their air gaps 6 have e.g. a different distance from the coin center. The measuring heads can also be arranged on both sides of the coin channel for checking both coin surfaces. A practical value for m would be e.g. the value 3 for each coin surface.

Beschreibung der Fig. 5Description of FIG. 5

In der Messkopf-Variante der Fig. 5 ist die Längsachse eines jeden elektromagnetischen Messkopfes senkrecht zur Bewegungsrichtung EF der Münze 1 angeordnet und die Länge L dieser Messköpfe kleiner oder gleich dem grössten Münzdurchmesser D gewählt. Die zu prüfende Münze 1 rollt oder gleitet an jedem der Messköpfe vorbei. Vorteilhafterweise besteht die Anordnung aus einem ersten Messkopf 3 und einem zweiten Messkopf 3a. Die beiden Messköpfe 3 und 3a sind parallel so angeordnet, dass ihre beiden Luftspalte 6 und 6a sich beidseitig des Münzkanals gegenüberstehen und die Münze 1 zwischen den beiden Messköpfen 3 und 3a dicht an beiden Luftspalten 6 und 6a federnd vorbeigleitet bzw. -rollt. Diese Messkopf-Kombination befindet sich vorteilhafterweise direkt hinter dem Münz-Einwurfschlitz C eines Münzautomaten. Sie gestattet zusätzlich noch eine zumindest annähernde Durchmesser-Messung beim Einwurf von Münzen unterschiedlicher Grösse.In the measuring head variant of FIG. 5, the longitudinal axis of each electromagnetic measuring head is arranged perpendicular to the direction of movement EF of the coin 1 and the length L of these measuring heads is chosen to be less than or equal to the largest coin diameter D. The coin 1 to be checked rolls or slides past each of the measuring heads. The arrangement advantageously consists of a first measuring head 3 and a second measuring head 3a. The two measuring heads 3 and 3a are arranged in parallel in such a way that their two air gaps 6 and 6a face each other on both sides of the coin channel and the coin 1 between the two measuring heads 3 and 3a closely moves or rolls past both air gaps 6 and 6a. This combination of measuring heads is advantageously located directly behind the coin insertion slot C of a coin machine. It also allows an at least approximate diameter measurement when inserting coins of different sizes.

Beschreibung der Fig. 6Description of FIG. 6

In der Messkopf-Variante der Fig. 6 ist das zylindrische Rohr 4 durch ein längliches Plättchen aus magnetischem Material ersetzt worden, auf welches in Längsrichtung und senkrecht zur Oberfläche die Messkopfspule 5 gewickelt ist. Die Münze 1 rollt z.B. einer der Längsschmalseiten 30 des Plättchens entlang, auf der ein Hallelement 31 annähernd gleicher Länge befestigt ist. Die Längsmittellinie der Längsschmalseite 30 bildet die Mittellinie des Messkopfes 3. Wird der Eingang des Hallelementes 31 z.B. von einem elektrischen Gleichstrom gespeist und wird es senkrecht zu seiner Oberfläche von einem Magnetfeld durchflossen, so ist seine elektrische Ausgangsspannung proportional dem Produkt von Strom und Magnetfeld. Da die zu prüfende Münze 1 das durch die Messkopfspule 5 erzeugte Magnetfeld beeinflusst, enthält die Zeitfunktion der Ausgangsspannung des Hallelementes 31 die von diesem erfassten Kenndaten der Münze 1 und kann mittels einer Auswerteeinrichtung 20 nach Fig. 3 ausgewertet werden.In the measuring head variant of FIG. 6, the cylindrical tube 4 has been replaced by an elongated plate made of magnetic material, on which the measuring head coil 5 is wound in the longitudinal direction and perpendicular to the surface. The coin 1 rolls e.g. along one of the longitudinal narrow sides 30 of the plate, on which a Hall element 31 of approximately the same length is fastened. The longitudinal center line of the longitudinal narrow side 30 forms the center line of the measuring head 3. If the entrance of the Hall element 31 e.g. fed by a direct electrical current and if a magnetic field flows perpendicular to its surface, its electrical output voltage is proportional to the product of the current and the magnetic field. Since the coin 1 to be tested influences the magnetic field generated by the measuring head coil 5, the time function of the output voltage of the Hall element 31 contains the characteristic data of the coin 1 which it has detected and can be evaluated by means of an evaluation device 20 according to FIG. 3.

Auch bei dieser Messkopf-Variante kann die Bewegungsrichtung der Münze 1 senkrecht zur Mittellinie des Messkopfes 3 sein. Die Bewegung kann in diesem Fall rollend oder gleitend sein.In this variant of the measuring head, too, the direction of movement of the coin 1 can be perpendicular to the center line of the measuring head 3. In this case, the movement can be rolling or sliding.

Beschreibung der Fig. 7Description of FIG. 7

Die bisher beschriebenen elektromagnetischen Messköpfe 3 können auch durch die in der Fig. 7 dargestellten optischen Messköpfe 3 ersetzt werden. Jeder dieser optischen Messköpfe 3 besteht aus einer Zeile von k Lichtleitern vorzugsweise gleichen Querschnittes, welche alle aus Faserbündeln oder einzelnen Fasern bestehen, deren eine Enden 32, an denen die Münze 1 quer zur Lichtleiterrichtung vorbeirollt bzw. -gleitet und deren Zentren die Mittellinie des Messkopfes 3 bilden, alle bündig und parallel in einer Ebene angeordnet sind. Die anderen Enden der Lichtleiter liegen abwechselnd am Ausgang eines optischen Senders 33 oder am Eingang eines optischen Empfängers 34. Die Anzahl k Lichtleiter und deren Querschnitt ist so zu wählen, dass die Länge L der Lichtleiterzeile gleich ist den für die Fig. 1 angegebenen Messkopflängen. Die Anzahl optischer Sender 33 ist annähernd gleich der Anzahl optischer Empfänger 34.The electromagnetic measuring heads 3 described so far can also be replaced by the optical measuring heads 3 shown in FIG. 7. Each of these optical measuring heads 3 consists of a row of k light guides, preferably of the same cross-section, all of which consist of fiber bundles or individual fibers, one end 32 of which the coin 1 rolls or slides across the light guide direction and the center of which is the center line of the measuring head Form 3, all are arranged flush and parallel in one plane. The other ends of the light guides lie alternately at the output of an optical transmitter 33 or at the input of an optical receiver 34. The number k of light guides and their cross section is to be selected such that the length L of the light guide row is equal to the measuring head lengths indicated for FIG. 1. The number of optical transmitters 33 is approximately equal to the number of optical receivers 34.

Der durch den optischen Sender 33 gesendete Lichtstrahl wird durch die vorbeirollende bzw. -gleitende Münze 1 reflektiert, seine Amplitude in Abhängigkeit der Oberflächenstruktur der Münze 1 moduliert und über den benachbarten Lichtleiter dem zugehörigen optischen Empfänger 34 zugeführt. In jedem optischen Empfänger 34 wird das amplitudenmodulierte optische Signal mit Hilfe bekannter Wandler in ein amplitudenmoduliertes elektrisches Signal umgewandelt. Dieses kann dann wie für die Fig. 3 beschrieben mit Hilfe eines Demodulators 12 aufbereitet und in einer Auswerteeinrichtung 20 ausgewertet werden.The light beam transmitted by the optical transmitter 33 is reflected by the rolling or sliding coin 1, its amplitude is modulated as a function of the surface structure of the coin 1 and is fed to the associated optical receiver 34 via the adjacent light guide. In each optical receiver 34, the amplitude-modulated optical signal is converted into an amplitude-modulated electrical signal using known converters. As described for FIG. 3, this can then be processed with the aid of a demodulator 12 and evaluated in an evaluation device 20.

An Stelle der normalen zylinderförmigen Lichtleiter können auch planare Schichtwellenleiter verwendet werden, wie sie z.B. in der Zeitschrift Naturwissenschaften 67, 1980, auf Seite 347 bis 351, beschrieben sind.Instead of the normal cylindrical light guides, planar layered waveguides can also be used, such as those e.g. in the journal Naturwissenschaften 67, 1980, on pages 347 to 351.

Weitere VerwendungFurther use

Die Erfindung kann auch zum Prüfen der Lage und der Abmessungen des Metallfadens in Banknoten verwendet werden. In diesem Fall muss allerdings noch zusätzlich ein geeignetes Transportmittel, z.B. ein Transportband, vorgesehen werden zum Transportieren der Banknoten entlang der Messköpfe 3.The invention can also be used to check the position and dimensions of the metal thread in banknotes. In this case, however, a suitable means of transport, e.g. a conveyor belt is provided for transporting the banknotes along the measuring heads 3.

Vorteilhafterweise wird die Banknote senkrecht zur Richtung des Metallfadens bewegt und die Längsachse des Messkopfes 3 parallel zu diesem Metallfaden angeordnet. Bei der Verwendung mehrerer Messköpfe können z.B. ihre Längsachsen in einer Linie ausgerichtet sein.The banknote is advantageously moved perpendicular to the direction of the metal thread and the longitudinal axis of the measuring head 3 is arranged parallel to this metal thread. When using multiple measuring heads, e.g. their longitudinal axes are aligned in a line.

Claims (13)

1. Apparatus for testing rolling or sliding coins (1), which includes a measuring and evaluating means (20), characterised in that the measuring means has an elongate measuring head (3) which is narrow relative to the coin diameter (D) and whose longitudinal axis is arranged perpendicularly or parallel to the direction of movement of the coin (1) and whose length (L)
a) is smaller than or equal to the sum of the coin diameter (D) and the coin circumference (πD), when the longitudinal axis is disposed parallel to the direction of movement of the coin (1) and the coin (1) rolls along the measuring head, or
b) is smaller than or equal to the largest coin diameter (D) when the longitudinal axis is perpen- dicularto the direction of movement of the coin (1), and that in addition a cross correlator (25) or an analyser is arranged in the evaluation means (20) for comparing the measurement values which are obtained while the coin (1) to be tested is rolling or sliding past the measuring head (3), with stored reference values of a valid coin of known value.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the measurement values of the coin (1) to be tested are also stored and that the cross correlator (25) or the analyser synchronously calls up said stored measurement values on the one hand and the associated stored reference values on the other hand out of their respective storage cells all in succession in respect of time and said call-up operation is periodically repeated with the same period for all measurement values and reference values respectively.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the evaluation means (20) evaluates both the amplitude and the period of the output pulses of the cross correlator (25).
4. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the measuring head (3) comprises a cylindrical tube (4) of magnetic material, which is slit in the longitudinal direction and on to which a measuring head coil (5) is wound in the longitudinal direction, for generating a magnetic field, that the magnetic flux (Φ) within the tube (4) is directed perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction thereof and within a tube cross-section in a circular configuration around the centre of the tube and across the slit serving as an air gap (6), and that the coin (1) to be tested rolls or slides past the air gap (6).
5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterised in that the cross-section of the air gap (6) increases in width and is trapezoidal in the direction of the interior of the tube, or is of square or rectangular shape.
6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterised in that a small metal plate (8) of magnetic or non-magnetic material and whose length corresponds to the length of the air gap and whose width is greater than the width of the air gap is disposed in the air gap (6), more particularly parallel to the longitudinal edges thereof and perpendicular to the magnetic flux (Φ).
7. Apparatus according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the outside surface of the tube (4) is clad with a metal surface (9) of magnetic or non-magnetic material in the vicinity of and on both sides of the air gap (6) but not completely as far as the edges thereof.
8. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the measuring head (3) comprises a small elongate plate of magnetic material, on to which a measuring head coil (5) is wound in the longitudinal direction and perpendicularly to the surface, that the coin (1) to be tested rolls or slides along one of the longitudinal narrow sides (30) thereof, and that fixed on said longitudinal narrow side (30) is a Hall element (31) which is of approximately the same length as the plate.
9. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the measuring head (3) comprises a series of light guides, wherein first ends (32) thereof, past which the coin (1) to be tested rolls or slides transversely with respect to the direction of the light guides are all arranged flush and parallel in one plane in juxtaposed relationship and the other ends thereof are connected alternately to an optical transmitter (33) or to an optical receiver (34), the light guide cross-section and the number of light guides (k) being so selected that the length (L) of the line of light guides corresponds to the defined values of the length (L) of the measuring head (3).
10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that the light guides are planar optical wave guides.
11. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the measuring means includes a plurality of measuring heads (3) which are disposed on one side or on both sides of a coin passage.
12. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterised in that each measuring head (3) has its own measuring and evaluating means (20), that there is provided a common AND-gate (28) which has as many inputs as there are measuring heads (3) and that the output of said AND-gate (28) controls an electromagnetic switching device (29).
13. Use of an apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 12 for testing the position and the dimensions of the metal thread in a banknote, wherein the longitudinal axis of the measuring head (3) is disposed perpendicularly to the direction of conveying movement of the banknote and parallel to the direction of the metal thread and the length (L) of the measuring head (3) is smaller than or equal to the length of the metal thread.
EP82101043A 1981-03-06 1982-02-12 Coin testing apparatus Expired EP0060392B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82101043T ATE17060T1 (en) 1981-03-06 1982-02-12 DEVICE FOR TESTING COINS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH152581 1981-03-06
CH1525/81 1981-03-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0060392A2 EP0060392A2 (en) 1982-09-22
EP0060392A3 EP0060392A3 (en) 1983-06-22
EP0060392B1 true EP0060392B1 (en) 1985-12-18

Family

ID=4212478

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EP82101043A Expired EP0060392B1 (en) 1981-03-06 1982-02-12 Coin testing apparatus

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EP (1) EP0060392B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE17060T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3267960D1 (en)

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US5988348A (en) 1996-06-28 1999-11-23 Coinstar, Inc. Coin discrimination apparatus and method
US6766892B2 (en) 1996-06-28 2004-07-27 Coinstar, Inc. Coin discrimination apparatus and method
US8967361B2 (en) 2013-02-27 2015-03-03 Outerwall Inc. Coin counting and sorting machines
US9022841B2 (en) 2013-05-08 2015-05-05 Outerwall Inc. Coin counting and/or sorting machines and associated systems and methods
US9594982B2 (en) 2012-06-05 2017-03-14 Coinstar, Llc Optical coin discrimination systems and methods for use with consumer-operated kiosks and the like

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EP2787488A1 (en) * 2013-04-02 2014-10-08 Ezio Panzeri Coin checking
US9443367B2 (en) 2014-01-17 2016-09-13 Outerwall Inc. Digital image coin discrimination for use with consumer-operated kiosks and the like

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5988348A (en) 1996-06-28 1999-11-23 Coinstar, Inc. Coin discrimination apparatus and method
US6766892B2 (en) 1996-06-28 2004-07-27 Coinstar, Inc. Coin discrimination apparatus and method
US9594982B2 (en) 2012-06-05 2017-03-14 Coinstar, Llc Optical coin discrimination systems and methods for use with consumer-operated kiosks and the like
US8967361B2 (en) 2013-02-27 2015-03-03 Outerwall Inc. Coin counting and sorting machines
US9022841B2 (en) 2013-05-08 2015-05-05 Outerwall Inc. Coin counting and/or sorting machines and associated systems and methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE17060T1 (en) 1986-01-15
DE3267960D1 (en) 1986-01-30
EP0060392A3 (en) 1983-06-22
EP0060392A2 (en) 1982-09-22

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