EP0163248A2 - Spinning manifold for melt-spinning synthetic fibres - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Spinning beam for extrusion, particularly for melting and spinning of synthetic threads, with the features : a double-walled heating jacket (2) is constructed as a pressure tank to receive a heat transfer medium particularly in vapour form and forms chambers (5) with heating surfaces to receive and provide heat-conducting connection of components ducting molten material such as pump blocks (10), dosaging pumps (11) and optionally heat-conducting blocks (16) ; the heating jacket (2) is constructed over its entire length with a U-shaped cross-section and double walls ; a number of individual identical nozzle shafts (17) are passed at right angles downwards through the heating jacket (2) starting from the chamber (6) formed between the U-arms (14, 15), set into the heating jacket (2) so as to be pressure-tight and closed off at the top by a pump block (10) ; connecting plugs (20) are provided which start from the bearing surface of the pump block (10) and are concentric with the nozzle shafts (17) and which are connected, particularly screwed, to the pump block (10) so as to be pressure-tight or are part of the pump block (10) and have possible connection means, particularly thread (21) or bayonet fittings, to connect the nozzle containers (13) which receive the respective nozzle sets (22).

Description

The invention relates to a spinning beam for extrusion, in particular melt spinning synthetic threads according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a spinning beam (compare DE-AS 19 08 207) consists of a double-walled heating jacket, which is designed to hold a particularly vaporous heating medium as a pressure vessel and in its interior open chambers with plane-parallel machined heating surfaces for receiving and heat-conducting connection of melt-carrying components, such as pump blocks, metering pumps and optionally heat-conducting blocks. The heating jacket of the spinning beam is housed in a housing and surrounded by thermal insulation.

In the known heating box, the melt-carrying components lie on a double-walled heating plate, which can be flat or L-shaped or U-shaped in cross-section and is supplemented by applied, heat-conducting fillers to form a closed hollow beam. All melt-carrying components can only be used from above, for which the insulating pieces and the corresponding fillers have to be removed. Between the insulating bodies and the packing may occur due to manufacturing tolerances and different thermal expansions, more or less there are wide gaps through which as a result of _K amine effectively uncontrolled heat can flow. This can lead to different heating of the melt at the different spinning positions of the spinning beam.

To remove or maintain the melt-carrying components, a stage is also required above the spinning beam, from which the operating personnel can carry out the assembly and maintenance work.

From DE-PS 21 20 600 it is known to arrange the extruder, in particular a one-day spinning system, on a lower floor than the spinning beam in order to reduce the height of the room for the spinning system or to make it available for the blowing zone and the thread cooling. It is considered disadvantageous if the height of the room has to be increased due to the required accessibility to the melt-carrying components of the spinning beam.

In this prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a spinning beam in which the maintenance and removal of the heated, melt-carrying components, including the nozzle packs, in order to reduce the overall height of the spinning system, can take place from below and from the side, and a work platform above the spinning beam is no longer required.

The object is achieved by a spinning beam with the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

The specified solution offers the advantages of a very uniform and inexpensive heating of all melt-carrying components and avoids vertical separating joints within the parts of the heating jacket and the thermal insulation.

This is achieved in that the chamber formed between the outer, horizontal U-legs of the heating jacket, which is U-shaped in cross section, for receiving the melt-carrying components is closed off from the nozzle shafts built into the heating jacket, and the chamber is sealed from the side (reduction of the overall height ) or accessible from above, while the nozzle pots with the pre-assembled nozzle packages are installed through the nozzle shafts in the heating jacket. As a result, a working platform above the spinning beam can be omitted if this is desirable.

In order to be able to easily assemble the nozzle pots, it is provided in a further development of the spinning beam according to claim 1 that a connecting plug, in particular with an external thread or bayonet lock for connecting the nozzle pot receiving the nozzle packet, is pressure-tightly connected to the pump block, in particular is screwed to or connected to the pump block forms a component. The development according to claim 3 has the further advantage that the V.e-rbindungsstopfen for connecting the nozzle pot does not have to be dismantled within the nozzle shaft if the pump block is to be removed. Rather, the pump block with the connecting plug can be assembled and / or disassembled as a unit through the shaft formed between the U-legs of the heating jacket.

While maintaining the aforementioned advantages of the present invention, it is also possible to assemble the heating jacket from two mechanically independent heating chambers, which complement each other in a U-shaped cross section and have a flat, continuous separating surface along one of the horizontal U-legs. Such a construction offers the advantage that the melt-carrying components are clearly placed on the lower U-leg of the spinning beam and then the two mechanically independent heating chambers when the spinning beam is installed can be clamped together and with the melt-carrying components, whereby essentially all air gaps between the heat transfer surfaces can be avoided.

Finally, in a further embodiment of the spinning beam it is provided that the double-walled heating jacket has a substantially circular cross-section circumscribing the ends of the chamber and the nozzle shaft. Such a design of the outer wall of the heating jacket has the advantage that it manages with a very small wall thickness.

The invention is explained below with reference to the attached schematic drawings.

• Fig. 1 einen Spinnbalken zum Schmelzspinnen synthetischer Fäden in der Aufsicht;
• Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt des Spinnbalkens gemäß Fig. 1 entlang der Schnittlinie II-II in Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 den Querschnitt eines Düsenschachtes mit Anschluß eines Düsentopfes am Pumpenblock;
• Fig. 4 einen ähnlichen Querschnitt wie Fig. 2 mit einer abgeänderten Ausbildung der Außenwand des Heizmantels;
• Fig. 5 einen abgeänderten Spinnbalken mit mechanisch und geteiltem Heizmantel;
• _Fig_{. 6} geteiltem Heizmantel;
• Fig. 7 einen weiteren Querschnitt eines Spinnbalkens nach der Erfindung;
• Fig. 8 als Detail die Befestigung eines Düsentopfes.

Show it: -

• Figure 1 is a spinning beam for melt spinning synthetic threads in supervision.
• FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the spinning beam according to FIG. 1 along the section line II-II in FIG. 1;
• 3 shows the cross section of a nozzle shaft with connection of a nozzle pot to the pump block;
• Fig. 4 is a cross section similar to Figure 2 with a modified design of the outer wall of the heating jacket.
• 5 shows a modified spinning beam with a mechanically and divided heating jacket;
• _{F ig. 6} divided heating jacket;
• 7 shows a further cross section of a spinning beam according to the invention;
• Fig. 8 as a detail of the attachment of a nozzle pot.

1 shows the top view of the spinning beam 1 shown in cross section in FIG. 2, which has a plurality of nozzle arrangements arranged in series one behind the other for melt spinning synthetic threads made of thermoplastic polymers. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the spinning beam 1 essentially consists of a double-walled heating jacket 2, which, in particular, acts as a pressure container for receiving the heat transfer medium vaporous diphenyls, is formed and receives the melt-carrying components in a chamber 6 delimited by plane-parallel machined heat transfer surfaces 3, 4, 5. The heating jacket 2 is enclosed in its entirety to reduce heat losses by a sheet metal housing 7, which is stuffed with mineral wool 8 or another suitable insulating material. In places where the spinning beam 1 must be accessible for maintenance purposes, the insulating materials are present as insulating bodies pressed into geometrically simple shapes, which can be removed from the sheet metal housing at the appropriate point by means of closable cutouts. A heated melt feed line 9, which is connected to a melting device, such as an extruder or discharge pump, leads through the sheet metal housing 7 from above. The melt feed line 9 leads through the double-walled heating jacket 2 and is connected to a cuboid-shaped distributor block, from which branch ducts lead in a vertical direction to the pump blocks 10 lying next to one another. In the pump blocks 10, a branch leads from this channel to the suction side of the melt metering pump 11 attached to the pump block 10 and at least one pressure channel to an outlet opening 12 (FIG. 3), to which a nozzle pot 13 with a nozzle packet 22 is connected in a pressure-tight manner.

According to the invention, the heating jacket 2 of the spinning beam 1 is double-walled over its entire length and U-shaped in cross-section, the two U-legs 14 and 15 of the heating jacket 2 being aligned horizontally or vertically (FIG. 7). From the inner surfaces 3, 4, 5 of the U-legs 14, 15, which can be machined from the open side of the heating jacket, a chamber 6 or one extends over the entire length of the heating jacket 2 extending shaft formed, which is limited at its ends to avoid heat loss by heat-conducting blocks in the form of fillers 16. The melt-carrying components, such as pump blocks 10, melt metering pumps 11 and the melt distributor block, are accommodated in the chamber 6. The melt-carrying components rest on the heat transfer surface 5 of the U-leg 15 facing the chamber 6 and are pressed on by additional tension or compression screws in order to improve the heat transfer to the components to be heated. On the underside of the pump blocks 10, a plurality of nozzle shafts 17, ie, according to FIG. 1, for example, two nozzle shafts 17 per pump block 10, for the installation of the nozzle pots 13 in the heating jacket 2 are welded pressure-tight, starting from the chamber 6 vertically downwards, whereby the lower U-leg 15 of the double-walled heating jacket 2 is penetrated. The adjacent nozzle shafts 17 can preferably form a common component which extends over the entire length of the spinning beam 1 and is welded into the heating jacket 2.

A spinning shaft extension 18 is connected to the vertical nozzle shafts 17 in order to make the nozzle pots 13 more accessible for assembly work. The blowing chutes leading downward, but not shown, are flanged to the `spinning chute extension 18. However, the spinning shaft extension 18 also serves to support and to fasten the spinning beam 1 to a carrier of a work platform or the like.

3 shows in cross section the detail of the attachment of the nozzle shaft 17 in the lower U-leg 15 of the double-walled heating jacket 2. Furthermore, there is a particularly advantageous constructive solution for the attachment of the nozzle pot 13 receiving the nozzle packet 22 and a simple possibility for the and removal of the pump block 10 into or out of the chamber 6 formed between the horizontal U-legs 14, 15 of the heating jacket 2. Specifically, the pump block 10 has a preferably circular cylindrical recess 23 on its underside in the region of each nozzle shaft 17. A connecting plug 20 with a central melt channel 19 is inserted in this recess 23 in a pressure-tight manner by means of fastening screws 25 distributed around the circumference. The melt channel 19 is aligned with the outlet opening 12 of the pump outlet channel in the pump block 10. It is particularly pointed out that the downward-facing end face 24 of the connecting plug 20 behind the bearing surface of the pump block 10 on the heat transfer surface-5 of the lower U-leg of the heating jacket 2 somewhat jumps back. As a result, after removal of the nozzle pots 13 and the connecting plugs 20 fastened to the pump block, the pump block 10 can be removed and installed from the chamber 6 and no assembly work on the connecting plug 20 can be carried out from the nozzle shaft 17. The connecting plug 20 has a thread 21 on its circumference, which can be of multiple threads, or a bayonet lock for simple and quick removal of the nozzle pots 13.

The nozzle pack 22 accommodated in the nozzle pot 13 consists, in a known manner, of a nozzle plate 26, into which a plurality of nozzle bores are made, one Melt distributor plate 27, in which a filter 28 is arranged in a circular cylindrical recess and from a seal 29 which seals the nozzle packet 22 against the connecting plug 20 by the force of a differential piston 33 under melt pressure. The nozzle pack 22 is sealed between the differential piston 33 and the melt distributor plate 27 by a metal membrane 34 which is supported on the melt distributor plate 27.

In the present construction of the spinning beam 1, it should be particularly emphasized that despite the annular air gap 36 which is necessarily left between the nozzle pot 13 and the nozzle shaft 17 for the purpose of assembly, no heat losses occur as a result of air circulation or as a result of a chimney effect, since possible air gaps between the components go up through Pump block 10 are sealed.

As a further special feature, it should be emphasized that the attachment of the nozzle pot 13 to the connecting plug 20 means that the heating jacket 2 no longer has to absorb tensile forces resulting from the melt pressure. This is of great advantage for the dimensioning of the wall thickness of this critical component (pressure vessel).

Fig. 4 shows the cross section of a spinning beam 1, in which, however, the radially outward-facing outer wall of the heating jacket 2 is essentially circularly curved and consists, for example, of tubular sections cut open in the longitudinal direction in a suitable manner. It has a length that extends to the ends of the horizontal chamber 6 for accommodating the melt-carrying components and the ends of the nozzle shafts 17 which are guided downward through the heating chamber 2. The solution shown is simple in terms of production technology and advantageous in terms of the stress caused by the pressure of the heat transfer medium.

It should be noted that in the drawing the pressure screws for the melt-carrying components on the heat transfer surfaces of the chamber 6 have been omitted for the sake of simplicity.

5 and 6 show a schematic representation of cross sections of spinning beams corresponding to FIG. 2, but in which the heating jacket 2 is composed of two mechanically independent heating chambers 30 and 31, which have two separating surfaces 32 in FIG. 5 and one in FIG. 6 . In both versions, the lower U-leg 15 of the heating jacket 2 has a flat separating surface 32, on which all melt-carrying components are placed and fastened when the spinning beam 1 is assembled. The heating jacket 2 is then only supplemented by the U-leg 14, which is placed and braced from above and which has an L-shaped cross section according to FIG. 6. 5, a corresponding U-shaped cross section is achieved by a heat-conducting block 37 which extends over the length of the heating jacket 2 and which is clamped to the heating chambers 30 and 31 having planar parting surfaces 32 while simultaneously clamping the melt-carrying components.

All of the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 have the horizontally arranged chamber 6 between the outer U-legs 14, 15 of the heating jacket 2 for the lateral installation of the pump blocks 10 and the melt metering pumps 1] as well as the nozzle shafts installed in the lower U-legs 15 17 as a common constructive feature.

It should also be mentioned that the heating chambers 30, 31 of both U-legs 14, 15 are connected to one another and structural details regarding the heating of the heating jacket 2, which are not essential for understanding the invention, have been omitted in the drawing for the sake of simplicity .

7 finally shows the cross section of a spinning beam 1 according to the design principle on which this invention is based, but in which the U-legs 14, 15 of the heating jacket 2 are oriented vertically and the nozzle shafts 17 starting from the pump shaft 6 vertically downward into the double-walled heating jacket 2 are pressure-tight installed, especially welded. In this arrangement, the pump block 10 and the melt metering pump 11 are installed in the pump shaft 6 from above. Nevertheless, the nozzle shafts 17 are sealed off at their upper end by the pump block 10, which extends essentially over the entire length of the spinning beam 1, so that air circulation due to a chimney effect is prevented. The pump block 10 also has a corresponding number of connecting plugs 20 on the melt outlet side, which can form a common component with the pump block 10 or are non-positively and pressure-tightly connected to the latter. The nozzle pots 13 are screwed onto the connecting plugs 20, so that the melt forces are absorbed exclusively by the pump block 10 and the nozzle pots 13 and do not stress the heating jacket 2 and the nozzle shaft 17.

The polymer melt is supplied here through the melt feed 9 arranged laterally, which opens into a valve module 38 or the like, which is connected to the pump block 10 and is guided through the vertical U-leg 15 of the double-walled heating jacket 2. The annular space 39 around the melt feed line is connected to the heating chambers of the heating jacket by branch lines 40, 41. The line 41 can, for example, discharge the condensate accumulating in front of the valve module 38.

The invention also offers the particular advantage that the nozzle package, i.e. in particular, the nozzle plate, distribution elements and filters can be inserted into the nozzle pot before being attached to the heating box. To maintain a spinning station, it is then only necessary to remove the nozzle pot which is in operation and to insert a fresh nozzle pot. Compared to the previously known spinning heads, this saves in particular the laborious overhead work of individually removing and reinstalling the individual parts of the spinning head. It is avoided that the forces exerted by the melt pressure have to be absorbed by the spinning beam or heating jacket to such an extent that the stability suffers as a result.

Fig. 8 explains the attachment of the nozzle cup. The spinning beam carries the pump block 10, which is accommodated in a heating box 2, or a melt line module with the melt line 19, via which the spinning station is supplied. In the embodiment shown, the pump block 10 (or fusible link module) has a suitable recess into which the connecting plug 20 is inserted. An annular seal is inserted between it (20) and the pump block 10, the bearing surface of which essentially determines the level of the forces to be exerted by the fastening screws in order to achieve a tight and pressure-resistant connection. The inner diameter of the ring seal also corresponds to that of the melt line 19.

On its circumference, a thread 21 is incorporated in the connecting plug 20, which can be designed as a multi-start, self-locking and thus quickly tightened thread or as a bayonet connection. The nozzle pot 13 receiving the nozzle packet 22 is correspondingly on its upper part has a matching counterpart on the inside.

It is particularly important that the inner diameter of the nozzle pot is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the connecting plug.

In the nozzle pot 13 sits the nozzle pack, which consists of the spinneret 26, the pressure or distributor plate 27 with the melt bores, the melt chamber lying between the two and the filter pack 28 inserted into the pot-shaped upper part of the pressure plate 27. In order to produce a pressure-tight and tight connection with the connecting plug 20, a piston 33, which closes off the nozzle packet, sits above the pot with the filter pack 28 and is sealed off from the pot by the plate-shaped membrane 34. A further ring seal 29 is provided between the piston 33 and the connecting plug 20, to which the above-mentioned seal also applies. In the case under consideration, the thread 21 should be a bayonet lock designed as a three-start thread, which has axially extending recesses extending to the bottom of the thread in respective partial areas of its circumference, which are the same as the thread regions, namely three such recesses should be present evenly distributed. It is understood that the plug 20 and pot 13 fit together.

For attachment, the nozzle cup 13 with the nozzle pack and the plate membrane 34 and the piston 33 is then inserted into the bayonet thread of the connecting plug 20 and then only slightly tightened by turning it by about 60 °. The high contact pressure required for sealing is generated by the melt pressure itself, which is applied via the plate membrane 34 acts on the piston 33 and compresses the seal 29. The piston 33 is sealed by a plate membrane 34 with respect to the interior of the nozzle cup, in which it can be axially displaced.

It is clear from the illustration that the force resulting from the melt pressure and the interior cross section of the nozzle pot, acting in the direction of the top axis, is only absorbed by the connecting plug 20 with its thread 21, because the piston 33 is also - via the seal 29 - on Supporting plug 20 supports. The force to be introduced into its suspension 10 for its attachment is determined by the sealing cross-section of the seal 29, which according to the invention is substantially smaller than the cross-section of the connecting plug 20, so that this force is very low in comparison with that effective in the connecting plug itself.

The object of the invention is then achieved that the nozzle change process is drastically simplified and accelerated and also that the force resulting from the high melt pressure and introduced into the suspension of the nozzle construction is significantly reduced compared to the effective in the nozzle pack. This can improve the heating box. The heating box is used to hold a liquid and / or vaporous, pressurized heating medium and to transfer heat to melt-carrying parts, in particular the pump block. It is a critical component in terms of its strength and ductility. According to the invention, it is largely freed from its function of absorbing the force of the melt pressure, and although it can be designed to be weaker, it can nevertheless be improved in its stiffness, which is particularly important for heat transfer to all melt-carrying parts and in particular the pump block.

REFERENCE SIGN LISTING

• 1 spinning beam
• 2 heating jacket
• 3 heat transfer surface of the heating jacket
• 4 heat transfer surface of the heating jacket
• 5 heat transfer surface of the heating jacket
• 6 chamber, pump shaft
• 7 sheet metal housing
• 8 Insulating material, wool
• 9 melt feed line
• . 10 pump block, suspension for nozzle pot
• 11 melt dosing pump
• 12 outlet opening
• 13 nozzle pot
• 14 U-legs
• 15 U-legs
• 16 filler
• 17 nozzle shaft
• 18 spinning shaft extension
• 19 melt channel
• 20 connection plugs
• 21 threads
• 22 nozzle package
• 23 Recess in the pump block
• 24 end face of the plug 20
• 25 fastening screw
• 26 nozzle plate
• 27 melt distribution plate
• 28 filters
• 29 seal
• 30 heating chamber
• 31 heating chamber
• 32 dividing surface
• 33 differential pistons
• .34 membrane
• 35
• 36 air gap
• 37 heat conducting block
• 38 valve module
• 39 annulus
• 40 branch line
• 41 branch line

Claims (7)

1. Spinning beam for extrusion, particularly melt-spinning of synthetic threads, with a double-walled heating jacket, which is designed to receive a particular vaporous heat-transfer agent as a pressure vessel and umpenblöcke in its interior outwardly open chambers with heating surfaces to receive and thermally conductive compound melt-carrying components such as _P, metering pumps and optionally has heat-conducting blocks,
characterized,
that the heating jacket (2) is U-shaped over its entire length in cross-section with horizontally or vertically oriented outer U-legs (14, 15)
and between its U-legs (14, 15), the inner surfaces (3, 4, 5) of which are open in cross section and which are planar and which delimit the chamber (6) receiving the melt-carrying components (10, 11),
and that a plurality of nozzle shafts (17) from the chamber (6) are installed vertically downward in the double-walled heating jacket (2), which are closed at their upper end by a plate or a block, in particular a pump block (10). 2. spinning beam according to claim 1,
characterized,
that a connecting plug (20), in particular with a thread (21) or a bayonet lock, is provided for connecting the nozzle pot (13) receiving the nozzle pack (22) and is pressure-tightly connected to the pump block (10), in particular screwed or with the pump block (10) forms a common component. 3. spinning beam according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the connecting plug (20) is inserted into a recess (23) in the pump block (10) in such a way that the end face (24) of the connecting plug (20) ends with the contact surface of the pump block (10) or behind that formed by the pump block (10) Contact surface jumps back. 4. spinning beam according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in
that the heating jacket (2) consists of mechanically independent heating chambers (30, 31) which complement each other in a U-shaped cross-section and have a flat, continuous separating surface (32) along one of the U-legs (14, 15). 5. spinning beam according to claim 4,
characterized,
that both U-legs (14, 15) of the heating jacket (2) have a flat, continuous separating surface (32) and by a cuboid-shaped heat-conducting block (37) which is connected to the two U-legs (14, 15) of the heating jacket (2) is clamped to the heating jacket (2) forming the chamber (6) with a U-shaped cross section. 6. spinning beam according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in
that the double-walled heating jacket (2) has a substantially circular shape, the ends of the
Chamber (6) and the nozzle shaft (17) circumscribing cross section. 7. spinning beam according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in
that the nozzle shafts (17) between two vertical U-legs (14, 15) are pressure-tight in the double-walled. Heating jacket (2) are installed
and that the pump block (10) with the melt metering pumps (11) can be installed from above into the chamber (6) surrounded by the heating jacket (2) and closes the nozzle shafts (17).

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