EP0440974B1 - Safety system for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Safety system for motor vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0440974B1
EP0440974B1 EP19900125307 EP90125307A EP0440974B1 EP 0440974 B1 EP0440974 B1 EP 0440974B1 EP 19900125307 EP19900125307 EP 19900125307 EP 90125307 A EP90125307 A EP 90125307A EP 0440974 B1 EP0440974 B1 EP 0440974B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
code signal
signal
transponder
transmitter
security system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19900125307
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0440974A1 (en
EP0440974B2 (en
Inventor
Hans-Dieter Dr. Fournell
Walter Weishaupt
Mario Neudold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication date
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Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP0440974A1 publication Critical patent/EP0440974A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0440974B1 publication Critical patent/EP0440974B1/en
Publication of EP0440974B2 publication Critical patent/EP0440974B2/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00182—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00182—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00198—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks the keyless data carrier having more than one limited data transmission ranges
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00555—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks comprising means to detect or avoid relay attacks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00793—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00896—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys specially adapted for particular uses
    • G07C2009/00928—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys specially adapted for particular uses for garage doors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
    • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a manually operated switch is provided for triggering the question code signal.
  • This switch is connected to, for example, a door flap, a tailgate or an operating button for a door or the tailgate of the motor vehicle.
  • the switch is actuated manually and the question code signal is triggered with the aid of the stationary transponder.
  • the portable transponder responds with its response code signal.
  • the motor vehicle is unlocked when the response code signal actually comes from a transponder that belongs to the respective motor vehicle.
  • a transponder is to be understood as a transceiver for a wirelessly transmitted radio signal.
  • a code signal comparator is preferably contained in the stationary transponder, which, if the response code signal sent by the portable transponder matches a code signal expected in the stationary transponder, supplies a unlocking or unlocking signal to a unlocking or unlocking device.
  • the stationary and the portable transponder are used only for a tap-proof question-answer dialog as a prerequisite for unlocking the motor vehicle.
  • the two transponders have a connection to a handle provided for using the motor vehicle, e.g. with a door flap, a tailgate or an operating button for a door or the tailgate, only a short range. Further use of the two transponders is not planned.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a security device of the type mentioned, in which further use of the two transmitters is possible while maintaining the security against eavesdropping, in particular for purposes that are related to the use of the motor vehicle.
  • a number of considerations are essential to the invention. On the one hand, security against eavesdropping is guaranteed even if only one of the two transmitters has a short range. It is therefore only necessary to always provide the transmitter for the question signal or the transmitter for the answer code signal with a short range. Alternatively, the transmission power of one transmitter can only be reduced when the code signal is transmitted.
  • the reduction of the range can be achieved in a particularly simple manner with the aid of a code signal emitted as an LF signal, whereas the other signal is an HF signal with a correspondingly long range.
  • the other signals that are emitted by the two transmitters can otherwise have a relatively long range. This ensures that only the question-answer dialog between the stationary and the mobile transponder is bug-proof, while the rest of the transmission is carried out by additional signals of relatively long range. This enables remote control to be ensured over a certain distance of, for example, 50 meters. This remote control can be, for example, switching on the interior lighting - to make it easier to find the motor vehicle in the dark - or closing or opening side windows or roof openings of the motor vehicle.
  • This additional signal which differs from the question or answer code signal of the same transmitter, can also be used, for example, to cause a corresponding device to open a garage door.
  • the additional signal can also be triggered with the aid of an interior switch which is located in the interior of the motor vehicle or can be operated there. If the additional signal is transmitted by the portable transponder, the switch can, for example, activate the stationary transponder to send out a command signal for the portable transponder. The transportable transponder then sends out the additional signal with a correspondingly long range. As shown, both signals of the portable transponder can have a long range or, if the question code signal has a short range, differ in their range.
  • the stationary transponder itself can be sent to send an additional signal with a correspondingly long range, depending on the off design differs from the range of the usual question code signal or this is the same.
  • the portable transmitter itself can also be activated to transmit the additional signal by a switch which is located on the housing of the portable transmitter. It is thus possible to open the garage door by remote control before using the motor vehicle or outside the motor vehicle or to carry out additional functions of the motor vehicle such as switching on the interior light or the described control of windows or sunroofs.
  • the invention can be implemented in two variants.
  • the stationary transponder can transmit its question code signal with a long range and the portable transponder can transmit its response code signal with a short range.
  • the stationary transponder can transmit its question code signal with a short range
  • the transportable transponder can transmit its response code signal with a long range.
  • the portable transponder can also be used as a remote control transmitter with a long range in order to perform certain vehicle functions or operating functions, e.g. on a garage door, trigger from a greater distance.
  • the triggering of the additional remote control functions (HF signal) of the portable transponder via the LF signal of the stationary transponder is only possible in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle, which automatically provides a reference to the vehicle. Unintentional triggering of the additional functions if the portable transponder is at a greater distance from the vehicle is also effectively prevented.
  • the single figure shows schematically the basic structure of the safety device according to the invention.
  • the centerpiece is a portable transponder 1 and a stationary transponder 2, which is arranged in a motor vehicle 3 shown schematically in plan view.
  • the transponder 1 has a transmitter (not shown) for an HF signal and a receiver (also not shown) for an LF signal.
  • the range of the HF signal is approximately 40 to 50 meters, that of the LF signal approximately 1.5 meters.
  • the LF signal is transmitted by the transponder 2 transmitter, also not shown.
  • the stationary transponder 2 has antennas 4 as part of the receiver, which are arranged in the region of the two doors 5 of the motor vehicle 3.
  • an inner switch 7 is also indicated, with which the transponder 2 is caused to send out a command signal.
  • This command signal differs from the question code signal which is transmitted to the portable transponder 1 only in the coding, but not in the range. It causes the portable transponder 1 to transmit an RF signal which is also not different from its response code signal Range, but only differs in coding. With the help of this additional RF signal, for example, the opening of a garage 8 by an indicated drive 9 or the activation of the interior lighting, not shown, of the motor vehicle is initiated.
  • the portable transponder 1 is provided with pushbuttons 11, 12 and 13 with which various additional RF signals are transmitted by the transmitter of the portable transponder 1 without a preceding LF signal from the motor vehicle 3. This makes it possible to also remote control the garage door 8, the central locking in the closed mode or a window regulator or the like.
  • the safety device shown offers a multitude of possibilities.
  • the inner switch 7 is operated.
  • the stationary transponder 2 using an LF command signal, causes the portable transponder 1 to emit a long-range RF signal, with the aid of which the garage door 8 is opened.
  • the inside switch can be a separate switch or a switch that normally has a different function.
  • it can be the interior light switch which, when its position "interior light on” is set, causes the stationary transponder 2 to transmit the LF command signal.
  • the portable transponder 1 can also be triggered separately to transmit the additional signals for the additional functions described with the aid of the pushbutton switches 11, 12 and 13.
  • the security device's tapping security is guaranteed. This is ensured by the short range of one of the two signals exchanged between the transponders 1 and 2, here the LF signal of the stationary transponder 2. Accordingly, it is also possible to ensure this security against eavesdropping by means of a short range of the response code signal emanating from the portable transponder 1 .
  • the quality of the additional HF signal emitted by the portable transponder 1 can also be influenced by an additional switch 14.
  • an additional switch 14 In this way, for example, it can be ensured in one position that with the unlocking function of the central locking only the doors and not the tailgate, i.e. the so-called "hotel closing mode" is set.
  • the pressure switch 12 when the pressure switch 12 is actuated, all the doors and flaps are to be unlocked between the transponders 1 and 2 after the previous question-answer dialog.
  • this dialog can be triggered by operating a door flap or the like. However, it can also be initiated automatically with the aid of a proximity switch, which detects the approach of a possible vehicle user or a portable transponder to the motor vehicle 3.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Sicherheitseinrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a safety device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Eine derartige Sicherheitseinrichtung ist aus der EP-A-0218251 der Anmelderin bekannt. In dieser Druckschrift ist zum Auslösen des Fragecodesignals ein manuell bedienbarer Schalter vorgesehen. Dieser Schalter steht in Verbindung mit beispielsweise einer Türklappe, einer Heckklappe oder einem Betätigungsknopf für eine Tür oder die Heckklappe des Kraftfahrzeugs. Bei dem Versuch, das Kraftfahrzeug zu öffnen, wird der Schalter manuell betätigt und mit Hilfe des stationären Transponders das Fragecodesignal ausgelöst. Der tragbare Transponder antwortet mit seinem Antwortcodesignal. Das Kraftfahrzeug wird entriegelt, wenn das Antwortcodesignal tatsächlich von einem Transponder ausgeht, der zum jeweiligen Kraftfahrzeug gehört.Such a safety device is known from the applicant's EP-A-0218251. In this document, a manually operated switch is provided for triggering the question code signal. This switch is connected to, for example, a door flap, a tailgate or an operating button for a door or the tailgate of the motor vehicle. When trying to open the motor vehicle, the switch is actuated manually and the question code signal is triggered with the aid of the stationary transponder. The portable transponder responds with its response code signal. The motor vehicle is unlocked when the response code signal actually comes from a transponder that belongs to the respective motor vehicle.

Ziel der gesamten Druckschrift ist es, eine problemlose Benutzung des Kraftfahrzeugs ohne Verwendung des üblicherweise vorgesehenen manuellen Schlüssels zu ermöglichen. In dieser Druckschrift ist auch das Problem der Abhörsicherheit angesprochen. Diesem Problem wird durch kurze Reichweiten der beiden Sender, d.h. des transportablen und des stationären Transponders, Rechnung getragen. Unter Transponder ist dabei wie auch im folgenden eine Sende-/Empfangseinrichtung für ein drahtlos ausgesandtes Radiosignal zu verstehen.The aim of the entire publication is to enable problem-free use of the motor vehicle without using the manual key normally provided. The issue of security against eavesdropping is also addressed in this publication. This problem is solved by short ranges of the two transmitters, i.e. transportable and stationary transponders. As in the following, a transponder is to be understood as a transceiver for a wirelessly transmitted radio signal.

Vorzugsweise ist im stationären Transponder ein Codesignalvergleicher enthalten, der bei Übereinstimmung des vom tragbaren Transponder ausgesendeten Antwortcodesignals mit einem im stationären Transponder erwarteten Codesignal ein Entsicherungs- bzw. Entriegelungssignal an eine Entsicherungs- bzw. Entriegelungseinrichtung liefert. Bei dieser bekannten Sicherheitseinrichtung werden der stationäre und der tragbare Transponder lediglich für einen abhörsicheren Frage-Antwort-Dialog als Voraussetzung für eine Entsicherung des Kraftfahrzeuges verwendet. Bei dieser bekannten Sicherheitseinrichtung weisen die beiden Transponder durch die Verbindung mit einer zum Benutzen des Kraftfahrzeugs vorgesehenen Handhabe, z.B. mit einer Türklappe, einer Heckklappe oder einem Betätigungsknopf für eine Tür oder die Heckklappe, nur eine geringe Reichweite auf. Eine weitergehende Nutzung der beiden Transponder ist nicht vorgesehen.A code signal comparator is preferably contained in the stationary transponder, which, if the response code signal sent by the portable transponder matches a code signal expected in the stationary transponder, supplies a unlocking or unlocking signal to a unlocking or unlocking device. In this known safety device, the stationary and the portable transponder are used only for a tap-proof question-answer dialog as a prerequisite for unlocking the motor vehicle. In this known safety device, the two transponders have a connection to a handle provided for using the motor vehicle, e.g. with a door flap, a tailgate or an operating button for a door or the tailgate, only a short range. Further use of the two transponders is not planned.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Sicherheitseinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, bei der unter Beibehaltung der Abhörsicherheit eine weitergehende Nutzung der beiden Sender, insbesondere für Zwecke möglich ist, die mit der Benutzung des Kraftfahrzeugs im Zusammenhang stehen.The invention has for its object to provide a security device of the type mentioned, in which further use of the two transmitters is possible while maintaining the security against eavesdropping, in particular for purposes that are related to the use of the motor vehicle.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention solves this problem by the characterizing features of patent claim 1.

Wesentlich für die Erfindung sind eine Reihe von Überlegungen. Zum einen wird die Abhörsicherheit auch dann gewährleistet, wenn nur einer der beiden Sender eine geringe Reichweite besitzt. Es ist also lediglich erforderlich, den Sender für das Frage- oder den Sender für das Antwortcodesignal stets mit einer geringen Reichweite zu versehen. Alternativ kann die Sendeleistung des einen Senders nur bei Aussenden des Codesignals herabgesetzt sein.A number of considerations are essential to the invention. On the one hand, security against eavesdropping is guaranteed even if only one of the two transmitters has a short range. It is therefore only necessary to always provide the transmitter for the question signal or the transmitter for the answer code signal with a short range. Alternatively, the transmission power of one transmitter can only be reduced when the code signal is transmitted.

Die Verringerung der Reichweite kann auf besonders einfache Weise mit Hilfe eines als NF-Signal ausgesandten Codesignals erzielt werden, demgegenüber das andere Signal ein HF-Signal mit entsprechend großer Reichweite ist.The reduction of the range can be achieved in a particularly simple manner with the aid of a code signal emitted as an LF signal, whereas the other signal is an HF signal with a correspondingly long range.

Die übrigen Signale, die von den beiden Sendern ausgesandt werden, können ansonsten eine relativ große Reichweite besitzen. Damit ist sichergestellt, daß nur der Frage-Antwortdialog zwischen dem stationären und dem mobilen Transponder abhörsicher ist, während der übrige Sendebetrieb durch Zusatzsignale relativ großer Reichweite erfolgt. Damit kann eine Fernbedienung über eine gewisse Entfernung von beispielsweise 50 Metern hinweg sichergestellt werden. Bei dieser Fernbedienung kann es sich beispielsweise um das Einschalten der Innenbeleuchtung - zum erleichterten Auffinden des Kraftfahrzeugs bei Dunkelheit - bzw. das Schließen bzw. öffnen von Seitenfenstern bzw. Dachöffnungen des Kraftfahrzeugs handeln. Dieses Zusatzsignal, das sich vom Frage- bzw. Anwortcodesignal desselben Senders unterscheidet, kann beispielsweise auch dazu dienen, eine entsprechende Einrichtung zum öffnen eines Garagentors zu veranlassen.The other signals that are emitted by the two transmitters can otherwise have a relatively long range. This ensures that only the question-answer dialog between the stationary and the mobile transponder is bug-proof, while the rest of the transmission is carried out by additional signals of relatively long range. This enables remote control to be ensured over a certain distance of, for example, 50 meters. This remote control can be, for example, switching on the interior lighting - to make it easier to find the motor vehicle in the dark - or closing or opening side windows or roof openings of the motor vehicle. This additional signal, which differs from the question or answer code signal of the same transmitter, can also be used, for example, to cause a corresponding device to open a garage door.

Das Zusatzsignal kann auch mit Hilfe eines Innen-Schalters ausgelöst werden, der sich im Innenraum des Kraftfahrzeugs befindet bzw. dort bedienbar ist. Wird das Zusatzsignal vom tragbaren Transponder ausgesandt, so kann der Schalter beispielsweise den stationären Transponder zum Aussenden eines Befehlssignals für den transportablen Transponder aktivieren. Der transportable Transponder schickt dann das Zusatzsignal mit entsprechend großer Reichweite aus. Beide Signale des transportablen Transponders können, wie dargestellt, eine große Reichweite besitzen oder, sofern das Fragecodesignal eine geringe Reichweite besitzt, sich in ihrer Reichweite unterscheiden.The additional signal can also be triggered with the aid of an interior switch which is located in the interior of the motor vehicle or can be operated there. If the additional signal is transmitted by the portable transponder, the switch can, for example, activate the stationary transponder to send out a command signal for the portable transponder. The transportable transponder then sends out the additional signal with a correspondingly long range. As shown, both signals of the portable transponder can have a long range or, if the question code signal has a short range, differ in their range.

Alternativ kann dazu mit Hilfe des Innen-Schalters der stationäre Transponder selbst zum Aussenden eines Zusatzsignals entsprechend großer Reichweite veranlaßt werden, das sich je nach Ausgestaltung von der Reichweite des üblichen Fragecodesignals unterscheidet bzw. dieser gleich ist.Alternatively, with the help of the inside switch, the stationary transponder itself can be sent to send an additional signal with a correspondingly long range, depending on the off design differs from the range of the usual question code signal or this is the same.

Schließlich kann auch der tragbare Sender selbst zum Aussenden des Zusatzsignals durch einen Schalter aktiviert werden, der sich auf dem Gehäuse des tragbaren Senders befindet. Es ist damit möglich, vor Benutzen des Kraftfahrzeugs bzw. außerhalb des Kraftfahrzeugs das Garagentor mittels Fernbedienung zu öffnen bzw. Zusatzfunktionen des Kraftfahrzeugs wie Einschalten des Innenlichts oder die beschriebene Steuerung von Fenstern oder Schiebedächern durchzuführen.Finally, the portable transmitter itself can also be activated to transmit the additional signal by a switch which is located on the housing of the portable transmitter. It is thus possible to open the garage door by remote control before using the motor vehicle or outside the motor vehicle or to carry out additional functions of the motor vehicle such as switching on the interior light or the described control of windows or sunroofs.

Die Realisierung der Erfindung kann in zwei Varianten erfolgen. Zum einen kann der stationäre Transponder sein Fragecodesignal mit großer Reichweite und der transportable Transponder sein Antwortcodesignal mit geringer Reichweite aussenden. Alternativ dazu kann der stationäre Transponder sein Fragecodesignal mit geringer Reichweite, der transportable Transponder sein Antwortcodesignal mit großer Reichweite aussenden. Der Vorteil dieser Variante besteht darin, daß der tragbare Transponder auch als Fernbediensender großer Reichweite verwendet werden kann, um im Falle der hier beschriebenen Anwendung bestimmte Fahrzeugfunktionen oder Bedienfunktionen, z.B. an einem Garagentor, aus größerer Entfernung auszulösen.The invention can be implemented in two variants. On the one hand, the stationary transponder can transmit its question code signal with a long range and the portable transponder can transmit its response code signal with a short range. Alternatively, the stationary transponder can transmit its question code signal with a short range, the transportable transponder can transmit its response code signal with a long range. The advantage of this variant is that the portable transponder can also be used as a remote control transmitter with a long range in order to perform certain vehicle functions or operating functions, e.g. on a garage door, trigger from a greater distance.

Weiterhin ist das Auslösen der Zusatzfernbedienfunktionen (HF-Signal) des tragbaren Transponders über das NF-Signal des stationären Transponders nur im unmittelbaren Fahrzeugumfeld möglich, womit automatisch der Bezug zum Fahrzeug gegeben ist. Ein unbeabsichtigtes Auslösen der Zusatzfunktionen, falls der tragbare Transponder sich in größerer Entfernung zum Fahrzeug befindet, wird ebenfalls wirkungsvoll verhindert.Furthermore, the triggering of the additional remote control functions (HF signal) of the portable transponder via the LF signal of the stationary transponder is only possible in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle, which automatically provides a reference to the vehicle. Unintentional triggering of the additional functions if the portable transponder is at a greater distance from the vehicle is also effectively prevented.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt.In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown.

Die einzige Figur zeigt schematisch den prinzipiellen Aufbau der erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitseinrichtung. Kernstück sind ein tragbarer Transponder 1 sowie ein stationärer Transponder 2, der in einem in Draufsicht schematisch gezeigtem Kraftfahrzeug 3 angeordnet ist. Der Transponder 1 besitzt einen nicht dargestellten Sender für ein HF-Signal sowie einen ebenfalls nicht gezeigten Empfänger für ein NF-Signal. Die Reichweite des HF-Signals beträgt etwa 40 bis 50 Meter, die des NF-Signals etwa 1,5 Meter. Das NF-Signal wird durch den ebenfalls nicht gezeigten Sender des Transponders 2 ausgesandt.The single figure shows schematically the basic structure of the safety device according to the invention. The centerpiece is a portable transponder 1 and a stationary transponder 2, which is arranged in a motor vehicle 3 shown schematically in plan view. The transponder 1 has a transmitter (not shown) for an HF signal and a receiver (also not shown) for an LF signal. The range of the HF signal is approximately 40 to 50 meters, that of the LF signal approximately 1.5 meters. The LF signal is transmitted by the transponder 2 transmitter, also not shown.

Der stationäre Transponder 2 besitzt neben seinem Sender für das NF-Signal mit der geringen Reichweite Antennen 4 als Teil des Empfängers, die im Bereich der beiden Türen 5 des Kraftfahrzeugs 3 angeordnet sind. Im Bereich des Lenkrads 6 ist ferner ein Innen-Schalter 7 angedeutet, mit dem der Transponder 2 zum Aussenden eines Befehlssignals veranlaßt wird. Dieses Befehlssignal unterscheidet sich von dem Fragecodesignal, das an den tragbaren Transponder 1 ausgesandt wird, nur in der Codierung, nicht jedoch in der Reichweite.Es veranlaßt den tragbaren Transponder 1, ein HF-Signal auszusenden, das sich von seinem Antwortcodesignal ebenfalls nicht in der Reichweite, sondern nur in der Codierung unterscheidet. Mit Hilfe dieses zusätzlichen HF-Signals wird beispielsweise die Öffnung einer Garage 8 durch einen angedeuteten Antrieb 9 oder aber auch die Einschaltung der nicht dargestellten Innenbeleuchtung des Kraftfahrzeugs veranlaßt.In addition to its transmitter for the LF signal with the short range, the stationary transponder 2 has antennas 4 as part of the receiver, which are arranged in the region of the two doors 5 of the motor vehicle 3. In the area of the steering wheel 6, an inner switch 7 is also indicated, with which the transponder 2 is caused to send out a command signal. This command signal differs from the question code signal which is transmitted to the portable transponder 1 only in the coding, but not in the range. It causes the portable transponder 1 to transmit an RF signal which is also not different from its response code signal Range, but only differs in coding. With the help of this additional RF signal, for example, the opening of a garage 8 by an indicated drive 9 or the activation of the interior lighting, not shown, of the motor vehicle is initiated.

Zusätzlich ist der tragbare Transponder 1 mit Tastschaltern 11, 12 und 13 versehen, mit denen durch den Sender des tragbaren Transponders 1 verschiedene HF-Zusatzsignale ohne vorhergehendes NF-Signal des Kraftfahrzeugs 3 ausgesandt wird. Damit ist es möglich, eine Fernbedienung ebenfalls des Garagentors 8, der Zentralverriegelung im Schließmodus oder eines Fensterhebers oder dgl. vorzunehmen.In addition, the portable transponder 1 is provided with pushbuttons 11, 12 and 13 with which various additional RF signals are transmitted by the transmitter of the portable transponder 1 without a preceding LF signal from the motor vehicle 3. This makes it possible to also remote control the garage door 8, the central locking in the closed mode or a window regulator or the like.

Die dargestellte Sicherheitseinrichtung bietet eine Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten. Neben dem üblichen Frage-Antwortdialog der beiden Transponder 1 und 2 mit Hilfe ihrer NF- bzw. HF-Frage- und Antwort-Codesignale ist es möglich, aus dem Innenraum des Kraftfahrzeugs 3 heraus die Fernbedienung des Garagentors vorzunehmen. Hierzu wird der Innen-Schalter 7 betätigt. Der stationäre Transponder 2 veranlaßt mit Hilfe eines NF-Befehlssignals den tragbaren Transponder 1 zum Aussenden eines HF-Signals großer Reichweite, mit dessen Hilfe das Garagentor 8 geöffnet wird. Beim Innen-Schalter kann es sich dabei um einen separaten Schalter oder aber auch um einen Schalter handeln, der im Normalfall eine andere Funktion besitzt. Beispielsweise kann es sich dabei um den Innenlichtschalter handeln, der bei Einstellen seiner Stellung "Innenlicht ein" den stationären Transponder 2 zum Aussenden des NF-Befehlssignals veranlaßt. Unabhängig von der Auslösung durch den Innen-Schalter 7 kann der tragbare Transponder 1 auch separat zum Aussenden der Zusatzsignale für die beschriebenen Zusatzfunktionen mit Hilfe der Tastschalter 11, 12 und 13 veranlaßt werden.The safety device shown offers a multitude of possibilities. In addition to the usual question-answer dialog of the two transponders 1 and 2 with the aid of their LF or HF question and answer code signals, it is possible to carry out the remote control of the garage door from the interior of the motor vehicle 3. For this purpose, the inner switch 7 is operated. The stationary transponder 2, using an LF command signal, causes the portable transponder 1 to emit a long-range RF signal, with the aid of which the garage door 8 is opened. The inside switch can be a separate switch or a switch that normally has a different function. For example, it can be the interior light switch which, when its position "interior light on" is set, causes the stationary transponder 2 to transmit the LF command signal. Regardless of the triggering by the interior switch 7, the portable transponder 1 can also be triggered separately to transmit the additional signals for the additional functions described with the aid of the pushbutton switches 11, 12 and 13.

Trotz der Vielzahl der Möglichkeiten ist die Abhörsicherheit der Sicherheitseinrichtung gewährleistet. Diese wird sichergestellt durch die kurze Reichweite eines der beiden zwischen den Transpondern 1 und 2 ausgetauschten Signale, hier des NF-Signals des stationären Transponders 2. Entsprechend ist es auch möglich, durch eine kurze Reichweite des vom tragbaren Transponder 1 ausgehenden Antwortcodesignal diese Abhörsicherheit zu gewährleisten.Despite the multitude of options, the security device's tapping security is guaranteed. This is ensured by the short range of one of the two signals exchanged between the transponders 1 and 2, here the LF signal of the stationary transponder 2. Accordingly, it is also possible to ensure this security against eavesdropping by means of a short range of the response code signal emanating from the portable transponder 1 .

Schließlich sei am Rande erwähnt, daß die Qualität des vom tragbaren Transponder 1 ausgesandten HF-Zusatz-Signals auch durch einen zusätzlichen Schalter 14 beeinflußt werden kann. Damit kann beispielsweise in der einen Stellung sichergestellt werden, daß bei der Entriegelungsfunktion der Zentralverriegelung nur die Türen und nicht die Heckklappe, d.h. der sog. "Hotelschließungs-Modus" eingestellt wird. In der anderen Stellung des Schalter 14 hingegen sollen bei der Betätigung des Druckschalters 12 sämtliche Türen und Klappen nach vorausgehendem Frage-Antwort-Dialog zwischen den Transpondern 1 und 2 entriegelt werden. Dieser Dialog kann, wie an sich bekannt, durch Betätigen einer Türklappe oder dgl. ausgelöst werden. Er kann aber auch selbsttätig mit Hilfe eines Näherungsschalters initiiert werden, der die Annäherung eines möglichen Fahrzeugnutzers oder eines tragbaren Transponders an das Kraftfahrzeug 3 erfaßt.Finally, it should be mentioned in passing that the quality of the additional HF signal emitted by the portable transponder 1 can also be influenced by an additional switch 14. In this way, for example, it can be ensured in one position that with the unlocking function of the central locking only the doors and not the tailgate, i.e. the so-called "hotel closing mode" is set. In the other position of the switch 14, on the other hand, when the pressure switch 12 is actuated, all the doors and flaps are to be unlocked between the transponders 1 and 2 after the previous question-answer dialog. As is known per se, this dialog can be triggered by operating a door flap or the like. However, it can also be initiated automatically with the aid of a proximity switch, which detects the approach of a possible vehicle user or a portable transponder to the motor vehicle 3.

Claims (7)

1. A security system for motor vehicles, comprising a stationary transponder (2) fitted inside or on the motor vehicle (3) to generate an interrogation code signal, a portable transponder (1) to receive the interrogation code signal and to transmit a response code signal, and a code signal comparator contained in or forming part of the stationary transponder (2), which comparator, if the response code signal corresponds to the expected code signal, sends a release signal to a release device, characterised in that only one of the transmitters of the two transponders (1, 2) transmits its code signal over a short range, that the other transmitter transmits its corresponding code signal over a relatively long range, and that at least that code signal transmissible over the relatively long range can be an additional signal differing from the interrogation code signal and response code signal.
2. A security system according to claim 1, characterised in that the transmitter which transmits its code signal with a short range delivers a low-frequency code signal, whereas the other transmitter delivers a high-frequency code signal.
3. A security system according to either claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the transmitter of the portable transponder (1) transmits the additional signal if the stationary transponder (2) is activated to send out a command signal thereto by an interior switch (7) arranged, and/or actuatable from, within the motor vehicle (3).
4. A security system according to either claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the transmitter of the stationary transponder (2) transmits the additional signal if it is caused to do so through an interior switch (7) arranged, and/or actuatable from, within the motor vehicle (3).
5. A security system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised by a switch (11, 12, 13) arranged on the transmitter of the portable transponder (1) which allows the additional signal to be triggered.
6. A security system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the transmitter of the stationary transponder (2) transmits its interrogation code signal over a short range.
7. A security system according to claim 6, characterised in that the range of the stationary transponder (2) is also short when transmitting the command signal.
EP19900125307 1990-02-03 1990-12-21 Safety system for motor vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP0440974B2 (en)

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DE4003280 1990-02-03
DE19904003280 DE4003280C5 (en) 1990-02-03 1990-02-03 Safety device for motor vehicles

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EP0440974A1 EP0440974A1 (en) 1991-08-14
EP0440974B1 true EP0440974B1 (en) 1995-05-10
EP0440974B2 EP0440974B2 (en) 1999-10-06

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0440974A1 (en) 1991-08-14
DE4003280A1 (en) 1991-08-08
DE4003280C5 (en) 2007-06-28
ES2071738T5 (en) 1999-12-16
EP0440974B2 (en) 1999-10-06
ES2071738T3 (en) 1995-07-01
DE4020445A1 (en) 1992-01-02
DE4003280C2 (en) 1998-10-15
DE4020445C2 (en) 1998-12-03
DE59009066D1 (en) 1995-06-14

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