EP0116703A1 - Training device for downhill skiing - Google Patents

Abstract

A training device for downhill skiing has a stand frame (20) to which two upward-facing pairs of identical handlebars (29, 30; 29 ', 30') are fastened with axles that are parallel to one another and with their upper handlebar axles with a pendulum frame (31-34) are connected, which is loaded by spring force against the stand frame (20) in a central position of the handlebar deflections. A holder (64, 64 ') for base plates (27, 27') is in turn supported on the pendulum frame (31-34) so that one of the feet resting on the base plates (27, 27 ') rests by shifting the load on the body, as in natural skiing sideways evasive and in-depth pendulum movement can be triggered against strong restoring spring forces, have the longitudinal centers of the base plates (27,27) between the frame (20) and the pendulum frame (31-34) with parallel pairs of links (29,30; 29 ', 30') ') from the longitudinal center of the pendulum frame (31-34) a greater distance than the upper handlebar axles. A specially constructed rocker frame (51) on the pendulum frame (31-34) ensures that the stand plates (27, 27 ') run parallel to the base of the device in every pendulum frame and rocker frame deflection position.

Description

With downhill skiing training equipment, two purposes can be achieved; at the same time, the movement sequence during skiing should be practiced and automated and the required body muscles should be strengthened.

• 1. Eine mehr oder weniger ausgeprägte Hoch-Tief-Bewegung;
• 2. eine Belastung des Schwung-Außenskis zur Schwungauslösung mit gleichzeitiger Tieferstellung des Außenskis;
• 3. ein Aufkanten beider Skier auf die Innenkanten einer Schwungbewegung;
• 4. einen Fersenschub, wobei ein leichtes Drehen der Füße mit schwungeinwärts gerichteten Fußspitzen auftritt;
• 5. eine Längsversetzung der Füße mit vorgeführtem Innenski:

Depending on the terrain and driving style, the movement sequence combines the following individual movements:

• 1. A more or less pronounced high-low movement;
• 2. a load on the outer ski for triggering a swing with simultaneous lowering of the outer ski;
• 3. edging both skis onto the inner edges of a swing movement;
• 4. a heel push, with a slight turning of the feet with the toes pointing inward;
• 5. a longitudinal displacement of the feet with a demonstrated inner ski:

Contrary to the mostly executed high-low swing movement with low phase, while the swing part runs with the smallest curve radius, the swing shape with deep relief in the fall line is also used as a variant, which leads to a relatively calm upper body out of the thighs with strong leg play leads. The arches are controlled with increasing extension of the knee joints.

A ski training device should be able to enable the practitioner to perform the movements specified in the list above, but also to make them aware of it through appropriate counterforces that he has to overcome and also to strengthen the muscles required to overcome the counterforce .

Numerous ski training devices are already known, with which one or the other of the above-mentioned partial movement sequences or also the feeling of equilibrium to be used can be trained and which also lead to a certain strengthening of the muscles to be used.

For example, DE-OS 19 26 816 shows a ski training device that permits a high-low movement of the base plates against return springs that bring the device into a central neutral position, and also separately from it, lateral deflection movements that are also springily returned to the central position. With this device, however, there is neither a longitudinal displacement of the two feet in the direction of travel nor a heel push, i.e. twisting of the feet around their longitudinal direction, another upward edging and also no simulated heel relief in the high phase possible.

DBGM 82 02 544 describes a device which carries a base plate for the feet at the free end of an arm which can be pivoted against the force of a strong return spring about a central position. The pivot axis of the arm is inclined relative to the vertical by an angle which can be set within certain limits. The base plate can perform deflecting swiveling movements on both sides against the force of the return spring from the neutral central position. The pivotal movement is with excessive twisting of the feet relative to the Center position (falling line) connected. Edging and longitudinal displacement of the two feet against each other is not possible, and the feet also do not perform a high-low shift, so that the movement of the deep relief is practiced with this device without a strong muscle training of the thigh muscles.

DE-OS 18 06 893 shows a variant of the device described above. With this device, a longitudinal displacement of the stand plates, which are separate for both feet, against a spring acting in the longitudinal direction and the edging of the stand plates is also possible. The lack of training of high-low movement and heel push also applies to this device.

DE-OS 23 58 117 shows a very complex and complex ski training device in its overall structure. This device allows lateral deflection movements of the base plates triggered by the physical movement of the practitioner and in the end phase damped by springs in parallel to one another, but the device is a kind of cardanic Suspension of the stand plates is extremely unstable for the practitioner, so that he receives too little forced or prescribed corrective force for his exercise movement and this results in an exercise and automation training effect that is too low, especially for the not yet perfect skier.

Another ski training device is described and shown in DE-PS 22 24 798. As already described at the beginning, this device does not permit any high-low movement of the base plates and also no upstand, so that it is only very imperfectly suitable for movement and also muscle training.

The device according to DE-OS 25 15 570 also belongs to the group of the devices mentioned above. In this device, the stand plates which can be moved alongside one another in parallel in the longitudinal direction can be guided together in a pivoting movement around a substantially vertical axis lying at a distance from them and they can also be slightly offset against each other in the longitudinal direction and tilted to the edge, but here too there is no very important possibility of a high-low movement against a strong restoring force, as well as the execution of the movements against restoring spring forces in order to strengthen the muscles and the need to consciously carry out these movements, which are important for skiing, in relation to a neutral position.

A known type of skiing training equipment is described for example in DE-OS 15 78 640. In these devices, a trolley equipped with the base plates is guided over slightly arched rails, but without a strong spring force returning to the central position, so that only movement training, but not condition training, can be carried out. On the trolley, the stand plates can be slightly shifted longitudinally independently of each other and also folded against return springs, but not rotated to train the important heel push. A very significant disadvantage of this type of equipment is that the high-low movement, which is important for skiing, can neither be practiced nor can muscle training be carried out for it.

Since with all of the above-described ski training devices belonging to the state of the art, only a few partial movements of the total when descending Movement combinations occurring in skiing are possible and sometimes performed without the counterforce required for strength training, the aim of the invention is to create a ski training device according to the type of the preamble of the main claim, with which not only downhill skiing can be simulated as naturally as possible in its movements while standing can, but also stimulates the muscles required, for the leg and buttock muscles to a degree that can be adjusted to the respective level of athleticism of the exerciser by the desired setting, with his body weight also being taken into account.

The invention is therefore primarily based on the task of training the downhill skiing device according to the preamble of the main claim so that by providing the physical forces required for sporty skiing and to be trained for the purpose by shifting the load of the body as in natural skiing to one of the on Stand plates resting feet a sideways evasive and deep pendulum movement is triggered against strong restoring spring forces.

The features listed in the characterizing part of the main claim serve to solve this problem. With their help, it is possible to develop a moment by shifting the body weight to one foot while relieving the other, which overcomes the moment that acts on the handlebars due to the return spring force and urges the middle position.

To gradually increase the adaptation to the natural and required for perfect skiing movements with simultaneous training of the muscles can be used individually or in combination on the device after the Invention-improving configurations can be made as they have been reflected in the subclaims.

It goes without saying that the invention is also intended to create a training device for downhill skiing whose technical expenditure is bearable, which has a long service life due to the construction details, which is safe and low in inertia and whose starting position always begins at the beginning of the device movements to be initiated by body displacement and body movement is a middle position.

The invention, as well as its configurations, will become clear from the subsequent description and explanation of an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. In detail:

• Figure 1 is a plan view of the training device with the panel removed.
• Figure 2 is a section through the device along line 2-2 in Fig. 1.
• Fi ^g. 3 shows a view of the device from the front (from the left in FIG. 1);
• Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail view relating to the tension spring device and the transmission of the spring force to the handlebar and pendulum frame;
• FIG. 5 shows the same detail representation as in FIG. 4, but during a position of the pendulum frame that is deflected sideways to the maximum;
• 6 is an enlarged detail representation to explain the connection between the pendulum frame and the rocker frame;
• Fig. 7 is a top view of the parts group of Fig. 6;
• FIG. 8 shows a view of the part group from FIG. 6 from the left; FIG.
• FIG. 9 shows the parts group from FIG. 6 with the tilting of the rocker frame in one direction;
• 10 shows a base plate and its mounting and guidance on a side frame of the rocker frame;
• Fig. 11 is a section along the line 11-11 in Fig. 10;
• FIG. 12 shows an illustration like FIG. 11, but in a maximum lateral tilt position of the base plate;
• Fig. 13 is a section along the line 13-13 in Fig. 10;
• 14 shows a plan view of a base plate guided on a frame side leg of the rocker frame;
• Fig. 15 is a section along the line 15-15 in Fig. 14;
• Fig. 16 is a section along the line 16-16 in Fig. 15;
• 17 shows a side view of the base plate with the opposite viewing direction to that in FIG. 10;
• Fig. 18 is a section along the line 18-18 in Fig. 17;
• 19 shows a section along line 19-19 in FIG. 17th

In the description of the ski training device in its entirety, FIGS. 1 to 3 are to be considered together. The device has a rigid stand frame 20 made of profile material, which is cushioned with rubber feet 21 and placed on the floor in a non-slip manner. The front frame cross strut 20a is widened sideways on both sides and carries at the outer ends a tab 22 with an upwardly projecting threaded pin, onto which a clamping lever 23 is screwed, so that a lever arm 24 plugged onto the threaded pin is clamped between the tab 22 and the clamping lever 23 can be, at the front end of a telescopic ski pole 25 rises. With the help of this construction, the handles 26 of the ski pole 25 can be adjusted within a certain range for a practitioner in their position relative to the base plates 27, 27 'of the training device, and can also be completely dismantled for transport or placed close to the device body.

The training device, which is constructed completely symmetrically in its entirety, has two shafts 28, 28 'which are located next to one another at a short distance in the middle of the stand frame 20 and are mounted in a front cross strut 20a and a rear cross strut 20b, on the ends of which a pair of links 29, 30 each ; 29 ', 30' is placed against rotation by dowel pins.

The free ends of the handlebar pairs 29, 30; 29 ', 30' are rotatably connected to trapezoidal end plates 31, 32 of a pendulum frame, the center distances of the swivel joints the _L enkerpaare to the end plates 31, 32 is equal to the center distance of the shafts 28, 28 'are. Since, moreover, the end plates 31, 32 are rigidly connected to one another on their vertical center line by two rods 33, 34 lying one above the other, for the pendulum frame 31 - 34 during its pendulum movements on the mutually parallel handlebar pairs 29, 30; 29 ', 30' given a positive guidance such that the pendulum frame can only move on an arc above the base frame 20. This movement is limited by elastically damping stop bodies 35 on the cross struts 20a, 20b of the stand frame 20. For the proper functioning of the pendulum frame, it is not absolutely necessary for the end plates 31 and 32 to be connected to one another by the rods 33 and 34, because the pairs of links 29, 30 and 29 ', 30 rigidly coupled to one another by the shafts 28 and 28''In conjunction with the distance between the upper mounting axes of the handlebars on the end plates already ensure that the latter do not tip in the room. The connecting rods merely represent a stiffening, and the pendulum frame could also be formed only from the end plates 31, 32, which are always congruent when viewed in the axial direction, as shown in FIG. 2.

So that the links 29, 30; 29 ', 30' do not hinder each other, they are recessed on their sides facing each other (see Fig. 5).

At the rear end of the training device, the longitudinal spars of the stand frame 20 are connected by a vertically rising support bridge 36, which in the case shown has a trapezoidal shape. In the upper cross member 37 of the support bridge, a spindle nut 38 is attached through which one Screw spindle 39 is passed, which carries a crank 40 with crank handle 41 at its upper end in a rotationally fixed manner. The crank 40 is designed as a seat plate on which the practitioner can take a seat.

At the lower end, a crossbar 42 is rotatably attached to the screw spindle 39, in which a plurality of strong tension springs 43 are suspended, which engage with their lower ends on a lower spring crossbar 44, on which pivot pins 45, 45 in the direction of the links 30, 30 ' 'protrude and engage in the eyebolts 30a, 30a' of the handlebars 30, 30 '.

A fairing 46, which is fastened to the support bridge 36 and to the frame 20, covers the tension spring part and the rear links 30, 30 ', while another fairing 47, which is fastened to the front frame cross member 20a, covers the front links 29, 29' and the like covers connected front end of the pendulum frame. These covers are only indicated in FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 shows an enlarged illustration of the tension spring device and its connection to the rear parallel core 30, 30 'in a sectional representation according to 4-4 in FIG. 1. While FIG. 4 shows the middle or rest position, FIG. 5 shows the same arrangement in the extreme left pivoting position of the pendulum frame 31 to 34 when resting on a buffer 35. The tension springs 43 are stretched to the maximum, thus exerting their greatest restoring force in the direction of the central position shown in FIG. 4. In Fig. 4 is also indicated by the double arrow 48, the possibility of adjusting the upper spring beam 42 with the aid of the spindle 39, whereby the tensile force of the springs 43 can be adapted to both the body weight and the desired effort of the exercising person. It should also be mentioned that the base plates 27, 27 'have heel supports 49, 49' and instep straps 50 attached to them.

The base plates 27, 27 'are guided on a rocking frame which is connected to the pendulum frame 31 to 34 in an articulated manner, the essential parts of which are shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, FIG. 6 being a section along the line 6-6 in FIG 1 represents. It should also be mentioned that both the pendulum frame and the rocker frame are mirror images of the same at the front and rear. The luffing frame is designated 51 in its entirety.

In the illustrated embodiment, the rocking frame 51 is composed of an upper and a lower subframe 52 and 53, which are mounted on the longitudinal connecting rods 33 and 34 of the pendulum frame and are held in parallel planes by mutually always sliding spacers on their longitudinal frame legs. More precisely, the upper subframe 52 of the rocking frame 51 has a front (and a rear) frame cross strut 54 and two frame longitudinal legs 55, 55 'made of round material, the frame cross strut 54 being mounted centrally on the upper connecting rod 33 of the pendulum frame. The lower subframe 53 of the rocker frame 51 has a front (and a rear) cross strut 56 and longitudinal frame legs 57, 57 ', the cross frame struts 56 being mounted centrally on the lower connecting rod 34 of the pendulum frame. At corresponding positions on the longitudinal frame legs 55, 55 'or 57, 57' spacer disks 58, 58 '; 59, 59 'have a diameter such that their peripheral surfaces touch. The spacer washers are on the longitudinal frame legs, for example by saw rings (not shown) held immovably in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal frame legs.

The construction described and shown allows a certain rocking deflection of the rocking frame 51 without the two partial frames 52, 53 touching, but the distance between the superimposed frame longitudinal legs 55, 57 or 55 ', 57' remains unchanged, as does the angular position of the connecting plane of the Frame longitudinal leg axes in space. The latter can be clearly seen in a comparison of FIGS. 6 and 9, FIG. 6 showing a neutral middle position, FIG. 9, on the other hand, showing the deflection limit position with longitudinal frame legs 55 ′, 57 ′ lying lower on the left side.

In order to obtain a limitation of the rocking movement of the rocking frame 51 with respect to the pendulum frame 31 to 34, the end plates 31, 32 of the pendulum frame have projections 60 projecting under the cross struts of the rocker frame with adapted support surfaces 60a for elastic shock absorbers 61 on the lower rocker frame 53. If the unloaded rocker frame 51 is to assume a central neutral position with respect to the pendulum frame, the projection 60 can be provided with recesses 60b which are penetrated by the arms of a leaf spring 63 fastened on the underside of the projection 60 by means of a screw 62, the ends of which are below the cross strut 56 of the lower rocker frame 53.

Since, as can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the base plates 27, 27 'on the longitudinal frame legs 55, 55'; 57, 57 'of the seesaw frame 51 are held and guided, the seesaw frame 51 permits a high-low displacement of the feet, the outer foot always standing lower due to the pressure exerted for the swing movement, due to the parallel guidance of the two subframes 52, 53, the base plates remain horizontal.

In order to be able to adapt the lateral foot distance of the exerciser to his training program (slalom or downhill), it can be expedient to make the cross struts 54, 56 of the seesaw frame 51 adjustable in length, which is not shown in the drawing, but does not pose any problems to the expert .

In Fig. 2 (and hinted at in Fig. 1) engaging in the outer covers 46, 47, with the swing frame 31 to 34 connected covers 64, 65 are shown, under which the connecting mechanism between the swing frame and the rocker frame is hidden. By the covers 46, 47, 64, 65, the exercise machine receives the end to verlan ^g of such aesthetic and hygienic appearance.

According to the previous description of the exemplary embodiment, a practitioner standing with his feet on the base plates 27, 27 'can press the rocker frame 51 downward to the left by loading, for example, the left foot (FIG. 9) and also against the force of the strong tension springs 43 due to the one-sided Press down the pendulum frame in the direction of the lateral deflection position shown in Fig. 5. By moving up and down and changing the load on the base plates 27, 27 'with the right or left foot, thigh and buttock muscles as well as the necessary strain on the circulation can be trained. However, in order to fully approach the movement sequence of skiing in turns, it is also necessary to tilt the base plates 27, 27 'against the horizontal and, if possible, against a reset force, such as occurs when the skis are edged, also to turn the tips of the toes with a heel push inward, which also has to be done against a restoring force, and also to move the feet slightly against each other in the longitudinal direction while leading the ski on the inside of the bow. In order to be able to perform these partial movements of the feet in a guided manner, the base plates 27, 27 'are connected in a special way to the longitudinal frame legs of the rocking frame 51, which will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 10 to 19.

The two base plates 27 and 27 'are mirror images of the same. It is therefore sufficient to describe the individual devices on a stand plate.

The description of the device for edging takes place in connection with the base plate 27 for the right foot and with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12. As already mentioned above, the base plate 27 is held and guided on the longitudinal frame legs 55, 57 of the rocking frame 51. The base plate 27 is connected in a manner to be described later in a manner rotatable about a vertical axis to an elongated guide sleeve 64 surrounding the longitudinal frame leg 55 of the upper rocker part frame 52. This guide sleeve 64 slides on the round longitudinal frame leg 55. On the guide sleeve 64 at one point down to the level of the longitudinal frame leg 57 of the lower rocker frame 53 spring guide housing 65 is formed on both sides, on the inward facing surfaces of which a strong helical compression spring 66 is supported and with it presses the other end against the inside of a spring cup 67, which is held by a bolt 68 which pulls through the spring 66 and the wall of the spring housing 65 and laterally by the spring 66 against the lower frame leg 57 is pressed. On the outside of the spring housing 65, the bolt 68 is fixed with a nut 69.

Since both springs 66 are of equal strength, the base plate 27 is usually centered centrally over the longitudinal frame legs 55, 57 and horizontally. A deliberate edging of the foot on the base plate 27 leads to a pivoting of the guide sleeve 64 around the upper longitudinal frame leg 55, so that one of the springs 66 is relieved and the other is compressed and thus the restoring movement is opposed to a restoring force. When the edging force decreases, the base plate 27 returns to the horizontal neutral position according to FIG. 11 from the tilted position according to FIG. 12.

14 to 16 again show on the base plate 27 for the right foot the device for the longitudinal displacement of the base plate 27 with respect to the rocker frame against spring forces acting counter to the central neutral position. 14, the positions 270 and 2700 of the base plate 27 shifted forwards and backwards are indicated by dash-dotted lines. From the vertical sectional view of Fig. 15 it can be seen that the guide sleeve 64 surrounds the frame longitudinal leg 55 of the upper rocker frame at its ends with slide bearing points, between which the frame longitudinal leg 55 surrounding helical compression springs 70, 71 are supported with their outer ends, while the inner spring ends at one are seated in a ring notch of the frame longitudinal leg 55 seat ring 72. The balancing of forces of the two opposing helical compression springs 70 and 71 results in the neutral position of the base plate 27, against which it can be moved longitudinally with the application of force.

16 shows how the base plate 27 is connected to the guide sleeve 64. The guide sleeve 64 has a vertical sprue 73 for a bore 74, in which a pivot pin 75 protrudes from the base plate 27 at right angles and which is secured at the lower end by a snap ring 76. A rotation of the base plate 27 relative to the guide sleeve 64 is thus possible.

In order that this twisting cannot take place in an uncontrolled manner and that this creates an accident risk for the practitioner, it is limited laterally, which is to be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 17 to 19. This Fig. Show the base plate 27 'for the left foot in a view from the left and in sectional views after 18-18 or 19-19 in Fi ^g. 17th

From the drawing it can be seen that on the underside of the base plate 27 ', on both sides of the pivot 75', spring housings 77 'are formed, which keep a distance from the guide sleeve 64' and have an opening. Helical compression springs 78 'supported on the bottom of the spring housing 77' are supported on the outer surface of the guide sleeve 64 'and bring the base plate 27' into a neutral rotational position with the pivot 75 'in the center due to the balance of their opposing forces. Rotation of the base plate 27 'with the application of force compresses one of the springs 78' and allows the other to expand. In this way, a heel push exerted with the foot receives a counterforce corresponding to the natural feeling when skiing.

19, the neutral position and the extreme rotational positions of the base plate 27 'are indicated by dash-dotted lines.

It goes without saying that the individual constructive solutions are to be understood only as examples and the essence of the invention manifests itself in the principle of the invention set out in the patent claim and the subclaims.

Claims (11)

1. Training device for downhill skiing with a stand frame, on which two upward, identical handlebar pairs, each with a front and a rear handlebar of essentially the same length, are attached to one another with axles parallel to one another, which are connected with their upper handlebar axles to a pendulum frame which is connected by Spring force against the stand frame is loaded into a central position of the handlebar deflections, while a holder for stand plates is supported on the pendulum frame, characterized in that the pairs of links (29, 30; 29 ', connecting the stand frame (20) with the pendulum frame (31 - 34), 30 ') run parallel to one another and that the longitudinal centers of the base plates (27, 27') are at a greater distance from the longitudinal center of the pendulum frame (31-34) than the upper link axles. 2. Training device according to claim 1, characterized in that the holder is formed as on the longitudinal center of the pendulum frame (31 - 34) and symmetrically mounted rocker frame (51) with compared to the pendulum frame (31 - 34) limited swings, on the frame longitudinal legs ( 55, 57, 55 ', 57') the base plates (27, 27 ') are held. 3. Training device according to claim 2, characterized by between the rocker frame (51) and the pendulum frame (31 - 34) clamped spring elements (63). 4. Training device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the seesaw frame (51) is a double frame made of two superposed, mutually independent sub-frames (52, 53) which are mounted on mutually parallel axes (33, 34) in the pendulum frame and by one another sliding spacers (58, 59; 58 ', 59') on their longitudinal frame legs (55, 57; 55 ', 57') are held in parallel planes and that the base plates (27, 27 ') on a longitudinal frame leg (55, 55' ) each of a subframe (52) is pivotally mounted and resiliently supported against the longitudinal frame leg (57, 57 ') of the other subframe (53) parallel to it. 5. Training device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the distance between the longitudinal frame legs is variable. 6. Training device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the base plates (27, 27 ') on the longitudinal frame legs (55, 55') are longitudinally displaceable against a fixed neutral position against spring force. 7. Training device according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that between the base plates (27, 27 ') and their holders (64, 64') on the longitudinal frame legs (55, 55 ') pivot joints (73, 75) with to the base plates are essentially perpendicular axes. 8. Training device according to claim 7, characterized in that between each base plate (27) and the supporting frame longitudinal leg (55, 57) a tangential to the pivot joints (73, 75) acting support spring pair (78) is clamped. 9. Training device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the spring force of the springs (43) clamped between the base frame (20) and the pendulum frame (31 - 34) is adjustable. 10. Training device according to claim 9, characterized in that at one end of the stand frame (20) a support bridge (36) rises vertically, in which the spindle nut (38) of a screw spindle (39) is attached, at its upper end opposite end of tension springs (43) are attached, the other ends are connected to the handlebar pairs (29, 30; 29 ', 30'). 11. Training device according to claim 10, characterized in that the crank is designed as a seat plate (40) with an eccentrically arranged crank handle (41).

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