EP0517487A1 - Golf club irons - Google Patents
Golf club irons Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0517487A1 EP0517487A1 EP92305054A EP92305054A EP0517487A1 EP 0517487 A1 EP0517487 A1 EP 0517487A1 EP 92305054 A EP92305054 A EP 92305054A EP 92305054 A EP92305054 A EP 92305054A EP 0517487 A1 EP0517487 A1 EP 0517487A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- irons
- club head
- cavity
- centre
- short
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B53/00—Golf clubs
- A63B53/04—Heads
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B53/00—Golf clubs
- A63B53/005—Club sets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B53/00—Golf clubs
- A63B53/04—Heads
- A63B53/0445—Details of grooves or the like on the impact surface
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B53/00—Golf clubs
- A63B53/04—Heads
- A63B53/047—Heads iron-type
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
Definitions
- This invention relates to golf clubs and, more particularly, to irons having a back cavity where the perimeter outside the back cavity is varied such that the geometric centre of the face of the club head coincides with the centre of mass of the club head.
- Irons comprise a shaft and a club head and are generally classified into three categories: woods, irons and putters. Irons are classified by loft angle. Irons with low loft angles, e.g. 20° to 30°, are classified as long irons while irons with large loft angles, e.g. 40° to 50°, are classified as short irons. Typically, irons are numbered from long to short, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, PW (pitching wedge), SW (sand wedge) and LW (lob wedge).
- the club head of an iron has a face, for hitting the golf ball, and a back.
- the back may have either a cavity or a smooth surface.
- Each face has an area referred to as a sweet spot.
- the sweet spot is that area on the face of a club head which, when it impacts a golf ball, provides the most favourable results.
- Cavity back irons have larger sweet spots than solid back irons.
- an exceptionally playable cavity back iron can be made by adjusting the perimeter weighting outside the cavity in the back of the iron so that the centre of gravity of the club head and the geometric centre of the face of the club head coincide.
- the weight adjustment be in the perimeter of the club head and not in the cavity itself. This achieves better heel-toe balance than can be achieved by adjusting the weight in the cavity itself. It is especially desirable to maintain a flat cavity bottom. This can be achieved by maintaining a constant distance between the face and the cavity bottom throughout a substantial portion of the cavity.
- the hosel length of the irons is maintained at substantially the same length, preferably within ⁇ 0.01 inch (0.254 mm) and most preferably ⁇ 0.005 inch (0.127 mm), while the ratio of the overall percentage of the club weight in the toe and sole is greater in the short irons than in the long irons.
- the geometric centre of the face is located by finding the mid-point of the blade length along the sole and moving upward a distance about equal to the radius of a golf ball, from about 1/2 inch to about 1 inch (about 1.3 to about 2.5 cm). More preferably, the geometric centre of the face is located about 0.8 to 0.9 inch (about 2.0 to 2.3 cm) up from the mid-point of the blade as measured along the sole.
- the offset of the club heads be greater in the long irons than in the short irons, preferably decreasing progressively from long irons to short irons.
- offset is the distance from a plane tangent to the front of the hosel parallel to the leading edge of the club to the leading edge. The progression of offset from the long to the short irons contributes to the performance of the iron. In the long irons the larger offset helps keep the players' hands ahead of the ball at impact and promotes a steep angle of attack to get the ball airborne more quickly.
- bounce angle is also preferably varied.
- bounce angle is the distance between the ground and the line which connects the leading edge of the sole with the trailing, or effective trailing, edge of the sole.
- the longer irons have a negative bounce angle while the middle irons have a neutral bounce angle and the shorter irons have a positive bounce angle.
- the bounce angle helps improve playability, launch angle and spin rate.
- Figure 1 illustrates iron an 10.
- the iron 10 comprises a shaft 12 with a grip 14 and a head 16.
- the head 16 is connected by a hosel 18 to the shaft 12 in a conventional manner.
- grip 14 is attached to the shaft 12 in a conventional manner.
- Head 16 comprises a toe 20, a heel 22, a sole 24 and a top 26.
- the finished club height 28 is also illustrated. The finished club height 28 progressively decreases from long irons to short irons as is conventional.
- a front face 32 of the club head 16 is suitably scored with grooves in a conventional manner.
- Figure 2 illustrates a side view of a club head.
- Loft angle 30 is the angle between the centre line of the hosel 18 and the club head face 32.
- Top line thickness 34 is the thickness of the top of the club head from the face 32 to the back of the club head. Preferably, top line thickness is uniform across the top of the club head for each of the clubs.
- Offset 36 is the parallel distance from the plane 37 tangent to the front of hosel 18 to the leading edge 39 of face 32. Preferably, the offset progressively decreases from the long irons to the short irons.
- Bounce angle 38 is also depicted. It is also preferred that the bounce angle increases from long irons to short irons.
- Figure 3 illustrates the front of a club head which has not been scored.
- Lie angle 40 is shown, along with hosel length 42, par height 44, toe height 46, and blade length 48. Mid-point 50 of blade length 48 is also shown.
- the location of the geometric centre of the club head face is shown as 52.
- the geometric centre is about a golf ball's radius up from the sole 24.
- the geometric centre 52 is about 1.0 to about 0.5 inches (2.5 to 1.3 cm) measured vertically from sole 24. More preferably, it is about 0.9 inches (2.3 cm) from sole 24.
- Figure 4 illustrates sole 24 of a club head with heel sole width 60 and toe sole width 62. Cavity 70 is shown in the back of the club head.
- Figure 5 illustrates the cavity back of a number 5 iron
- Figure 7 illustrates the cavity back of a number 8 iron
- Figure 9 illustrates the cavity back of a pitching wedge (PW).
- Figures 6, 8 and 10 are sectional views of the respective irons illustrated in Figures 5, 7 and 9 along the centre lines as shown.
- cavity 70 is illustrated.
- the longest dimension 72 of the cavity is also shown.
- the toe and sole weight were measured by physically cutting each club along the line marked 71 in Figure 5.
- the line 71 is a continuation of the toe line and the sole line of each cavity 70.
- the cavity volume was measured by placing each club with the back horizontal, filling the cavity with sand, levelling the sand to be even with the back of the club head, measuring the weight of the sand and calculating the volume from the measured weight.
- the irons can be made of any desired metal. Best results have been obtained using stainless steel that has been heat treated to obtain a Rockwell hardness of C18 to C22.
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to golf clubs and, more particularly, to irons having a back cavity where the perimeter outside the back cavity is varied such that the geometric centre of the face of the club head coincides with the centre of mass of the club head.
- Golf clubs comprise a shaft and a club head and are generally classified into three categories: woods, irons and putters. Irons are classified by loft angle. Irons with low loft angles, e.g. 20° to 30°, are classified as long irons while irons with large loft angles, e.g. 40° to 50°, are classified as short irons. Typically, irons are numbered from long to short, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, PW (pitching wedge), SW (sand wedge) and LW (lob wedge).
- The club head of an iron has a face, for hitting the golf ball, and a back. The back may have either a cavity or a smooth surface. Each face has an area referred to as a sweet spot. The sweet spot is that area on the face of a club head which, when it impacts a golf ball, provides the most favourable results. Cavity back irons have larger sweet spots than solid back irons. There have been suggestions to vary the size and position of the back cavity; see U.S. Patent numbers 4,715,601 issued 29th December 1987 and 4,848,747 issued 18th July 1989. However, none of these references teaches the achieving of aligning the geometric centre of the face of an iron with the centre of gravity of the club head by varying the perimeter weight of the back of the club head.
- It has now been discovered that an exceptionally playable cavity back iron can be made by adjusting the perimeter weighting outside the cavity in the back of the iron so that the centre of gravity of the club head and the geometric centre of the face of the club head coincide.
- According to the present invention it is important that the weight adjustment be in the perimeter of the club head and not in the cavity itself. This achieves better heel-toe balance than can be achieved by adjusting the weight in the cavity itself. It is especially desirable to maintain a flat cavity bottom. This can be achieved by maintaining a constant distance between the face and the cavity bottom throughout a substantial portion of the cavity.
- In addition to adjusting the perimeter weight in the back of the club head, the hosel length of the irons is maintained at substantially the same length, preferably within ±0.01 inch (0.254 mm) and most preferably ±0.005 inch (0.127 mm), while the ratio of the overall percentage of the club weight in the toe and sole is greater in the short irons than in the long irons.
- The geometric centre of the face is located by finding the mid-point of the blade length along the sole and moving upward a distance about equal to the radius of a golf ball, from about 1/2 inch to about 1 inch (about 1.3 to about 2.5 cm). More preferably, the geometric centre of the face is located about 0.8 to 0.9 inch (about 2.0 to 2.3 cm) up from the mid-point of the blade as measured along the sole.
- In order to produce an iron in accordance with the present invention, it is preferred that the offset of the club heads be greater in the long irons than in the short irons, preferably decreasing progressively from long irons to short irons. As is well known to those in the art, offset is the distance from a plane tangent to the front of the hosel parallel to the leading edge of the club to the leading edge. The progression of offset from the long to the short irons contributes to the performance of the iron. In the long irons the larger offset helps keep the players' hands ahead of the ball at impact and promotes a steep angle of attack to get the ball airborne more quickly.
- The bounce angle is also preferably varied. As is well known to those in the art, bounce angle is the distance between the ground and the line which connects the leading edge of the sole with the trailing, or effective trailing, edge of the sole. Preferably, the longer irons have a negative bounce angle while the middle irons have a neutral bounce angle and the shorter irons have a positive bounce angle. The bounce angle helps improve playability, launch angle and spin rate.
- These and other aspects of the present invention may be more fully understood by reference to the following drawings:
- Figure 1 is a preferred iron in accordance with the present invention;
- Figure 2 is a side view of a preferred club head in accordance with the present invention;
- Figure 3 is a front view of a preferred club head in accordance with the present invention;
- Figure 4 is a bottom view of a preferred club head in accordance with the present invention;
- Figure 5 is a back view of a club head as embodied in a 2 iron;
- Figure 6 is a section view of Figure 5 of a club head as embodied in a 2 iron;
- Figure 7 is a back view of a club head as embodied in an 8 iron;
- Figure 8 is a section view of Figure 7 of a club head as embodied in an 8 iron;
- Figure 9 is a back view of a club head as embodied in a pitching wedge; and
- Figure 10 is a section view of Figure 9 of a club head as embodied in a pitching wedge.
- Figure 1 illustrates iron an 10. The
iron 10 comprises ashaft 12 with agrip 14 and ahead 16. Thehead 16 is connected by ahosel 18 to theshaft 12 in a conventional manner. Similarly,grip 14 is attached to theshaft 12 in a conventional manner.Head 16 comprises atoe 20, aheel 22, a sole 24 and atop 26. The finishedclub height 28 is also illustrated. The finishedclub height 28 progressively decreases from long irons to short irons as is conventional. Afront face 32 of theclub head 16 is suitably scored with grooves in a conventional manner. - Figure 2 illustrates a side view of a club head.
Loft angle 30 is the angle between the centre line of thehosel 18 and theclub head face 32. Top line thickness 34 is the thickness of the top of the club head from theface 32 to the back of the club head. Preferably, top line thickness is uniform across the top of the club head for each of the clubs.Offset 36 is the parallel distance from theplane 37 tangent to the front ofhosel 18 to the leadingedge 39 offace 32. Preferably, the offset progressively decreases from the long irons to the short irons. Bounce angle 38 is also depicted. It is also preferred that the bounce angle increases from long irons to short irons. - Figure 3 illustrates the front of a club head which has not been scored.
Lie angle 40 is shown, along withhosel length 42,par height 44,toe height 46, andblade length 48. Mid-point 50 ofblade length 48 is also shown. Although not necessarily to scale, the location of the geometric centre of the club head face is shown as 52. The geometric centre is about a golf ball's radius up from the sole 24. Preferably, thegeometric centre 52 is about 1.0 to about 0.5 inches (2.5 to 1.3 cm) measured vertically from sole 24. More preferably, it is about 0.9 inches (2.3 cm) from sole 24. - Figure 4 illustrates sole 24 of a club head with heel
sole width 60 andtoe sole width 62.Cavity 70 is shown in the back of the club head. - Figure 5 illustrates the cavity back of a number 5 iron, while Figure 7 illustrates the cavity back of a
number 8 iron, and Figure 9 illustrates the cavity back of a pitching wedge (PW). Figures 6, 8 and 10 are sectional views of the respective irons illustrated in Figures 5, 7 and 9 along the centre lines as shown. In each of Figures 5 to 10,cavity 70 is illustrated. Thelongest dimension 72 of the cavity is also shown. -
- The toe and sole weight were measured by physically cutting each club along the line marked 71 in Figure 5. The
line 71 is a continuation of the toe line and the sole line of eachcavity 70. The cavity volume was measured by placing each club with the back horizontal, filling the cavity with sand, levelling the sand to be even with the back of the club head, measuring the weight of the sand and calculating the volume from the measured weight. - The irons can be made of any desired metal. Best results have been obtained using stainless steel that has been heat treated to obtain a Rockwell hardness of C18 to C22.
- Any conventional shaft and grip can be used with the club heads of the present invention. Best results have been obtained with True Temper shaft MS-209 and Golf Pride Victory half cord grip.
- It will be understood that the claims are intended to cover all changes and modifications of the preferred embodiment of the invention herein chosen for the purpose of illustration which do not constitute a departure from the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
- A set of irons each of which has a club head, and a shaft, each said club head having a front playing face and a back, said back having a cavity therein, said front playing face having a geometric centre and the perimeter weighting of the club head outside of the cavity being adjusted such that each said club head has a centre of mass which coincides with said geometric centre of said club head.
- The set of irons of Claim 1, wherein each club head has an offset and said offset progressively decreases from long irons to short irons.
- The set of irons of Claim 1, wherein there are included long irons, medium irons and short irons and wherein the long irons have a negative bounce angle, the medium irons have a neutral bounce angle, and the short irons have a positive bounce angle.
- The set of irons of Claim 1, wherein said cavity has a volume and said volume is greater in the long irons than in the short irons.
- The set of irons of Claim 1, wherein said club head has a hosel length and said hosel length remains substantially constant.
- The set of irons of Claim 1, wherein said club head has an overall weight, a sole weight and a toe weight and the ratio of combined toe weight and sole weight to said overall weight is greater in the short irons than in the long irons.
- A set of irons having a plurality of irons within said set, each iron within said set comprising a club head and a shaft; each iron within said set having a club head comprising a hosel for attachment of said club head to said shaft, the hosel length being substantially the same for each club head in the said set, a face for striking a golf ball, and a back having a cavity therein; each iron within said set having a geometric centre of said face of said club head and a centre of mass of said club head; the long irons of the set having a greater cavity volume than the short irons and the perimeter weighting of each club head outside the cavity being such that said geometric centre and said centre of mass of each of said irons in said set coincide.
- The set of irons of Claim 7, wherein irons within said set have substantially identical hosel lengths.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US71132391A | 1991-06-06 | 1991-06-06 | |
US711323 | 1991-06-06 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0517487A1 true EP0517487A1 (en) | 1992-12-09 |
EP0517487B1 EP0517487B1 (en) | 1995-08-30 |
Family
ID=24857623
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92305054A Expired - Lifetime EP0517487B1 (en) | 1991-06-06 | 1992-06-02 | Golf club irons |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0517487B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH05154221A (en) |
AU (1) | AU652640B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2070565A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69204358T2 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ242859A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA924115B (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2271938A (en) * | 1992-10-22 | 1994-05-04 | Sumitomo Rubber Indsutries Ltd | Set of golf irons. |
EP0608069A1 (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1994-07-27 | HILLERICH & BRADSBY CO., Inc. | Golf club irons having improved weighting |
EP0636391A2 (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-02-01 | Acushnet Company | Golf club irons and method of manufacture of iron sets |
EP0743080A2 (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1996-11-20 | Acushnet Company | Golf club head with located hosel |
US5885166A (en) * | 1995-08-21 | 1999-03-23 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Golf club set |
US6093112A (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 2000-07-25 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Correlated set of golf clubs |
US6863624B1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2005-03-08 | Perfect Club Company | Golf club |
WO2012024684A3 (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-06-21 | Nike International Ltd. | Golf clubs and golf club heads |
US8632416B2 (en) | 2010-08-20 | 2014-01-21 | Nike, Inc. | Golf clubs and golf club heads |
WO2014112383A1 (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2014-07-24 | Dunlop Sports Co. Ltd. | Golf club head and method of making golf club |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH119731A (en) * | 1997-06-26 | 1999-01-19 | Daiwa Seiko Inc | Iron club set |
JP5936301B2 (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2016-06-22 | ダンロップスポーツ株式会社 | Iron golf club set |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3693978A (en) * | 1969-11-13 | 1972-09-26 | Victor East | Symmetrical golf club head with center of gravity coincident with geometric center |
US4715601A (en) * | 1986-02-25 | 1987-12-29 | Anthony Lamanna | Set of golf clubs and method of matching same |
US4848747A (en) * | 1986-10-24 | 1989-07-18 | Yamaha Corporation | Set of golf clubs |
-
1992
- 1992-05-22 NZ NZ242859A patent/NZ242859A/en unknown
- 1992-06-02 DE DE69204358T patent/DE69204358T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-02 EP EP92305054A patent/EP0517487B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-04 JP JP4144111A patent/JPH05154221A/en active Pending
- 1992-06-04 AU AU18017/92A patent/AU652640B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-06-05 ZA ZA924115A patent/ZA924115B/en unknown
- 1992-06-05 CA CA002070565A patent/CA2070565A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3693978A (en) * | 1969-11-13 | 1972-09-26 | Victor East | Symmetrical golf club head with center of gravity coincident with geometric center |
US4715601A (en) * | 1986-02-25 | 1987-12-29 | Anthony Lamanna | Set of golf clubs and method of matching same |
US4848747A (en) * | 1986-10-24 | 1989-07-18 | Yamaha Corporation | Set of golf clubs |
Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2271938A (en) * | 1992-10-22 | 1994-05-04 | Sumitomo Rubber Indsutries Ltd | Set of golf irons. |
GB2271938B (en) * | 1992-10-22 | 1995-08-30 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind | Set of golf irons |
EP0608069A1 (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1994-07-27 | HILLERICH & BRADSBY CO., Inc. | Golf club irons having improved weighting |
US5333872A (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1994-08-02 | Hillerich & Bradsby Co., Inc. | Golf club irons having improved weighting |
US5423546A (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1995-06-13 | Hillerich & Bradsbry Co., Inc. | Golf club irons having improved weighting |
EP0636391A2 (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-02-01 | Acushnet Company | Golf club irons and method of manufacture of iron sets |
EP0636391A3 (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-04-05 | Acushnet Co | Golf club irons and method of manufacture of iron sets. |
EP0743080A2 (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1996-11-20 | Acushnet Company | Golf club head with located hosel |
EP0743080A3 (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1997-01-22 | Acushnet Co | Golf club head with located hosel |
US5890971A (en) * | 1995-08-21 | 1999-04-06 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Golf club set |
US5885166A (en) * | 1995-08-21 | 1999-03-23 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Golf club set |
US6093112A (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 2000-07-25 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Correlated set of golf clubs |
US6183376B1 (en) | 1998-02-09 | 2001-02-06 | Taylor Made Day Company, Inc. | Correlated set of golf clubs |
US6358158B2 (en) | 1998-02-09 | 2002-03-19 | Taylor Made Of Golf Company, Inc. | Correlated set of golf clubs |
US6554719B2 (en) | 1998-02-09 | 2003-04-29 | Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. | Correlated set of golf clubs |
US6863624B1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2005-03-08 | Perfect Club Company | Golf club |
WO2012024684A3 (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-06-21 | Nike International Ltd. | Golf clubs and golf club heads |
US8480507B2 (en) | 2010-08-20 | 2013-07-09 | Nike, Inc. | Golf clubs and golf club heads |
US8632416B2 (en) | 2010-08-20 | 2014-01-21 | Nike, Inc. | Golf clubs and golf club heads |
WO2014112383A1 (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2014-07-24 | Dunlop Sports Co. Ltd. | Golf club head and method of making golf club |
CN104994990A (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2015-10-21 | 邓禄普体育用品株式会社 | Golf club head and method of making golf club |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH05154221A (en) | 1993-06-22 |
CA2070565A1 (en) | 1992-12-07 |
NZ242859A (en) | 1995-02-24 |
EP0517487B1 (en) | 1995-08-30 |
DE69204358D1 (en) | 1995-10-05 |
AU652640B2 (en) | 1994-09-01 |
DE69204358T2 (en) | 1996-02-29 |
AU1801792A (en) | 1992-12-10 |
ZA924115B (en) | 1993-02-24 |
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