EP0165701A1 - Load supply circuit and lamp module - Google Patents
Load supply circuit and lamp module Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0165701A1 EP0165701A1 EP85303410A EP85303410A EP0165701A1 EP 0165701 A1 EP0165701 A1 EP 0165701A1 EP 85303410 A EP85303410 A EP 85303410A EP 85303410 A EP85303410 A EP 85303410A EP 0165701 A1 EP0165701 A1 EP 0165701A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- load
- supply
- supply circuit
- circuit
- lamp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
- H01K1/00—Details
- H01K1/62—One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the lamp
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B39/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for operating incandescent light sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B39/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for operating incandescent light sources
- H05B39/04—Controlling
- H05B39/08—Controlling by shifting phase of trigger voltage applied to gas-filled controlling tubes also in controlled semiconductor devices
Definitions
- This invention relates to load supply circuits, and particularly to such a circuit enabling low voltage lamps to be used from a high voltage source such as a domestic mains supply, and to lamp modules incorporating such a circuit.
- a low voltage tungsten-halogen lamp for domestic purposes so as to increase efficiency and decrease power consumption.
- One way of reducing the mains voltage to that required for the lamp is by using a transformer, but this is rather large and heavy.
- An alternative method is to use an electronic circuit to step down the voltage. Electronic circuits for reducing voltages are known as in, for example, domestic dimming circuits, but such circuits only operate down to about 50-60 volts.
- the invention provides a load supply circuit which supplies a low voltage load from a high voltage a.c. supply, comprising an a.c./d.c. switch means for switching said load into and out of the supply circuit and control means for triggering the said switch means at a desired phase angle of the high voltage a.c. supply.
- the circuit is integrally assembled in a complete unit to facilitate its use as a direct plug in replacement for a G.L.S. filament lamp.
- the load is preferably a low voltage tungsten-halogen lamp and the a.c. supply is the domestic mains supply.
- the switch means is preferably a solid state switch and may conveniently be a Gate Turn Off Thyristor (G.T.O.) or may possibly be a triac.
- G.T.O. Gate Turn Off Thyristor
- the control means for triggering the said switch means is preferably an integrated circuit which may also have incorporated therein, means for limiting the surge current when the circuit is first switched on, and/or means for feedback controlling the output of the integrated circuit to withstand varying temperature conditions.
- the supply circuit includes filter means for reducing radio frequency interference from the mains which can falsely trigger the a.c. switch, and may also include an overcurrent trip means to safeguard the circuit in the event of a short-circuit in the load.
- the supply circuit may further include means for rectifying the supply voltage.
- the load supply circuit is positioned, with a low voltage tungsten-halogen lamp as the load, within a lamp replacement unit shaped like an ordinary tungsten lamp and which is a direct replacement for such a lamp.
- the tungsten-halogen lamp is preferably, however, removeable from said unit and is itself replaceable within the unit.
- the invention further comprises an overcurrent trip circuit including sensing means to sense the level of current through the part of the circuit to be protected and to produce a first signal consequent to a level of build-up of said current above a predetermined level, and signalling means for producing a second signal upon receiving said first signal, and means responsive to said second signal for effecting the tripping function.
- said sensing means is a capacitor connected to the base of a transistor and said signalling means is a timer or thyristor also connected to the base of a transistor.
- the lamp replacement unit shown in Figure 1 comprises a thermoplastic resin base 1 injection moulded to produce a cap 2 positioned at one end, i shown lowermost.
- the cap 2 is of standard size and fitting so that it can be inserted into ordinary domestic lamp sockets, and has two contacts 3 to form the electrical connections with the socket.
- a component board 4 is contained within the body and thermally insulated from the lamp 6 by being wrapped in a suitable heat resisting and thermally insulating wool 9.
- the lamp 6 is a low voltage tungsten-halogen lamp and is positioned within socket 7 positioned on a support member 8 fastened to a heat shield 5 between the shield and the board 4.
- a transparent glass cover 10 surrounds the lamp 6 and is fastened to the base 1.
- the component board 4 has electronic components mounted thereon, the components 11 forming part of a load supply circuit as shown diagrammatically in Figure 2.
- the board also has mounted thereon, connections to a Gate Turn-Off Thyristor 12 (G.T.O.) mounted on a heat sink 13 and connections 14 to a mains supply via the contacts 3 on the cap 2 when in place in a socket.
- G.T.O. Gate Turn-Off Thyristor 12
- the G.T.O. 12 Gate Turn-Off Thyristor 12
- the G.T.O. 12 and other components 11 form part of a circuit to power the lamp 6 from the mains supply.
- the load supply circuit for supplying the low voltage tungsten-halogen lamp 6 from an a.c. mains supply 20 comprises a bridge rectifier part 21, a mains radio frequency interference filter circuit (A), a mains isolated low power d.c. supply circuit (B), a pulse supply part 22, a pulse conversion part 23, an overcurrent trip circuit (C) and a G.T.O. 12.
- the circuit is designed such that a negative going pulse is provided by the pulse supply part 22 including integrated circuit 25 at a desired phase angle regulated by the variable resistance 24.
- This pulse is converted from negative going to positive going by the pulse conversion part 23 of the circuit and the positive going pulse is used to trigger the G.T.O. 12 to conduct and switch the lamp 6 on.
- the G.T.O. automatically turns "off" when the phase angle of the supply reaches zero, so by producing the pulse at an appropriate phase angle, only the controlled part of the cycle will be passed via the G.T.O. to suit the low voltage lamp.
- the integrated circuit 25 provides this initial pulse and also provides, if necessary, a slow start feature to overcome the problem of initial switch on inrush surge current of the cold filament. Since the G.T.O.
- circuits (A) and (B) are conventional and will not be further described.
- the overcurrent trip circuit (C) is shown in more detail in Figure 3 and is basically composed of a sensing part 30 and a signal producing part 31.
- the sensing part 30 is connected to point X in Figure 2 and comprises a capacitor 32 which passes a voltage if a sharply rising current is passing through point X, for example, in the event of a filament end of life flashover producing a short circuit current. This voltage is passed to the base of a transistor 33 which produces a pulse.
- the signal producing part 31 receives this pulse at a timer 34 which, with the rest of the components of the signal producing part 31, produces a signal at X' for long enough to turn off the G.T.O. and thus protect the electronic components from a damaging high current.
- the G.T.O. is only switched off for the particular half-cycle in which the short-circuit occurred and then the normal pulses switch it on again provided the lamp has not gone short circuit or into an arc condition.
- the timer could be replaced by a small thyristor if desired
- the invention has been described with the load supply circuit within the lamp replacement unit, it could be positioned in the wall switch or anywhere else as required. Further, the transparent glass cover 10 may be replaced by suitable coloured covers made of similar material and may even if desired be made in novel shapes for decorative purposes.
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to load supply circuits, and particularly to such a circuit enabling low voltage lamps to be used from a high voltage source such as a domestic mains supply, and to lamp modules incorporating such a circuit.
- It is known that ordinary general lighting service (G.L.S.) domestic tungsten lamps are a rather inefficient source of light considering their power consumption, and that tungsten-halogen lamps are more efficient because they are smaller and operate at higher pressures and temperatures. Tungsten-halogen lamps are, however, more efficient at lower voltages, for the same filament length, than the usual 240 volts mains supply: the peak of efficiency for a given filament length being at about 18-20 volts.
- Clearly, therefore, it would be desirable to use a low voltage tungsten-halogen lamp for domestic purposes so as to increase efficiency and decrease power consumption. One way of reducing the mains voltage to that required for the lamp is by using a transformer, but this is rather large and heavy. An alternative method is to use an electronic circuit to step down the voltage. Electronic circuits for reducing voltages are known as in, for example, domestic dimming circuits, but such circuits only operate down to about 50-60 volts.
- It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a load supply circuit which reduces the mains voltage to a voltage suitable for a low voltage tungsten-halogen lamp.
- Accordingly, the invention provides a load supply circuit which supplies a low voltage load from a high voltage a.c. supply, comprising an a.c./d.c. switch means for switching said load into and out of the supply circuit and control means for triggering the said switch means at a desired phase angle of the high voltage a.c. supply.
- Preferably the circuit is integrally assembled in a complete unit to facilitate its use as a direct plug in replacement for a G.L.S. filament lamp.
- However, it may possibly be used separately, say by inclusion in a wall switch.
- The load is preferably a low voltage tungsten-halogen lamp and the a.c. supply is the domestic mains supply.
- The switch means is preferably a solid state switch and may conveniently be a Gate Turn Off Thyristor (G.T.O.) or may possibly be a triac.
- The control means for triggering the said switch means is preferably an integrated circuit which may also have incorporated therein, means for limiting the surge current when the circuit is first switched on, and/or means for feedback controlling the output of the integrated circuit to withstand varying temperature conditions.
- Preferably, the supply circuit includes filter means for reducing radio frequency interference from the mains which can falsely trigger the a.c. switch, and may also include an overcurrent trip means to safeguard the circuit in the event of a short-circuit in the load.
- If the switch means is a G.T.O., the supply circuit may further include means for rectifying the supply voltage.
- Conveniently, the load supply circuit is positioned, with a low voltage tungsten-halogen lamp as the load, within a lamp replacement unit shaped like an ordinary tungsten lamp and which is a direct replacement for such a lamp. The tungsten-halogen lamp is preferably, however, removeable from said unit and is itself replaceable within the unit.
- The invention further comprises an overcurrent trip circuit including sensing means to sense the level of current through the part of the circuit to be protected and to produce a first signal consequent to a level of build-up of said current above a predetermined level, and signalling means for producing a second signal upon receiving said first signal, and means responsive to said second signal for effecting the tripping function.
- Preferably, said sensing means is a capacitor connected to the base of a transistor and said signalling means is a timer or thyristor also connected to the base of a transistor.
- One embodiment of the invention will now be more fully described, by way of example, with reference to the drawings, in 'which:
- Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view through a lamp replacement unit according to the invention;
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a load supply circuit in accordance with the invention; and
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an overcurrent trip circuit according to the invention.
- The lamp replacement unit shown in Figure 1 comprises a
thermoplastic resin base 1 injection moulded to produce acap 2 positioned at one end, i shown lowermost. Thecap 2 is of standard size and fitting so that it can be inserted into ordinary domestic lamp sockets, and has two contacts 3 to form the electrical connections with the socket. A component board 4 is contained within the body and thermally insulated from thelamp 6 by being wrapped in a suitable heat resisting and thermally insulatingwool 9. Thelamp 6 is a low voltage tungsten-halogen lamp and is positioned withinsocket 7 positioned on asupport member 8 fastened to aheat shield 5 between the shield and the board 4. Atransparent glass cover 10 surrounds thelamp 6 and is fastened to thebase 1. - The component board 4 has electronic components mounted thereon, the
components 11 forming part of a load supply circuit as shown diagrammatically in Figure 2. The board also has mounted thereon, connections to a Gate Turn-Off Thyristor 12 (G.T.O.) mounted on aheat sink 13 andconnections 14 to a mains supply via the contacts 3 on thecap 2 when in place in a socket. As will be further explained below, the G.T.O. 12, andother components 11 form part of a circuit to power thelamp 6 from the mains supply. - Thus, as shown in Figure 2, the load supply circuit for supplying the low voltage tungsten-
halogen lamp 6 from an a.c.mains supply 20, comprises abridge rectifier part 21, a mains radio frequency interference filter circuit (A), a mains isolated low power d.c. supply circuit (B), apulse supply part 22, apulse conversion part 23, an overcurrent trip circuit (C) and a G.T.O. 12. - The circuit is designed such that a negative going pulse is provided by the
pulse supply part 22 includingintegrated circuit 25 at a desired phase angle regulated by thevariable resistance 24. This pulse is converted from negative going to positive going by thepulse conversion part 23 of the circuit and the positive going pulse is used to trigger the G.T.O. 12 to conduct and switch thelamp 6 on. The G.T.O. automatically turns "off" when the phase angle of the supply reaches zero, so by producing the pulse at an appropriate phase angle, only the controlled part of the cycle will be passed via the G.T.O. to suit the low voltage lamp. The integratedcircuit 25 provides this initial pulse and also provides, if necessary, a slow start feature to overcome the problem of initial switch on inrush surge current of the cold filament. Since the G.T.O. is a d.c. switch, thebridge rectifier part 21 of the circuit provides the G.T.O. with a full wave rectified d.c. from the mains a.c. supply. The mains isolated low power d.c. supply circuit (B) is used merely to provide the input supply for the integratedcircuit 25 and other components at an appropriate level, whilst the mains radio frequency interference filter circuit (A) is used to remove the mains interference which could otherwise trigger the G.T.O. falsely. Both of circuits (A) and (B) are conventional and will not be further described. - The overcurrent trip circuit (C) is shown in more detail in Figure 3 and is basically composed of a
sensing part 30 and asignal producing part 31. Thesensing part 30 is connected to point X in Figure 2 and comprises acapacitor 32 which passes a voltage if a sharply rising current is passing through point X, for example, in the event of a filament end of life flashover producing a short circuit current. This voltage is passed to the base of a transistor 33 which produces a pulse. Thesignal producing part 31 receives this pulse at atimer 34 which, with the rest of the components of thesignal producing part 31, produces a signal at X' for long enough to turn off the G.T.O. and thus protect the electronic components from a damaging high current. The G.T.O. is only switched off for the particular half-cycle in which the short-circuit occurred and then the normal pulses switch it on again provided the lamp has not gone short circuit or into an arc condition. The timer could be replaced by a small thyristor if desired. - It will be appreciated that although the invention has been described with the load supply circuit within the lamp replacement unit, it could be positioned in the wall switch or anywhere else as required. Further, the
transparent glass cover 10 may be replaced by suitable coloured covers made of similar material and may even if desired be made in novel shapes for decorative purposes.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8412699 | 1984-05-18 | ||
GB848412699A GB8412699D0 (en) | 1984-05-18 | 1984-05-18 | Load supply circuit and lamp module |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0165701A1 true EP0165701A1 (en) | 1985-12-27 |
EP0165701B1 EP0165701B1 (en) | 1990-10-03 |
Family
ID=10561150
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19850303410 Expired EP0165701B1 (en) | 1984-05-18 | 1985-05-15 | Load supply circuit and lamp module |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0165701B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3579953D1 (en) |
GB (2) | GB8412699D0 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4870317A (en) * | 1987-09-02 | 1989-09-26 | U.S. Philips Corporation | High-pressure discharge lamp having a thermal insulating member |
WO1991009459A1 (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1991-06-27 | Ludo De Ceuster | Display board provided with a regulated power supply |
EP0545514A1 (en) * | 1991-12-06 | 1993-06-09 | Hayashibara, Ken | Lighting device |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3605278C1 (en) * | 1986-02-19 | 1987-07-23 | Espe Pharm Praep | Circuit for feeding a dental photopolymerization device |
US5293028A (en) * | 1987-01-05 | 1994-03-08 | General Electric Company | Cooktop appliance with improved power control |
US4949020A (en) * | 1988-03-14 | 1990-08-14 | Warren Rufus W | Lighting control system |
GB2275141B (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1995-12-06 | Lumisphere Products Ltd | Warning beacon |
DE4402179A1 (en) * | 1994-01-26 | 1995-07-27 | Hubertus Landmann | Lamp bulb with electronic chip in base |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2831629A1 (en) * | 1978-07-19 | 1980-01-31 | Preh Elektro Feinmechanik | Dimmer circuit for light - has remote control switch connecting neutral via cable to voltage divider at integrated circuit input |
FR2438406A1 (en) * | 1978-10-02 | 1980-04-30 | Philips Nv | MIXED LIGHT DEVICE |
FR2505601A1 (en) * | 1981-05-08 | 1982-11-12 | Egyesuelt Izzolampa | |
US4359670A (en) * | 1979-11-01 | 1982-11-16 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Lamp intensity control apparatus comprising preset means |
FR2550383A1 (en) * | 1983-08-01 | 1985-02-08 | Gen Electric | HIGH EFFICIENCY INCANDESCENT LIGHTING DEVICE |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE7707771L (en) * | 1977-07-05 | 1979-01-06 | Klippberg Olle Knut | METHOD OF POWERING RADIATION-GENERATING DEVICES AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE KIT |
-
1984
- 1984-05-18 GB GB848412699A patent/GB8412699D0/en active Pending
-
1985
- 1985-05-15 DE DE8585303410T patent/DE3579953D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-05-15 GB GB08512337A patent/GB2159009B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-05-15 EP EP19850303410 patent/EP0165701B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2831629A1 (en) * | 1978-07-19 | 1980-01-31 | Preh Elektro Feinmechanik | Dimmer circuit for light - has remote control switch connecting neutral via cable to voltage divider at integrated circuit input |
FR2438406A1 (en) * | 1978-10-02 | 1980-04-30 | Philips Nv | MIXED LIGHT DEVICE |
US4359670A (en) * | 1979-11-01 | 1982-11-16 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Lamp intensity control apparatus comprising preset means |
FR2505601A1 (en) * | 1981-05-08 | 1982-11-12 | Egyesuelt Izzolampa | |
FR2550383A1 (en) * | 1983-08-01 | 1985-02-08 | Gen Electric | HIGH EFFICIENCY INCANDESCENT LIGHTING DEVICE |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4870317A (en) * | 1987-09-02 | 1989-09-26 | U.S. Philips Corporation | High-pressure discharge lamp having a thermal insulating member |
WO1991009459A1 (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1991-06-27 | Ludo De Ceuster | Display board provided with a regulated power supply |
BE1003655A3 (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1992-05-12 | Ceuster Ludo De | Display board with a switching power supply. |
EP0545514A1 (en) * | 1991-12-06 | 1993-06-09 | Hayashibara, Ken | Lighting device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3579953D1 (en) | 1990-11-08 |
GB2159009A (en) | 1985-11-20 |
GB8512337D0 (en) | 1985-06-19 |
EP0165701B1 (en) | 1990-10-03 |
GB2159009B (en) | 1988-08-10 |
GB8412699D0 (en) | 1984-06-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US11638334B2 (en) | Load control device for high-efficiency loads | |
US9220157B2 (en) | Load control device for high-efficiency loads | |
CA1155169A (en) | Arc discharge lamp unit having an incandescent series filament ballast | |
US4456855A (en) | Intensity regulator, especially a light regulator | |
EP0165701B1 (en) | Load supply circuit and lamp module | |
GB2175463A (en) | Ballasts and transformerless power supplies | |
WO1998024276A1 (en) | Smooth switching power control circuit and method | |
US5365162A (en) | Light bulb electric life extender having a diactriac combination connecter in parallel with a capacitor | |
US3754177A (en) | Solid state controller | |
US5459373A (en) | Mini-fluorescent lamp with automatic on/off | |
US5463307A (en) | High efficiency, low voltage adapter apparatus and method | |
EP0452715A3 (en) | Apparatus for continuous control of electric devices according to the phase chopping principle, especially light dimmer, and use of such apparatus | |
EP0702506B1 (en) | Device for the lighting and instantaneous hot-relighting of lamps, particularly of the discharge type | |
CA2518021C (en) | Self-contained, self-snubbed, hid dimming module that exhibits non-zero crossing detection switching | |
EP0337022A1 (en) | Starting assistance device for a gas discharge lamp | |
KR200158955Y1 (en) | Sensor-type illuminating structure | |
WO1999003027A1 (en) | Solid state switching device circuit | |
CA2239002A1 (en) | Precautionary timer for kitchen range surface elements | |
AU733423B2 (en) | Solid state switching device circuit | |
CA2086973A1 (en) | Reduced-power lamp comprising a surge protection element | |
CN86103950A (en) | Make the automatic round the clock switch of electric light of electric light longevity | |
GB2323724A (en) | Electrical switching arrangement giving slow turn-on |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): BE DE FR IT NL |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19860619 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: OSRAM- GEC LIMITED |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19880525 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE DE FR IT NL |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: JACOBACCI & PERANI S.P.A. |
|
RAP2 | Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred) |
Owner name: OSRAM LIMITED |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3579953 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19901108 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
BECN | Be: change of holder's name |
Effective date: 19901003 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
ITTA | It: last paid annual fee | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19940506 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19940527 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19940531 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19940726 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19950531 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: OSRAM LTD Effective date: 19950531 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Effective date: 19951201 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 19951201 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19960201 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19960229 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |