EP0241921A1 - High-efficiency antenna - Google Patents

High-efficiency antenna Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0241921A1
EP0241921A1 EP87105544A EP87105544A EP0241921A1 EP 0241921 A1 EP0241921 A1 EP 0241921A1 EP 87105544 A EP87105544 A EP 87105544A EP 87105544 A EP87105544 A EP 87105544A EP 0241921 A1 EP0241921 A1 EP 0241921A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
radiating
coaxial cables
antenna
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87105544A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0241921B1 (en
Inventor
Eric Anglade
Serge Bichet
Ricardo Gutierrez
Régis Lenormand
Didier Rene
Daniel Venault
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Original Assignee
Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel Espace Industries SA filed Critical Alcatel Espace Industries SA
Publication of EP0241921A1 publication Critical patent/EP0241921A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0241921B1 publication Critical patent/EP0241921B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/185—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/08—Helical antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high efficiency antenna.
  • the source commonly known as “Short Backfire” is known. It consists of a dipole or two dipoles (crossed if there are two) and a cylindrical reflector.
  • the performances of this type of antenna have been studied by HW EHRENSPECK and are described in the article "A New Class of Medium - Size, High-efficiency Reflector Antennas” (IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation "of March 1974). document describes a type of reflector antenna allowing a greater directional gain than those obtained with conventional reflector antennas of the same area.
  • An antenna of this type comprises a cylindrical reflector and a feed system located in the center of this Such an antenna is analyzed as the combination of two radiating sources whose maximum radiation and mutual phase relationships can be adjusted simply to obtain greater directional gain in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the reflector. directional gain is explained on the basis of a virtual extension of the radiation opening beyond the physical dimensions of the reflector.
  • dmin the minimum value of the reflector diameter, dmin, for a "Short Backfire" type antenna, dmin must be compatible with the size of the dipole: dmin> 0.75 ⁇ .
  • the subject of the invention is a structure making it possible to take advantage of the advantageous phenomenon which appears for d ⁇ 0.75 ⁇ , while having a reflector diameter d 0.7 ⁇ .
  • the invention provides a high-efficiency antenna comprising a reflector consisting of a bottom and walls of direction perpendicular to this bottom and of cylindrical shape, inside which is disposed a device radiating in the direction perpendicular to it.
  • the radiating device comprising at least one wire wound helically on either side of the axis of symmetry of the reflector which is the axis of radiation of said device, each wire being short-circuited at the reflector by its end located on the side of the bottom of this reflector and being fed by its other end, characterized in that at least one coaxial cable situated inside the helix formed by the radiating wire (s) makes it possible to supply this (or these) radiating wire (s).
  • the advantages of the present invention compared to “Short Backfire” type antennas are as follows: - The diameter of the reflector is not limited by the size of the dipole, - The directivity of the radiating element is modular, unlike a "Short Backfire" antenna whose directivity of the dipole is constant.
  • the subject of the invention is an antenna in which four coaxial cables are arranged inside a quadrifilar helix, the central cores of the first two coaxial cables, which are power cables, being connected by first circuits metallic to the central cores of the other two coaxial cables, a metal plate disposed at a certain distance from this end making it possible to connect the central cores of these last two coaxial cables and the outer conductors of the four coaxial cables so that the impedance present in output of the two power cables, i.e. 50 ⁇ , the external parts relative to the reflector of these four coaxial cables being connected to the four wires by the inter mediate of four second metal circuits.
  • the invention relates to an antenna in which the first metal circuits are produced by metal layers arranged on either side of a first printed circuit, the second metal circuits being produced by metal layers arranged on a first face. a second print superimposed by its second face with one of the faces of the first printed circuit.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic perspective view of an antenna according to the invention, the reflector being shown in section
  • - Figure 2 illustrates a partial perspective view of the radiating source of the invention
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a sectional view along plane III-III of the radiating source shown in FIG. 2.
  • the present invention relates to a radiating element, consisting of a quadrifilar helix 10, placed in a reflector 11 having a bottom 8 and side walls 9 of direction perpendicular to this bottom and of cylindrical shape.
  • the dimensions of the reflector 11 are optimized to obtain the superposition in phase, in the direction of the radiation axis ⁇ , of the components radiated by the propeller 10 on the one hand, and by the upper edge 12 of the reflector 11 on the other go.
  • the antenna according to the invention comprises four coaxial cables 13, 14, 15, 16 which are in directions parallel to the axis of the radiation ⁇ .
  • the central cores 20 and 21 of the first two coaxial cables 13, 14, which are power cables, are connected by circuits 24 and 25 to the central cores 22 and 23 of the coaxial cables 15 and 16. These central cores 22 and 23 are short-circuited to the outer conductors of the coaxial cables 13, 14, 15, 16 by a metal plate 26 at a distance e such that the impedance presented at the output of the coaxial cables 13 and 14 is 50 ⁇ .
  • the quadrifilar propeller 10 consists of four radiating strands 27, 28, 29, 30 which are fed from the top; their base being short-circuited to the reflector 11, which allows it to be assimilated, at first analysis, to a curved dipole.
  • radiating strands 27, 28, 29 and 30 are connected to the external conductors of the coaxials 13, 14, 15, 16 by the circuits 31, 32, 33, 34. These radiating strands are short-circuited at the reflector 11 via 'a plate 17. Depending on the value of the diameter d of the reflector, the height h of the reflector is optimized.
  • the circuits 24, 25 which make it possible to connect the central cores 20 and 21 of the cables 13 and 14 to the cores 22 and 23 of the cables 15 and 16, are represented by metallic deposits made on either side another of a first printed circuit 35;
  • the circuits 31, 32, 33 and 34 which allow the external conductors of the coaxial cables 13, 14, 15 and 16 to be connected to the radiating strands 27, 28, 29, and 30 are metallic deposits made on a first face of a second printed circuit 36, the second face of which is superimposed on one of the faces of the first printed circuit 35.
  • Such an antenna is mainly used at frequencies below 4 GHz.
  • the antennas of the known art comprising a dipole located inside a cylindrical reflector whose directivity is given, in the antenna according to the invention it is possible to act, at a given frequency, on the diameter / height of the reflector.
  • the criterion of coherence of the radiation coming from the propeller 10 on the one hand, and from the upper edge 12 of the reflector 11 on the other hand correlates the reduction in diameter d, to an increase in the height h of the reflector 11, and therefore improves the direct insulation between elements.
  • the optimization criterion is to obtain maximum directivity in the axis of the radiation. But this criterion could be to obtain a maximum ellipticity rate on a blanket given, for example with a multidirectional antenna.
  • the radiating element 10 can also be a helix composed of one or more wires: monofilar, bifilar, etc. This helix can also be of conical shape.

Abstract

Antenna comprising a reflector (11) consisting of a base (8) and of walls (9) directed perpendicular to this base and of cylindrical shape, inside which is arranged a radiating device (10) in the direction perpendicular to this base. The radiating device (10) comprises at least one wire (21) helically wound on either side of the axis of symmetry of the reflector, which is the radiating axis ( DELTA ) of the said device, each wire being short-circuited to the reflector via its end situated on the base side of this reflector (11) and being fed via its other end. Application in particular to the field of array antennas. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention est relative à une antenne à haute efficacité.The present invention relates to a high efficiency antenna.

En matière d'éléments rayonnants à haute efficacité, on connaît la source communément appelée "Short Backfire". Elle est constituée d'un dipole ou de deux dipoles (croisés s'il y en a deux) et d'un réflecteur cylindrique. Les performances de ce type d'antenne ont été étudiées par H.W. EHRENSPECK et sont décrites dans l'article "A New Class of Medium - Size, High-efficiency Reflector Antennas" (IEEE Transactions on Anten­nas and Propagation" de mars 1974). Ce document décrit un type d'antenne à réflecteur permettant un plus grand gain directif que ceux obtenus avec des antennes à réflecteur conventionnelles de même surface. Une antenne de ce type comprend un réflecteur de forme cylindrique et un système d'alimentation situé au centre de ce réflecteur. Une telle antenne est analysée comme la combinaison de deux sources rayonnantes dont le rayon­nement maximum et les relations de phase mutuelles peuvent être ajustés simplement pour obtenir un plus grand gain directif dans une direction perpendiculaire à la surface du fond du réflecteur. L'accroissement de gain directif est expliqué sur la base d'une extension virtuelle de l'ouverture de rayonnement au delà des dimentions physiques du réflec­teur.In terms of high-efficiency radiating elements, the source commonly known as "Short Backfire" is known. It consists of a dipole or two dipoles (crossed if there are two) and a cylindrical reflector. The performances of this type of antenna have been studied by HW EHRENSPECK and are described in the article "A New Class of Medium - Size, High-efficiency Reflector Antennas" (IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation "of March 1974). document describes a type of reflector antenna allowing a greater directional gain than those obtained with conventional reflector antennas of the same area. An antenna of this type comprises a cylindrical reflector and a feed system located in the center of this Such an antenna is analyzed as the combination of two radiating sources whose maximum radiation and mutual phase relationships can be adjusted simply to obtain greater directional gain in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the reflector. directional gain is explained on the basis of a virtual extension of the radiation opening beyond the physical dimensions of the reflector.

L'auteur compare l'efficacité de ce type de source, au rendement théorique maximal d'une ouverture rayonnante de même dimension. Ce ren­dement est défini par rapport à Dmax (directivité maximale d'une ouver­ture rayonnante)

Dmax =

Figure imgb0001


avec A : aire de la surface considérée
et λ : longueur d'onde.The author compares the effectiveness of this type of source, to the maximum theoretical efficiency of a radiating opening of the same dimension. This efficiency is defined with respect to Dmax (maximum directivity of a radiating opening)

Dmax =
Figure imgb0001


with A: area of the surface considered
and λ: wavelength.

Pour certaines caractéristiques du réflecteur (Diamè­tre d = 2.45 λ , hauteur h = 0.57 λ ), la directivité mesurée est supé­rieure à la directivité maximale de l'ouverture rayonnante équivalente. Ce phénomène, selon les travaux précités, se reproduit pour des valeurs de diamètre : d < 0.75 λ .For certain characteristics of the reflector (Diameter d = 2.45 λ, height h = 0.57 λ), the directivity measured is greater than the maximum directivity of the equivalent radiating aperture. This phenomenon, according to the aforementioned works, is reproduced for values of diameter: d <0.75 λ.

Si on considère la valeur minimale du diamètre du réflecteur, dmin, pour une antenne du type "Short Backfire", dmin doit être compatible avec l'encombrement du dipole : dmin > 0.75 λ .If we consider the minimum value of the reflector diameter, dmin, for a "Short Backfire" type antenna, dmin must be compatible with the size of the dipole: dmin> 0.75 λ.

Il y a donc incompatibilité entre les deux relations relatives au diamètre du réflecteur.There is therefore an incompatibility between the two relationships relating to the diameter of the reflector.

L'invention a pour objet une structure permettant de profiter du phénomène avantageux qui apparait pour d < 0,75 λ , tout en ayant un diamètre de réflecteur d

Figure imgb0002
0,7 λ .The subject of the invention is a structure making it possible to take advantage of the advantageous phenomenon which appears for d <0.75 λ, while having a reflector diameter d
Figure imgb0002
0.7 λ.

L'invention propose à cet effet une antenne à haute efficacité comprenant un réflecteur constitué d'un fond et de parois de direction perpendiculaire à ce fond et de forme cylindrique, à l'intérieur duquel est disposé un dispositif rayonnant dans la direction perpendiculaire à ce fond, le dispositif rayonnant comprenant au moins un fil enroulé en hélice de part et d'autre de l'axe de symétrie du réflecteur qui est l'axe de rayonnement dudit dispositif, chaque fil étant court-circuité au réflecteur par son extrémité située du côté du fond de ce réflecteur et étant alimenté par son autre extrémité caractérisé en ce que au moins un câble coaxial situé à l'intérieur de l'hélice formée par le (ou les) fil (s) rayonnant permet d'alimenter ce (ou ces) fil (s) rayonnants.To this end, the invention provides a high-efficiency antenna comprising a reflector consisting of a bottom and walls of direction perpendicular to this bottom and of cylindrical shape, inside which is disposed a device radiating in the direction perpendicular to it. bottom, the radiating device comprising at least one wire wound helically on either side of the axis of symmetry of the reflector which is the axis of radiation of said device, each wire being short-circuited at the reflector by its end located on the side of the bottom of this reflector and being fed by its other end, characterized in that at least one coaxial cable situated inside the helix formed by the radiating wire (s) makes it possible to supply this (or these) radiating wire (s).

Les avantages que possèdent la présente invention par rapport aux antennes du type "Short Backfire" sont les suivants :
- Le diamètre du réflecteur n'est pas limité par l'encombrement du dipole,
- La directivité de l'élément rayonnant est modulable, contrairement à une antenne "Short Backfire" dont la directivité du dipole est constante.The advantages of the present invention compared to “Short Backfire” type antennas are as follows:
- The diameter of the reflector is not limited by the size of the dipole,
- The directivity of the radiating element is modular, unlike a "Short Backfire" antenna whose directivity of the dipole is constant.

Plus précisément l'invention a pour objet une antenne dans laquel­le quatre câbles coaxiaux sont disposés à l'intérieur d'une hélice qua­drifilaire, les âmes centrales des deux premiers câbles coaxiaux, qui sont des câbles d'alimentation, étant reliées par des premiers circuits métalliques aux âmes centrales des deux autres câbles coaxiaux, une plaque métallique disposée à une certaine distance de cette extrémité permettant de relier les âmes centrales de ces deux derniers câbles coaxiaux et les conducteurs extérieurs des quatre câbles coaxiaux de telle manière que l'impédance présente en sortie des deux câbles d'ali­mentation soit 50Ω, les parties extérieures par rapport au réflecteur de ces quatre câbles coaxiaux étant reliées aux quatre fils par l'inter­ médiare de quatre seconds circuits métalliques.More specifically, the subject of the invention is an antenna in which four coaxial cables are arranged inside a quadrifilar helix, the central cores of the first two coaxial cables, which are power cables, being connected by first circuits metallic to the central cores of the other two coaxial cables, a metal plate disposed at a certain distance from this end making it possible to connect the central cores of these last two coaxial cables and the outer conductors of the four coaxial cables so that the impedance present in output of the two power cables, i.e. 50Ω, the external parts relative to the reflector of these four coaxial cables being connected to the four wires by the inter mediate of four second metal circuits.

Avantageusement l'invention se rapporte à une antenne dans laquelle les premiers circuits métalliques sont réalisés par des couches métalliques disposées de part et d'autre d'un premier circuit imprimé, les seconds circuits métalliques étant réalisés par des couches métalli­ques disposées sur une première face d'un second imprimé superposé par sa seconde face avec l'une des faces du premier circuit imprimé.Advantageously, the invention relates to an antenna in which the first metal circuits are produced by metal layers arranged on either side of a first printed circuit, the second metal circuits being produced by metal layers arranged on a first face. a second print superimposed by its second face with one of the faces of the first printed circuit.

Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre, à titre d'exemple non limita­tif, en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :
- la figure 1 illustre une vue en perspective schématique d'une antenne selon l'invention, le réflecteur étant représenté en coupe ;
- la figure 2 illustre une vue partielle en perspective de la source rayonnante de l'invention ;
- la figure 3 illustre une vue en coupe selon le plan III-III de la source rayonnante représentée à la figure 2.The characteristics and advantages of the invention will moreover emerge from the description which follows, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- Figure 1 illustrates a schematic perspective view of an antenna according to the invention, the reflector being shown in section;
- Figure 2 illustrates a partial perspective view of the radiating source of the invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates a sectional view along plane III-III of the radiating source shown in FIG. 2.

La présente invention se rapporte à une élément rayonnant, constitué d'une hélice quadrifilaire 10, placé dans un réflecteur 11 ayant un fond 8 et des parois 9 latérales de direction perpendiculaire à ce fond et de forme cylindrique. Les dimensions du réflecteur 11 sont optimisées pour obtenir la superposition en phase, dans la direction de l'axe de rayonnement Δ , des composantes rayonnées par l'hélice 10 d'une part, et par le bord supérieur 12 du réflecteur 11 d'autre part.The present invention relates to a radiating element, consisting of a quadrifilar helix 10, placed in a reflector 11 having a bottom 8 and side walls 9 of direction perpendicular to this bottom and of cylindrical shape. The dimensions of the reflector 11 are optimized to obtain the superposition in phase, in the direction of the radiation axis Δ, of the components radiated by the propeller 10 on the one hand, and by the upper edge 12 of the reflector 11 on the other go.

L'antenne selon l'invention comprend quatre câbles coaxiaux 13, 14, 15, 16 qui sont de directions parallèles à l'axe du rayonnement Δ .The antenna according to the invention comprises four coaxial cables 13, 14, 15, 16 which are in directions parallel to the axis of the radiation Δ.

Les âmes centrales 20 et 21 des deux premiers câbles coaxiaux 13, 14, qui sont des câbles d'alimentation, sont reliées par des circuits 24 et 25 aux âmes centrales 22 et 23 des câbles coaxiaux 15 et 16. Ces âmes centrales 22 et 23 sont court-circuitées aux conducteurs extérieurs des câbles coaxiaux 13, 14, 15, 16 par une plaque métallique 26 à une distance e telle que l'impédance présentée en sortie des câbles coaxiaux 13 et 14 soit de 50 Ω .The central cores 20 and 21 of the first two coaxial cables 13, 14, which are power cables, are connected by circuits 24 and 25 to the central cores 22 and 23 of the coaxial cables 15 and 16. These central cores 22 and 23 are short-circuited to the outer conductors of the coaxial cables 13, 14, 15, 16 by a metal plate 26 at a distance e such that the impedance presented at the output of the coaxial cables 13 and 14 is 50 Ω.

L'hélice quadrifilaire 10 est constituée de quatre brins rayonnants 27, 28, 29, 30 qui sont alimentés par le sommet ; leur base étant court-circuitée au réflecteur 11, ce qui lui permet d'être assimilée, en première analyse, à un dipole recourbé.The quadrifilar propeller 10 consists of four radiating strands 27, 28, 29, 30 which are fed from the top; their base being short-circuited to the reflector 11, which allows it to be assimilated, at first analysis, to a curved dipole.

Ces brins rayonnants 27, 28, 29 et 30 sont reliés aux conducteurs extérieurs des coaxiaux 13, 14, 15, 16 par les circuits 31, 32, 33, 34. Ces brins rayonnants sont court-circuités au réflecteur 11 par l'inter­médiaire d'une plaque 17. En fonction de la valeur du diamètre d du réflecteur, la hauteur h du réflecteur est optimisée.These radiating strands 27, 28, 29 and 30 are connected to the external conductors of the coaxials 13, 14, 15, 16 by the circuits 31, 32, 33, 34. These radiating strands are short-circuited at the reflector 11 via 'a plate 17. Depending on the value of the diameter d of the reflector, the height h of the reflector is optimized.

Sur les figures 1, 2 et 3 les circuits 24, 25 qui permettent de relier les âmes centrales 20 et 21 des câbles 13 et 14 aux âmes 22 et 23 des câbles 15 et 16, sont représentés par des dépôts métalliques effectués de part et d'autre d'un premier circuit imprimé 35 ; les cir­cuits 31, 32, 33 et 34 qui permettent de relier les conducteurs extérieurs des câbles coaxiaux 13, 14, 15 et 16 aux brins rayonnants 27, 28, 29, et 30 sont des dépôts métalliques effectués sur une première face d'un deuxième circuit imprimé 36 dont la seconde face est superposée à l'une des faces du premier circuit imprimé 35.In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 the circuits 24, 25 which make it possible to connect the central cores 20 and 21 of the cables 13 and 14 to the cores 22 and 23 of the cables 15 and 16, are represented by metallic deposits made on either side another of a first printed circuit 35; the circuits 31, 32, 33 and 34 which allow the external conductors of the coaxial cables 13, 14, 15 and 16 to be connected to the radiating strands 27, 28, 29, and 30 are metallic deposits made on a first face of a second printed circuit 36, the second face of which is superimposed on one of the faces of the first printed circuit 35.

Une telle antenne est principalement utilisée à des fréquences inférieures à 4 GHz. Contrairement aux antennes de l'art connu, compor­tant un dipole situé à l'intérieur d'un réflecteur cylindrique dont la directivité est donnée, dans l'antenne selon l'invention on peut jouer, à une fréquence donnée, sur le rapport diamètre/hauteur du réflecteur.Such an antenna is mainly used at frequencies below 4 GHz. Unlike the antennas of the known art, comprising a dipole located inside a cylindrical reflector whose directivity is given, in the antenna according to the invention it is possible to act, at a given frequency, on the diameter / height of the reflector.

Dans le cas où l'on utilise l'antenne précitée comme élément rayonnant d'une antenne réseau un domaine de valeur du diamètre d est particulièrement intéressant. Elle est définie par la relation donnant la distance inter-éléments L = 0.67 λ < L < 0.54 λ .In the case where the above-mentioned antenna is used as the radiating element of a network antenna, a value range of the diameter d is particularly advantageous. It is defined by the relation giving the inter-element distance L = 0.67 λ <L <0.54 λ.

Pour ces valeurs, les lobes de réseaux n'apparaisent pas. Il en résulte une efficacité optimale de l'antenne. Mais la diminution de cette distance L contribue généralement à augmenter de manière importante le couplage entre éléments. Dans le cas de la présente invention, le critère de cohérence du rayonnement issu de l'hélice 10 d'une part, et du bord supérieur 12 du réflecteur 11 d'autre part, corrèle la diminution de diamètre d, à une augmentation de la hauteur h du réflecteur 11, et donc améliore l'isolation directe entre éléments. Avec une telle antenne réseau le critère d'optimisation est d'obtenir une directivité maximale dans l'axe du rayonnement. Mais ce critère pourrait être d'obtenir un taux d'ellipticité maximal sur une couverture donnée, par exemple avec une antenne multidirectionnelle.For these values, the lobes of networks do not appear. This results in optimal antenna efficiency. However, the reduction in this distance L generally contributes to significantly increasing the coupling between elements. In the case of the present invention, the criterion of coherence of the radiation coming from the propeller 10 on the one hand, and from the upper edge 12 of the reflector 11 on the other hand, correlates the reduction in diameter d, to an increase in the height h of the reflector 11, and therefore improves the direct insulation between elements. With such a network antenna, the optimization criterion is to obtain maximum directivity in the axis of the radiation. But this criterion could be to obtain a maximum ellipticity rate on a blanket given, for example with a multidirectional antenna.

Il est bien entendu que la présente invention n'a été décrite et représentée qu'à titre d'exemple préférentiel et que l'on pourra remplacer ses éléments constitutifs par des éléments équivalents sans, pour autant, sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is understood that the present invention has only been described and shown as a preferred example and that its constituent elements can be replaced by equivalent elements without, however, departing from the scope of the invention.

Ainsi l'élément rayonnant 10 peut être aussi bien une hélice composée d'un ou de plusieurs fils : monofilaire, bifilaire... Cette hélice peut également être de forme conique.Thus the radiating element 10 can also be a helix composed of one or more wires: monofilar, bifilar, etc. This helix can also be of conical shape.

Claims (6)

1/ Antenne à haute efficacité comprenant un réflecteur (11) constitué d'un fond (8) et de parois (9) de direction perpendiculaire à ce fond et de forme cylindrique, à l'intérieur duquel est disposé un dispositif rayonnant (10) dans la direction perpendiculaire à ce fond, le dispositif rayonnant (10) comprenant au moins un fil (27) enroulé en hélice de part et d'autre de l'axe de symétrie du réflecteur qui est l'axe de rayonnement ( Δ ) dudit dispositif, chaque fil étant court-­circuité au réflecteur par son extrémité situé du côté du fond de ce réflecteur (11) et étant alimenté par son autre extrémité, caractérisé en ce que au moins un câble coaxial (13) situé à l'intérieur de l'hélice formée par le (ou les) fil (s) rayonnant permet d'alimenter ce (ou ces) fil (s) rayonnants.1 / High efficiency antenna comprising a reflector (11) consisting of a bottom (8) and walls (9) of direction perpendicular to this bottom and of cylindrical shape, inside which is disposed a radiating device (10) in the direction perpendicular to this bottom, the radiating device (10) comprising at least one wire (27) wound helically on either side of the axis of symmetry of the reflector which is the axis of radiation (Δ) of said device, each wire being short-circuited at the reflector by its end situated on the bottom side of this reflector (11) and being supplied by its other end, characterized in that at least one coaxial cable (13) situated inside the propeller formed by the radiating wire (s) makes it possible to supply this (or these) radiating wire (s). 2/ Antenne selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque câble coaxial est parallèle à l'axe de rayonnement ( Δ ).2 / Antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that each coaxial cable is parallel to the radiation axis (Δ). 3/ Antenne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, carac­térisé en ce que le dispositif rayonnant (10) comporte quatre fils (27, 28, 29, 30) enroulés pour former une hélice quadrifilaire.3 / An antenna according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radiating device (10) comprises four wires (27, 28, 29, 30) wound to form a quadrifilar helix. 4/ Antenne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, carac­térisé en ce que quatre câbles coaxiaux (13, 14, 15, 16) sont disposés à l'intérieur d'une hélice quadrifilaire (10), les âmes centrales (20, 21) des deux premiers câbles coaxiaux (13, 14), qui sont des câbles d'alimentation, étant reliées par des premiers circuits métalli­ques (24, 25) aux âmes centrales (22, 23) des deux autres câbles coaxiaux (15, 16), une plaque métallique (26) disposée à une certaine distance (e) de cette extrémité permettant de relier les âmes centrales (22, 23) de ces deux derniers câbles coaxiaux (15, 16) et les conducteurs extérieurs des quatre câbles coaxiaux (13, 14, 15, 16) de telle manière que l'impédance présente en sortie des deux câbles d'ali­mentation (13, 14) soit 50Ω, et en ce que les parties extérieures par rapport au réflecteur de ces quatre câbles coaxiaux (13, 14, 15, 16) soient reliées aux quatre fils (27, 28, 29, 30) par l'intermédiaire de quatre seconds circuits métalliques (31, 32, 33, 34).4 / Antenna according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that four coaxial cables (13, 14, 15, 16) are arranged inside a quadrifilar helix (10), the central cores (20, 21 ) of the first two coaxial cables (13, 14), which are power cables, being connected by first metallic circuits (24, 25) to the central cores (22, 23) of the other two coaxial cables (15, 16) , a metal plate (26) disposed at a certain distance (e) from this end making it possible to connect the central cores (22, 23) of these last two coaxial cables (15, 16) and the external conductors of the four coaxial cables (13 , 14, 15, 16) in such a way that the impedance present at the output of the two supply cables (13, 14) is 50Ω, and in that the external parts relative to the reflector of these four coaxial cables (13, 14, 15, 16) are connected to the four wires (27, 28, 29, 30) via four second metal circuits s (31, 32, 33, 34). 5/ Antenne selon la revendication 4 caractérisé en ce que les premiers circuits métalliques (24, 25) sont réalisés par des couches métalliques disposées de part et d'autre d'un premier circuit imprimé (35), et en ce que les seconds circuits métalliques (31, 32, 33, 34) sont réalisés par des couches métalliques disposées sur une première face d'un second circuit imprimé (36) superposé par sa seconde face avec l'une des faces du premier circuit imprimé (35).5 / antenna according to claim 4 characterized in that the first metal circuits (24, 25) are made by metal layers arranged on either side of a first printed circuit (35), and in that the second metal circuits (31, 32, 33, 34) are produced by metal layers arranged on a first face of a second circuit printed (36) superimposed by its second face with one of the faces of the first printed circuit (35). 6/ Antenne selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, carac­térisé par le fait que les fils enroulés (27, 28, 29, 30) forment une hélice de forme conique.6 / antenna according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coiled son (27, 28, 29, 30) form a conical helix.
EP19870105544 1986-04-15 1987-04-14 High-efficiency antenna Expired - Lifetime EP0241921B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8605359A FR2597267B1 (en) 1986-04-15 1986-04-15 HIGH EFFICIENCY ANTENNA
FR8605359 1986-04-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0241921A1 true EP0241921A1 (en) 1987-10-21
EP0241921B1 EP0241921B1 (en) 1992-01-08

Family

ID=9334237

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870105544 Expired - Lifetime EP0241921B1 (en) 1986-04-15 1987-04-14 High-efficiency antenna

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0241921B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3775812D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2028820T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2597267B1 (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0469741A1 (en) * 1990-08-02 1992-02-05 Symmetricom, Inc. Radio frequency apparatus
US5170176A (en) * 1990-02-27 1992-12-08 Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co., Ltd. Quadrifilar helix antenna
WO1998002936A1 (en) * 1996-07-16 1998-01-22 Qualcomm Incorporated Modified helical antenna
US5945963A (en) * 1996-01-23 1999-08-31 Symmetricom, Inc. Dielectrically loaded antenna and a handheld radio communication unit including such an antenna
US6181297B1 (en) 1994-08-25 2001-01-30 Symmetricom, Inc. Antenna
US6300917B1 (en) 1999-05-27 2001-10-09 Sarantel Limited Antenna
US6369776B1 (en) 1999-02-08 2002-04-09 Sarantel Limited Antenna
US6552693B1 (en) 1998-12-29 2003-04-22 Sarantel Limited Antenna
US6690336B1 (en) 1998-06-16 2004-02-10 Symmetricom, Inc. Antenna

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4494117A (en) * 1982-07-19 1985-01-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Dual sense, circularly polarized helical antenna
EP0169823A1 (en) * 1984-07-20 1986-01-29 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson Transmitter-receiver system in a satelite

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4494117A (en) * 1982-07-19 1985-01-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Dual sense, circularly polarized helical antenna
EP0169823A1 (en) * 1984-07-20 1986-01-29 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson Transmitter-receiver system in a satelite

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. AP-32, no. 4, avril 1984, pages 414,415, IEEE, New York, US; H.P. COLEMAN et al.: "An orthogonal mode (dual-sense) helical antenna" *
PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE, vol. 53, juillet 1965, pages 746,747; F.J. ZUCKER: "The backfire antenna: A qualitative approach to its design" *
THE RADIO AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEER, mai 1967, pages 317-321; S.C. LOH et al.: "The radiation characteristics of the backfire helical and zigzag antennae" *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5170176A (en) * 1990-02-27 1992-12-08 Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co., Ltd. Quadrifilar helix antenna
EP0469741A1 (en) * 1990-08-02 1992-02-05 Symmetricom, Inc. Radio frequency apparatus
US5191352A (en) * 1990-08-02 1993-03-02 Navstar Limited Radio frequency apparatus
US6181297B1 (en) 1994-08-25 2001-01-30 Symmetricom, Inc. Antenna
US5945963A (en) * 1996-01-23 1999-08-31 Symmetricom, Inc. Dielectrically loaded antenna and a handheld radio communication unit including such an antenna
WO1998002936A1 (en) * 1996-07-16 1998-01-22 Qualcomm Incorporated Modified helical antenna
US6690336B1 (en) 1998-06-16 2004-02-10 Symmetricom, Inc. Antenna
US6552693B1 (en) 1998-12-29 2003-04-22 Sarantel Limited Antenna
US6369776B1 (en) 1999-02-08 2002-04-09 Sarantel Limited Antenna
US6300917B1 (en) 1999-05-27 2001-10-09 Sarantel Limited Antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2028820T3 (en) 1992-07-16
FR2597267B1 (en) 1988-07-22
EP0241921B1 (en) 1992-01-08
DE3775812D1 (en) 1992-02-20
FR2597267A1 (en) 1987-10-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA1291560C (en) Helicoidal antenna and method for fabricating said antenna
EP0886889B1 (en) Wide band printed network antenna
EP2869400B1 (en) Bi-polarisation compact power distributor, network of a plurality of distributors, compact radiating element and planar antenna having such a distributor
FR2614472A1 (en) ANTENNA NETWORK WITH HEXAGONAL CORS
FR2640431A1 (en) RADIANT MULTI-FREQUENCY DEVICE
FR2655204A1 (en) WAVEGUIDE SUPPLY NETWORK ANTENNA.
FR2556510A1 (en) PLANE PERIODIC ANTENNA
WO2002103844A1 (en) Antenna
FR2698212A1 (en) Radiant elementary source for array antenna and radiating sub-assembly comprising such sources.
FR2709878A1 (en) Monopolar wire-plate antenna.
EP0241921B1 (en) High-efficiency antenna
EP0193426B1 (en) Miniature antenna providing gain
EP1540768B1 (en) Broadband helical antenna
EP1516392B1 (en) Wire antenna
EP3664214B1 (en) Multiple access radiant elements
EP1523062B1 (en) Omnidirectional antenna for transmitting and receiving audio/video signals
FR2641133A1 (en)
FR2613140A1 (en) PARALLELEPIPEDIC CORNET ANTENNA WITH DISTRIBUTION OF THE LINEARIZED OPENING FIELD IN TWO POLARIZATIONS
BE1011665A5 (en) An improved spiral antennas
EP0005396B1 (en) Hyperfrequency circuit with a resonant cavity equipped with pairs of peripheral diodes
FR2590081A1 (en) LINEAR POLARIZED GRID REFLECTING ANTENNA WITH IMPROVED TRANSVERSE POLARIZATION PERFORMANCE
FR2655199A1 (en) BAND REMOVAL FILTER FOR MICROWAVE WAVEGUIDE.
FR2470457A1 (en) SLOT NETWORK ANTENNA WITH AMPLITUDE DISTRIBUTION IN A SMALL CIRCULAR OPENING
EP0762529B1 (en) Iris polarizer for an antenna primary source
FR2685820A1 (en) GUIDE TO RADIANT SLOTS NOT INCLINED EXCITED BY METALLIC SHUTTERS.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BE DE ES FR GB IT NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19880418

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19901211

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): BE DE ES FR GB IT NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3775812

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19920220

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: JACOBACCI & PERANI S.P.A.

ITTA It: last paid annual fee
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2028820

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19921230

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19930121

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19930122

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19930202

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19930217

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19930225

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19930430

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19940414

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19940415

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19940415

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19940430

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: ALCATEL ESPACE

Effective date: 19940430

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19941101

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19940414

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19941229

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19950103

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 87105544.8

Effective date: 19941110

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 19990201

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050414