EP0236529A2 - Rotary mold of a briquetting machine - Google Patents
Rotary mold of a briquetting machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0236529A2 EP0236529A2 EP86103369A EP86103369A EP0236529A2 EP 0236529 A2 EP0236529 A2 EP 0236529A2 EP 86103369 A EP86103369 A EP 86103369A EP 86103369 A EP86103369 A EP 86103369A EP 0236529 A2 EP0236529 A2 EP 0236529A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- end wall
- mold
- segments
- segment
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/16—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using pocketed rollers, e.g. two co-operating pocketed rollers
- B30B11/165—Roll constructions
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to briquetting machines and, in particular, to rotary molds or briquetting rolls, respectively and removable mold segments therefore.
- Briquetting machines are known devices which generally comprise a pair of wheel-like rolls geared together to cooperatively turn in opposing directions on parallel axes with the peripheral surfaces of each respective roll positioned in linear axial alignment with one another so that material introduced to the rolls is captured by the molding surfaces of the rolls and compressed into briquets by passage through the adjoining molding surfaces.
- Briquetting apparatus and techniques have been used to compact and/or mold materials at both low temperatures and pressures as well as high temperatures and pressures for materials such as charcoal, iron ore, metal chips, etc. Generally, high pressure briquetting at elevated temperatures places additional demands upon the commonly employed rotary molds. In particular, rotary mold segments are subject to cracks from stress and to wear due to rocking and abrasion of the mold surface by the material to be molded.
- It has been recognized that briquetting roll designs incorporating replaceable mold segments should permit easy removal and replacement of worn or broken segments with as little down time as possible. Also, inexpensive fabrication of durable segments which may be firmly secured in proper alignment are long known goals of segment design. The use of rolls comprised in part of a plurality of replaceable mold segments having surface cavities capable of receiving material to be briquetted is described in many prior art patents including U.S. Patent Nos. 3,907,485; 4,306,846; and 4,097,215.
- U.S. Patent No. 3,907,485 describes replaceable mold segments adapted for placement upon the periphery of a cylindrical central member. These mold segments are affixed to the cylindrical central member by fasteners engaging projections extending outwardly from the side walls of the mold segment. This configuration of the mold segment cooperates with the central member such that radial compression forces applied to the mold segment are transmitted through the bottom surface of the mold segment, which bottom surface is coplanar with the projections from the side walls. The application of such forces to the mold segments produces bending stresses in the mold segment that can result in premature failure due to cracking of the strong part brittle mold segment.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,306,846 describes the use of a symmetrically shaped replaceable mold segment for a briquetting roll. These segments have side walls including upper and lower portions, the upper portions of which are disposed at an angle convergent with respect to a top working surface, and the lower portions of said side walls are divergent with respect to the axis of rotation of the rolls.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,097,215 describes a briquetting press roll which comprises a cylindrical core having a regular polygonal cross-section and a plurality of equal planar sections around its peripheral surface to which are attached a plurality of removable mold segments each having a flat bottom surface with said segments being attached by retaining rings.
- Thus, prior art processes, techniques, and apparatus have been employed with varying degrees of success to alleviate the foregoing problems relating to premature failure or wear of roll segments. Some prior art devices go to great lengths to overcome these wear and cracking problems. For example, U.S. Patent No. 2,958,902 describes the use of exchangeable segments which when attached to a briquetting roll are aligned so that the separation gap between segments forms an acute angle with cylinder generatrices which are parallel to the roller axis. The foregoing arrangement purportedly reduces wear by reduction of non-uniform forces due to overlapping separation gaps (Col. 1, lines 25-67). This device has the disadvantage of high machining costs due to it complicated design as best illustrated in Figures 2, 3, 11 and 14.
- As mentioned above, prior art segments suffer from wear due to rocking of the segment in its seat. This movement of a segment with respect to its seat occurs as a force travels across the arcuate molding surface of the segment causing the segment to pivot due to aberrations in surface contact. Since this rocking movement causes undesirable wear, attempts are made to minimize rocking in order to prolong segment life. One way to minimize rocking is to reduce the surface aberrations which act as "pivot points" for rocking. Machining of contact surfaces between segment and core seat will reduce rocking.
- It is an object of the invention to provide a rotary mold with replaceable mold segments having improved durability, a design which reduces machining costs while maintaining or improving durability and wear-restistance and having segments which are easy to replace.
- A further object of this invention is to provide segments resistant to wear, especially wear caused by rocking, and which are easy and economical to machine.
- A further object of the invention is to provide a keyless segment/core combination which resists wear and breakage from rotational forces.
- A rotary mold and mold segments remediing the afore-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and solving the objects underlying the invention are characterized in the appended claims together with further developments and preferred embodiments.
- Advantageously, the present invention reduces machining time and costs by allowing machining of flat surfaces which include at least one right angle between two flat planar surfaces. Use of a right angle allows utilization of uncomplicated fixtures in the machining process. Simplification of machining is especially desired to lower the time and cost of such operations in those countries having high labor costs.
- A preferred embodiment comprises a rotary mold segment of truncated sectorial shape (hereinafter "tifht angele preferred embodiment") which segment comprises a top arcuate molding surface, a bottom surface, two opposing end walls connecting the top surface and the bottom surface, two opposing end walls connecting the top surface and the bottom surface, whereby said connections define a right angle with respect to a line drawn tangent to the top arcuate surface at each respective connecting end, and said segment further having a connection between one end wall with the bottom surface which defines a right angle, and further comprising two opposing side walls connecting the respective sides of the top, bottom and end walls.
- By the term "a line drawn tangent to the arcuate surface at each respective connecting end" is meant the tangent line at that end point presuming a continuation of the preceding arcuate curve. It is not necessary that each and every object listed above be found in all embodiments of the invention. It is sufficient that the invention may be advantageously employed when compared to the prior art.
- The present invention also comprises a rotary mold having a roll shaft with a core portion adapted to receive the plurality of removable mold segments and fastening means for removably attaching mold segments to said core and a plurality of the above-described mold segments. Fundamental to the instant invention is the design of a replaceable mold segment having an angle from about 80 to 90 degrees between the generally planar bottom surface and the longer end wall of said segment.
- Each mold segment comprises a body having a bottom planar surface which mates with a corresponding surface on the sawtooth-shaped core portion of a roll shaft. In the preferred embodiment, the bottom right angular surface formed by one end wall with the bottom portion of the segment mates with the corresponding right angular L-shaped peripheral portion of the core surfaces.
- Figure 1 is a plan view of a roll shaft and segment construction characterized by the features of this invention;
- Figure 2 is an end elevation of the roll shaft taken about the line 2-2 of Figure 1 with a partial broken away area showing screw placement;
- Figure 3 is a sectional view taken about the line 3-3 of Figure 1; and,
- Figure 4 is an exploded fragmentary perspective view depicting fastening of individual segments to the roll core of Figure 1.
- Referring to Figure 1, a
rotary mold 10 suitable for use with a second similar rotary mold according to known techniques in a briquetting machine (not shown) is depicted. Therotary mold 10 comprises a roll shaft 11 adapted for rotation within a briquetting machine in coaxial alignment with a similar roll shaft, both of which shafts possessing a plural ity ofmold segments 12 positioned about the periphery of aroll core 13 which is integral with said shaft 11. Also integral with said roll core is roll radius 14a androll core radius 14b. Shaft 11 also contains bearingcone surfaces 15a and 15b positioned on either side of saidroll core 13. Roll shaft 11 may be equipped with access means 16 for temperature control. - Each
rotary mold segment 12 contains threecomplete mold cavities 17 and two separate cavity.halves 18, at either end of eachsegment 12. Each segment member is adapted to cooperate with a segment member adjacent thereto in forming a complete mold cavity in the assembled roll. Thus, each segment member in Figure 1 has three complete mold cavities formed in the center and has half pockets formed thereon at the ends. - The present invention contemplates the use of differing numbers of mold cavities and designs, e.g. more than one row of mold cavities could be provided, or blank segments without molds or segments having different or varying shapes. Mold cavities may be either completely contained within each segment or not according to design needs. Advantageously, a roll comprising a plurality of segments made according to the present invention may contain 12 to 16 segments. The use of 12 segments provides a reduction in the number of machining operations and allows stronger fastening of segments to the roll core, while the use of 16 segments allows reduced costs with respect to modifying present roll cores and for production of segments from readily available stock materials. Of course, fewer than 12 or greater than 16 segments may also be employed, depending upon roll size. Rolls of any diameter are contemplated.
- Referring now to Figure 2, an end elevational view of
rotary mold 10 including roll shaft 11 taken about line 2-2 of Figure 1 is depicted. Roll shaft 11 supportsroll core 13 about which are attached twelveroll mold segments 12 which are removably attached by fastening means such assunken screws 19 treated with a suitable lubricant such as a solid film molybedenum disulfide lubricant (not shown). - Each
segment 12 comprises twoend walls surface 22 with abottom surface 23. In the right angle preferred embodiment, eachend wall planes 24a and 24b which extend from the axis ofrotation 28 torotary mold perimeter 26. Thus the angle φ between saidplanes 24a and 24b which may define the location of saidend walls - The skilled artisan upon reading this disclosure will understand that the precise angle will vary, not only upon the number of segments to be employed in forming peripheral
arcuate surface 26, but also upon such application dependent variables as: the desired degree of machining ofend walls - By remachining is meant the process whereby working
surface 22 may be machined to re-obtain a sharp mold cavity periphery thereby extending the useful life of thesegment 12. Remachining will remove aberrations in the workingsurface 22 ofsegments 12 and thereby reduce the diameter of the rotary mold. Some excess material may be left on the segment working surface initially (before first use) to allow for remachining after wear from operation. - Generally, the segments wil be constructed of a wear-resistant metal such as steel. The particular material used to construct the
segments 12 will depend primarily upon the intended applications for the particular rotary mold. Generally, steels and irons having application-dependent compositions will be employed. -
End walls arcuate surface 22 at eachpoint 27a connectingtop surface 22 to either endwall tangent lines 29 form right angles α with eachrespective end wall connections 27a between eachend wall arcuate surface 22 defines a right angle with respect to aline 29 drawn tangent to the arcuatetop surface 22 at each respective end ofend walls - Furthermore, for all embodiments,
segment 12 may be defined by a ratio of the length of thelonger end wall 21 to the length of theshorter end wall 20 and the angle between thelonger end wall 21 and thebottom surface 23. A suitable range of such end length ratios is 22:16 to 17:6; with a preferred range being 18:11 to 16:9. As further depicted in Figure 2, theconnection 27b betweenend wall 21 andbottom surface 23 forms an angle β. A suitable range for β would be from about 80 to about 90 degrees.
When β is 90 degrees or less, then tipping or rotational action about the corner forming the angle is reduced. - Advantageously, when β is a right angle, this facilitates machining of segment surfaces thereby reducing machining costs.
Roll core 13 and attachedsegments 12 will rotate during normal operation in the direction shown by arrow A. Advantageously, the indicated direction of rotation in combination with the design of thesegments 12 and segment attachment to theroll core 13 reduces wear due to rocking.
Also, the novel segment is adapted to withstand rotational forces presented as the roll moves from the shorter segment end to the longer segment ends. - The sawtooth design of the perimeter of
roll core 13 resists rotational forces exerted against thesegments 12 relative tocore 13. The torque produced during acceleration, deceleration and use of the rotary mold operates to cause the segments to slip relative to the core perimeter. In the present invention, this "slippage" is counteracted by the saw-tooth design which, when the mold is rotated as indicated, decreases wear while providing a substantially flat bottom surface without necessitating the use of keys or other core and/or segment weakening grooves. - The mating roll which runs adjacent to the roll depicted will be adapted to rotate in a clockwise direction since roll 11 is shown rotating in a counterclockwise direction. However, it should be understood that both rolls will rotate in the direction shown by arrow A with respect to the positioning of the segments, i.e., while both rolls will turn in opposite direction on parallel axes, nonetheless, the segments on each roll will be positioned so that as each separate segment passes a chosen point during rotation, the shorter end surface of the segment will pass that point first. Reversal of the direction of rotation depicted will normally occur only after unloading in order to remove a jam or plug and then only for a short time.
- Referring now to Figure 3,
rotary mold segment 12 androll core 13 are shown in a sectional view taken about the line 3-3 of Figure 1.Segment 12 has a top surface 22 (with raised mold cavity 17) connected tobottom surface 23 byside walls Segment 12 is attached toplanar core surface 32 in substantial coplanar alignment by a plurality of threadedscrews 19, which are recessed belowsurface 22 and removably secured tocore 13 through a plurality ofholes 33a adapted to removably receive, align, and secure togethersegment 12 withcore 13. Advantageously, at least a portion of theholes 33a which extend intocore 13 are threaded for connection withscrews 19. Alternative attachment means for removably fastening segments to a roll, which means are well known in the art, such as clamp rings, may also be employed. - Referring now to Figure 4, an exploded fragmentary perspective view depicting attachment of a
segment 12 having atop surface 22 with raisedmold cavity 17,side wall 31 andend wall 21 connected so thatwall 21 forms an angle 8 withbottom surface 23. Fourholes 33a extend fromtop surface 22 through an otherwisesolid segment body 12 throughbottom surface 23. Theseholes 33a align with threadedholes 33b inroll core surface 32.Holes 33b extend a sufficient distance belowsurface 32 to provide adequate securing ofsegment 12 tocore 13 whensegment 12 is secured tocore 13 by threadedscrews 19a and 19b. Screws 19a which securesegment 12 through a lesser segment thickness (such as that nearer side 20) and screws 19b (which are located nearer longer segment side 21) may be of lesser and greater length, respectively, to avoid weakening of the core roll by intersection ofholes 33b between adjacent core surfaces 32. - It will be understood that various changes and modifications may be made in the segment and mold described (which provide the characteristics of the invention) without departing from the spirit thereof particuarly as defined in the following claims.
Claims (11)
a roll schaft (11) having a core (13) portion adapted to receive
a plurality of removably attached mold segments (12) with mold cavities (17, 18), the mold segments comprising
a top arcuate molding surface (22),
a planar bottom surface (23),
two opposing planar end walls (20, 21) in radial alignment with the axis of rotation (28) defining the top arcuate molding surface (22), and connecting the top arcuate surface (22) with the bottom surface (23),
wherein the connections (27a) between each end wall (20, 21) with the top arcuate surface (22) defines a right angle (α) with respect to a line (29) drawn tangent to the top arcuate surface (22),
two opposing side walls (30, 31) connecting the respective sides of the top, bottom and end wall sides,
the mold segments being received in correspondingly shaped core recesses in the circumferential surface of the core (13) portion
and
fastening means (19a, 19b, 33a, 33b) for removably attaching the mold segments to the core recesses,
characterized in that
with respect to the direction of rotation the leading end wall (20) is shorter than the trailing end wall (21),
the connections (27b) between the trailing end walls (21) and the planar bottom surfaces (23) define an angle (β) from about 80 to about 90 degrees,
the core recesses receiving the mold segments (12) tight fit resist rotational forces exerted against the mold segments relative to the mold core (13).
characterized in that
the connection (27b) between the trailing end wall (21) and the planar bottom surface (23) defines a right angle.
characterized in that
the ratio of the length of the longer end wall (21) to the length of the shorter end wall (20) is from about 22 : 16 to 17 : 6.
characterized in that
the ratio of the length of the longer end wall (21) to the length of the shorter end wall (20) is from about 18 : 11 to 16 : 7.
characterized in that
the core (13) portion has a saw tooth perimeter adapted to receive the mold segments (12), the one planar side surface of each saw tooth extending through the axis of rotation (28), the other planar side surface (32) of each saw tooth defining with the one planar side surface of each saw tooth the angle (α) between the trailing end wall (21) and the bottom surface (23) of the mold segment (12).
characterized in that
the plurality of mold segments (12) comprises from 12 to 16 mold segments.
characterized in that
the mold segments (12) and the core recesses adaped to receive the mold segments are keyless.
a top arcuate molding surface (12) with molding cavities (17), a planar bottom surface (23),
two opposing planar end walls (20, 21) connecting the top arcuate surface (22) and the bottom surface (23)
wherein the connection (27a) between each end wall (20, 21) with the top arcuate surface (22) defines a right angle (α) with respect to a line (29) drawn tangent to the top arcuate surface (22)
and
two opposing side walls (30, 31) connecting the respective sides of the top, bottom and end wall sides,
characterized in that
the one end wall (20) is shorter than the other end wall (21) and the connection line (27b) between the other end wall (21) and the bottom surface (23) defines an angle (β) from about 80 to about 90 degrees.
characterized in that
the connection line (27b) between the other end wall (21) and the bottom surface (23) defines a right angle.
characterized in that
the ratio of the length of the longer end wall (21) to the length of the shorter end wall (20) is from about 22 : 16 to 17 : 6.
characterized in that
the ratio of the length of the longer end wall (21) to the length of the shorter end wall (20) is from about 18 : 11 to 16 : 7.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/702,906 US4589831A (en) | 1985-02-19 | 1985-02-19 | Removable mold segments for rotary molds |
DE8606953U DE8606953U1 (en) | 1986-03-13 | 1986-03-13 | |
AT86103369T ATE55319T1 (en) | 1986-03-13 | 1986-03-13 | ROTARY FORM OF A BRIQUETTE MACHINE. |
DE8686103369T DE3673396D1 (en) | 1986-03-13 | 1986-03-13 | ROTATING SHAPE OF A BRIQUETTING MACHINE. |
EP86103369A EP0236529B1 (en) | 1986-03-13 | 1986-03-13 | Rotary mold of a briquetting machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE8606953U DE8606953U1 (en) | 1986-03-13 | 1986-03-13 | |
EP86103369A EP0236529B1 (en) | 1986-03-13 | 1986-03-13 | Rotary mold of a briquetting machine |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0236529A2 true EP0236529A2 (en) | 1987-09-16 |
EP0236529A3 EP0236529A3 (en) | 1988-09-07 |
EP0236529B1 EP0236529B1 (en) | 1990-08-08 |
Family
ID=39618880
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86103369A Expired EP0236529B1 (en) | 1985-02-19 | 1986-03-13 | Rotary mold of a briquetting machine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0236529B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE55319T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3673396D1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1991008674A1 (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1991-06-27 | Food Equipment Engineering, Inc. | Method and machine for forming three-dimensional food products |
US6660197B1 (en) | 1999-10-13 | 2003-12-09 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Method for producing an elongated drug formation |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2958902A (en) | 1958-02-21 | 1960-11-08 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Roller press for the briquetting of ore, coal or similar materials |
US3907485A (en) | 1973-03-05 | 1975-09-23 | K R Komarek Inc | Segmented briquetting roll structure |
US4097215A (en) | 1977-05-12 | 1978-06-27 | K. R. Komarek, Inc. | Segmented briquetting roll |
US4306846A (en) | 1980-07-25 | 1981-12-22 | K. R. Komarek Inc. | Briquetting roll and mold segment therefor |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE28581E (en) * | 1970-11-10 | 1975-10-28 | Roller-type press | |
US4261692A (en) * | 1979-11-01 | 1981-04-14 | Davy Mckee Corporation | Roll press for forming briquettes |
-
1986
- 1986-03-13 DE DE8686103369T patent/DE3673396D1/en not_active Revoked
- 1986-03-13 DE DE8606953U patent/DE8606953U1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-03-13 EP EP86103369A patent/EP0236529B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-03-13 AT AT86103369T patent/ATE55319T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2958902A (en) | 1958-02-21 | 1960-11-08 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Roller press for the briquetting of ore, coal or similar materials |
US3907485A (en) | 1973-03-05 | 1975-09-23 | K R Komarek Inc | Segmented briquetting roll structure |
US4097215A (en) | 1977-05-12 | 1978-06-27 | K. R. Komarek, Inc. | Segmented briquetting roll |
US4306846A (en) | 1980-07-25 | 1981-12-22 | K. R. Komarek Inc. | Briquetting roll and mold segment therefor |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1991008674A1 (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1991-06-27 | Food Equipment Engineering, Inc. | Method and machine for forming three-dimensional food products |
US6660197B1 (en) | 1999-10-13 | 2003-12-09 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Method for producing an elongated drug formation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE8606953U1 (en) | 1987-04-09 |
EP0236529A3 (en) | 1988-09-07 |
EP0236529B1 (en) | 1990-08-08 |
DE3673396D1 (en) | 1990-09-13 |
ATE55319T1 (en) | 1990-08-15 |
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