EP0261468A2 - Arrangement for a centrifuge - Google Patents
Arrangement for a centrifuge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0261468A2 EP0261468A2 EP87112853A EP87112853A EP0261468A2 EP 0261468 A2 EP0261468 A2 EP 0261468A2 EP 87112853 A EP87112853 A EP 87112853A EP 87112853 A EP87112853 A EP 87112853A EP 0261468 A2 EP0261468 A2 EP 0261468A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- separation
- arrangement according
- channel
- separation container
- centrifuge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
- B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
- B04B5/0407—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers for liquids contained in receptacles
- B04B5/0428—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers for liquids contained in receptacles with flexible receptacles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a centrifuge arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a generic centrifuge arrangement is known for example from DE-OS 28 21 055. From this publication a centrifuge arrangement with a centrifuge rotor is known, the middle part of which has a channel closed on three sides. A separation container can be placed in this channel. Since this separation container consists of semi-rigid material, it lies against the walls of the channel during centrifugation due to the high pressures that occur, and is supported on its two side walls and its bottom wall.
- the final shape of the separation channel of the separation container is only created after insertion into the channel present in the central part of the centrifuge rotor.
- this channel can never be dimensioned and designed so precisely that the separation container lies evenly on all sides of the channel during centrifugation, which in turn has a negative effect on the separation performance of the known centrifuge arrangement.
- the dimension of the channel in the centrifuge body is limited, so that only certain dimensioned separation containers can be inserted.
- centrifuge arrangement is known from DE-OS 26 24 154, Fig. 4 there.
- This centrifuge arrangement has a centrifuge rotor which comprises a drive disk, a drive source connected to the drive disk and a separation container.
- the separation container itself has at least one circular separation channel closed on all sides and at least one separation chamber connected to it, which is connected to an outlet channel, while the separation channel is connected to at least one inlet channel. These channels lead from their connections to the separation chamber or the separation channel to the center of the separation container or the drive disk on which the separation container is fixed.
- the separation container consists of flexible, elastic material, such as polyvinyl chloride suitable for medical purposes, and is welded together, for example, from two circular pieces of the same shape. After attaching the inlet and outlet channels to the separation container, the latter is inserted into the drive disk of the centrifuge rotor and fastened to it by means of an additional cover. Furthermore, a hydraulic fluid must be introduced between the separation container and the surface of the centrifuge rotor for pressure equalization and to prevent the separation container from bursting.
- this known centrifuge arrangement has the disadvantage that a relatively high manufacturing outlay has to be carried out for it, since first two pieces of the same shape are made of flexible material, these are precisely connected to one another and then using a hydraulic protective liquid must be attached to the centrifuge rotor.
- the centrifuge arrangement according to the invention enables a completely uniform channel shape of the separation container, which has very small fluctuations in diameter and height. This in turn enables a particularly advantageous, laminar and even flow of the material to be centrifuged during operation, which is always good even when treating a wide variety of media Centrifugation results enabled.
- the separation container can be made to size accurately and in a simple manner and can be inserted extremely easily into the centrifuge rotor. This generally simplifies the handling of the centrifuge arrangement according to the invention, and material and cost reductions of the separation container, which can also be formed as a one-off part, also result from simple and easy construction.
- the separation chamber can, for example, be composed of only two parts, the separation chamber housing and the sealing cover.
- the separation container does not have to be individually balanced, but only in connection with the drive disc, i.e. only once per centrifuge arrangement. Balancing of the one-off part is not necessary, which leads to considerable simplifications in the case of asymmetrical duct arrangements. Furthermore, the separation container does not need its own connection to the drive source, which is very expensive to implement, but this connection is only present once on the drive pulley.
- rigid or semi-rigid material makes it possible to create clear-sighted areas which, for example, allow the creation of window areas for the arrangement of measuring devices, such as light barriers.
- the rigid and semi-rigid material also makes it possible to manufacture a very smooth, transparent surface and thus to obtain a stroboscopic view of the centrifugation process.
- a further advantageous separation can be achieved by accommodating two separating containers which are connected to one another for a two-stage separation on a drive disk.
- the separation container (1) is designed as a self-supporting part made of rigid or semi-rigid material, but the material has a certain flexibility. This has the advantage that the separation container (1) is dimensionally stable on the one hand, but due to its flexibility it can be deformed to a certain extent, in particular its diameter can be reduced, which makes it easier to handle, particularly when assembling it centrifuge arrangement according to the invention considerably simplified.
- the separation container (1) is designed as a circular ring, which, however, is not closed.
- the separation container (1) has two ends (2, 3) arranged opposite one another, which delimit an intermediate space (4). This makes it possible to move the two ends (2, 3) towards one another due to the flexibility of the material of the separation container (1), in that the ends are pressed together until they come to lie on one another.
- the end region (3) can be provided with a suitable handle part (5). Further details of the separation container (1) are explained below with reference to FIG. 4.
- the separation container (1) in Fig. 4 From the top view of the separation container (1) in Fig. 4, its circular ring shape is again indicated. It can also be seen that the separation container (1) in the example has a separation channel (6) which runs almost around the entire circumference of the separation container (1). The representation of the full circular separation channel has been omitted here for reasons of clarity. Furthermore, in the example case, an end region of the separation channel (6), which lies at the end (3) of the separation container (1), is provided with a pipe socket (7) which, in the final assembly state, is connected to an inlet channel for introducing material to be centrifuged by means of a piece of hose . The other end (4) is provided with a pipe socket (8) which, in the final assembly state, is connected to outlet channels from which the centrifuged components are derived.
- a separation chamber (9) is also arranged, which has an enlarged cross section compared to the separation channel (6) and whose height is preferably reduced compared to the height of the separation channel (6), for which purpose an inclined surface (9 ⁇ ) from the upper end region of the separation channel (6) can be provided up to a ceiling area of the separation chamber (9), which is not shown in FIG. 4. If this inclined surface (9 ⁇ ), which is shown in FIG. 1 as a dashed line, is provided, it serves to reduce the layer thickness, for example to attach an optical detector system. However, it is also possible to design the height of the separation chamber (9) in accordance with the height of the separation channel (6), that is to say not to reduce the height.
- the pipe socket (8) has three differently long discharge socket (10, 11, 11 ⁇ ), which extend into different areas of the separation chamber (9), so that it is possible to separate areas of different centrifuged components in the separation chamber (9) through the respective connection piece (10, 11, 11 ⁇ ) by means of hoses.
- the radially shortest nozzle (10) is used in the separation of blood to withdraw the lightest blood component, namely the plasma, while the radially longest nozzle (11 ⁇ ) is used to remove the heaviest component, i.e. the erythrocytes.
- the nozzle (11) which may be located radially approximately in the middle, on the other hand, is used to remove leukocytes or thrombocytes ("buffy coat"). In the case of pure plasma separation, this nozzle can be omitted.
- only one separation channel (6) is provided, however it is also possible to provide a plurality of separation channels which are connected to one another and which can be arranged, for example, concentrically one inside the other.
- the separation channel (6) has a rectangular cross-section, at least in larger partial areas, and comprises a channel floor (12) and fixed channel walls (13) or (vertical) fixed to the channel floor and substantially perpendicular to it. 14).
- the open side remaining accordingly is closed by means of a permanently attached liquid-sealing cover (15).
- the separation chamber (9) also has the walls (13, 14) and the channel floor (12), but the walls (13, 14) extend at a gradually increasing distance from each other, so that the from Fig. 4 in individual apparent form of the separation chamber (9) results.
- the separation chamber (9) is also provided with the cover (15), the shape of which is adapted to the course of the walls (13, 14) delimiting the separation chamber (9).
- a wall (16) is also provided which connects the walls (13, 14) and completely closes the separation chamber (9).
- a corresponding wall (17) is also provided in the end region (3), so that the separation channel (6) is closed on all sides and only via the connecting piece (7) and a recess provided in the wall (14) with the outer region in connection stands.
- the liquid-tight cover (15) is also to be said that it can be larger than the opening of the channel (6), the length of the cover (15) slightly larger than the length of the open channel (6) and its width at no point significantly greater than the distance between the outer surfaces of the channel walls (13, 14) from one another, but greater than the distance of the inner surfaces of the channel walls (13, 14) can be.
- the cover can also consist of several parts which close different sections of the channels.
- the area formed by the channel floor (12) can protrude beyond the side walls (13, 14) of the separation channel and thus form a base area on which several or different channel walls can be arranged in fixed positions relative to one another at certain positions.
- This base area for fixing the position of different channels or channel sections can also be formed between the channel walls, in particular on the open side of the channels, since here the greatest stability is required for the welding process.
- the wall thicknesses of the channel walls (13, 14) and the bottom wall (12) and the cover (15) are in the range from 0.5 to 5 mm and in particular in the range from 1.5 to 3 mm.
- the material used for the separation channel (6) and the separation chamber (9) can be plastic, in particular suitable for medical purposes, preferably as a clear material.
- plastic in particular suitable for medical purposes, preferably as a clear material.
- polycarbonate, PVC or styrene can be used.
- the walls (13, 14) and the bottom wall (12) can form a part to which the cover (15) can be applied, for example by gluing, ultrasonic welding, vibration welding or thermal welding. It is also possible to clamp the cover (15).
- the separation channel is sealed by the cover (15), it being possible for one To provide fixation aid for locking by providing guides.
- the drive disk (18) has a circular base plate (19), which can also be seen in FIG. 3.
- a cylindrical connecting piece (20) is arranged in the center of the base plate (19) and, according to FIG. 3, has a central passage recess (21) and an adjoining recess in the lower region, its diameter enlarged, for connecting a not shown Drive source is used, wherein the recess can be provided with a keyway profile, for example.
- the inlet and outlet hoses which are also not shown, are introduced into the passage recess (21), which lead to the separation chamber or to the separation channel and are closed by means of a lever (22) which is latched in.
- the drive disk (18) has a device (23) on which the separation container (1) is supported via the separation channel (6) or the separation chamber (9), this device (23) fixed to the drive pulley (18), or its base plate (19) is arranged. More precisely, the device (23) has surfaces facing the axis of rotation of the drive pulley (18), which in the example is a circular surface or wall (29) due to the circular design thereof. This wall (29) is substantially lower right on the drive pulley (18) or its base plate (19).
- a groove (24) is also formed in the surface of the base plate (19), which, as can be seen in detail from FIG. 3, adjoins the wall (29) and from there onto the axis of rotation of the drive disk (18 ) extends. 3, the width of the groove (24) is somewhat larger than the width of the separation channel (6), but this is not mandatory.
- the wall (29) extends around the radially outermost edge of the drive disk (18) and encompasses its entire circumference, thus forming a closed ring.
- the wall (29) has at its upper edge a radially inwardly extending projection (25) which also runs around the entire edge and preferably two, reduced in diameter, opposite Has areas (26), which can be seen in detail from Fig. 2.
- the projection (25) forms a ring around the entire circumference of the wall (29) with a smaller inner diameter than the inner diameter of the annular wall (29) and therefore overlaps at least a part of the separation container (1) or its cover (15 ), so that he can prevent the separation container (1) from slipping out in a direction away from the base plate (19).
- Fig. 3 illustrates the state in which the separation container (1) is inserted into the drive pulley (18).
- the separation container (1) has an elasticity due to the use of flexible material, which it does possible to move the ends (2, 3) towards each other, which in turn makes it possible to insert the separation container (1) into the drive disk (18) despite the projection (25).
- the ends (2, 3) are moved towards each other by pressing the handle pieces (5) together, the separation container (1) is inserted and then the ends (2, 3) are released, whereupon they move away from each other again due to the inherent elasticity of the separation container (1) and thus assume the position illustrated in FIG.
- this design leads to the advantage of reducing the material of the separation container (1), since the centrifugal forces which occur when the centrifuge arrangement is actuated can be transmitted to the wall (29) of the drive disc (18) and absorbed by it, so that the separation container (1) itself is relieved to a great extent and consequently it is not necessary to train it in a particularly stable manner.
- the channel shapes no consideration needs to be given to the balancing behavior, since the separation container (1) is only balanced together with the drive disk (18), so that counterweights only have to be attached to the drive disk. To do that To make it easier to insert or remove the separation container (1) and to lock it securely, there are further recesses (27) on the inner surface of the drive disk (18).
- the separation container (1) has corresponding projections (30) at its ends (2, 3). So that the behavior of the separation of the liquid can be observed, an opening (28) can be provided in the base plate (19) of the drive disk (18).
- the separation channel (6) In operation of the centrifuge arrangement according to the invention, in which, according to FIG. 3, the separation container (1) is inserted into the drive disk (18), blood is introduced into the separation channel (6), for example, via the inlet channel which is attached to the nozzle (7).
- erythrocytes for example, collect in the outer region, that is, adjacent to the wall (13), whereas blood plasma collects in the inner region, that is, adjacent to the wall (14).
- erythrocytes for example, collect in the outer region, that is, adjacent to the wall (13)
- blood plasma collects in the inner region, that is, adjacent to the wall (14).
- These two components migrate in connection with the platelets during centrifugation into the separation chamber (9), from which they can be removed separately via the connection piece (8) or the discharge connection piece (10, 11, 11 ⁇ ) according to FIG. 5.
- the separation channel (6) Due to the constant design of the cross section, the separation channel (6) in particular results in a laminar, uniform flow, which is important and
- the centrifuge arrangement according to the invention also has the advantage that it can be easily flushed out, since the channel shape is independent of the filling material and pressure and thus does not coincide after the material to be centrifuged has been removed.
- the expansion of the separation chamber to the outside favors the separation of the components of the material to be centrifuged, it being possible, for example, through an additionally recessed area (27) adjacent to the wall (16) of the separation chamber (9) Introduce saline solution to rinse completely without residue.
- This recessed area is connected to the end of the discharge nozzle (11 ⁇ ), so that in connection with a hose of a hose system, not shown, connected to the nozzle (7, 10, 11, 11 ⁇ ), erythrocytes or saline solution can be discharged.
- the separation channel (1) is only formed almost as a semicircular element and contains at one end (2) the separation chamber (9) already described in its design according to FIGS. 4 and 5.
- the nozzle (10) leads the nozzle (10) as a U-shaped channel (31), which has a slope, to an egg-shaped second separation container (32).
- This separation container (32), which lies in the interior of the semicircular element, also has essentially a rectangular cross section and comprises a channel base (33) and fixed channel walls (34) and (35), which are fixedly connected to the channel base and perpendicular to it. The correspondingly remaining open side is closed by means of a permanently attached liquid-sealing lid.
- a connector (36) is provided on the separation container (32) on its inward-facing side and on the opposite side, the outermost point of the separation container (32), there is a further extraction connector (37). This is preferably formed obliquely inwards and downwards.
- the cross section of the separation container (32) can be enlarged in this area in order to obtain a collecting space.
- the supply nozzle (38) is arranged at the end of the separation channel (1) opposite the separation chamber (9).
- These two-stage separation containers (1,32) are arranged in a suitable manner on a drive disk (not shown in more detail).
- the blood is introduced into the separation container (1) via the feed connector (38), erythrocytes, for example, collecting in the outer region, ie adjacent to the wall (13), whereas in the inner region, that is to say adjacent to the wall (14), Bluplasma collects.
- erythrocytes for example, collecting in the outer region, ie adjacent to the wall (13), whereas in the inner region, that is to say adjacent to the wall (14), Bluplasma collects.
- These two components migrate in connection with the platelets into the separation chamber (9) during centrifugation, the erythrocytes being able to be removed via the extraction nozzle (11 ⁇ ).
- the platelet-containing plasma is passed via the discharge nozzle (10) or the U-shaped channel (31) into the egg-shaped second separation container (32).
- the platelets are separated from the blood plasma and, as a result of the centrifugal forces, they now reach the area of the discharge nozzle (37) from which the platelets are derived.
- the remaining plasma water reaches the opposite side of the separation container (32) to the nozzle (36), via which the plasma water is removed from the separation container (32).
- a combination arrangement of the separation container (1) according to FIG. 4 and the egg-shaped second separation container (32) would also be conceivable, whereby these are also by the nozzle (10) and channel (31) are connected, as just described. Only the feed connector (38) would be at the opposite end (3).
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zentrifugenanordnung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a centrifuge arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine gattungsgemäße Zentrifugenanordnung ist beispielsweise aus der DE-OS 28 21 055 bekannt. Aus dieser Druckschrift ist eine Zentrifugenanordnung mit einem Zentrifugenrotor bekannt, dessen Mittelteil einen an drei Seiten geschlossenen Kanal aufweist. In diesen Kanal kann ein Separationsbehälter eingelegt werden. Da dieser Separationsbehälter aus halbsteifen Material besteht, legt er sich während der Zentrifugation durch die hohen auftretenden Drücke an die Wände des Kanales an und stützt sich dabei an dessen beiden Seitenwänden und dessen Bodenwand ab.A generic centrifuge arrangement is known for example from DE-OS 28 21 055. From this publication a centrifuge arrangement with a centrifuge rotor is known, the middle part of which has a channel closed on three sides. A separation container can be placed in this channel. Since this separation container consists of semi-rigid material, it lies against the walls of the channel during centrifugation due to the high pressures that occur, and is supported on its two side walls and its bottom wall.
Hierbei ist jedoch nachteilig, daß die endgültige Form des Separationskanales des Separationsbehälters erst nach Einlegen in den im Mittelteil des Zentrifugenrotors vorhandenen Kanal geschaffen wird. Dieser Kanal kann jedoch aus Fertigungsgründen nie so exakt dimensioniert und ausgeführt werden, daß sich der Separationsbehälter während der Zentrifugation gleichmäßig an alle Seiten des Kanales anlegt, was wiederum die Separationsleistung der bekannten Zentrifugenanordnung negativ beeinflußt. Darüber hinaus ist der im Zentrifugenkörper befindliche Kanal von seiner Dimension her begrenzt, so daß nur bestimmte dimensionierte Separationsbehälter eingelegt werden können.However, it is disadvantageous here that the final shape of the separation channel of the separation container is only created after insertion into the channel present in the central part of the centrifuge rotor. For production reasons, however, this channel can never be dimensioned and designed so precisely that the separation container lies evenly on all sides of the channel during centrifugation, which in turn has a negative effect on the separation performance of the known centrifuge arrangement. In addition, the dimension of the channel in the centrifuge body is limited, so that only certain dimensioned separation containers can be inserted.
Eine weitere Zentrifugenanordnung ist aus der DE-OS 28 21 057, dort die Fig. 1, bekannt, die jedoch im wesentlichen der gattungsgemäßen Zentrifugenanordnung entspricht und daher ebenfalls deren Nachteile aufweist.Another centrifuge arrangement is known from DE-OS 28 21 057, there Fig. 1, which, however essentially corresponds to the generic centrifuge arrangement and therefore also has its disadvantages.
Eine weitere Zentrifugenanordnung ist aus der DE-OS 26 24 154, dortige Fig. 4 bekannt. Diese Zentrifugenanordnung weist einen Zentrifugenrotor auf, der eine Antriebsscheibe, eine mit der Antriebsscheibe verbundene Antriebsquelle und einen Separationsbehälter umfaßt. Der Separationsbehälter selbst weist wenigstens einen allseits geschlossenen, kreisringförmigen Separationskanal und wenigstens eine mit diesem verbundene Separationskammer auf, die mit einem Auslaßkanal verbunden ist, während der Separationskanal mit wenigstens einem Einlaßkanal verbunden ist. Diese Kanäle führen von ihren Anschlüssen an die Separationskammer bzw. den Separationskanal zur Mitte des Separationsbehälters bzw. der Antriebsscheibe, auf der der Separationsbehälter festgelegt ist.Another centrifuge arrangement is known from DE-OS 26 24 154, Fig. 4 there. This centrifuge arrangement has a centrifuge rotor which comprises a drive disk, a drive source connected to the drive disk and a separation container. The separation container itself has at least one circular separation channel closed on all sides and at least one separation chamber connected to it, which is connected to an outlet channel, while the separation channel is connected to at least one inlet channel. These channels lead from their connections to the separation chamber or the separation channel to the center of the separation container or the drive disk on which the separation container is fixed.
Bei der bekannten Zentrifugenanordnung besteht der Separationsbehälter aus flexiblem elastischem Material, wie z.B. für medizinische Zwecke geeignetem Polyvinylchlorid, und wird aus zwei formgleichen kreisförmigen Stücken dieses Materials beispielsweise zusammengeschweißt. Nach Anbringung der Einlaß- und Auslaßkanäle an den Separationsbehälter wird dieser in die Antriebsscheibe des Zentrifugenrotors eingelegt und mittels eines zusätzlichen Deckels auf dieser befestigt. Ferner muß für einen Druckausgleich und zum Verhindern des Zerberstens des Separationsbehälters eine hydraulische Flüssigkeit zwischen den Separationsbehälter und die Oberfläche des Zentrifugenrotors eingebracht werden.In the known centrifuge arrangement, the separation container consists of flexible, elastic material, such as polyvinyl chloride suitable for medical purposes, and is welded together, for example, from two circular pieces of the same shape. After attaching the inlet and outlet channels to the separation container, the latter is inserted into the drive disk of the centrifuge rotor and fastened to it by means of an additional cover. Furthermore, a hydraulic fluid must be introduced between the separation container and the surface of the centrifuge rotor for pressure equalization and to prevent the separation container from bursting.
Diese bekannte Zentrifugenanordnung weist jedoch aufgrund der Verwendung von flexiblem Material für den Separationsbehälter den Nachteil auf, daß für diesen ein relativ hoher Fertigungsaufwand betrieben werden muß, da zunächst zwei formgleiche Stücke aus flexiblem Material hergestellt, diese miteinander exakt verbunden und dann unter Verwendung einer hydraulischen Schutzflüssigkeit auf dem Zentrifugenrotor angebracht werden müssen. Darüber hinaus ergibt sich der Nachteil, daß relativ große Fertigungstoleranzen von flexiblem Material bestehen und eine nicht vollkommen gleichmäßige Kanalform ohne Durchmesser- und Hüllenschwankungen erreichbar ist, was zu Aufwirbelungen und Verwirbelungen durch Kanalformschwankungen führt, was wiederum die Wirkung der Zentrifugenanordnung nachteilig beeinflußt.However, due to the use of flexible material for the separation container, this known centrifuge arrangement has the disadvantage that a relatively high manufacturing outlay has to be carried out for it, since first two pieces of the same shape are made of flexible material, these are precisely connected to one another and then using a hydraulic protective liquid must be attached to the centrifuge rotor. In addition, there is the disadvantage that there are relatively large manufacturing tolerances of flexible material and a not completely uniform channel shape can be achieved without fluctuations in diameter and envelope, which leads to swirling and swirling due to channel shape fluctuations, which in turn adversely affects the effect of the centrifuge arrangement.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Zentrifugenanordnung der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Art zu schaffen, die gute Zentrifugenergebnisse auch bei Zentrifugierung verschiedener Medien mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften ermöglicht.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a centrifuge arrangement of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1, which enables good centrifuge results even when different media with different properties are centrifuged.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
Die erfindungsgemäße Zentrifugenanordnung ermöglicht eine völlig gleichmäßige Kanalform des Separationsbehälters, die sehr geringe Durchmesser- und Höhenschwankungen aufweist. Dies wiederum ermöglicht im Betrieb eine besonders vorteilhafte, laminare und gleichmäßige Strömung des zu zentrifugierenden Gutes, was auch bei Behandlung unterschiedlichster Medien ständig gute Zentrifugierergebnisse ermöglicht.The centrifuge arrangement according to the invention enables a completely uniform channel shape of the separation container, which has very small fluctuations in diameter and height. This in turn enables a particularly advantageous, laminar and even flow of the material to be centrifuged during operation, which is always good even when treating a wide variety of media Centrifugation results enabled.
Dadurch wird zunächst erreicht, daß der Separationsbehälter maßgenau und auf einfache Art und Weise hergestellt und äußerst leicht in den Zentrifugenrotor eingelegt werden kann. Dies vereinfacht allgemein die Handhabbarkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifugenanordnung, wobei sich ferner Material- und Kostenreduzierungen des auch als Einmalteil ausbildbaren Separationsbehälters durch einfachen und leichten Aufbau ergeben. Die Separationskammer kann beispielsweise aus lediglich zwei Teilen, dem Separationskammergehäuse und dem Verschlußdeckel zusammengesetzt werden.In this way it is first achieved that the separation container can be made to size accurately and in a simple manner and can be inserted extremely easily into the centrifuge rotor. This generally simplifies the handling of the centrifuge arrangement according to the invention, and material and cost reductions of the separation container, which can also be formed as a one-off part, also result from simple and easy construction. The separation chamber can, for example, be composed of only two parts, the separation chamber housing and the sealing cover.
Ferner ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß der Separationsbehälter nicht einzeln ausgewuchtet werden muß, sondern nur in Verbindung mit der Antriebsscheibe, also pro Zentrifugenanordnung lediglich einmal.Eine Auswuchtung des Einmalteiles ist nicht nötig, was bei unsymetrischen Kanalanordnungen zu erheblichen Vereinfachungen führt. Ferner benötigt der Separationsbehälter keine eigene Verbindung zur Antriebsquelle, die sehr aufwendig auszuführen ist, sondern diese Verbindung ist lediglich einmal an der Antriebsscheibe vorhanden.There is also the advantage that the separation container does not have to be individually balanced, but only in connection with the drive disc, i.e. only once per centrifuge arrangement. Balancing of the one-off part is not necessary, which leads to considerable simplifications in the case of asymmetrical duct arrangements. Furthermore, the separation container does not need its own connection to the drive source, which is very expensive to implement, but this connection is only present once on the drive pulley.
Desweiteren ergeben sich vorteilhafterweise geringere Fertigungstoleranzen und eine bessere Oberflächenbeschaffenheit, wobei es sogar möglich ist, den Separationsbehälter auf Hochglanz zu polieren.Furthermore, there are advantageously lower manufacturing tolerances and a better surface finish, and it is even possible to polish the separation container to a high gloss.
Ein weiterer beträchtlicher Vorteil, der vor allem die Zentrifugierergebnisse, die mit der erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifugieranordnung erreichbar sind, erheblich verbessert, ist in der völlig gleichmäßigen Kanalform zu sehen, die sehr geringe Durchmesser- und Höhenschwankungen aufgrund der Verwendung von starrem bzw. halbstarrem Material aufweist. Dadurch wird es möglich, im Betrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifugenanordnung eine besonders vorteilhafte, laminare, gleichmäßige Strömung des zu zentrifugierenden Gutes zu erreichen, was beispielsweise bei thrombozytenarmen Plasma besonders wichtig ist.Another considerable advantage, which above all considerably improves the centrifuging results that can be achieved with the centrifuging arrangement according to the invention, can be seen in the completely uniform channel shape, which has very small fluctuations in diameter and height due to the use of rigid or has semi-rigid material. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly advantageous, laminar, uniform flow of the material to be centrifuged during operation of the centrifuge arrangement according to the invention, which is particularly important, for example, in the case of plasma with a low platelet count.
Ferner ist es durch die Verwendung von starrem oder halbstarrem Material möglich, klarsichtige Bereiche zu schaffen, die beispielsweise die Schaffung von Fensterbereichen für die Anordnung von Meßgeräten, wie beispielsweise Lichtschranken, ermöglichen.Furthermore, the use of rigid or semi-rigid material makes it possible to create clear-sighted areas which, for example, allow the creation of window areas for the arrangement of measuring devices, such as light barriers.
Das starre und halbstarre Material ermöglicht es außerdem, eine sehr glatte, durchsichtige Oberfläche zu fertigen und so eine Betrachtung mit Stroboskoplicht des Zentrifugationsvorganges zu erhalten.The rigid and semi-rigid material also makes it possible to manufacture a very smooth, transparent surface and thus to obtain a stroboscopic view of the centrifugation process.
Schließlich wird eine leichte Freispülbarkeit durch füllgut- und druckunabhängige Kanalform mit konstanten Kanalformen über die gesamte Länge des Separationsbehälters erreicht. Der sich in dem Separationsbehälter bei einer bestimmten Drehzahl einstellende Druck ist nämlich von der Zentrifugalbeschleunigung und dem spezifischen Gewicht des Füllgutes abhängig und führt bei elastischen Separationsbehältern zu unterschiedlichen Kanaldicken.Finally, easy flushing is achieved through the channel shape, which is independent of the product and pressure, with constant channel shapes over the entire length of the separation container. The pressure which arises in the separation container at a certain speed is namely dependent on the centrifugal acceleration and the specific weight of the filling material and leads to different channel thicknesses in the case of elastic separation containers.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Separation läßt sich erreichen, indem zwei miteinander in Verbindung stehende Separationsbehälter für eine zweistufige Separation auf einer Antriebsscheibe untergebracht sind.A further advantageous separation can be achieved by accommodating two separating containers which are connected to one another for a two-stage separation on a drive disk.
Die Unteransprüche haben eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifugenanordnung zum Inhalt.The subclaims have an advantageous further development of the centrifuge arrangement according to the invention.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile vorliegender Erfindung ergeben sich aus nachfolgender Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispieles anhand der
Es zeigt
- Fig. 1: eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Separationsbehälters der erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifugenanordnung;
- Fig. 2: eine der Fig. 1 entsprechenden Darstellung einer Antriebsscheibe eines Zentrifugenrotors der erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifugenanordnung;
- Fig. 3: einen Schnitt durch den Separationsbehälter und die Antriebsscheibe im zusammengebauten Zustand;
- Fig. 4: eine Draufsicht auf den Separationsbehälter gemäß Fig. 1;
- Fig. 5: einen Schnitt I-I gemäß Fig. 4 durch die Separationskammer und
- Fig. 6: eine Draufsicht auf die Separationsbehälter bei einer zweistufigen Separation.
It shows
- 1 shows a perspective view of a separation container of the centrifuge arrangement according to the invention;
- 2: a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 of a drive disk of a centrifuge rotor of the centrifuge arrangement according to the invention;
- 3 shows a section through the separation container and the drive disk in the assembled state;
- 4: a top view of the separation container according to FIG. 1;
- 5 shows a section II according to FIG. 4 through the separation chamber and
- 6: a top view of the separation container in a two-stage separation.
Gemäß Fig. 1 ist ein Separationsbehälter (1) einer erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifugenanordnung dargestellt. Der Separationsbehälter (1) ist als selbsttragendes Teil aus starrem oder halbstarrem Material ausgebildet, wobei das Material jedoch eine gewisse Flexibilität hat. Daraus ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß der Separationsbehälter (1) einerseits formstabil ist, jedoch aufgrund seiner Flexibilität in gewissem Rahmen verformt, insbesondere in seinem Durchmesser vermindert werden kann, was seine Handhabbarkeit insbesondere bei der Montage der er findungsgemäßen Zentrifugenanordnung erheblich vereinfacht.1 shows a separation container (1) of a centrifuge arrangement according to the invention. The separation container (1) is designed as a self-supporting part made of rigid or semi-rigid material, but the material has a certain flexibility. This has the advantage that the separation container (1) is dimensionally stable on the one hand, but due to its flexibility it can be deformed to a certain extent, in particular its diameter can be reduced, which makes it easier to handle, particularly when assembling it centrifuge arrangement according to the invention considerably simplified.
Wie aus Fig. 1 weiterhin ersichtlich ist, ist der erfindungsgemäße Separationsbehälter (1) als kreisförmiger Ring ausgebildet, der jedoch nicht geschlossen ist. So weist der Separationsbehälter (1) zwei gegenüberliegend angeordnete Enden (2, 3) auf, die einen Zwischenraum (4) begrenzen. Damit ist es möglich, die beiden Enden (2, 3) aufgrund der Flexibilität des Materials des Separationsbehälters (1) aufeinander zuzubewegen, dadurch, daß die Enden zusammengedrückt werden, bis sie aufeinander zu liegen kommen. Hierzu kann beispielsweise der Endbereich (3) mit einem geeigneten Griffteil (5) versehen sein. Weitere Einzelheiten des Separationsbehälters (1) werden im folgenden anhand von Fig. 4 erläutert.As can also be seen from FIG. 1, the separation container (1) according to the invention is designed as a circular ring, which, however, is not closed. The separation container (1) has two ends (2, 3) arranged opposite one another, which delimit an intermediate space (4). This makes it possible to move the two ends (2, 3) towards one another due to the flexibility of the material of the separation container (1), in that the ends are pressed together until they come to lie on one another. For this purpose, for example, the end region (3) can be provided with a suitable handle part (5). Further details of the separation container (1) are explained below with reference to FIG. 4.
Aus der Draufsicht auf den Separationsbehälter (1) in Fig. 4 wird nochmals dessen Kreisringform angedeutet. Ferner ist ersichtlich, das der Separationsbehälter (1) im Beispielsfalle einen Separationskanal (6) aufweist, der nahezu um den gesamten Umfang des Separationsbehälters (1) herum verläuft. Die Darstellung des vollen kreisförmigen Separationskanals ist aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit hier weggelassen worden. Ferner ist im Beispielsfalle ein Endbereich des Separationskanales (6), der am Ende (3) des Separationsbehälters (1) liegt, mit einem Rohrstutzen (7) versehen, der im Endmontagezustand mit einem Einlaßkanal zur Einleitung von zu zentrifugierendem Gut mittels einem Schlauchstück verbunden wird. Das andere Ende (4) ist mit einem Rohrstutzen (8) versehen, der im Endmontagezustand mit Ausgangskanälen verbunden wird, aus denen die zentrifugierten Bestandteile abgeleitet werden. Wie aus der Darstellung in Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist, ist am Endbereich (4) ferner eine Separationskammer (9) angeordnet, die einen erweiterten Querschnitt gegenüber dem Separationskanal (6) hat und deren Höhe vorzugsweise gegenüber der Höhe des Separationskanales (6) vermindert ist, wozu eine schräg verlaufende Fläche (9ʹ) vom oberen Endbereich des Separationskanals (6) bis in einen in Fig. 4 nicht näher dargestellten Deckenbereich der Separationskammer (9) vorgesehen sein kann. Ist diese Schrägfläche (9ʹ), die in Fig. 1 als Strichlinie dargestellt ist, vorgesehen, dient sie zur Verringerung der Schichtdicke, beispielsweise zur Anbringung eines optischen Detektorsystems. Es ist jedoch ebenso möglich, die Separationskammer (9) in ihrer Höhe entsprechend der Höhe des Separationskanals (6) auszubilden, also keine Höhenverminderung vorzunehmen.From the top view of the separation container (1) in Fig. 4, its circular ring shape is again indicated. It can also be seen that the separation container (1) in the example has a separation channel (6) which runs almost around the entire circumference of the separation container (1). The representation of the full circular separation channel has been omitted here for reasons of clarity. Furthermore, in the example case, an end region of the separation channel (6), which lies at the end (3) of the separation container (1), is provided with a pipe socket (7) which, in the final assembly state, is connected to an inlet channel for introducing material to be centrifuged by means of a piece of hose . The other end (4) is provided with a pipe socket (8) which, in the final assembly state, is connected to outlet channels from which the centrifuged components are derived. As can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 4, is at the end region (4) a separation chamber (9) is also arranged, which has an enlarged cross section compared to the separation channel (6) and whose height is preferably reduced compared to the height of the separation channel (6), for which purpose an inclined surface (9ʹ) from the upper end region of the separation channel (6) can be provided up to a ceiling area of the separation chamber (9), which is not shown in FIG. 4. If this inclined surface (9ʹ), which is shown in FIG. 1 as a dashed line, is provided, it serves to reduce the layer thickness, for example to attach an optical detector system. However, it is also possible to design the height of the separation chamber (9) in accordance with the height of the separation channel (6), that is to say not to reduce the height.
Wie ferner aus Fig. 4 und Fig. 5 ersichtlich ist, weist der Rohrstutzen (8) drei unterschiedlich lange Abzugsstutzen (10, 11, 11ʹ) auf, die in unterschiedliche Bereiche der Separationskammer (9) hineinreichen, so daß es möglich ist, die sich in der Separationskammer (9) bildenden Bereiche unterschiedlicher zentrifugierter Komponenten durch den jeweiligen Stutzen (10, 11, 11ʹ) mittels Schläuchen separat abzuziehen. Somit wird der radial kürzeste Stutzen (10) bei der Separation von Blut zum Abziehen der leichtesten Blutkomponente, namlich des Plasmas verwendet, während der radial längste Stutzen (11ʹ) zum Entfernen der schwersten Komponente, also der Erythrozyten eingesetzt wird. Der gegebenenfalls radial etwa in der Mitte liegende Stutzen (11) wird dagegen zum Abziehen von Leukozyten oder Thrombozyten ("buffy coat") eingesetzt. Bei einer reinen Plasmaseparation kann dieser Stutzen entfallen.As can also be seen from Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the pipe socket (8) has three differently long discharge socket (10, 11, 11ʹ), which extend into different areas of the separation chamber (9), so that it is possible to separate areas of different centrifuged components in the separation chamber (9) through the respective connection piece (10, 11, 11ʹ) by means of hoses. Thus, the radially shortest nozzle (10) is used in the separation of blood to withdraw the lightest blood component, namely the plasma, while the radially longest nozzle (11ʹ) is used to remove the heaviest component, i.e. the erythrocytes. The nozzle (11), which may be located radially approximately in the middle, on the other hand, is used to remove leukocytes or thrombocytes ("buffy coat"). In the case of pure plasma separation, this nozzle can be omitted.
Bei der in Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist lediglich ein Separationskanal (6) vorgesehen, jedoch ist es auch möglich, eine Mehrzahl von miteinander in Verbindung stehenden Separationskanälen vorzusehen, die beispielsweise konzentrisch ineinanderliegend angeordnet werden können.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, only one separation channel (6) is provided, however it is also possible to provide a plurality of separation channels which are connected to one another and which can be arranged, for example, concentrically one inside the other.
Wie aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist, weist der Separationskanal (6) zumindest in größeren Teilbereichen einen rechteckförmigen Querschnitt auf und umfaßt einen Kanalboden (12) und mit dem Kanalboden fest verbundende und im wesentlichen senkrecht auf diesem stehende feste Kanalwände (13) bzw. (14). Die dementsprechend noch verbleibende offene Seite ist mittels eines dauerhaft angebrachten flüssigkeitsdichtenden Deckels (15) verschlossen.As can be seen from FIG. 3, the separation channel (6) has a rectangular cross-section, at least in larger partial areas, and comprises a channel floor (12) and fixed channel walls (13) or (vertical) fixed to the channel floor and substantially perpendicular to it. 14). The open side remaining accordingly is closed by means of a permanently attached liquid-sealing cover (15).
Die Separationskammer (9) weist ebenfalls die Wände (13, 14) und den Kanalboden (12) auf, wobei sich jedoch die Wände (13, 14) in einem allmählich größer werdenden Abstand voneinander erstrecken, so daß sich die aus Fig. 4 im einzelnen ersichtliche Form der Separationskammer (9) ergibt. Natürlich ist die Separationskammer (9) auch mit dem Deckel (15) versehen, der in seiner Form dem Verlauf der die Separationskammer (9) begrenzenden Wände (13, 14) angepaßt ist. Ferner ist eine Wand (16) vorgesehen, die die Wände (13, 14) verbindet und die Separationskammer (9) vollständig verschließt. Eine entsprechende Wand (17) ist ebenfalls im Endbereich (3) vorgesehen, so daß auch dort der Separationskanal (6) allseitig geschlossen ist und lediglich über den Anschlußstutzen (7) und eine in der Wand (14) vorgesehene Ausnehmung mit dem Außenbereich in Verbindung steht.The separation chamber (9) also has the walls (13, 14) and the channel floor (12), but the walls (13, 14) extend at a gradually increasing distance from each other, so that the from Fig. 4 in individual apparent form of the separation chamber (9) results. Of course, the separation chamber (9) is also provided with the cover (15), the shape of which is adapted to the course of the walls (13, 14) delimiting the separation chamber (9). A wall (16) is also provided which connects the walls (13, 14) and completely closes the separation chamber (9). A corresponding wall (17) is also provided in the end region (3), so that the separation channel (6) is closed on all sides and only via the connecting piece (7) and a recess provided in the wall (14) with the outer region in connection stands.
Zum flüssigkeitsdichtschließenden Deckel (15) ist ergänzend zu sagen, daß er größer sein kann als die Öffnung des Kanales (6), wobei die Länge des Deckels (15) etwas größer als die Länge des offenen Kanals (6) und seine Breite an keiner Stelle wesentlich größer als der Abstand der Außenflächen der Kanalwände (13, 14) voneinander, jedoch größer als der Abstand der Innenflächen der Kanalwände (13, 14) sein kann. Auch kann der Deckel aus mehreren Teilen bestehen, die verschiedene Abschnitte der Kanäle verschließen.The liquid-tight cover (15) is also to be said that it can be larger than the opening of the channel (6), the length of the cover (15) slightly larger than the length of the open channel (6) and its width at no point significantly greater than the distance between the outer surfaces of the channel walls (13, 14) from one another, but greater than the distance of the inner surfaces of the channel walls (13, 14) can be. The cover can also consist of several parts which close different sections of the channels.
Ferner kann die vom Kanalboden (12) gebildete Fläche über die Seitenwände (13, 14) des Separationskanals herausragen und so eine Grundfläche bilden, auf der mehrere bzw. verschiedene Kanalwände lagefixiert zueinander an bestimmten Positionen angeordnet werden können. Diese Grundfläche zur Lagefixierung verschiedener Kanäle oder Kanalabschnitte kann ebenfalls zwischen den Kanalwänden ausgebildet sein, insbesondere an der offenen Seite der Kanäle, da hier die für den Schweißvorgang größte Stabilität gefordert wird.Furthermore, the area formed by the channel floor (12) can protrude beyond the side walls (13, 14) of the separation channel and thus form a base area on which several or different channel walls can be arranged in fixed positions relative to one another at certain positions. This base area for fixing the position of different channels or channel sections can also be formed between the channel walls, in particular on the open side of the channels, since here the greatest stability is required for the welding process.
Die Wandstärken der Kanalwände (13, 14) sowie der Bodenwand (12) und des Deckels (15) liegen im Bereich von 0,5 bis 5 mm und insbesondere im Bereich von 1,5 bis 3 mm .The wall thicknesses of the channel walls (13, 14) and the bottom wall (12) and the cover (15) are in the range from 0.5 to 5 mm and in particular in the range from 1.5 to 3 mm.
Als Material für den Separationskanal (6) und die Separationskammer (9) kann insbesondere für medizinische Zwecke geeigneter Kunststoff, vorzugsweise als klarsichtiges Material, verwendet werden. Hierfür kommen beispielsweise Polycarbonat, PVC oder Styrol in Frage. Ferner können die Wände (13, 14) und die Bodenwand (12) ein Teil bilden, auf das der Deckel (15) beispielsweise durch Verklebung, Ultraschallschweißung, Vibrationsschweißung oder termische Schweißung aufgebracht werden kann. Ferner ist es möglich, den Deckel (15) zu verklemmen. Hierbei erfolgt die Dichtung des Separationskanals durch den Deckel (15), wobei es möglich ist, eine Fixierungshilfe zum Verschließen durch das Vorsehen von Führungen zu schaffen.The material used for the separation channel (6) and the separation chamber (9) can be plastic, in particular suitable for medical purposes, preferably as a clear material. For example, polycarbonate, PVC or styrene can be used. Furthermore, the walls (13, 14) and the bottom wall (12) can form a part to which the cover (15) can be applied, for example by gluing, ultrasonic welding, vibration welding or thermal welding. It is also possible to clamp the cover (15). The separation channel is sealed by the cover (15), it being possible for one To provide fixation aid for locking by providing guides.
Im folgenden wird anhand der Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 die Antriebsscheibe der erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifugenanordnung näher beschrieben.The drive disk of the centrifuge arrangement according to the invention is described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
Gemäß Fig. 2 weist die Antriebsscheibe (18) eine kreisförmige Grundplatte (19) auf, die ebenfalls aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist. Mittig auf der Grundplatte (19) ist ein zylinderförmiger Stutzen (20) angeordnet, der gemäß Fig. 3 eine mittige Durchgangsausnehmung (21) und eine sich im unteren Bereich daran anschließende,in ihrem Durchmesser vergrößerte Ausnehmung aufweist, die zum Anschluß einer nicht näher dargestellten Antriebsquelle dient, wobei die Ausnehmung beispielsweise mit einem Keilnutprofil versehen sein kann.According to FIG. 2, the drive disk (18) has a circular base plate (19), which can also be seen in FIG. 3. A cylindrical connecting piece (20) is arranged in the center of the base plate (19) and, according to FIG. 3, has a central passage recess (21) and an adjoining recess in the lower region, its diameter enlarged, for connecting a not shown Drive source is used, wherein the recess can be provided with a keyway profile, for example.
In die Durchgangsausnehmung (21) werden die ebenfalls nicht näher dargestellten Einlaß- und Auslaßschläuche eingeführt, die zur Separationskammer bzw. zum Separationskanal führen und mittels Hebel (22), der eingeklinkt wird, verschlossen.The inlet and outlet hoses, which are also not shown, are introduced into the passage recess (21), which lead to the separation chamber or to the separation channel and are closed by means of a lever (22) which is latched in.
Wie aus der Darstellung in Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist, weist die Antriebsscheibe (18) eine Vorrichtung (23) auf, an der sich der Separationsbehälter (1) über den Separationskanal (6) bzw. die Separationskammer (9) abstützt, wobei diese Einrichtung (23) fest an der Antriebsscheibe (18), bzw. deren Grundplatte (19) angeordnet ist. Genauer gesagt, weist die Vorrichtung (23) zur Rotationsachse der Antriebsscheibe (18) weisende Flächen auf, die im Beispielsfall aufgrund der kreisrunden Ausbildung derselben eine kreisringförmige Fläche bzw. Wand (29) ist. Diese Wand (29) steht im wesentlichen senk recht auf der Antriebsscheibe (18) bzw. deren Bodenplatte (19). In der Oberfläche der Bodenplatte (19) ist ferner eine Nut (24) ausgebildet, die, wie im einzelnen aus Fig. 3 entnommen werden kann, sich an die Wand (29) anschließt und von dieser aus sich auf die Drehachse der Antriebsscheibe (18) hin erstreckt. Wie ferner aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist, ist hierbei die Breite der Nut (24) etwas größer als die Breite des Separationskanales (6), was jedoch nicht zwingend ist.As can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 3, the drive disk (18) has a device (23) on which the separation container (1) is supported via the separation channel (6) or the separation chamber (9), this device (23) fixed to the drive pulley (18), or its base plate (19) is arranged. More precisely, the device (23) has surfaces facing the axis of rotation of the drive pulley (18), which in the example is a circular surface or wall (29) due to the circular design thereof. This wall (29) is substantially lower right on the drive pulley (18) or its base plate (19). A groove (24) is also formed in the surface of the base plate (19), which, as can be seen in detail from FIG. 3, adjoins the wall (29) and from there onto the axis of rotation of the drive disk (18 ) extends. 3, the width of the groove (24) is somewhat larger than the width of the separation channel (6), but this is not mandatory.
Wie ferner aus der Zusammenschau der Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist, verläuft die Wand (29) um den radialäußersten Rand der Antriebsscheibe (18) und umfaßt deren gesamten Umfang, bildet also einen geschlossenen Ring.2 and 3, the wall (29) extends around the radially outermost edge of the drive disk (18) and encompasses its entire circumference, thus forming a closed ring.
Ferner ist aus Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 ersichtlich, daß die Wand (29) an ihrem oberen Rand einen radial sich nach innen erstreckenden Vorsprung (25) aufweist, der ebenfalls um den gesamten Rand läuft und vorzugsweise zwei, im Durchmesser verminderte, gegenüberliegende Bereiche (26) aufweist, was im einzelnen aus Fig. 2 zu ersehen ist. Insgesamt bildet also der Vorsprung (25) einen um den gesamten Umfang der Wand (29) herumlaufenden Ring mit einem geringeren Innendurchmesser als der Innendurchmesser der ringförmigen Wand (29) und übergreift daher zumindest einen Teil des Separationsbehälters (1) bzw. dessen Deckel (15), so daß er ein unerwünschtes Herausrutschen des Separationsbehälters (1) in einer Richtung weg von der Grundplatte (19) verhindern kann.2 and 3 that the wall (29) has at its upper edge a radially inwardly extending projection (25) which also runs around the entire edge and preferably two, reduced in diameter, opposite Has areas (26), which can be seen in detail from Fig. 2. Overall, the projection (25) forms a ring around the entire circumference of the wall (29) with a smaller inner diameter than the inner diameter of the annular wall (29) and therefore overlaps at least a part of the separation container (1) or its cover (15 ), so that he can prevent the separation container (1) from slipping out in a direction away from the base plate (19).
Fig. 3 verdeutlicht den Zustand, in welchem der Separationsbehälter (1) in die Antriebsscheibe (18) eingesetzt ist. Wie bereits zuvor beschrieben worden ist, weist der Separationsbehälter (1) aufgrund der Verwendung flexiblen Materials eine Elastizität auf, die es er möglicht, die Enden (2, 3) aufeinander zuzubewegen, was es wiederum ermöglicht, den Separationsbehälter (1) in die Antriebsscheibe (18) trotz des Vorsprunges (25) einzusetzen. Hierzu werden die Enden (2, 3) durch zusammendrücken der Griffstücke (5) aufeinander zubewegt, der Separationsbehälter (1) eingesetzt und dann die Enden (2, 3) freigegeben, worauf sie sich aufgrund der Eigenelastizität des Separationsbehälters (1) wieder voneinander wegbewegen und damit die in Fig. 3 verdeutlichte Stellung einnehmen, in welcher sich der Separationsbehälter (1) über die äußeren Wände (13) an der Wand (29) abstützt und gegen ein unerwünschtes Herausrutschen nach oben durch den Vorsprung (25) gesichert ist. Dieses einfache Einlegen und Sichern des Separationsbehälters (1) wird dadurch möglich, daß der ringförmige Separationskanal (6) im zusammengedrückten Zustand der Enden (5) einen kleineren Durchmesser hat, als er in eingelegtem Zustand aufweist. Sollte der Separationsbehälter (1) aus irgendwelchen Gründen entfernt werden müssen, ist es lediglich erforderlich, wiederum die Enden (2, 3) aufeinander zuzubewegen, wonach der Separationsbehälter (1) problemlos der Antriebsscheibe (18) entnommen werden kann. Ferner führt diese Ausbildung zu dem Vorteil einer Materialreduzierung des Separationsbehälters (1), da die bei Betätigung der Zentrifugenanordnung auftretenden Fliehkräfte auf die Wand (29) der Antriebsscheibe (18) übertragen und von dieser aufgenommen werden können, so daß der Separationsbehälter (1) selbst in hohem Maße entlastet wird und folglich es nicht erforderlich ist, diesen besonders stabil auszubilden. Bei der Ausbildung der Kanalformen braucht hier keine Rücksicht auf das Auswuchtverhalten gelegt zu werden, da der Separationsbehälter (1) lediglich zusammen mit der Antriebsscheibe (18) ausgewuchtet wird, Ausgleichsgewichte also nur an der Antriebsscheibe angebracht werden müssen. Um das Einlegen bzw. Herausnehmen des Separationsbehälters (1) zu erleichtern und diesen sicher zu arretieren, sind an der Innenfläche der Antriebsscheibe (18) weitere Ausnehmungen (27) vorhanden. Im Gegensatz dazu besitzt der Separationsbehälter (1) an seinen Enden (2, 3) entsprechende Vorsprünge (30). Damit das Verhalten der Separation der Flüssigkeit beobachtet werden kann, kann in der Grundplatte (19) der Antriebsscheibe (18) ein Durchbruch (28) vorgesehen sein.Fig. 3 illustrates the state in which the separation container (1) is inserted into the drive pulley (18). As has already been described above, the separation container (1) has an elasticity due to the use of flexible material, which it does possible to move the ends (2, 3) towards each other, which in turn makes it possible to insert the separation container (1) into the drive disk (18) despite the projection (25). For this purpose, the ends (2, 3) are moved towards each other by pressing the handle pieces (5) together, the separation container (1) is inserted and then the ends (2, 3) are released, whereupon they move away from each other again due to the inherent elasticity of the separation container (1) and thus assume the position illustrated in FIG. 3, in which the separation container (1) is supported on the wall (29) via the outer walls (13) and is secured against undesired slipping out upwards by the projection (25). This simple insertion and securing of the separation container (1) is made possible in that the annular separation channel (6) in the compressed state of the ends (5) has a smaller diameter than it has in the inserted state. Should the separation container (1) have to be removed for any reason, it is only necessary to move the ends (2, 3) towards each other again, after which the separation container (1) can be removed from the drive pulley (18) without any problems. Furthermore, this design leads to the advantage of reducing the material of the separation container (1), since the centrifugal forces which occur when the centrifuge arrangement is actuated can be transmitted to the wall (29) of the drive disc (18) and absorbed by it, so that the separation container (1) itself is relieved to a great extent and consequently it is not necessary to train it in a particularly stable manner. When designing the channel shapes, no consideration needs to be given to the balancing behavior, since the separation container (1) is only balanced together with the drive disk (18), so that counterweights only have to be attached to the drive disk. To do that To make it easier to insert or remove the separation container (1) and to lock it securely, there are further recesses (27) on the inner surface of the drive disk (18). In contrast, the separation container (1) has corresponding projections (30) at its ends (2, 3). So that the behavior of the separation of the liquid can be observed, an opening (28) can be provided in the base plate (19) of the drive disk (18).
Im Betrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Zentrifugenanordnung, in welchem gemäß Fig. 3 der Separationsbehälter (1) in die Antriebsscheibe (18) eingesetzt ist, wird beispielsweise Blut über den Eingangskanal, der am Stutzen (7) angebracht ist, in den Separationskanal (6) eingeführt, wobei sich im äußeren Bereich, also benachbart der Wand (13), beispielsweise Erythrozyten sammeln, wohingegen sich im inneren Bereich, also benachbart der Wand (14), Blutplasma sammelt. Diese beiden Komponenten wandern in Verbindung mit den Thrombozyten während der Zentrifugierung in die Separationskammer (9), aus der sie über den Stutzen (8) bzw. die Abzugsstutzen (10, 11, 11ʹ) gemäß Fig. 5 separat entnommen werden können. Hierbei ergibt sich aufgrund der querschnittskonstanten Ausbildung insbesondere des Separationskanals (6) eine laminare gleichmäßige Strömung, die insbesondere bei thrombozytenarmen Plasma für eine zufriedenstellende Zentrifugierung wichtig und vorteilhaft ist.In operation of the centrifuge arrangement according to the invention, in which, according to FIG. 3, the separation container (1) is inserted into the drive disk (18), blood is introduced into the separation channel (6), for example, via the inlet channel which is attached to the nozzle (7). erythrocytes, for example, collect in the outer region, that is, adjacent to the wall (13), whereas blood plasma collects in the inner region, that is, adjacent to the wall (14). These two components migrate in connection with the platelets during centrifugation into the separation chamber (9), from which they can be removed separately via the connection piece (8) or the discharge connection piece (10, 11, 11ʹ) according to FIG. 5. Due to the constant design of the cross section, the separation channel (6) in particular results in a laminar, uniform flow, which is important and advantageous for a satisfactory centrifugation, particularly in the case of plasma with a low platelet count.
Nach der Beschickung mit dem zu zentrifugierenden Gut weist die erfindungsgemäße Zentrifugenanordnung ferner den Vorteil auf, daß sie leicht freispülbar ist, da die Kanalform füllgut- und druckunabhängig ist und somit nicht nach Entfernung des zu zentrifugierenden Gutes zusammenfällt.After loading the material to be centrifuged, the centrifuge arrangement according to the invention also has the advantage that it can be easily flushed out, since the channel shape is independent of the filling material and pressure and thus does not coincide after the material to be centrifuged has been removed.
Ergänzend ist noch zu betonen, daß die Erweiterung der Separationskammer nach außen die Auftrennung der Komponenten des zu zentrifugierenden Gutes begünstigt, wobei es durch einen zusätzlich ausgenommenen Bereich (27) benachbart zur Wand (16) der Separationskammer (9) möglich ist, diese beispielsweise durch Einleiten von Kochsalzlösung vollständig rückstandsfrei zu spülen. Dieser ausgenommene Bereich ist dabei mit dem Ende des Abzugstutzens (11ʹ) verbunden, so daß hierdurch in Verbindung mit einem Schlauch eines nichtgezeigten, mit den Stutzen (7, 10, 11, 11ʹ) verbundenen Schlauchsystems Erythrozyten bzw. Kochsalzlösung abgeführt werden kann.In addition, it should also be emphasized that the expansion of the separation chamber to the outside favors the separation of the components of the material to be centrifuged, it being possible, for example, through an additionally recessed area (27) adjacent to the wall (16) of the separation chamber (9) Introduce saline solution to rinse completely without residue. This recessed area is connected to the end of the discharge nozzle (11ʹ), so that in connection with a hose of a hose system, not shown, connected to the nozzle (7, 10, 11, 11ʹ), erythrocytes or saline solution can be discharged.
In einer besonderen Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 6 ist der Separationskanal (1) nur nahezu als halbkreisförmiges Element ausgebildet und enthält an seinem einen Ende (2) die bereits beschriebene Separationskammer (9) in ihrer Ausbildung gemäß Fig. 4 und Fig. 5. Hier jedoch führt der Stutzen (10) als U-förmiger Kanal (31), der ein Gefälle besitzt, zu einem eiförmigen zweiten Separationsbehälter (32). Dieser Separationsbehälter (32) der im Innern des halbkreisförmigen Elements liegt, weist ebenfalls im wesentlichen einen rechteckigen Querschnitt auf und umfaßt einen Kanalboden (33) und mit dem Kanalboden fest verbundene und senkrecht auf diesem stehende feste Kanalwände (34) bzw. (35). Die dementsprechend noch verbleibende offene Seite ist mittels eines dauerhaft angebrachten flüssigkeitsdichtenden Deckels verschlossen.In a special embodiment according to FIG. 6, the separation channel (1) is only formed almost as a semicircular element and contains at one end (2) the separation chamber (9) already described in its design according to FIGS. 4 and 5. Here, however leads the nozzle (10) as a U-shaped channel (31), which has a slope, to an egg-shaped second separation container (32). This separation container (32), which lies in the interior of the semicircular element, also has essentially a rectangular cross section and comprises a channel base (33) and fixed channel walls (34) and (35), which are fixedly connected to the channel base and perpendicular to it. The correspondingly remaining open side is closed by means of a permanently attached liquid-sealing lid.
In der Nähe des Kanals (31) ist am Separationsbehälter (32) an seiner nach innen weisenden Seite ein Stutzen (36) und an seiner gegenüberliegenden Seite, dem äußersten Punkt vom Separationsbehälter (32), ein weiterer Abzugsstutzen (37) vorgesehen. Dieser ist vorzugsweise schräg nach innen und unten verlaufend ausgebildet. In diesem Bereich kann der Querschnitt des Separationsbehälters (32) vergrößert sein, um einen Sammelraum zu erhalten. An dem der Separationskammer (9) gegenüberliegenden Ende des Separationskanals (1) ist der Zuführstutzen (38) angeordnet.In the vicinity of the channel (31), a connector (36) is provided on the separation container (32) on its inward-facing side and on the opposite side, the outermost point of the separation container (32), there is a further extraction connector (37). This is preferably formed obliquely inwards and downwards. The cross section of the separation container (32) can be enlarged in this area in order to obtain a collecting space. The supply nozzle (38) is arranged at the end of the separation channel (1) opposite the separation chamber (9).
Die Anordnung dieser zweistufigen Separationsbehälter (1,32) erfolgt in entsprechend geeigneter Weise auf einer nicht näher dargestellten Antriebsscheibe.These two-stage separation containers (1,32) are arranged in a suitable manner on a drive disk (not shown in more detail).
Im Betrieb dieser Zentrifugenanordnung wird beispielsweise das Blut über den Zuführstutzen (38) in den Separationsbehälter (1) eingeführt, wobei sich im äußeren Bereich, also benachbart der Wand (13), beispielsweise Erythrozyten sammeln, wohingegen sich im inneren Bereich, also benachbart der Wand (14), Bluplasma sammelt. Diese beiden Komponenten wandern in Verbindung mit den Thrombozyten während der Zentrifugierung in die Separationskammer (9), wobei die Erythrozyten über den Abzygsstutzen (11ʹ) entnommen werden können. Das thrombozytenhaltige Plasma wird über den Abzugsstutzen (10) bzw. den U-förmigen Kanal (31) in den eiförmigen zweiten Separationsbehälter (32) geleitet. Hier erfolgt in einer zweiten Separationsstufe die Absonderung der Thrombozyten vom Blutplasma und diese gelangen nun infolge der Zentrifugenkräfte in den Bereich des Abzugsstutzens(37), von welchem die Thrombozyten abgeleitet werden. Das übrig gebliebene Plasmawasser gelangt dabei auf die gegenüberliegende Seite des Separationsbehälters (32) zum Stutzen (36), über den das Plasmawasser aus dem Separationsbehälter (32) entfernt wird.In the operation of this centrifuge arrangement, for example, the blood is introduced into the separation container (1) via the feed connector (38), erythrocytes, for example, collecting in the outer region, ie adjacent to the wall (13), whereas in the inner region, that is to say adjacent to the wall (14), Bluplasma collects. These two components migrate in connection with the platelets into the separation chamber (9) during centrifugation, the erythrocytes being able to be removed via the extraction nozzle (11ʹ). The platelet-containing plasma is passed via the discharge nozzle (10) or the U-shaped channel (31) into the egg-shaped second separation container (32). In a second separation stage, the platelets are separated from the blood plasma and, as a result of the centrifugal forces, they now reach the area of the discharge nozzle (37) from which the platelets are derived. The remaining plasma water reaches the opposite side of the separation container (32) to the nozzle (36), via which the plasma water is removed from the separation container (32).
Denkbar wäre auch eine Kombinationsanordnung von Separationsbehälter (1) gemäß Fig. 4 und eiförmigen zweiten Separationsbehälter (32), wobei diese ebenfalls durch den Stutzen (10) und Kanal (31) verbunden sind, wie eben beschrieben. Lediglich befände sich der Zuführstutzen (38) am gegenüberliegenden Ende (3).A combination arrangement of the separation container (1) according to FIG. 4 and the egg-shaped second separation container (32) would also be conceivable, whereby these are also by the nozzle (10) and channel (31) are connected, as just described. Only the feed connector (38) would be at the opposite end (3).
Claims (16)
eine Antriebsscheibe,
eine Antriebsquelle, die mit der Antriebsscheibe verbunden ist, und
einen Separationsbehälter mit einem durch Begrenzungswände gebildeten Separationskanal, mit einem Einlaufkanal und mehreren Auslaufkanälen für Flüssigkeiten, wobei diese Kanäle von ihren Anschlüssen jeweils zur Mitte der Antriebsscheibe führen, auf der der Separationsbehälter lagefixiert festgelegt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Separationsbehälter (1; 32) als selbsttragendes Teil aus flexiblem Material ausgebildet ist, und
daß eine der Begrenzungswände als an einer offenen Seite des Separationskanals (6) dauerhaft anbringbarer flüssigkeitsdichter Deckel (15) ausgebildet ist.1. Centrifuge arrangement with a centrifuge rotor, which has the following parts:
a drive pulley,
a drive source connected to the drive pulley, and
a separation container with a separation channel formed by boundary walls, with an inlet channel and a plurality of outlet channels for liquids, these channels each leading from their connections to the center of the drive pulley on which the separation container is fixed in position, characterized in that
that the separation container (1; 32) is designed as a self-supporting part made of flexible material, and
that one of the boundary walls is designed as a liquid-tight cover (15) which can be permanently attached to an open side of the separation channel (6).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT87112853T ATE82874T1 (en) | 1986-09-24 | 1987-09-03 | CENTRIFUGE ARRANGEMENT. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863632500 DE3632500A1 (en) | 1986-09-24 | 1986-09-24 | CENTRIFUGAL ARRANGEMENT |
DE3632500 | 1986-09-24 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0261468A2 true EP0261468A2 (en) | 1988-03-30 |
EP0261468A3 EP0261468A3 (en) | 1989-06-28 |
EP0261468B1 EP0261468B1 (en) | 1992-12-02 |
Family
ID=6310273
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87112853A Expired - Lifetime EP0261468B1 (en) | 1986-09-24 | 1987-09-03 | Arrangement for a centrifuge |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4790807A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0261468B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS63158145A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE82874T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3632500A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2037043T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0363120A2 (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1990-04-11 | Baxter International Inc. | Centrifugal fluid processing system and method |
Families Citing this family (18)
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US5370802A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1994-12-06 | Baxter International Inc. | Enhanced yield platelet collection systems and methods |
US5792372A (en) * | 1987-01-30 | 1998-08-11 | Baxter International, Inc. | Enhanced yield collection systems and methods for obtaining concentrated platelets from platelet-rich plasma |
US5656163A (en) | 1987-01-30 | 1997-08-12 | Baxter International Inc. | Chamber for use in a rotating field to separate blood components |
US5078671A (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1992-01-07 | Baxter International Inc. | Centrifugal fluid processing system and method |
US4936820A (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1990-06-26 | Baxter International Inc. | High volume centrifugal fluid processing system and method for cultured cell suspensions and the like |
AU652888B2 (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1994-09-08 | Baxter International Inc. | Centrifugal processing system with direct access drawer |
US5804079A (en) | 1991-12-23 | 1998-09-08 | Baxter International Inc. | Systems and methods for reducing the number of leukocytes in cellular products like platelets harvested for therapeutic purposes |
US6007725A (en) | 1991-12-23 | 1999-12-28 | Baxter International Inc. | Systems and methods for on line collection of cellular blood components that assure donor comfort |
US5549834A (en) | 1991-12-23 | 1996-08-27 | Baxter International Inc. | Systems and methods for reducing the number of leukocytes in cellular products like platelets harvested for therapeutic purposes |
WO1993012888A1 (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1993-07-08 | Baxter International Inc. | Centrifuge with separable bowl and spool elements providing access to the separation chamber |
US5427695A (en) * | 1993-07-26 | 1995-06-27 | Baxter International Inc. | Systems and methods for on line collecting and resuspending cellular-rich blood products like platelet concentrate |
US5525218A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1996-06-11 | Baxter International Inc. | Centrifuge with separable bowl and spool elements providing access to the separation chamber |
DE19841835C2 (en) * | 1998-09-12 | 2003-05-28 | Fresenius Ag | Centrifuge chamber for a cell separator |
WO2002062482A2 (en) | 2000-11-02 | 2002-08-15 | Gambro, Inc. | Fluid separation devices, systems and methods |
US6890291B2 (en) | 2001-06-25 | 2005-05-10 | Mission Medical, Inc. | Integrated automatic blood collection and processing unit |
EP1497645A2 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2005-01-19 | Mission Medical, Inc. | Integrated automatic blood processing unit |
CA2799683C (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2014-03-25 | Terumo Bct, Inc. | Monitoring and control system for blood processing |
WO2012021167A2 (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2012-02-16 | Charles, Mirho | Blood centrifuge with separation, sensor and dispense control system |
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JPS5935267A (en) * | 1982-08-20 | 1984-02-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Multimicroprocessor |
JPS6146270A (en) * | 1984-08-09 | 1986-03-06 | Jeol Ltd | Rotary joint |
US4708712A (en) * | 1986-03-28 | 1987-11-24 | Cobe Laboratories, Inc. | Continuous-loop centrifugal separator |
-
1986
- 1986-09-24 DE DE19863632500 patent/DE3632500A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1987
- 1987-09-03 ES ES198787112853T patent/ES2037043T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-09-03 DE DE8787112853T patent/DE3782902D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-09-03 AT AT87112853T patent/ATE82874T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-09-03 EP EP87112853A patent/EP0261468B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-09-23 US US07/100,236 patent/US4790807A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-09-24 JP JP62239906A patent/JPS63158145A/en active Pending
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DE2624154A1 (en) * | 1975-11-13 | 1977-05-26 | Ibm | Flexible, collapsible centrifuge fluid container - of two circular plastics pieces sealed to form serially connected annular channels |
DE2821055A1 (en) * | 1977-10-03 | 1979-04-12 | Ibm | CENTRIFUGAL ARRANGEMENT |
DE3041131A1 (en) * | 1979-11-02 | 1981-05-14 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo K.K., Osaka | METHOD AND CONTAINER FOR CONTINUOUSLY SEPARATING THE PLATE COMPONENT IN THE BLOOD |
DE2948177A1 (en) * | 1979-11-30 | 1981-06-04 | Dr. Eduard Fresenius Chemisch-Pharmazeutische Industrie Kg Apparatebau Kg, 6380 Bad Homburg | SEPARATOR FOR ULTRA CENTRIFUGE |
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EP0363120A2 (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1990-04-11 | Baxter International Inc. | Centrifugal fluid processing system and method |
EP0363120A3 (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1991-01-23 | Baxter International Inc. | Centrifugal fluid processing system and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4790807A (en) | 1988-12-13 |
EP0261468A3 (en) | 1989-06-28 |
JPS63158145A (en) | 1988-07-01 |
ES2037043T3 (en) | 1993-06-16 |
ATE82874T1 (en) | 1992-12-15 |
DE3632500A1 (en) | 1988-04-07 |
DE3782902D1 (en) | 1993-01-14 |
EP0261468B1 (en) | 1992-12-02 |
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